CN100444440C - A double fuel cell power system capable of parallel working - Google Patents

A double fuel cell power system capable of parallel working Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100444440C
CN100444440C CNB2003101229147A CN200310122914A CN100444440C CN 100444440 C CN100444440 C CN 100444440C CN B2003101229147 A CNB2003101229147 A CN B2003101229147A CN 200310122914 A CN200310122914 A CN 200310122914A CN 100444440 C CN100444440 C CN 100444440C
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China
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fuel cell
hydrogen
cooling fluid
air
integral type
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CN1635657A (en
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胡里清
夏建伟
傅明竹
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Shanghai Municipal Electric Power Co
Shanghai Shenli Technology Co Ltd
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Shanghai Shen Li High Tech Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

Abstract

The present invention relates to a double fuel cell power system capable of parallel working, which comprises a fuel cell pile, a fuel hydrogen supply subsystem, an air supply subsystem, a cooling fluid circulation subsystem, and an automatic control and electric energy output subsystem, wherein the fuel cell pile comprises two sets of large integrated fuel cell piles which are integrally assembled in parallel in a vertical direction or in an adjacent abutting mode, wherein in the two sets of integrated fuel cell piles, two hydrogen inlets and two hydrogen outlets share one general hydrogen inlet pipe and one general hydrogen outlet pipe, two cooling fluid inlets and two cooling fluid outlets share one general cooling fluid inlet pipe and one cooling fluid outlet pipe, and two air inlets and two air outlets share one general air inlet pipe and one general air outlet pipe or can independently use one air inlet pipe and one air outlet pipe respectively. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can obtain the purpose of output with high power or super-high power under the condition of not blindly increasing the number of modules of the integrated fuel cell piles.

