CN100517833C - Anti-freezing device for fuel cell electric vehicle engine - Google Patents
Anti-freezing device for fuel cell electric vehicle engine Download PDFInfo
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- CN100517833C CN100517833C CNB2005101116519A CN200510111651A CN100517833C CN 100517833 C CN100517833 C CN 100517833C CN B2005101116519 A CNB2005101116519 A CN B2005101116519A CN 200510111651 A CN200510111651 A CN 200510111651A CN 100517833 C CN100517833 C CN 100517833C
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- hydrogen
- fuel cell
- discharge pipe
- inlet pipe
- air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
This invention relates to a freezing-proof device for engines of fuel cell electromotors including a fuel cell stack, a hydrogen inlet pipe, a hydrogen discharge pipe, a hydrogen tank, an air inlet pipe, an air discharge pipe, a fan, a cooling fluid circulation tube and a water tank, in which, a connecting pipeline is set between said air inlet pipe and the H inlet pipe and set with a normal-close electromagnetic valve, when the engine does not operate, all residual moistures in the air discharge pipe, the H discharge pipe and the fule cell are blown up, so its internal moisture will not stop the pipelines under cold weather, and the fuel cell will keep warm for long since the stack, the discharge pipes and cooling fluid circulation pipeline and the water tank are wrapped by protective heat-insulation materials .
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell, relate in particular to a kind of defroster of fuel cell electric vehicle engine.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidant can be changed into electric energy and product.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a proton exchange membrane, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary faces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current circuit.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form cation, cation can pass proton exchange membrane by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidant (as oxygen), as air, pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion by infiltration.The cation of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms product.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidant (or pure oxygen is an oxidant), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen cation (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of anode region.Proton exchange membrane helps the hydrogen cation to move to the cathodic region from the anode region.In addition, proton exchange membrane is separated the air-flow and the oxygen containing air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosion type reaction.
In the cathodic region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion, and moves the hydrogen cation reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the anode region.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, and formation is the guiding gutter of one or more at least.These guide plates can be the pole plates of metal material, also can be the pole plates of graphite material.Fluid duct on these guide plates and guiding gutter import fuel and oxidant the anode region and the cathodic region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the baffler of anode fuel and the baffler of cathode oxidant.These bafflers are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the guiding gutter on the baffler acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidant, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross power of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be guiding gutter on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, end plate and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel battery or on two end plates.
Fuel cell electric vehicle engine tends to occur following problem when weather below 0 ℃ is preserved:
1. freezing phenomenon takes place in the inner residual water of fuel cell pack;
In the fuel cell auxiliary system pipeline such as cooling fluid if to have water also easily to take place freezing.
Because these problems, it is undesired to take place when usually causing fuel battery engines to be restarted, even can't start.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the defroster that a kind of fuel cell electric vehicle engine is provided for the problem that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of defroster of fuel cell electric vehicle engine, comprise fuel cell pack, hydrogen air inlet pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe, hydrogen gas tank, air intake duct, air discharge pipe, blower fan, cooling fluid circulation pipe, water tank, it is characterized in that, between described air intake duct and the hydrogen air inlet pipe pipeline is set and is communicated with, and on this pipeline, a normally closed solenoid valve is set.
Described hydrogen air inlet pipe is provided with high pressure hydrogen electromagnetically operated valve, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve, and this high pressure hydrogen electromagnetically operated valve, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve are located at the port of export of the before nearly hydrogen gas tank of normally closed solenoid valve pipeline.
Described fuel cell pack, hydrogen air inlet pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe, air intake duct, air discharge pipe, cooling fluid circulation pipe, water tank adopt heat-insulating material to wrap up.
Described heat-insulating material can be adiabatic elastomeric material, also can be glass fibre or other adiabatic plastic material.
When fuel cell electric vehicle engine is out of service, can take following measure of the present invention:
All residual moistures in air discharge pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe, the fuel cell pack are all purged away; keep the fuel cell waste heat; under the heat-insulating material protection, can guarantee for a long time that temperature is more than 0 ℃; when even temperature drops to below 0 ℃; because fuel battery inside noresidue water; therefore can not freeze, can be with pipeline blockage yet.
When fuel-cell vehicle when cold day is out of service, as shown in Figure 1, control system is opened normally closed solenoid valve 2 automatically, and fast modulation blower fan 1, will be conveyed in the fuel cell pack 3 than big air mass flow, and flow out from hydrogen discharge pipe 4, air discharge pipe 5.Through after continue purging, the hydrogen side in the fuel cell pack 3, empty side, and it is remaining all not have aqueous water in the hydrogen discharge pipe 4, air discharge pipe 5.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has the following advantages:
1. when fuel cell electric vehicle engine does not move, all residual moistures in air discharge pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe, the fuel cell pack are purged totally, its internal moisture just can be because of the blocking pipeline that freezes under severe cold condition.
