CN100528655C - 混合动力车辆的变速控制装置 - Google Patents

混合动力车辆的变速控制装置 Download PDF

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CN100528655C
CN100528655C CNB03827065XA CN03827065A CN100528655C CN 100528655 C CN100528655 C CN 100528655C CN B03827065X A CNB03827065X A CN B03827065XA CN 03827065 A CN03827065 A CN 03827065A CN 100528655 C CN100528655 C CN 100528655C
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gear
mentioned
change
speed
speed box
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CN1839065A (zh
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仁科充广
铃木祐次
合田英明
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UD Trucks Corp
Volvo Truck Corp
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UD Trucks Corp
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    • B60W—CONJOINT CONTROL OF VEHICLE SUB-UNITS OF DIFFERENT TYPE OR DIFFERENT FUNCTION; CONTROL SYSTEMS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR HYBRID VEHICLES; ROAD VEHICLE DRIVE CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR PURPOSES NOT RELATED TO THE CONTROL OF A PARTICULAR SUB-UNIT
    • B60W20/00—Control systems specially adapted for hybrid vehicles
    • B60W20/40—Controlling the engagement or disengagement of prime movers, e.g. for transition between prime movers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/36—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • B60K6/365—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings with the gears having orbital motion
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50—Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54—Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547—Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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    • Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
    • Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries

Abstract

