CN100519955C - Building method for plant residue base ecological slope protection - Google Patents
Building method for plant residue base ecological slope protection Download PDFInfo
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- CN100519955C CN100519955C CNB2007100217367A CN200710021736A CN100519955C CN 100519955 C CN100519955 C CN 100519955C CN B2007100217367 A CNB2007100217367 A CN B2007100217367A CN 200710021736 A CN200710021736 A CN 200710021736A CN 100519955 C CN100519955 C CN 100519955C
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Abstract
The present invention provides a method for constructing ecological revetment by utilizing agricultural wastes plant residual body which can slowly release nutrients and can be bio-degraded. Said construction method includes the following steps: selecting material, utilizing thermal-process to decolor, hydrophobic modification, bonding, hot-pressing and forming, making ecological revetment brick and laying the ecological revetment bricks on the revetment.
Description
One, technical field
The invention belongs to the stabilization technique on a kind of side slope or slope, particularly a kind of construction process of plant residue base ecological slope protection.
Two, background technology
Prior art: along with China's rapid economy development, water environment and aquatic attitude problem become increasingly conspicuous, the newly-built amount of highway increases day by day, thing followed bank protection construction amount increases year by year, but the bank protection of at present a lot of river courses, irrigation canals and ditches, dykes and dams and highway adopts the brickwork construction of sclerosis, this brickwork construction of sclerosis has fully destroyed the natural ecosystems of original side slope, has reduced bio-diversity.In hydraulic engineering and the urban construction, carrying out revetment with concrete slab, piece is an efficient ways, and still, on the large tracts of land rigidity revetment face that is built into concrete plate, not even a blade of grass grows, and a slice is uncultivated, natural environment deterioration.The development of city premises and highway industry has produced a large amount of building wastes such as useless masonry, and these building wastes can not burn, and can not make fertilizer again, when filling low-lying land with it, is difficult to grow green grass in a long time, has caused Ecological environment worsening.Therefore, the revetment technology of rigidity is requiring further improvement aspect the construction of ecological revetment at present.
Tradition slope protecting technique and construction formation thereof mainly comprise following process, earlier with domatic smooth according to the predetermined gradient, then at smooth domatic upper berth one deck hardened material, and then the layer that spreads a layer of clay, on soil layer, plant plant afterwards, and, seldom consider the structure of bio-diversity and three-dimensional group mainly based on landscape plant.Like this, the soil on bank protection top layer is at first stage of construction, and is perhaps bad in plant growing under the washing away of heavy rain or surface flow, and perhaps in the season that plant withers, loose soil layer is easy to be washed away, run off.
A kind of porous that comes into vogue in the world crack concrete or claim the ecological process material of green concrete, Japan use comparative maturity.The aggregate of green concrete does not use sand, but uses the regrown materiaves such as concrete of glass, dismounting in a large number, adopts special proportioning, and making has bigger hole between the particle, and adds some auxiliary nutrient chemicals betwixt, makes the concrete vegetation that can grow.Green concrete ideally combines greening and sclerosis, reaches the aesthetic with the Nature harmony, can also absorption of noise and dust, the ecological homeostasis of urban climate is had a positive effect, and be the significant green building material of a kind of environmental effect.Green concrete can replace ordinary concrete to construct, and can increase green coverage effectively under the prerequisite that guarantees workmanship, receives good ecological effect.Ecological revetment is as a kind of job practices of newer environmental protection, and Japan widelys popularize, and has only some specialized companies can carry out large-area construction at present.
China is a large agricultural country, and annual all have more than one hundred million tons agro-ecology matter to be abandoned.Central Plains and northern area are to live with the wheat straw stalk mainly, and because the characteristics of northern weather and the custom of farming are seldom recycled the wheat straw stalk, but directly with its burning, promptly wasted resource, have polluted atmospheric environment simultaneously again.The south agricultural is to live with rice straw mainly then, today of southern area economic development, the rice straws of a lot of parts are not as fuel, but directly be stacked in the field, allow it freely rot, the disposal options of this no standard has also been brought harm to environment, has also caused the waste of resource simultaneously.China also has following plant residue to need to dispose in addition, as weeds, wood chip, leaf, cotton, fiber crops, sunflower, beanstalk, oil crops shell, rice husk and bagasse etc.These plant residues promptly can be that rural activity produces, and also can be because the plant residue that the construction of ecological engineering produces, if these residual bodies do not adopt professional technique to dispose, probably to environment generation secondary pollution.
