CN100463268C - Compact-structure fuel cell - Google Patents
Compact-structure fuel cell Download PDFInfo
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- CN100463268C CN100463268C CNB2005100237304A CN200510023730A CN100463268C CN 100463268 C CN100463268 C CN 100463268C CN B2005100237304 A CNB2005100237304 A CN B2005100237304A CN 200510023730 A CN200510023730 A CN 200510023730A CN 100463268 C CN100463268 C CN 100463268C
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- water
- hydrogen
- cooling water
- fuel cell
- air
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The disclosed fuel battery includes fuel cell pile, hydrogen storage, hydrogen reducing valve, unit for humidifying hydrogen, water-vapor separator for hydrogen, hydrogen circulation pump, water tank, cooling water circulation pump, supplying device of air compression, and unit for humidifying air. The supplying device of air compression includes high-pressure positive blower or air compressor, and water-cooling motor for driving the high-pressure positive blower or air compressor. Comparing with prior art, the invention reduces size, weight, and noise of fuel battery, raises power of fuel battery, and provides compact structure.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell, relate in particular to a kind of fuel cell of compact conformation.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidant can be changed into electric energy and product.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a proton exchange membrane, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary faces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current circuit.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form cation, cation can pass proton exchange membrane by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidant (as oxygen), as air, pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion by infiltration.The cation of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms product.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidant (or pure oxygen is an oxidant), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen cation (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of anode region.Proton exchange membrane helps the hydrogen cation to move to the cathodic region from the anode region.In addition, proton exchange membrane is separated the air-flow and the oxygen containing air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosion type reaction.
In the cathodic region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion, and moves the hydrogen cation reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the anode region.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O
2+ 2H
++ 2e → H
2O
In typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, and formation is the guiding gutter of one or more at least.These guide plates can above metal material pole plate, also can be the pole plate of graphite material.Fluid duct on these guide plates and guiding gutter import fuel and oxidant the anode region and the cathodic region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the baffler of anode fuel and the baffler of cathode oxidant.These bafflers are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the guiding gutter on the baffler acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidant, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross power of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be guiding gutter on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, end plate and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel battery or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as the dynamical system of delivery vehicles such as car, ship, can be used as movable type, fixed Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) again.
When used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell is done car, ship power system or movable type and stationary power generation station, must comprise battery pile, fuel hydrogen supply system, air supply subsystem, cooling heat dissipation subsystem, control and electric energy output various piece automatically.
Fig. 1 is at present typical fuel cell generation, and 1 is fuel cell pack in Fig. 1, and 2 are storage hydrogen bottle or other hydrogen-storing devices, 3 is pressure-reducing valve, and 4 is air filter, and 5 is the air compression feeding mechanism, 6 is hydrogen water-vapour separator, 6 ' is air water-vapour separator, and 7 is water tank, and 8 is cooling water circulating pump, 9 is cooling water radiator, 10 is the hydrogen circulating pump, and 11 is the hydrogen humidifying device, and 12 is the air humidification device.
In the at present typical fuel cell generation, the air compression feeding mechanism adopts motor with air cooling usually, and this motor with air cooling volume is big, Heavy Weight, noise are big, makes the fuel cell volume bigger simultaneously, and power consumption is bigger, and structure is compact inadequately.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly the fuel cell that the lower compact conformation of a kind of power consumption is provided for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of fuel cell of compact conformation, comprise fuel cell pack, hydrogen-storing device, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve, hydrogen humidifying device, hydrogen water-vapour separator, hydrogen circulating pump, water tank, cooling water circulating pump, cooling water radiator, air filter, air compression feeding mechanism, air humidification device, it is characterized in that described air compression feeding mechanism comprises high pressure positive blower or air compressor and the water-cooled machine that drives this high pressure positive blower or air compressor.
Described water-cooled machine adopts the water quench in the fuel battery cooling system.
The cooling water flow of described fuel cell pack is gone into water tank, after cooling water circulating pump is squeezed into cooling water radiator, the coolant outlet of this cooling water radiator is divided into two-way, and one the tunnel links to each other with the cooling water inlet of fuel cell pack, and another road links to each other with the cooling water inlet end of water-cooled machine.
The coolant outlet end of described water-cooled machine links to each other with water tank, from the cooling water flow recovery tank of this water-cooled machine outflow.