在混合动力车辆中，在变速器2有档位转换要求时，断开离合器3，将变速器2的档位设置成空档。如果变速器2被设置成空档，则将旋转电机4控制成电动机模式或发电模式，以使变速器2的输入轴的旋转速度达到与转换要求档位对应的同步旋转速度区域，若变速器的输入轴的旋转速度达到了上述同步旋转速度区域后，将变速器2的齿轮从空档设置成所要求的档位。可谋求变速器的换档时的旋转一致时间的缩短，可在短时间内进行换档。

Description

混合动力车辆的变速控制装置
技术领域
本发明特别涉及在车辆的动力源中具备发动机和旋转电机(电动发电机)且具备并行方式的混合动力驱动系统的车辆中的变速器的变速控制装置。
背景技术
在特开平10-304513号、特开2001-103603号中提出了为了驱动车辆而具备发动机和电动机的混合动力系统。
此外，已知有在发动机与变速器之间安装离合器并在变速器的输入侧连结了具有电动机和发电机的功能的旋转电机的系统。
在这样的混合动力系统中，在变速器的换档时，由于因连接到变速器的输入轴上的旋转电机引起的惯性力起作用，故旋转同步很费时间，换档所需要的时间加长了。
发明内容
本发明的目的不仅在于尽可能缩短换档时的同步时间，而且在于可进行迅速的换档。
本发明的混合动力车辆的变速控制装置，其特征在于，具备：发动机；变速器，对输入轴的旋转进行变速，从输出轴传递给车轮；离合器，在发动机的输出轴与上述变速器的上述输入轴之间断续进行动力的传递；旋转电机，被连结到上述变速器的输入轴一侧，兼作电动机和发电机；蓄电装置，蓄积从上述旋转电机供给的电力；判定单元，判定上述变速器的档位转换要求；离合器断开单元，在对上述变速器有档位转换要求时断开上述离合器；空档设置单元，在上述离合器的断开后，将上述变速器的档位设置成空档；模式选择单元，如果上述变速器被设置成空档，则将上述旋转电机控制成电动机模式或发电模式，以使上述变速器的输入轴的旋转速度达到与转换要求档位对应的同步旋转速度区域；以及档位设置单元，若上述输入轴的旋转速度到达了上述同步旋转速度区域，将上述变速器的档位从空档设置成所要求的齿轮。
因而，如果发生档位设置的要求，则在暂时将档位设置成空档后，通过使旋转电机成为电动机或发电模式以便成为根据此时的要求档位决定的变速器的输入侧的旋转速度，变速器的输入轴的旋转速度迅速地收敛到同步旋转速度区域。其结果，在换档时可缩短档位设置用的同步时间，可进行迅速的换档。
附图说明
图1是示出本发明的实施形态的系统概要图。
图2是说明相同的控制内容的特性图。
图3是说明相同的控制内容的流程图。
图4是说明相同的控制内容的流程图。
具体实施方式
在图1中，1是发动机，2是齿轮式的变速器，在发动机1的输出轴与变速器2的输入轴2a之间安装摩擦式的离合器3。
关于发动机1，可使用柴油发动机或CNG发动机(以压缩天然气为燃料的发动机)。4是旋转电机(电动发电机)，起到发电机和电动机的功能。经作为变速箱的旋转传递机构5将旋转电机4的输入输出轴4a连结到变速器2的输入轴2a一侧。
在变速器2中具备控制该换档的控制单元6。将控制单元6连接到变速杆装置7和混合动力电子控制单元10(混合动力ECU)上，如果变速杆装置7发生换档指令，则按照来自混合动力ECU10的信号控制变速器2，以便成为与该指令对应的换档。
在变速器2的输出轴2b上连接传动轴，对车轮传递驱动力。
利用混合动力ECU10经离合控制器8控制上述离合器3，连接或隔断从发动机1向变速器2和变速箱5(旋转传递机构)的动力传递。
为了控制发动机1的燃料供给量，具备发动机电子控制单元15(发动机ECU)。发动机ECU15根据混合动力ECU10的要求控制发动机1的燃料供给量。将发动机1的旋转速度控制成目标旋转速度，为此，利用发动机旋转传感器16检测发动机1的实际旋转速度。
利用制动器电子控制单元20(制动器ECU)并根据来自混合动力ECU10的作为关于制动的信息的旋转电机4的再生制动力和制动器踏板22的踏下量(要求制动力)来控制使车轮发生制动力的制动控制器21。在该情况下，被控制成在车辆的制动时通过使上述旋转电机4起到发电机的功能来发生制动力，用制动控制器21来弥补在该再生制动力中不足部分的制动力。再有，23是检测制动器踏板22的踏下量的制动传感器。
关于上述旋转电机4，从高效率和小形轻量化方面来看，使用永磁同步电动机(IPM同步电动机)，经变流器11连接到蓄电装置9上。为了在短时间内无浪费地高效地再生制动能量，使用容易确保对于车辆的电池容许质量所必要的输出密度的电双层电容器作为蓄电装置9。
变流器11根据混合动力ECU10的要求将旋转电机4控制成电动机模式或发电模式。变流器11在电动机模式中将蓄电装置9的充电电力(直流电力)变换为交流电力供给旋转电机4，由此，旋转电机4作为电动机发生驱动力，与此不同，在发电模式中，旋转电机4起到发电机的功能，将旋转电机4发出的电力(交流电力)变换为直流电力对蓄电装置9进行充电。
