CN100585059C - 具有荷叶效应的织物的制备及具有荷叶效应的织物 - Google Patents

具有荷叶效应的织物的制备及具有荷叶效应的织物 Download PDF

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CN100585059C
CN100585059C CN200410086246.1A CN200410086246A CN100585059C CN 100585059 C CN100585059 C CN 100585059C CN 200410086246 A CN200410086246 A CN 200410086246A CN 100585059 C CN100585059 C CN 100585059C
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陈永钦
钟信男
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FUMAO INDUSTRIAL Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种具有荷叶效应的织物的制备。本发明还涉及一种具有荷叶效应的织物。

Description

具有荷叶效应的织物的制备及具有荷叶效应的织物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种织物表面加工方法。具体而言，本发明涉及一种具有荷叶效应的织物的制备方法。本发明还涉及一种具有荷叶效应的织物。
背景技术
传统织物的防水或防污处理仅以试剂浸渍织物或将试剂涂覆在织物表面形成薄膜而达到防水或防污效应，然而该薄膜不耐水洗，例如仅能在家庭式洗衣机中(水温40℃)清洗25次。超过该水洗次数的织物的防水或防污效应明显降低。
为此，目前极需一种具有荷叶表面而使污垢或水珠无法附着其表面的织物的制备方法，以及一种具有荷叶效应的织物。
发明内容
本发明涉及一种制备具有荷叶效应的织物的方法，该方法包含在染色、干燥步骤后进行织物表面加工处理，即进行织物表面改性及疏水性试剂处理。
本发明的织物包括合成织物(如聚酯、聚酰胺、聚丙烯等)、天然织物(如棉、人造丝(rayon)等)或合成织物及天然织物的交织织物(如尼龙/棉，聚酯/棉等)。
表面改性处理的目的是使织物表面粗糙化以增加含疏水基成份的试剂与织物的接触面积或增加反应官能基(如-OH、-NH2等)以便含疏水基成份的试剂键结到该织物上。任何可达成此目的的表面改性方式皆可用于实施本发明，其实例包括以等离子体(plasma)、电晕(corona)、化学溶蚀或特殊粘合剂进行的表面改性处理。
等离子体处理
将织物置于真空腔体内(压力为0.1托至0.0001托)，通入适当的气体(如空气、氧气、氮气、氩、二氧化碳或其混合物)，以功率50至1000瓦的直流电、射频或微波激发等离子体，在纤物表面进行改性处理，处理时间为5秒到600秒。适合进行等离子体处理的织物材料为合成纤维，例如聚酯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺等。
电晕处理
将织物置于大气中，以功率50至1000瓦在纤物表面进行电晕处理5秒到180秒。适合进行电晕处理的织物材料为合成纤维，例如聚酯、聚乙烯、聚酰胺等
化学溶蚀处理
将天然纤维以酸在表面进行溶蚀，或用碱液(如氢氧化钠、碳酸钠或碳酸氢钠)在合成纤维表面进行溶蚀，减量率为约0.5％到30％。适合进行化学溶蚀处理的织物材料为合成纤维如聚酯，以及天然织物如棉。
粘合剂处理
用特殊的粘合剂如聚异氰酸酯(10至100克/升)浸渍织物后予以烘干。聚异氰酸酯系衍生自具有通式R-N＝C＝O的异氰酸酯，R为具有5至20个碳原子的烷基。优选聚异氰酸酯的实例包括：聚己基异氰酸酯、聚辛基异氰酸酯、聚壬基异氰酸酯及聚十二烷基异氰酸酯等。适合进行粘合剂处理的织物材料为合成纤维如聚酯，以及天然织物如棉。
经过表面改性处理后的织物，在5至120公尺/分钟的速度下于20℃至170℃的温度经疏水性试剂处理，使疏水性试剂紧密结合于织物表面，形成一种具有荷叶效应的织物。
疏水性试剂为织物业界常使用者，例如，聚硅酮(silicone)树脂和氟碳化合物。氟碳化合物的实例可为R-X，其中R为C1-C15烷基，X为(CF2)n，n为1至9。较佳的氟碳化合物为R-X，其中R为C5-C12烷基，X为(CF2)n，n为2至7，更佳的氟碳化合物为R-X，其中R为C7-C10烷基，X为(CF2)n，n为3至6。
