CN100543923C - 不含汞的金属卤化物灯 - Google Patents

不含汞的金属卤化物灯 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100543923C
CN100543923C CNB038209608A CN03820960A CN100543923C CN 100543923 C CN100543923 C CN 100543923C CN B038209608 A CNB038209608 A CN B038209608A CN 03820960 A CN03820960 A CN 03820960A CN 100543923 C CN100543923 C CN 100543923C
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discharge vessel
lamp according
metal halide
lamp
distance
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CN1679138A (zh
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C·维詹伯格
J·C·M·亨德里克西
M·博尔恩
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Koninklijke Philips NV
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/82—Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr
    • H01J61/827—Metal halide arc lamps
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/04—Electrodes; Screens; Shields
    • H01J61/06—Main electrodes
    • H01J61/073—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps
    • H01J61/0732—Main electrodes for high-pressure discharge lamps characterised by the construction of the electrode
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/12—Selection of substances for gas fillings; Specified operating pressure or temperature
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J61/00—Gas-discharge or vapour-discharge lamps
    • H01J61/02—Details
    • H01J61/30—Vessels; Containers

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  • Vessels And Coating Films For Discharge Lamps (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamps And Accessories Thereof (AREA)
  • Discharge Lamp (AREA)
  • Luminescent Compositions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种不含汞的金属卤化物灯，其包含一个带有陶瓷壁的大致圆柱形放电容器，所述放电容器的内径为Di，内长为Li，壁厚为Wt，其充满了可电离的填充物，其中，所述放电容器内装有两个相距为EA的电极，以保持放电容器内的放电状态，所述填充物包含一种惰性气体和一种盐，所述内长Li小于8mm，电极距离EA和内径Di满足关系式EA/Di＞2，室温下惰性气体的压力PXe至少为5bar，壁厚Wt和内径Di满足关系式Wt/Di＞0.15。

Description

不含汞的金属卤化物灯
技术领域
本发明涉及一种不含汞的金属卤化物灯，其包含带有陶瓷壁的大致圆柱形放电容器，所述放电容器的内径为Di，内长为Li，壁厚为Wt，其充满了可电离的填充物，其中，所述放电容器内装有两个相距为EA的电极，以保持放电容器内的放电状态，所述填充物包含一种惰性气体，优选为Xe，和一种金属卤化物。
背景技术
迄今为止，许多汽车前部的照明放电灯的填充物都含有汞。汞是公认地对环境有不好影响的物质，人们做了很多尝试开发一种不含汞的金属卤化物灯，但一直没有获得满意的成果。汞在这些灯中主要用来增加电场强度，因此这些灯的电流能保持在低水平，使得电子镇流器结构简单、成本低。目前还没有找到合适而又令人满意的能替代汞的物质。对于一般的照明要求，用Zn或ZnI来替代汞的解决方案已经为大家所知，但是此方案并不适合小的汽车灯，这种灯中电极之间的距离EA大约在3-5mm，功率通常在20-35W之间。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种能满足汽车前部照明要求、合适、有效、可靠的不含汞的金属卤化物灯。
经过大量的研究和试验，我们发现通过尺寸的组合可以取得令人满意的效果。本发明中放电容器的内长Li小于8mm，电极距离EA和内径Di必须满足关系式EA/Di>2，室温下惰性气体的压力PXe应该至少为5bar，壁厚Wt和内径Di必须满足关系式Wt/Di>0.15。选取高压的惰性气体，优选是氙，和非常小的放电容器直径至少能部分地取代汞在灯中的作用。放电容器必须尽可能地短，以便获得充分高的最冷点温度。从而能得到大约40-90V的充分高的灯电压。容器壁过热和壁内部较大的温度梯度都会引起放电容器的破裂、蠕变，甚至熔化，为了防止这两种现象的产生，放电容器的壁必须足够厚。
放电容器圆柱形外表面的长度Lo至少为8mm，至少为9mm更好，至少为9.5mm最好。从而能使放电容器充分散热。
为了提高发光功效，金属卤化物优选地包含至少为40:mol/cm3的稀土碘化物，例如NaPrI。同样优选地，金属卤化物包含20-140：mol/cm3之间的ZnI2。
优选地，Li<7.5mm，更好是Li<6.8mm，最好是Li<6.2mm。优选地，EA/Di>3，更好是EA/Di>4。实践中EA/Di通常小于8，更为通常的是小于6。优选地，Wt/Di>0.20，更好是Wt/Di>0.25，最好是Wt/Di>0.3。优选地，PXe>10bar，更好是PXe>15bar。实践中PXe通常不大于25bar。
在优选实施方式中，为了进一步改善放电容器壁内部的散热、热量的分布和均匀化，放电容器被一个透明的、充满气体的大致圆柱形外泡壳包围，外泡壳的壁所处的距离小于1mm，最好小于0.5mm。为了提高最冷点的温度，同样在优选实施例中，放电容器设置有涂覆的区域。
附图说明
下面结合具体的实施方式和附图(非真实的比例绘制)对本发明涉及的灯的上述和其它方面作详细阐述，其中：
图1是本发明的灯的示意图；以及
图2详细示出了图1所示灯的放电容器。
具体实施方式
如图1所示，金属卤化物灯配置了放电容器3。图2详细展示了放电容器3的结构。陶瓷壁31围成的放电空间11中包含Xe和可电离的填充物。放电容器3中排列着两个电极，两电极端4a、5a之间的距离为EA，至少在间距EA的部位放电容器的内径为Di。
放电容器3在两个端部由相应的陶瓷突出塞34、35封闭，陶瓷突出塞34、35利用狭窄的间距将相应的电流引流导体40、50封闭到布置于放电容器中的电极4、5。放电容器3被外泡壳1包围。陶瓷突出塞34、35的一部分和陶瓷放电容器3与它们邻近的部位设置有外涂层41、51。灯配有灯帽2。灯工作期间电极4和5之间会持续放电。电极4通过电流导体8连接到灯帽2上的第一电接触形成部分。电极5通过电流导体9和19连接到灯帽2上的第二电接触形成部分。电流导体19被陶瓷管I10包围。
灯的放电容器3中的可电离填充物包含0.6mg的NaPrI和0.1-0.2mg的ZnI2。该填充物还包含室温下填充压力为16bar的Xe。
两电极端之间的距离EA为5mm，内径Di为1.2mm，比率EA/Di＝4.17。放电容器3的壁厚为0.4mm，放电容器3的内长Li为6.0mm，外长Lo为10mm。放电容器3和塞34、35的总长度为24.0mm。电流引流导体40、50的直径为0.54mm。
陶瓷突出塞34、35的一部分和陶瓷放电容器3与它们邻近的部位设置有Pt的外涂层。外涂层延伸到距离相关的电极端0.25mm处。灯的外泡壳1由石英玻璃制成，外泡壳1的内径为3mm，壁厚为2mm，外泡壳1充满了室温下填充压力为1.5bar的N2。
该灯的功率为30W，亮度为78Mcd/m2。最高壁温大约1700K。水平点亮的放电容器中，其较高的中心部位与较低的中心部位之间的温度梯度小于150K。