上述变速箱5由连结到旋转电机4的输入输出轴4a上的驱动齿轮5a、连结到变速器2的输入轴2a上的从动齿轮5b和与这些齿轮啮合的中间齿轮5c构成。
在旋转电机4起到电动机的功能时，旋转电机4的输入输出轴4a的旋转被变速箱5减速，被传递给变速器2的输入轴2a。此外，在旋转电机4起到发电机的功能时，变速器2的输入轴2a的旋转被变速箱5加速，被传递给旋转电机4的输入输出轴4a。
为了检测由混合动力ECU10控制所必要的运转信息，具备检测加速踏板12的踏下量(加速要求量)的加速传感器13、检测离合器3的断续状态的离合器位置传感器14、检测变速器2的档位位置的档位位置传感器17、检测变速器2的输出侧的旋转速度的车速传感器18(变速器2的输出旋转传感器)和检测连结到旋转电机4的输入输出轴4a上的驱动齿轮5a的旋转速度作为变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度的齿轮旋转传感器19(变速器2的输入旋转传感器)。
根据这些检测信号、以及作为蓄电装置9的充电状态的SOC(改变状态)、以及从发动机ECU15、制动器ECU20、变速器2的控制单元6、变流器11得到的各种信息，混合动力ECU10控制离合控制器8、旋转电机4的变流器11，另一方面，发送对发动机ECU15和制动器ECU20的要求以及对变速器2的控制单元6的指令信号。
图2是将蓄电装置9的SOC作为参数设定旋转电机4的输出与发动机1的输出的分担比的控制图，将该图存储在混合动力ECU10中。
混合动力ECU10从上述控制图求出与蓄电装置9的SOC对应的输出分担比，为了发生与加速传感器13的检测信号(加速操作量)对应时的运转者所要求的输出，根据上述输出分担比来控制旋转电机4的输出和发动机1的输出。即，控制变流器11，使其发生旋转电机4分担的输出，同时对发动机ECU15发送在发生发动机1必须分担的输出方面必要的燃料供给量的指令信号。
在此，在旋转电机4的输出分担比＝1(发动机1的输出分担比＝0)的情况下，断开离合器3，控制变流器11，以便从旋转电机4得到相当于加速操作量的要求输出的全部。在旋转电机4的输出分担比＜1(发动机1的输出分担比＞0)的情况下，连接离合器3，合计发动机1和旋转电机4的各分担输出，输入给变速器2。在该情况下，与蓄电装置9的SOC的下降相联系，旋转电机4的分担输出减小了，控制发动机ECU15和变流器11，以便与其相对应地增大发动机1的分担输出。在发动机1的输出分担比＝1(旋转电机4的输出分担比＝0)的情况下，控制对发动机ECU15的要求，以便从发动机1得到与加速操作量相当的输出的全部。
混合动力ECU10利用与制动器ECU20的协调控制，只要能进行对蓄电装置9的充电(根据与SOC的关系在发电被容许的范围内)，在断开了离合器3的状态下控制变流器11，以便从旋转电机4得到与制动器操作量相当的再生制动力。在该情况下，在用旋转电机4的再生制动力未能供给与制动器操作量相当的要求制动力的情况下，对制动器ECU20发送要求，以便用制动控制器21所发生的制动力来弥补该部分的制动力。
此外，在车辆未处于制动状态时，如果根据蓄电装置9的SOC信息判定充电量不足的情况、即判定为有充电要求的情况下，则使离合器3成为连接状态，在发动机1的输出中有余量的情况下，使旋转电机4起到发电机的功能，控制变流器11，以便对蓄电装置9充电。
另一方面，在混合动力ECU10中也具备进行车辆的出发时、行驶时的变速控制的功能。混合动力ECU10在进行变速器2的换档时，为了缩短档位设置时的同步时间，通过使旋转电机4成为发电模式或电动机模式，使变速器2的输入侧的旋转在早期就收敛于同步旋转速度区域。
以下，按照流程图具体地说明混合动力ECU10进行的变速控制工作。
图3是说明车辆的出发时的变速控制的流程图。
发动机1在怠速运转状态下而且变速器2为空档的车辆停车状态下，如果根据变速杆操作发生对出发阶段的档位设置要求，则断开离合器3(步骤S1)。
在离合器3的断开后，控制变流器11，以便在能进行对蓄电装置9的充电的范围内使旋转电机4成为发电模式(步骤S2)。由此，若变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度下降而且变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度收敛到与输出侧的旋转速度的要求级对应的同步旋转速度区域(在该情况下，因车辆处于停止状态，故成为零附近)，则对控制单元6发送将变速器2的档位从空档设置成要求级的要求(步骤S3、S4)。
其后，如果踏下加速踏板12，则如已叙述的那样，根据控制图(参照图2)求出与蓄电装置9的SOC信息对应的输出分担比，根据该分担比和加速操作量，在控制离合器3的断续的同时控制旋转电机4的输出和发动机1的输出。