经上述步骤处理的织物表面类似于荷叶表面，污垢或水珠很难附着在织物表面，因而很容易被清水冲掉。由于织物表面经改性处理，使织物上的疏水性试剂耐水洗而具有持久的防水及防污效应。传统防水及防污处理仅以试剂直接浸渍或涂覆织物而在织物上形成薄膜，该薄膜一般经水洗25次后便与织物脱离，使织物完全失去防水及防污效应。然而，经本发明方法处理的织物经水洗多次(例如，水洗100次或依据JIS L0217-103的方法进行处理)后仍保有优良的防水及防污效应(例如依据AATCC-22检测方法进行测试)，即该织物具有荷叶效应。
附图说明
图1所示为本发明织物经家庭洗衣机水洗100次后，以清水冲洗织物上污物的连续动作图。
具体实施方式
本发明制备具有荷叶效应的织物的方法，其包括：在染色、干燥步骤后进行织物表面加工处理，即进行织物表面改性及疏水性试剂处理。本发明制造织物的流程包括：精练、退浆、染色、干燥、表面加工处理、干燥、熟化、后整理加工等步骤。可在不影响织物防水及防污效应的前提下调整处理步骤或在各步骤之间加入另外处理。
以下分别详述本发明的步骤。
精练、退浆
选择适宜操作条件将胚布进行精练、退浆步骤。例如以400至600码/匹的胚布进行精练、退浆，以便除去胚布表面上的油污和杂质。精练、退浆液温度可选择在70℃至110℃，较佳在80℃至110℃，速度为50至60公尺/分钟。
染色
选择适当染料，例如酸性染料、分散性染料、阳离子性染料、反应性染料、士林染料、直接染料中的任一种，再配合适当助染剂，用AIR FLOW气流式染色机、JIGGER染色机、WINCH染色机、BEAM染色机、喷射式染色机(JET DYE)、快速染色机(RAPID)或连续浸压吸染色机，在40℃至170℃进行染色，对待退浆后胚布进行染色。
干燥
经染色的织物以5至80公尺/分钟的速度经50℃至210℃干燥。
表面加工处理
经干燥后，先进行胚布表面改性处理。改性方式依织物材料不同可选择等离子体处理、电晕处理、化学溶蚀处理或粘合剂处理。再用疏水性试剂以5至120公尺/分钟及20℃至170℃温度条件处理上述经表面改性后的胚布。
干燥
经表面加工处理的胚布以5至80公尺/分钟的速度经50℃至210℃干燥。
熟化
将经表面加工处理后的布料置入烘箱，以90℃至170℃温度及5至90公尺/分钟的速度，使布料熟化而更加牢固。
后定型(后整理)
视需要再进行柔软、冷热压光、涂覆及积层特殊防水加工处理。例如，使布匹经过内装柔软剂的药槽进行柔软加工，再送至防水机以适宜速度(例如35至55公尺/分钟)、适宜刮刀高度(60至100毫米，如80毫米)、适宜角度(0.75至1.05毫米，例如0.95毫米)及温度(110至130℃，例如120℃)进行防水加工。防水后的布匹需存放适宜时间进行架桥。接着，视需要进行后定型，后定型所完成的布匹即为成品。
持久防水(污)效应的测试
(1)检测方法-AATCC-22测试方法。
AATCC-22是一种检测织物防水(排水)性的方法。
(2)检测装置：AATCC-22测试机。
(3)检测流程
将所制得荷叶效应的布料以家庭式洗衣机水洗(水洗方法：JISL0217-103法)，烘干，裁成18厘米×18厘米大小。进行检测前在65±2％相对湿度及21±1℃下静置至少4小时。将待测布料固定于金属圈，使布料表面上无皱褶。将金属圈固定成与桌面呈45度角，在距布料中心点上方15.2厘米处放置一漏斗，将250毫升蒸馏水(27±1℃)倒入漏斗，使蒸馏水喷洒布料约25至30秒。
评分标准
100：布料上半表面没有粘着或湿润。
90：布料上半表面有稍微任意粘着或湿润。
80：布料喷洒点的上半表面有湿润。
70：布料上半表面全部为部分湿润。
50：布料上半表面全部完全湿润。
以下实施例进一步说明本发明，本发明所属技术领域的普通技术人员可由此更清楚地理解本发明的实施。
实施例
以450码/匹投入胚布进行精练、退浆，精练及退浆液温度约为90℃，速度为50尺/分钟。精练、退浆后，进行染色，在110℃干燥。之后将布置于真空腔体中用射频(功率为500瓦)激发等离子体进行表面改性，时间为250秒。然后在20公尺/分钟的速度下于60℃的温度用氟碳化合物(R-X，其中R为C10烷基，X为(CF2)3)处理布，然后在110℃干燥，再经160℃熟化，而成为一种具有荷叶效应的织物成品。
(一)依上述程序及检测方法检测本发明织物与常用织物经水洗于水洗前(L0)、水洗25次(L25)及水洗100次(L100)的防水效应，结果如下表所示。
上表结果显示本发明织物经水洗100次的评分仍高达80，反观常用织物经水洗100次的评分已大幅下降至50。
(二)简易测试防污方法：本发明织物经家庭洗衣机水洗100次(水温40℃)后，经洒上如芥末酱、番茄酱或蜂蜜，利用清水喷洒即能轻易将织物的污物除去。图1所示为本发明织物经家庭洗衣机水洗100次后，以清水冲洗织物上污物的连续动作图，织物上的污物轻易地被清水冲掉。
本申请案所述的实施例仅为本发明的具有体实施例，仅为本发明目的而并不限制于此。任何以本发明所实施的变化或修改均包含于在本案的权利要求的范围内。