Because plant is a kind of biodegradable annual resource, have aboundresources, environmental safety high characteristics such as obtains, easily so country and a lot of scientific research persons more and more pay attention to the utilization again of plant residue.Agricultural crop straw straw only, the at present artificial research of floating bed backing material in non-aqua region can replace medium density fibreboard with using, even can be used as water surface buoyant material, have broken through the extremely low difficulty of plant residue water resistance.
Three, summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to above-mentioned technical problem, provide a kind of agricultural organic waste that utilizes, the construction process of the biodegradable plant residue base ecological slope protection of slowly-releasing nutrient.
Technical solution of the present invention is: a kind of construction process of plant residue base ecological slope protection is characterized in that construction step is: at 0.5～5cm, moisture content carries out hot method decolouring at the plant residue between 5～15% under 40～150 ℃ of conditions with length; Plant residue is carried out hydrophobic modified, the water-repelling agent addition is 1～5% of a plant residue quality; Plant residue is carried out bonding, environment-protective adhesive MDI (methyl diphenylene diisocyanate) input amount is 1～15% of a plant residue quality; Plant residue is hot-forming, be the ecological revetment brick of cavernous structure in the middle of getting.120～180 ℃ of hot pressing temperatures, hot pressing time 5～20 minutes, hot pressing pressure 2～5MPa, the plant residue density after the compacting is 0.4～0.9kg/cm
3Water-repelling agent is generally selected the cross linking agent with hydrophobicity performance for use, as sticky rice juice, living tung oil, sodium metaphosphate, silicate of soda etc.Ecological revetment brick be laid on substrate smooth with the bank protection of reinforcing on; Be equipped with the three-dimensional vegetational type of structure on the bank protection of ecological revetment brick.Three-dimensional vegetational type is arbor, the shrub of planting at interval on the revetment brick and plants emergent aquactic plant, and sows grass seeds or turfing.
The beneficial effect that the present invention produces is:
1, made full use of the plant residue material of a large amount of generations,, turned waste into wealth, reduced the secondary environmental pollution that may exist a lot of agricultural organic waste resources;
2, because plant residue itself contains abundant nutrient element, for the barrenr place of soil, plant residue is that the ecological revetment brick of base material can slowly discharge nutrient, for the soil layer plant provides nutrient, reduce the fertilizer input that ecological revetment is safeguarded, reduced nutrient and entered water body, controlled of the pollution of materials such as nitrogen phosphorus from the source water body;
3, the present invention is making in the plant residue resource, the ecological revetment constructing technology of three-dimensional, also having reduced rainwater and surface flow washes away the impact of bank protection, reduced the stripping of soil erosion and soil layer nutrient, and, the structure of solid vegetation ecological group for perching of biology provides procreation, shelter, promotes the harmony between man and nature development;
4, plant residue is that the ecological revetment brick production technology of base material is simple, and general veneer processing factory improves a little just can large-scale production.With low cost, the plant residue source is abundant, the manufacturing process Environmental Safety;
5, since plant residue be a kind of can be naturally with the material of separating, therefore having biology as the ecological revetment brick of base material can be with separating property, be better than general greening and mix and doubt soil, can not produce white pollution.
6, the present invention can be widely used in the use of all kinds of bank protections, such as fish pond, river course side slope, irrigation canals and ditches furrow bank, reservoir dam, highway slope protection etc.