利用这样的结构，在车辆的出发时，如果发生对出发阶段的档位设置要求，则在离合器3的断开后将旋转电机4控制成发电模式，由于该再生转矩成为变速器2的输入侧的抵抗，故变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度迅速地朝向同步旋转速度区域的零附近下降。如果变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度下降到零附近，则进行从空档至所要求的出发档位的档位设置。这些过程的结果，可消除伴随出发时的档位设置的对变速器2的同步机构的负担，也可大幅度地缩短换档时间。
图4是说明车辆的行驶时的变速控制的流程图。
如果在车辆的行驶中根据变速杆操作发生变速要求，则离合器3被断开，对控制单元6发送将变速器2暂时设置成空档的要求(步骤S11～S13)。但是，在车辆将旋转电机4定为电动机模式、进行了电动机驱动时，由于离合器3预先被断开了，故按原样保持断开状态。
其次，如果变速器2被设置成空档(步骤S14)，则在步骤S15中根据车速传感器18的检测信号和要求级的传动比计算变速器2的输入侧的目标旋转速度α。
通常，在将档位从低速档提高到高速档时，上述目标旋转速度α比换档之前的输入轴一侧的旋转速度低，相反，在将档位从高速档降低到低速档时，目标旋转速度上升。
在步骤S16中，根据齿轮旋转传感器19的检测信号(相当于旋转电机4的旋转速度)和变速箱5的变速比计算变速器2的输入侧的实际的旋转速度β。在步骤S17中，计算目标旋转速度α与旋转速度β的转速差(α-β)。
在步骤S18中，旋转速度β将既定值±γ加在目标旋转速度α上。根据转速差(α-β)是否处于±γ的范围内来判定是否处于变速器的档位设置用的同步旋转速度区域中。
在步骤S18的判定为“是”时，即进入了同步区域中时，前进到步骤S19，另一方面，在步骤S18的判定为“否”、还未进入同步区域中时，前进到步骤S20。
在步骤S20中，判定转速差(α-β)是否＞0(转速差为正的一侧)。在上述转速差为正时，前进到步骤S21，为了使实际的输入侧的旋转速度上升，根据转速差(α-β)来计算将旋转电机4定为电动机模式的输出转矩值，在步骤S22中，对变流器11指令上述输出转矩值，使电动机运转，返回到步骤S18。
此外，在步骤S20的判定是“否”时、即上述转速差为负时，为了使实际的输入侧的旋转速度下降，转移到混合动力ECU1023，将旋转电机4定为发电模式，求出与转速差(α-β)对应的再生转矩值，在步骤S24中，对变流器11指令该再生转矩值，使其进行发电运转，返回到步骤S18。
利用这样的结构，在车辆的换档时，如果变速器2暂时被设置成空档，则在(α-β)＞+γ时，旋转电机4起到电动机的功能，为了发生与转速差(α-β)对应的动力转矩值，变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度β迅速地上升到与要求级对应的目标旋转速度α。此外，在(α-β)＜-γ时，旋转电机4起到发电机的功能，为了发生与转速差(α-β)对应的再生转矩值，变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度β迅速地下降到与要求级对应的目标旋转速度α。因此，变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度β在短时间内收敛到要求级的同步旋转速度区域中。
如果变速器2的输入侧的旋转速度β进入要求级的同步旋转速度区域中，则从步骤S18前进到步骤S19，将变速器2的档位从空档设置成要求级。其结果，可平滑地进行变速时的档位设置，可大幅度地缩短档位设置用的同步时间。
再有，在上述的控制中，由于在蓄电装置9的充电状态为不充分时，不能使旋转电机4起到电动机的功能，或者，在充电状态为过剩时，为了防止蓄电装置9的性能因过充电而恶化，不能使其起到发电机的功能，故一边判定蓄电装置9的充电状态、即SOC，一边进行各自的控制。
产业上利用的可能性
本发明的混合动力车辆的变速控制装置可应用于各种车辆的混合动力驱动系统。

Claims (8)

1.混合动力车辆的变速控制装置，上述车辆具备：
具有输出轴的发动机(1)；
变速器(2)，对输入轴的旋转进行变速，经由输出轴传递给车轮，该变速器的档位包括空档，并根据档位转换要求选择性地应用所述档位之一；
离合器(3)，连接或断开在发动机(1)的输出轴与上述变速器(2)的上述输入轴之间的动力传递；
旋转电机(4)，被连结到上述变速器(2)的输入轴(2a)一侧，兼作电动机和发电机；