Claims (4)

1.一种制备具有荷叶效应的织物的方法，其包括在染色、干燥步骤后进行织物表面改性处理及疏水性试剂处理；
其中所述织物表面改性处理为聚异氰酸酯处理，及所述聚异氰酸酯为衍生自具有R-N＝C＝O通式的异氰酸酯的聚异氰酸酯，其中R为具有5至20个碳原子的烷基；及
其中所述疏水性试剂是聚硅酮树脂或氟碳化合物，及所述氟碳化合物为R-X，其中R为C7-C10烷基，X为(CF2)n，n为3至6；及
其中所述织物经水洗100次，并依AATCC-22方法测试，仍具有荷叶效应。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其中所述聚异氰酸酯为：聚己基异氰酸酯、聚辛基异氰酸酯、聚壬基异氰酸酯或聚十二烷基异氰酸酯。
3.一种具有荷叶效应的织物，该织物经表面改性处理及疏水性试剂处理，其中所述表面改性处理为聚异氰酸酯处理，及所述聚异氰酸酯为衍生自具有R-N＝C＝O通式的异氰酸酯的聚异氰酸酯，其中R为具有5至20个碳原子的烷基；其中所述疏水性试剂为聚硅酮树脂或氟碳化合物，及所述氟碳化合物为R-X，其中R为C7-C10烷基，X为(CF2)n，n为3至6；及其中所述织物经水洗100次，并依AATCC-22方法测试，仍具有荷叶效应。
4.如权利要求3所述的荷叶效应的织物，其中所述聚异氰酸酯为：聚己基异氰酸酯、聚辛基异氰酸酯、聚壬基异氰酸酯或聚十二烷基异氰酸酯。
CN200410086246.1A 2004-10-28 2004-10-28 具有荷叶效应的织物的制备及具有荷叶效应的织物 Expired - Fee Related CN100585059C (zh)

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