CN100572655C - 具有高断裂负载的开放分层钢丝帘布 - Google Patents

具有高断裂负载的开放分层钢丝帘布 Download PDF

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CN100572655C
CN100572655C CNB2004800173630A CN200480017363A CN100572655C CN 100572655 C CN100572655 C CN 100572655C CN B2004800173630 A CNB2004800173630 A CN B2004800173630A CN 200480017363 A CN200480017363 A CN 200480017363A CN 100572655 C CN100572655 C CN 100572655C
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D·梅尔斯绍特
S·文奈斯特
H·考韦尔斯
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Abstract

一种用于增强弹性体的钢丝帘布(10),它包括:一涂有高聚物(14)的直径为dc的钢丝芯(12);六根中间钢丝(16),其直径di小于或等于钢丝芯直径dc,这些中间钢丝(16)绕钢丝芯(12)捻绕;十或十一根外层钢丝(18)的直径do小于或等于中间钢丝直径di钢丝,这些外层钢丝(18)绕中间钢丝(16)捻绕,这些外层钢丝(18)预成型以使橡胶渗入到所述的帘布(10)内部。所述钢丝芯(12)、中间钢丝(16)和外层钢丝(18)均具有至少是2600MPa的抗张强度抗张强度。所述帘布(10)具有一外径D,满足公式:D≤dc+2×di+2×do+0.1其中上述所有直径单位均为毫米(mm)。