蓄电装置(9)，蓄积从上述旋转电机(4)供给的电力，
上述变速控制装置具备：
判定单元，判定上述变速器(2)的档位转换要求；
离合器断开单元，在对上述变速器(2)有档位转换要求时断开上述离合器(3)；
空档设置单元，在上述离合器的断开后，将上述变速器(2)的档位设置成空档；
模式选择单元，如果上述变速器(2)被设置成空档，则将上述旋转电机(4)控制成电动机模式或发电模式，以使上述变速器(2)的输入轴的旋转速度达到与转换要求档位对应的同步旋转速度区域；以及
档位设置单元，将上述变速器(2)的档位从空档设置成所要求的档位，
上述变速控制装置的特征在于：
上述判定单元被配置为判定在发动机(1)怠速运转下、变速器(2)处于空档位置、离合器(3)处于连接状态的车辆停车状态下，是否存在向车辆出发档位的档位转换要求；
上述离合器断开单元被配置为在车辆停车状态下，当存在向车辆出发档位的变速器(2)的档位转换要求时将离合器(3)断开；
上述模式选择单元被配置为在车辆停车状态下，当存在向车辆出发档位的档位转换要求时，在上述离合器断开单元将离合器(3)断开后，通过将旋转电机设为发电模式来将上述输入轴的旋转速度减速直到上述变速器(2)的输入轴的旋转速度达到零值附近的同步旋转速度区域为止；
上述档位设置单元被配置为当上述变速器(2)的输入轴的旋转速度达到零值附近的同步旋转速度区域时，将变速器(2)的档位从空档位置设置为车辆出发档位。
2.如权利要求1中所述的变速控制装置，其特征在于：
在车辆行驶时，上述模式选择单元根据蓄电装置的充电状态将旋转电机(4)控制为电动机模式或发电模式。
3.如权利要求1中所述的变速控制装置，其特征在于：
在车辆行驶时，上述模式选择单元根据变速器的输出轴的旋转速度和换挡后的的变速器(2)的传动比来计算变速器的输入轴的同步旋转速度区域，保持已选择的电动机模式或发电模式，直到变速器的输入轴的旋转速度到达该同步旋转速度区域。
4.如权利要求2中所述的变速控制装置，其特征在于：
在车辆行驶时，上述模式选择单元根据变速器的输出轴的旋转速度和换挡后的的变速器(2)的传动比来计算变速器的输入轴的同步旋转速度区域，保持已选择的电动机模式或发电模式，直到变速器的输入轴的旋转速度到达该同步旋转速度区域。
5.如权利要求1～4中的任何一项所述的变速控制装置，其特征在于：
在使上述输入轴的旋转速度增加的情况下，上述模式选择单元将上述旋转电机(4)控制成电动机模式。
6.如权利要求1～4中的任何一项所述的变速控制装置，其特征在于：
在上述变速器(2)有档位转换要求而车辆正在利用发动机(1)的输出行驶时，上述离合器控制单元断开上述离合器，直到向上述要求档位的档位设置结束，在车辆利用旋转电机(4)正在行驶时，即使向上述要求档位的档位设置结束，也保持上述离合器(3)的断开。
7.如权利要求1～4中的任何一项所述的变速控制装置，其特征在于：
上述蓄电装置(9)用电双层电容器来构成。
8.混合动力车辆的变速控制方法，上述车辆包括：
具有输出轴的发动机(1)；
变速器(2)，对输入轴的旋转进行变速，经由输出轴传递给车轮，该变速器的档位包括空档，并根据档位转换要求选择性地应用所述档位之一；
离合器(3)，连接或断开在发动机(1)的输出轴与上述变速器(2)的上述输入轴之间的动力传递；
旋转电机(4)，被连结到上述变速器(2)的输入轴(2a)一侧，兼作电动机和发电机；
蓄电装置(9)，蓄积从上述旋转电机(4)供给的电力，
上述变速控制方法具备以下步骤：
判定上述变速器(2)的档位转换要求；
在对上述变速器(2)有档位转换要求时断开上述离合器(3)；
在上述离合器的断开后，将上述变速器(2)的档位设置成空档；
如果上述变速器(2)被设置成空档，则将上述旋转电机(4)选择性地控制成电动机模式或发电模式，以使上述变速器(2)的输入轴的旋转速度达到与转换要求档位对应的同步旋转速度区域；以及
将上述变速器(2)的档位从空档设置成所要求的档位，
上述变速控制方法的特征在于：
判定在发动机(1)怠速运转下、变速器(2)处于空档位置、离合器(3)处于连接状态的车辆停车状态下，是否存在向车辆出发档位的档位转换要求；
在车辆停车状态下，当存在向车辆出发档位的变速器(2)的档位转换要求时将离合器(3)断开；
在车辆停车状态下，当存在向车辆出发档位的档位转换要求时，在上述离合器断开单元将离合器断开后，通过将旋转电机设为发电模式来将上述输入轴的旋转速度减速直到上述变速器的输入轴的旋转速度达到零值附近的同步旋转速度区域为止；
当上述变速器的输入轴的旋转速度达到零值附近的同步旋转速度区域时，将变速器的档位从空档位置设置为车辆出发档位。
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