Four, description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of plant residue base ecological slope protection brick ecological revetment.(1) former bank protection substrate among the figure; (2) hardened layer; (3) soil horizon; (4) plant residue base ecological slope protection brick layer of the present invention; (5) divot; (6) arborous layer; (7) shrub or emergent aquactic plant layer
Five, the specific embodiment
Embodiment 1:
The dry rice straw that will obtain from Jiangning, Nanjing is cut into the particle of long 2～3cm, it is immersed in 6h in 98 ℃ the hot water, pretreated rice straw drying, keeping moisture content is 15%, adds 5% environment-friendly type water-repelling agent (the specification trade mark: LS-1001, manufacturer: Shanghai purple weighing apparatus material Science and Technology Ltd.), applying glue MDI, the glue amount is 8%, and heat pressing process is: 150 ℃ of temperature, hot pressing time 6 minutes and hot pressing pressure 3MPa, pressed density is 0.6kg/cm
3Revetment brick thickness 3.5cm after the moulding, the centre has two circular ports.Work progress carries out according to traditional ecological revetment construction technology, smooth former bank protection substrate 1, lay hardened layer 2, lay soil horizon 3, the thick 10cm of hardened material stone wherein, the thick 30cm of soil layer, the straw base is laid ecological revetment brick layer 4 again, plantation branch willow and calamus in the hole of revetment brick, form arborous layer 6 or shrub, emergent aquactic plant layer 7, other brick face is sowed ryegrass seed, forms divot 5.After adopting the ecological revetment brick and construction that the present invention makes, the brick body is maintained fixed motionless substantially, and vegetation growth is good, behind vegetational type's growth certain hour, the bio-diversity showed increased, heavy rain and agricultural drain wash away that water breakthrough soil runs off.(amount of precipitation 15mm～60mm) data show, the common relatively bank protection of soil erosion amount reduces 50%～80% through repeatedly rainfall.The expansion rate of water absorption 0.05%～0.15% of straw base ecological slope protection brick, internal bond strength 0.12～0.20MPa.
Embodiment 2:
The dry rice straw that will obtain from Jiangning, Nanjing is cut into the particle of long 5cm, it is immersed in 2h in 98 ℃ the hot water, after the pretreated rice straw drying, moisture content 5%, environment-friendly type water-repelling agent (commodity tung oil, the place of production: Hubei Province's Zigui County) of interpolation 3%, applying glue MDI, the glue amount is 15%, and heat pressing process is: 180 ℃ of temperature, hot pressing time 20 minutes and hot pressing pressure 5MPa, pressed density is 0.9kg/cm
3Revetment brick thickness 3.5cm after the moulding, the centre has four circular ports.Work progress carries out according to traditional ecological revetment construction technology, bank protection is smooth, hardened material, soil layer are laid, the thick 30cm of hardened material discarded concrete wherein, the thick 50cm of soil layer, the straw base is laid ecological revetment brick again, plantation branch willow and calamus in the hole of revetment brick, and other brick face is sowed ryegrass seed.After adopting the ecological revetment brick and construction that the present invention makes, the brick body is maintained fixed motionless substantially, and vegetation growth is good, behind vegetational type's growth certain hour, the bio-diversity showed increased, heavy rain and agricultural drain wash away that water breakthrough soil runs off.(amount of precipitation 15mm～60mm) data show, the common relatively bank protection of soil erosion amount reduces 50%～80% through repeatedly rainfall.The expansion rate of water absorption 0.05%～0.15% of straw base ecological slope protection brick, internal bond strength 0.12～0.20MPa.
Embodiment 3:
The dry rice straw that will obtain from Jiangning, Nanjing is cut into the particle of long 0.5cm, it is immersed in 2h in 98 ℃ the hot water, after the pretreated rice straw drying, moisture content 10%, environment-friendly type water-repelling agent (commodity tung oil, the place of production: Hubei Province's Zigui County) of interpolation 1%, applying glue MDI, the glue amount is 1%, and heat pressing process is: 120 ℃ of temperature, hot pressing time 5 minutes and hot pressing pressure 2MPa, pressed density is 0.4kg/cm
3Revetment brick thickness 3.5cm after the moulding, the centre has a circular port.Work progress carries out according to traditional ecological revetment construction technology, and the smooth hardened material of bank protection, soil layer are laid, the thick 20cm of hardened material brickbat wherein, and the thick 40cm of soil layer, plantation branch willow and calamus in the hole of revetment brick, other brick face is sowed ryegrass seed.After adopting the ecological revetment brick and construction that the present invention makes, the brick body is maintained fixed motionless substantially, and vegetation growth is good, behind vegetational type's growth certain hour, the bio-diversity showed increased, heavy rain and agricultural drain wash away that water breakthrough soil runs off.(amount of precipitation 15mm～60mm) data show, the common relatively bank protection of soil erosion amount reduces 50%～80% through repeatedly rainfall.The expansion rate of water absorption 0.05%～0.15% of straw base ecological slope protection brick, internal bond strength 0.12～0.20MPa.