Description

具有高断裂负载的开放分层钢丝帘布
技术领域
本发明涉及一种适用于增强弹性体的钢丝帘布。
背景技术
钢丝帘布(steel cords)一般用于增强弹性体,如橡胶轮胎。
特别用于动态的应用(如橡胶轮胎),这对钢丝帘布提出了许多要求。要求钢丝帘布具有:(a)高断裂负载;(b)高抗疲劳性;(c)高耐腐蚀性;(d)小的帘布直径。
高断裂负载(a)能通过将具有高抗张强度的钢丝加捻制成的钢丝帘布而获得,即具有高含碳钢的钢丝,该种钢丝通过拉伸作用进行最终成型从而获得高抗张强度。假设半成品具有相同的钢丝直径,则成品钢丝的直径越细,形变比例就越大,所获得的抗张强度就越高抗张强度。所述钢丝帘布的高断裂负载能通过在一紧凑结构中对高抗张强度钢丝加捻而获得,即在每总截面内具有多个钢丝截面的结构。
为了获得高抗疲劳性(b),其为了减少组成钢丝帘布的单个钢丝的直径、增加钢丝强度和避免钢丝帘布的过度的内部磨损(磨损)。单个钢丝的直径的减少也部分的增加了高断裂负载(a),因为进一步拉伸使得钢丝更细的从而增加抗张强度。
高抗腐蚀性(c)能通过开放式钢丝帘布结构而获得,其结构允许弹性体或者橡胶渗入钢丝帘布中的单个钢丝之间,使得湿气不能沿丝中的孔状空间和沿钢丝帘布本身运动。无论如何,钢丝帘布的这种开放式结构是与获得高断裂负载(a)和高抗疲劳性的目的直接相反的,因为这使得紧密度降低和每一整个截面内的多个钢丝截面的数量减少。且因为要达到高断裂负载和高抗疲劳性需要大量细丝,因此使得完全开放结构更难达到。
小的钢丝直径(d)需要减少钢丝帘布中嵌入的橡胶的用量及此后的总花费和轮胎的重量。因此小的钢丝直径与高断裂负载相反,因为用了更少的钢。
发明内容
本发明的一般目的为消除现有技术中的缺点。
本发明的另一目的为提供一具有高断裂负载、高抗疲劳性和高抗腐蚀性的钢丝帘布。
本发明的另一个目的为提供一具有高断裂负载、细钢丝帘布直径和优良的橡胶渗透性的钢丝帘布。
根据本发明,提供了一适用于增强弹性体的钢丝帘布。
所述钢丝帘布包括:
-一具有钢丝芯直径dc的钢丝芯;钢丝芯涂有高聚物;
-具有直径di小于或等于钢丝芯直径dc的六根中间钢丝;这些中间钢丝绕钢丝芯捻绕;
-具有直径do小于或等于中间钢丝直径di的十或十一根外层钢丝;这些外层钢丝绕中间钢丝捻绕;这些外层钢丝预成型以使橡胶渗透到所述的帘布内部。所述钢丝芯、中间钢丝和外层钢丝均具有至少2600MPa的抗张强度(如高于2800MPa)。
所述钢丝帘布具有一外直径D,满足公式:
D≤dc+2×di+2×do+0.1
其中上述所有直径单位均为毫米(mm)。
围绕所述钢丝芯的高聚物充满了钢丝芯和中间钢丝之间的空隙,且消除了中间钢丝和钢丝芯之间的严重磨损。
优选钢丝直径dc、di和do范围均在0.15mm-0.40mm之间(如0.17mm-0.37mm,又如0.22mm-0.37mm)。
优选所述外层钢丝的预成型为多边形的预成型体,就像EP-B-0734468中披露的那样。所述外层钢丝的多边形预成型体一直到中间钢丝具有完全的橡胶透过的优点,这个优点是通过很小程度的预成型获得的。所述的很小程度的预成型具有两个优点。
第一个优点为不会增大钢丝帘布的外层钢丝的直径。如上述公式所述的,钢丝的外直径D仅比单个的钢丝在钢丝帘布直径方向上的直径之和大0.1mm。
第二个优点为不会直接降低多边形预成型钢丝的抗张强度。据此可以理解塑性形变不同于通常会降低预成型钢丝的抗张强度的进一步拉伸。通过适当的多边形预成型,会控制和限制这个降低。
本发明钢丝帘布的断裂负载高于3250牛顿,优选高于3500牛顿(如,高于3700牛顿)。
在本发明所述钢丝帘布中,或者是中间加捻步骤不同于外层加捻步骤,或者是中间加捻距离不同于外层加捻距离,或者是两者皆不同。
本发明所述钢丝帘布可以用于橡胶轮胎,和更为特殊的是用于胎外身折叠层、鞋底、胎圈包布区或者增强筋,但是优选用于橡胶轮胎的断裂折叠层。
附图说明
本发明将通过附图进行更详细的说明。
图1为剖面图,所示为本发明钢丝帘布的优选实施例。
具体实施方式
图1所示为本发明钢丝帘布10的剖面图。钢丝帘布10包括一0.30mm的钢丝芯12。钢丝芯12被预先涂上涂层,例如,通过挤压的方式,涂上例如是聚对苯二甲酸乙二醇酯(PET)的高聚物12。PET被证明是一种适宜的高聚物,由于它的低吸湿率和抵抗相邻钢丝的机械磨损的能力高。在钢丝帘布10的扭曲之前,PET涂布的钢丝12芯,14的直径总记约0.38mm。
六根中间钢丝16的中间绕PET涂布的钢丝芯12,14扭曲。中间钢丝16的直径为0.30mm。中间钢丝16的扭曲位移是在S方向上9mm。由于中间钢丝16在半径方向上的压力,PET14稍微流到中间钢丝16之间。十一根外层钢丝18绕中间钢丝16扭曲。外层钢丝18为多边形形状,其是根据EP-B1-0734468预制的。外层钢丝18的直径为0.28mm。外层钢丝18的扭曲位移是在S方向上18mm。
所述丝可以概括为:
0.30PC+6×0.30+11×0.28HT9/18S/S
其中PC代表高聚物涂布,HT代表高张力,
Figure C20048001736300052
代表在外层的多边形预成型纤维。
下文中表1概括了所述丝的一些性质。
表1
表1的帘布为高断裂负载(高于3250牛顿)与密度构成(直径小于1.60mm)和完全胶体渗透率(零压力下降和无孔隙率)的结合。
在试验中使用的高聚物为PET,具有如下性质:
结晶体熔点:255-258℃;
维卡度53460软化点:180-190℃;
E-模数度53457 ISO 527:2500MPa;
抗张强度53455-ISO 527:60MPa;
伸长53455-ISO 527:>50%;
硬度53456:120-125MPa;
吸湿率(20℃,50%的相对湿度):0.3%。
如果钢丝具有更高的抗张强度(例如使用抗张强度高于3000MPa的钢丝),就可以获得更高的断裂负载。
此为具有下述例子的实例:
0.30PC+6×0.30+11×0.28UHT
Figure C20048001736300062
10/20S/S
其中PC代表高聚物涂布,UHT代表极高张力,代表在外层的多边形预成型钢丝。
表2概括了所述帘布的一些结果。
Figure C20048001736300071
由表2得出,制得的本发明的帘布具有不少于3870牛顿的断裂负载,平均直径小于1.50mm和具有完全胶体穿透率。到目前为止,还没有达到这些参数的这种优选组合。
以更宽的比例,本发明所述的钢丝帘布的钢丝通常具有一范围从0.03mm到0.80mm,且优选从0.05mm到0.37mm。
所述钢丝具有如下组成:含量0.70-1.15%的碳,含量0.10-1.10%的锰,含量0.10-0.90%的硅,含量小于0.15%的硫和磷(优选0.010%),可以添加其它组分如铬(0.20-0.40%),铜(0.20%),镍(0.30%),钴(0.20%)和钒(0.30%)。
纤维的最终抗张强度Rm依赖于其直径:例如,一0.2mm的普通张力纤维具有高于约2800兆帕(MPa)的Rm,一0.2mm的高张力(HT)纤维具有高于约3400MPa的Rm,一0.2mm的超高张力(SHT)纤维具有高于约3600MPa的Rm,且一0.2mm的极高张力(UHT)纤维具有高于约4000MPa的Rm
对于所述最高抗张强度,下述钢组分是适合的:含量0.90-1.10%的碳,含量小于0.40%的硅,含量小于0.50%的锰,含量0.10-0.30%的铬。
所述钢丝涂布有促进橡胶附着的涂层:铜合金涂层如黄铜(低于63.5%Cu含量,或者67.5%Cu的高含铜量)或者复合黄铜涂层(Ni+黄铜,黄铜+Co)或者青铜。也可以使用为了附着橡胶而用硅处理的锌涂层和锌合金涂层(如,含有矾或镁)。
如本发明所述的钢丝帘布可以通过已知的管状加捻机制造,或者优选通过已知的双加捻装置。为高聚物的中心钢丝的涂层可以通过在加捻步骤之前的挤压步骤制造。