Description

A kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that can run parallel
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell, relate in particular to a kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that can run parallel.
Background technology
Electrochemical fuel cell is a kind of device that hydrogen and oxidant can be changed into electric energy and product.The internal core parts of this device are membrane electrode (Membrane Electrode Assembly are called for short MEA), and membrane electrode (MEA) is made up of as carbon paper a proton exchange membrane, two porous conductive materials of film two sides folder.The catalyst that contains the initiation electrochemical reaction of even tiny dispersion on two boundary faces of film and carbon paper is as the metal platinum catalyst.The membrane electrode both sides can electrochemistry will take place with conductive body to be sent out and answers the electronics that generates in the process, draws by external circuit, constitutes current circuit.
At the anode tap of membrane electrode, fuel can pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper) by infiltration, and electrochemical reaction takes place on catalyst surface, lose electronics, form cation, cation can pass proton exchange membrane by migration, arrives the other end cathode terminal of membrane electrode.At the cathode terminal of membrane electrode, contain the gas of oxidant (as oxygen), as air, pass porousness diffusion material (carbon paper), and the generation electrochemical reaction obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion by infiltration.The cation of coming in the anion and the anode tap migration of cathode terminal formation reacts, and forms product.
Adopting hydrogen is fuel, and the air that contains oxygen is in the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of oxidant (or pure oxygen is an oxidant), and fuel hydrogen has just produced hydrogen cation (or being proton) in the catalytic electrochemical reaction of anode region.Proton exchange membrane helps the hydrogen cation to move to the cathodic region from the anode region.In addition, proton exchange membrane is separated the air-flow and the oxygen containing air-flow of hydrogen fuel, they can not mixed mutually and produces explosion type reaction.
In the cathodic region, oxygen obtains electronics on catalyst surface, forms anion, and moves the hydrogen cation reaction of coming, reaction of formation product water with the anode region.In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air (oxygen), anode reaction and cathode reaction can be expressed in order to following equation:
Anode reaction: H 2→ 2H ++ 2e
Cathode reaction: 1/2O 2+ 2H ++ 2e → H 2O
In typical Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, membrane electrode (MEA) generally all is placed in the middle of the pole plate of two conductions, and quarter is milled by die casting, punching press or machinery in the surface that every guide plate contacts with membrane electrode, and formation is the guiding gutter of one or more at least.These guide plates can above metal material pole plate, also can be the pole plate of graphite material.Fluid duct on these guide plates and guiding gutter import fuel and oxidant the anode region and the cathodic region on membrane electrode both sides respectively.In the structure of a Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells monocell, only there is a membrane electrode, the membrane electrode both sides are respectively the baffler of anode fuel and the baffler of cathode oxidant.These bafflers are both as current collector plate, and also as the mechanical support on membrane electrode both sides, the guiding gutter on the baffler acts as a fuel again and enters the passage of anode, cathode surface with oxidant, and as the passage of taking away the water that generates in the fuel cell operation process.
In order to increase the gross power of whole Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, two or more monocells can be connected into battery pack or be unified into battery pack by the mode that tiles usually by straight folded mode.In straight folded, in-line battery pack, can there be guiding gutter on the two sides of a pole plate, and wherein one side can be used as the anode guide face of a membrane electrode, and another side can be used as the cathode diversion face of another adjacent membranes electrode, and this pole plate is called bipolar plates.A series of monocell connects together by certain way and forms a battery pack.Battery pack tightens together by front end-plate, end plate and pull bar usually and becomes one.
A typical battery stack generally includes: the water conservancy diversion import and the flow-guiding channel of (1) fuel and oxidant gas are distributed to fuel (hydrogen-rich gas that obtains as hydrogen, methyl alcohol or methyl alcohol, natural gas, gasoline) and oxidant (mainly being oxygen or air) in the guiding gutter of each anode, cathode plane equably after reforming; (2) import and export and the flow-guiding channel of cooling fluid (as water) are evenly distributed to cooling fluid in each battery pack inner cooling channel, and the heat absorption that hydrogen in the fuel cell, the exothermic reaction of oxygen electrochemistry are generated is also taken battery pack out of and dispelled the heat; (3) outlet of fuel and oxidant gas and corresponding flow-guiding channel, fuel gas and oxidant gas are when discharging, and portability goes out the liquid that generates in the fuel cell, the water of steam state.Usually, the import and export of all fuel, oxidant, cooling fluid are all opened on the end plate of fuel battery or on two end plates.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can be used as the dynamical system of delivery vehicles such as car, ship, can be used as movable type, fixed Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) again.
When used in proton exchange membrane fuel cell is done car, ship power system or movable type and stationary power generation station, must comprise battery pile, fuel hydrogen supply subsystem, air supply subsystem, cooling heat dissipation subsystem, control and electric energy output various piece automatically.
Fig. 1 is a fuel cell generation, and 1 is fuel cell pack in Fig. 1; 2 are storage hydrogen bottle or other hydrogen-storing devices; 3 is pressure-reducing valve; 4 is air filter; 5 is the air compression feeding mechanism; 6 is the hydrogen Water-vapor seperator; 6 ' is the air Water-vapor seperator; 7 is water tank; 8 is the cooling fluid circulating pump; 9 is radiator; 10 is the hydrogen circulating pump.
At present, fuel cell generation is used for the dynamical system of delivery vehicle or as the power station, all requires very high power output.This high power output is embodied in fuel cell pack and necessarily requires high voltage, big electric current output.
In practical application, powerful fuel cell pack all is to be realized through the method that integration mode constitutes on the volume compact big fuel cell pack by a plurality of fuel battery stack modules.
For example the method for " US Patent 5486430 " is arranged in parallel a plurality of fuel cell packs, and unified being integrated on the shared front console carried out in the import of all air of each fuel cell pack, hydrogen, cooling water, outlet.The six shared big fluid passages of import and export that all air on all fuel cell packs, hydrogen, cooling water are arranged on the front console.The described method of the patent of Shenli Science and Technology Co Ltd, Shanghai " a kind of fuel cell of integrated form (patent No.: 02265512.3) " for example again, by the shared current-collecting panel of a plurality of fuel cell packs, the forward and backward integrated a plurality of fuel cell packs on this current-collecting panel.This current-collecting panel is equivalent to the centre at a plurality of fuel cell packs, and the import and export of the air of all fuel cell packs, hydrogen, cooling fluid is all unified to be integrated on the shared current-collecting panel of this piece.The six shared big fluid passages of import and export that all air on all fuel cell packs, hydrogen, cooling fluid are arranged on this current-collecting panel.