Compared with prior art, the present invention adopts high pressure positive blower that water-cooled machine drives or air compressor as the air compression feeding mechanism, utilize the cooling water in the fuel battery cooling system to cool off its water-cooled machine simultaneously, make that volume of fuel cell reduces, weight saving, structure is compact more, noise reduces, and the power of fuel cell is increased.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing fuel cell;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of fuel cell of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and the specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 2, the fuel cell of a kind of 1～200KW of compact conformation, comprise high pressure positive blower 5, air humidification device 12, hydrogen water-vapour separator 6, hydrogen circulating pump 10, air water-vapour separator 6 ', water tank 7, cooling water circulating pump 8, radiator 9 that fuel cell pack 1, hydrogen-storing device 2, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve 3, hydrogen humidifying device 11, air filter 4, water-cooled machine drive, the water-cooled machine of described driving high pressure positive blower 5 (figure does not show) utilizes the water quench in the fuel battery cooling system.The cooling water flow of fuel cell pack 1 goes into water tank 7 after cooling water circulating pump 8 is squeezed into cooling water radiator 9, the coolant outlet of this cooling water radiator 9 is divided into two-way, one the tunnel links to each other with the cooling water inlet of fuel cell pack 1, another road links to each other with the cooling water inlet end of the water-cooled machine that drives high pressure positive blower 5, and the cooling water of inflow carries out water-cooled to the water-cooled machine that drives high pressure positive blower 5.The coolant outlet end that drives the water-cooled machine of high pressure positive blower 5 links to each other with water tank 7, the cooling water flow recovery tank 7 that flows out from the water-cooled machine that drives high pressure positive blower 5, behind cooling water circulating pump 8, cooling water radiator 9, the heat exhaustion in the fluid can be recycling once more.
Please refer to Fig. 2, the fuel cell of a kind of 1～200KW of compact conformation, comprise fuel cell pack 1, hydrogen-storing device 2, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve 3, hydrogen humidifying device 11, air filter 4, water-cooled machine driven air compressor 5, air humidification device 12, hydrogen water-vapour separator 6, hydrogen circulating pump 10, air water-vapour separator 6 ', water tank 7, cooling water circulating pump 8, radiator 9, the water-cooled machine of described driving air compressor 5 (figure does not show) utilizes the water quench in the fuel battery cooling system.All the other structures are identical with embodiment 1.
Claims (4)
1. the fuel cell of a compact conformation, comprise fuel cell pack, hydrogen-storing device, hydrogen pressure-reducing valve, hydrogen humidifying device, hydrogen water-vapour separator, hydrogen circulating pump, water tank, cooling water circulating pump, cooling water radiator, air filter, air compression feeding mechanism and air humidification device, it is characterized in that described air compression feeding mechanism comprises high pressure positive blower or air compressor and the water-cooled machine that drives this high pressure positive blower or air compressor.
2. the fuel cell of a kind of compact conformation according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described water-cooled machine adopts the water quench in the cooling water radiator.
3. the fuel cell of a kind of compact conformation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, cooling water in the described cooling water circulating pump is squeezed into cooling water radiator, the coolant outlet of this cooling water radiator is divided into two-way, one the tunnel links to each other with the cooling water inlet of fuel cell pack, and another road links to each other with the cooling water inlet end of water-cooled machine.
4. according to the fuel cell of claim 1 or 3 described a kind of compact conformations, it is characterized in that the coolant outlet end of described water-cooled machine links to each other with water tank, from the cooling water flow recovery tank of this water-cooled machine outflow.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237304A CN100463268C (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Compact-structure fuel cell |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237304A CN100463268C (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Compact-structure fuel cell |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1815794A CN1815794A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
| CN100463268C true CN100463268C (en) | 2009-02-18 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2005100237304A Active CN100463268C (en) | 2005-02-01 | 2005-02-01 | Compact-structure fuel cell |
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|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100463268C (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP4974875B2 (en) * | 2007-12-28 | 2012-07-11 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | Compressor fixed structure |
| CN112838249B (en) * | 2021-01-22 | 2022-12-16 | 中汽创智科技有限公司 | Fuel cell purging system and purging method thereof |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1340221A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2002-03-13 | 泰勒戴尼能源系统公司 | Method and apparatus for maintaining neutral water balance in a fuel cell system |
| CN1423356A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | Method for oil-free lubricating vortex compressor-decompressor system for fuel cell |
| CN2768218Y (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-03-29 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell with compact structure |
-
2005
- 2005-02-01 CN CNB2005100237304A patent/CN100463268C/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1340221A (en) * | 1999-01-12 | 2002-03-13 | 泰勒戴尼能源系统公司 | Method and apparatus for maintaining neutral water balance in a fuel cell system |
| CN1423356A (en) * | 2002-12-30 | 2003-06-11 | 西安交通大学 | Method for oil-free lubricating vortex compressor-decompressor system for fuel cell |
| CN2768218Y (en) * | 2005-02-01 | 2006-03-29 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | Fuel cell with compact structure |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1815794A (en) | 2006-08-09 |
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Owner name: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20131223 Owner name: STATE GRID SHANGHAI ELECTRIC POWER COMPANY Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI SHEN-LI HIGH TECH CO., LTD. Effective date: 20131223 |
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Free format text: CORRECT: ADDRESS; FROM: 201401 FENGXIAN, SHANGHAI TO: 200002 HUANGPU, SHANGHAI |
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Effective date of registration: 20131223 Address after: 200002 Nanjing East Road, Shanghai, No. 181, No. Patentee after: State Grid Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Company Patentee after: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. Address before: 201401, Fengxian Shanghai Industrial Development Zone, dragon Yang Industrial Park, an international 27 Patentee before: Shanghai Shen-Li High Tech Co., Ltd. |