2. all superscribed the heat-insulating material of protectiveness owing to fuel cell pack, air, hydrogen discharge pipeline, cooling fluid circulation line, water tank etc., therefore fuel cell has been incubated for a long time.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing is a structural representation of the present invention.
Embodiment
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of defroster of fuel cell electric vehicle engine, comprise fuel cell pack 3, hydrogen air inlet pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe 4, hydrogen gas tank 8, air intake duct, air discharge pipe 5, blower fan 1, cooling fluid circulation pipe (figure does not show), water tank (figure does not show), between described air intake duct and the hydrogen air inlet pipe pipeline is set and is communicated with, and on this pipeline, be provided with a normally closed solenoid valve 2; Described hydrogen air inlet pipe is provided with high pressure hydrogen electromagnetically operated valve 7, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve 6, and this high pressure hydrogen electromagnetically operated valve 7, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve 6 are located at the port of export of the before nearly hydrogen gas tank 8 of normally closed solenoid valve 2 pipelines; Described fuel cell pack 3, hydrogen air inlet pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe 4, air intake duct, air discharge pipe 5, cooling fluid circulation pipe, water tank adopt adiabatic elastomeric material or glass fibre or adiabatic plastics to wrap up.
The car engine with fuel cell that the present invention is used for 50kw, the control system controller cuts out high pressure hydrogen electromagnetically operated valve 7 before parking, and open normally closed solenoid valve 2, and control air-blaster 1 drum advances the chute of air purge (flow reaches 500 liters/minute) air pipe line, fuel battery inside hydrogen gas side and air side, and purging hydrogen air inlet pipeline and discharge cycle pipeline, guarantee noresidue water in the above-mentioned pipeline, fuel battery engines will start operation normally when waiting second day and restarting.
Claims (4)
1. the defroster of a fuel cell electric vehicle engine, comprise fuel cell pack, hydrogen air inlet pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe, hydrogen gas tank, air intake duct, air discharge pipe, blower fan, cooling fluid circulation pipe and water tank, it is characterized in that, between described air intake duct and the hydrogen air inlet pipe pipeline is set and is communicated with, and on this pipeline, a normally closed solenoid valve is set.
2. the defroster of a kind of fuel cell electric vehicle engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described hydrogen air inlet pipe is provided with high pressure hydrogen electromagnetically operated valve and hydrogen pressure-reducing valve, and this high pressure hydrogen electromagnetically operated valve and hydrogen pressure-reducing valve are located at the port of export of the before nearly hydrogen gas tank of normally closed solenoid valve pipeline.
3. the defroster of a kind of fuel cell electric vehicle engine according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described fuel cell pack, hydrogen air inlet pipe, hydrogen discharge pipe, air intake duct, air discharge pipe, cooling fluid circulation pipe and water tank adopt heat-insulating material to wrap up.
4. the defroster of a kind of fuel cell electric vehicle engine according to claim 3 is characterized in that, described heat-insulating material is adiabatic elastomeric material or glass fibre.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101116519A CN100517833C (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Anti-freezing device for fuel cell electric vehicle engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101116519A CN100517833C (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Anti-freezing device for fuel cell electric vehicle engine |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1988232A CN1988232A (en) | 2007-06-27 |
| CN100517833C true CN100517833C (en) | 2009-07-22 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005101116519A Active CN100517833C (en) | 2005-12-19 | 2005-12-19 | Anti-freezing device for fuel cell electric vehicle engine |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102700544A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 北京工业大学 | Device for utilizing braking energy of fuel cell vehicle to purge residual water on fuel cell |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106848347B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-11-10 | 北京东方华氢科技有限公司 | Power supply system and power supply control method |
| CN106876751B (en) * | 2017-02-14 | 2020-11-10 | 北京东方华氢科技有限公司 | Hydrogen-oxygen fuel cell |
| CN107492673B (en) * | 2017-07-31 | 2019-10-01 | 武汉理工大学 | A kind of the PEM pile and system of cold start-up classification preheating |
| CN108169690A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery engines mechanism for testing |
| CN108470924A (en) * | 2018-03-21 | 2018-08-31 | 深圳国氢新能源科技有限公司 | A kind of blowing method of fuel cell low temperature storage |
-
2005
- 2005-12-19 CN CNB2005101116519A patent/CN100517833C/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102700544A (en) * | 2012-06-11 | 2012-10-03 | 北京工业大学 | Device for utilizing braking energy of fuel cell vehicle to purge residual water on fuel cell |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1988232A (en) | 2007-06-27 |
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Owner name: STATE GRID SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20131223 Owner name: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20131223 |
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Effective date of registration: 20131223 Address after: 200002 Nanjing East Road, Shanghai, No. 181, No. Patentee after: State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Patentee after: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. Address before: 201401, Fengxian Shanghai Industrial Development Zone, dragon Yang Industrial Park, an international 27 Patentee before: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. |