Embodiment 4:
The dry rice straw that will obtain from Jiangning, Nanjing is cut into the particle of long 0.5cm, it is immersed in 2h in 98 ℃ the hot water, after the pretreated rice straw drying, moisture content 10%, add 1% water-repelling agent sticky rice juice, applying glue MDI, the glue amount is 1%, heat pressing process is: 120 ℃ of temperature, hot pressing time 5 minutes and hot pressing pressure 2MPa, pressed density is 0.4kg/cm
3Revetment brick thickness 3.5cm after the moulding, the centre has a circular port.Work progress carries out according to traditional ecological revetment construction technology, and the smooth hardened material of bank protection, soil layer are laid, the thick 20cm of hardened material brickbat wherein, and the thick 40cm of soil layer, plantation branch willow and calamus in the hole of revetment brick, other brick face is sowed ryegrass seed.After adopting the ecological revetment brick and construction that the present invention makes, the brick body is maintained fixed motionless substantially, and vegetation growth is good, behind vegetational type's growth certain hour, the bio-diversity showed increased, heavy rain and agricultural drain wash away that water breakthrough soil runs off.(amount of precipitation 15mm～60mm) data show, the common relatively bank protection of soil erosion amount reduces 50%～80% through repeatedly rainfall.The expansion rate of water absorption 0.05%～0.15% of straw base ecological slope protection brick, internal bond strength 0.12～0.20MPa.
Embodiment 5:
The dry rice straw that will obtain from Jiangning, Nanjing is cut into the particle of long 0.5cm, it is immersed in 2h in 98 ℃ the hot water, after the pretreated rice straw drying, moisture content 10%, add 1% water-repelling agent sodium metaphosphate, applying glue MDI, the glue amount is 1%, heat pressing process is: 120 ℃ of temperature, hot pressing time 5 minutes and hot pressing pressure 2MPa, pressed density is 0.4kg/cm
3Revetment brick thickness 3.5cm after the moulding, the centre has a circular port.Work progress carries out according to traditional ecological revetment construction technology, and the smooth hardened material of bank protection, soil layer are laid, the thick 20cm of hardened material brickbat wherein, and the thick 40cm of soil layer, plantation branch willow and calamus in the hole of revetment brick, other brick face is sowed ryegrass seed.After adopting the ecological revetment brick and construction that the present invention makes, the brick body is maintained fixed motionless substantially, and vegetation growth is good, behind vegetational type's growth certain hour, the bio-diversity showed increased, heavy rain and agricultural drain wash away that water breakthrough soil runs off.(amount of precipitation 15mm～60mm) data show, the common relatively bank protection of soil erosion amount reduces 50%～80% through repeatedly rainfall.The expansion rate of water absorption 0.05%～0.15% of straw base ecological slope protection brick, internal bond strength 0.12～0.20MPa.
Embodiment 6:
The dry rice straw that will obtain from Jiangning, Nanjing is cut into the particle of long 0.5cm, it is immersed in 2h in 98 ℃ the hot water, after the pretreated rice straw drying, moisture content 10%, add 1% water-repelling agent silicate of soda, applying glue MDI, the glue amount is 1%, heat pressing process is: 120 ℃ of temperature, hot pressing time 5 minutes and hot pressing pressure 2MPa, pressed density is 0.4kg/cm
3Revetment brick thickness 3.5cm after the moulding, the centre has a circular port.Work progress carries out according to traditional ecological revetment construction technology, and the smooth hardened material of bank protection, soil layer are laid, the thick 20cm of hardened material brickbat wherein, and the thick 40cm of soil layer, plantation branch willow and calamus in the hole of revetment brick, other brick face is sowed ryegrass seed.After adopting the ecological revetment brick and construction that the present invention makes, the brick body is maintained fixed motionless substantially, and vegetation growth is good, behind vegetational type's growth certain hour, the bio-diversity showed increased, heavy rain and agricultural drain wash away that water breakthrough soil runs off.(amount of precipitation 15mm～60mm) data show, the common relatively bank protection of soil erosion amount reduces 50%～80% through repeatedly rainfall.The expansion rate of water absorption 0.05%～0.15% of straw base ecological slope protection brick, internal bond strength 0.12～0.20MPa.