The above-mentioned integral type fuel battery of realizing by the whole bag of tricks, though shared each fluid passage of each fuel battery stack module, but each module all has the positive and negative flow-collection mother-board of oneself, connect by the positive and negative electrode motherboard on all fuel cell modules being carried out series and parallel, whole integral type fuel battery can be exported the high voltage that corresponds to actual needs, the requirement of big electric current.
Fuel cell generation to more high-power output, can pass through integrated more fuel battery stack module in principle, and allowing the import and export shared six big fluid passages of all air on all fuel battery stack modules, hydrogen, cooling fluid, the big fuel cell pack after promptly integrated is a kind of integral structure with six big fluid lines of total air, hydrogen, cooling fluid import and export equally.
But fuel cell generation to super high power output, for example: more than 100KW, even the fuel cell generation of output more than hundreds of kilowatts, need integrated fuel battery stack module quantity too many, so many fuel battery stack modules are integrated the integral type fuel battery of becoming one structure, no matter be to adopt which kind of integrated approach, difficulty all is very large, even it is impossible to say so from engineering.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art existence still can not reach the double-fuel cell dynamical system that can run parallel high-power or super high power output by the method that blindly increases the integrated fuel cell stack module number.
Purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that can run parallel, comprise fuel cell pack, fuel hydrogen supply subsystem, the air supply subsystem, the cooling fluid cycle subsystem, automatically control and electric energy output subsystem, it is characterized in that, described fuel cell pack comprises that the fuel cell raft of employing two cover integrated forms is parallel up and down or adjacent near integrated assembling, wherein, shared one of 2 hydrogen inlets in the two cover integral type fuel battery rafts always advance the hydrogen pipe, 2 shared one of hydrogen outlets always go out the hydrogen pipe, the cooling fluid pipe is always advanced in 2 shared one of cooling fluid imports, 2 cooling fluids export shared one and always go out the cooling fluid pipe, 2 air intlets can a shared total incoming air conduit, also can distinguish and respectively use an incoming air conduit separately, 2 air outlet slits can a shared total outgoing air conduit, also can distinguish and respectively use an outgoing air conduit separately.
In described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, fuel hydrogen supply subsystem can store up hydrogen, hydrogen supply device and hydrogen control, circulating device by a shared cover.
In described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the cooling fluid cycle subsystem can a shared cover cooling fluid circulating device, has only a cooling fluid circulating pump and a cover radiator in the promptly whole cooling fluid cycle subsystem.
In described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the air supply subsystem can a shared total air supply device, or in described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the air supply subsystem has two air supply devices respectively, and the air supply pipeline separates separately.
In described two sleeve pipe integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, control and the electric energy output subsystem integrated synchronous operation control of unifying automatically, two cover integral type fuel battery rafts can be carried out serial or parallel connection.
In described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, under applicable cases, can carry out asynchronous operation control as vehicle-mounted power source, that is, can allow a cover integral type fuel battery raft in running order, and the another set of non operating state that is in; That is to say that the output of the power of whole generating system is not by the run parallel method of common output of two covers, can be to be exported separately by a certain cover when small-power export, and when high-power output demand, overlap common parallel output by two.
The present invention does not increase the method for integrated fuel cell stack module number by blindness, but reaches purpose high-power or super high power output by a kind of double-fuel cell electricity generation system that can run parallel.Two cover fuel cell generations can run parallel, but two cover integral type fuel battery rafts in the two cover fuel cell generations, fuel hydrogen supply subsystem, air supply subsystem, cooling heat dissipation subsystem, control and electric energy output various piece are all carried out unified integrated design automatically, reducing volume, reducing weight to reach, meet vehicle-mounted or the stationary power generation needs, unified Synchronization Control and can carry out the series and parallel of the output current of two cover electricity generation systems is to reach the needs of practical application purpose.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing fuel cell generation;
Fig. 2 is the parallel assembled construction schematic diagram up and down of two cover integral type fuel battery rafts in the fuel cell power system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is parallel near adjacent integrated assembled construction schematic diagram for two cover integral type fuel battery rafts in the fuel cell power system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
As Fig. 2, shown in Figure 3,1a, 2a, 3a are respectively hydrogen, the cooling fluid of the first cover integral type fuel battery raft, the import of air; 1b, 2b, 3b are respectively hydrogen, the cooling fluid of the first cover integral type fuel battery raft, the outlet of air; 1 ' a, 2 ' a, 3 ' a are respectively hydrogen, the cooling fluid of the second cover integral type fuel battery raft, the import of air; 1 ' b, 2 ' b, 3 ' b are respectively hydrogen, the cooling fluid of the second cover integral type fuel battery raft, the outlet of air.
2 hydrogen inlet 1a in two covers two in fuel cell generations cover integral type fuel battery rafts and the shared main pipe rail of 1 ' a branch out 2 branch pipelines on 1a, 1 ' a by main pipe rail again; 2 hydrogen outlet 1b and 1 ' b outlet are also drawn by two arms earlier and are converged a shared main pipe rail.
The shared main pipe rail of 2 cooling fluid import 3a, 3 ' a in the two cover integral type fuel battery rafts in the two cover fuel cell generations is diverted to respectively in 3a, 3 ' a import by two arms again; 2 cooling fluids outlet 3b and 3 ' b are also first to be drawn and is converged a shared main pipe rail by two arms.
2 air intlet 2a, 2 ' a in two covers two in fuel cell generations cover integral type fuel battery rafts can a shared main pipe rail, be diverted to respectively in 2a, 2 ' a import by two arms, perhaps 2 air intlet 2a, 2 ' a are for providing for air duct separately respectively again; 2 air flow out outlet 2b, 3 ' b is also drawn by 2 arms earlier and converges a shared main pipe rail; Perhaps 2 air outlet slit 2b, 2 ' b are independent outgoing air conduit road outflow respectively.
1 is fuel cell pack among Fig. 3, and 2 are storage hydrogen bottle or other hydrogen-storing devices, and 3 is pressure-reducing valve, and 4 is air filter, 5 is the air compression feeding mechanism, and 6 is the hydrogen Water-vapor seperator, and 6 ' is the air Water-vapor seperator, and 7 is water tank, 8 is the cooling fluid circulating pump, and 9 is radiator, and 10 is the hydrogen circulating pump.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 3, two cover integrated fuel cell piles carry out the integrated assembling of parallel next-door neighbour, and every cover integral type fuel battery raft is made up of the little fuel cell pack of 8 modules, and the exportable power of nominal operation is 60~70KW, operating current is 240A, and operating voltage is 300V; The shared cover hydrogen supply subsystem of two cover integrated fuel cell piles, a shared cover cooling fluid cycle subsystem is carried and operation but carry out air by two cover air supply subsystems respectively.
Two cover integrated fuel cell piles adopt and are connected in series, and operating voltage is 600V, and operating current is 240A, and rated output power is 144KW.The whole generating system adopts the synchronous operation control of integrated two cover electricity generation systems.