Claims (5)

1.一种适用于增强弹性体的钢丝帘布,所述钢丝帘布包括:
-涂有高聚物的直径为dc的钢丝芯;
-六根中间钢丝,其直径di小于或等于钢丝芯直径dc,所述中间钢丝绕所述钢丝芯捻绕;
-十或十一根外层钢丝,其直径do小于或等于中间钢丝直径di,所述外层钢丝绕中间钢丝捻绕,所述外层钢丝预成形以使橡胶渗入到所述的帘布内部;
所述钢丝芯、中间钢丝和外层钢丝均具有至少是2600MPa的抗张强度,
所述钢丝帘布具有一外径D,满足公式:
D≤dc+2×di+2×do+0.1
其中上述所有直径单位均为毫米(mm),以及
其中外层钢丝为多边形的预成型。
2.如权利要求1所述的钢丝帘布,其特征在于:钢丝直径dc、di和do范围均在0.15mm-0.40mm之间。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的钢丝帘布,其特征在于:所述钢丝帘布的断裂负载为至少3250牛顿。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的钢丝帘布,其特征在于:所述中间钢丝通过中间加捻步骤捻绕,所述外层钢丝通过外层加捻步骤捻绕,所述中间加捻步骤不同于外层加捻步骤。
5.如权利要求1或2所述的钢丝帘布,其特征在于:所述中间钢丝以一个中间捻绕距离捻绕,所述外层钢丝以一个外层捻绕距离捻绕,所述中间捻绕距离不同于外层捻绕距离。
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EP1646749B1 (en) 2008-04-30
WO2005014924A1 (en) 2005-02-17
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