Claims (5)
1. the construction process of a plant residue base ecological slope protection is characterized in that construction step is:
A. with length at 0.5～5cm, moisture content carries out the decolouring of hot method at the plant residue between 5～15% under 40～150 ℃ of conditions;
B. gained plant residue of last step is undertaken hydrophobic modifiedly by water-repelling agent, the water-repelling agent addition is 1～5% of a plant residue quality;
C. the plant residue that will go up the step modification carries out bondingly, and environment-protective adhesive MDI input amount is 1～15% of a plant residue quality;
D. bonding plant residue is hot-forming, be the ecological revetment brick of cavernous structure in the middle of getting, 120～180 ℃ of hot pressing temperatures, hot pressing time 5～20 minutes, hot pressing pressure 2～5MPa, the plant residue density after the compacting is 0.4～0.9kg/cm3;
E. ecological revetment brick is laid on substrate smooth with the bank protection of reinforcing on; .
F. be equipped with the three-dimensional vegetational type of structure on the bank protection of ecological revetment brick.
2. the construction process of a kind of plant residue base ecological slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that the smooth bank protection with reinforcing of described substrate is that structure is the bank protection that the surface, slope is equipped with the thick hardened material of 10～30cm and 30～50cm thick soil stratum successively.
3. the construction process of a kind of plant residue base ecological slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that described three-dimensional vegetational type is arbor, the shrub of planting at interval on the revetment brick and plants emergent aquactic plant, and sows grass seeds or turfing.
4. the construction process of a kind of plant residue base ecological slope protection according to claim 1 is characterized in that described water-repelling agent is sticky rice juice, living tung oil, sodium metaphosphate or silicate of soda.
5. the construction process of a kind of plant residue base ecological slope protection according to claim 2 is characterized in that described hardened material is stone, discarded concrete or brickbat.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007100217367A CN100519955C (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Building method for plant residue base ecological slope protection |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CNB2007100217367A CN100519955C (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Building method for plant residue base ecological slope protection |
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| CN101050631A CN101050631A (en) | 2007-10-10 |
| CN100519955C true CN100519955C (en) | 2009-07-29 |
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| CNB2007100217367A Expired - Fee Related CN100519955C (en) | 2007-04-27 | 2007-04-27 | Building method for plant residue base ecological slope protection |
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Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101985377A (en) * | 2010-10-27 | 2011-03-16 | 湖南农业大学 | Ecological ditch for sewage treatment, and construction method and use thereof |
| CN107601975A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2018-01-19 | 安徽省康宇水电机械成套设备有限公司 | A kind of environmental stalk revetment brick preparation method |
| CN111406584B (en) * | 2019-01-08 | 2021-09-28 | 疏科纳米疏水科技(嘉兴)有限公司 | Method for protecting side slope ecology and bare ground skin planting |
| CN112544165A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-03-26 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Vegetation slope protection structure and preparation method thereof |
| CN112606163A (en) * | 2020-11-10 | 2021-04-06 | 北京航天恒丰科技股份有限公司 | Straw board for vegetation slope protection and production method thereof |
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| CN2320664Y (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 1999-05-26 | 无锡樱花钢索有限公司 | Cement board capable of growing plants |
| CN1349024A (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-05-15 | 吉林省吉水土工合成材料研究所 | Plant/concrete block and its making process |
| JP2004132011A (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-04-30 | Seinan Kogyo Kk | Planting block, manufacturing method for the planting block and greening method making use of the planting block |
| KR20040093832A (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-09 | 주식회사 청수환경 | Method for manufacture and nature type plant life block |
| CN1860849A (en) * | 2005-05-14 | 2006-11-15 | 娄成城 | Substrate bricks wrapped with nonwoven fabrics, and structure for greening construction |
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2007
- 2007-04-27 CN CNB2007100217367A patent/CN100519955C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2320664Y (en) * | 1998-01-20 | 1999-05-26 | 无锡樱花钢索有限公司 | Cement board capable of growing plants |
| CN1349024A (en) * | 2000-12-26 | 2002-05-15 | 吉林省吉水土工合成材料研究所 | Plant/concrete block and its making process |
| JP2004132011A (en) * | 2002-10-09 | 2004-04-30 | Seinan Kogyo Kk | Planting block, manufacturing method for the planting block and greening method making use of the planting block |
| KR20040093832A (en) * | 2003-04-30 | 2004-11-09 | 주식회사 청수환경 | Method for manufacture and nature type plant life block |
| CN1860849A (en) * | 2005-05-14 | 2006-11-15 | 娄成城 | Substrate bricks wrapped with nonwoven fabrics, and structure for greening construction |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 生态砖在河道治理中的应用. 郭忠义等人.中国农村水利水电，第1期. 2007 * |
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