Claims (10)

1.一种不含汞的金属卤化物灯，其包含带有陶瓷壁的圆柱形放电容器，所述放电容器的内径为Di，内长为Li，壁厚为Wt，其充满了可电离的填充物，其中，所述放电容器内装有两个相距为EA的电极，以保持放电容器内的放电状态，所述填充物包含惰性气体和金属卤化物，所述内长Li小于8mm，电极距离EA和内径Di满足关系式EA/Di>2，室温下惰性气体的压力PXe至少为5bar，壁厚Wt和内径Di满足关系式Wt/Di>0.15。
2.根据权利要求1所述的灯，其特征在于，所述放电容器的圆柱形外表面的长度Lo至少为8mm。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，所述金属卤化物包含至少为40mol/cm3的稀土碘化物。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，所述金属卤化物包含在20-140mol/cm3之间的ZnI2。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，Li<7.5mm。
6.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，EA/Di>3。
7.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，PXe>10bar。
8.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，Wt/Di>0.2。
9.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，所述放电容器被透明的、充满气体的圆柱形外泡壳包围，所述外泡壳的壁所处的距离小于1mm。
10.根据权利要求1或2所述的灯，其特征在于，所述放电容器设置有涂覆的区域，以便提高最冷点的温度。
CNB038209608A 2002-09-06 2003-08-18 不含汞的金属卤化物灯 Expired - Fee Related CN100543923C (zh)

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EP02078674.5 2002-09-06
EP02078674 2002-09-06

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JP (1) JP4536513B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101044711B1 (zh)
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AT (1) ATE353474T1 (zh)
AU (1) AU2003259423A1 (zh)
DE (1) DE60311670T2 (zh)
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CN1679138A (zh) 2005-10-05
KR20050057195A (ko) 2005-06-16
TWI336093B (en) 2011-01-11
TW200410286A (en) 2004-06-16
DE60311670T2 (de) 2007-10-25
US20050248278A1 (en) 2005-11-10
WO2004023517A1 (en) 2004-03-18
ATE353474T1 (de) 2007-02-15
EP1550147A1 (en) 2005-07-06
US7218052B2 (en) 2007-05-15
KR101044711B1 (ko) 2011-06-28
AU2003259423A1 (en) 2004-03-29
JP4536513B2 (ja) 2010-09-01
EP1550147B1 (en) 2007-02-07
DE60311670D1 (de) 2007-03-22
JP2005538505A (ja) 2005-12-15

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