Claims (6)

1. double-fuel cell dynamical system that runs parallel, comprise fuel cell pack, fuel hydrogen supply subsystem, the air supply subsystem, the cooling fluid cycle subsystem, automatically control and electric energy output subsystem, it is characterized in that, described fuel cell pack comprises that the fuel cell raft of employing two cover integrated forms is parallel up and down or adjacent near integrated assembling, wherein, shared one of 2 hydrogen inlets in the two cover integral type fuel battery rafts always advance the hydrogen pipe, 2 shared one of hydrogen outlets always go out the hydrogen pipe, the cooling fluid pipe is always advanced in 2 shared one of cooling fluid imports, 2 cooling fluids export shared one and always go out the cooling fluid pipe, 2 shared total incoming air conduits of air intlet, or respectively use an incoming air conduit respectively separately, 2 shared total outgoing air conduits of air outlet slit, or respectively use an outgoing air conduit respectively separately.
2. a kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that runs parallel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the shared cover storage hydrogen of fuel hydrogen supply subsystem, hydrogen supply device and hydrogen control, circulating device.
3. a kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that runs parallel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the shared cover cooling fluid circulating device of cooling fluid cycle subsystem has only a cooling fluid circulating pump and a cover radiator in the promptly whole cooling fluid cycle subsystem.
4. a kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that runs parallel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the shared total air supply device of air supply subsystem, or in described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the air supply subsystem has two air supply devices respectively, and the air supply pipeline separates separately.
5. a kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that runs parallel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described two sleeve pipe integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, the integrated synchronous operation control that automatic control and electric energy output subsystem are unified, two cover integral type fuel battery rafts are carried out serial or parallel connection.
6. a kind of double-fuel cell dynamical system that runs parallel according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described two cover integral type fuel battery dynamical systems, under applicable cases as vehicle-mounted power source, carry out asynchronous operation control, that is, make a cover integral type fuel battery raft in running order, and the another set of non operating state that is in.
CNB2003101229147A 2003-12-29 2003-12-29 A double fuel cell power system capable of parallel working Expired - Lifetime CN100444440C (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7799473B2 (en) 2006-12-27 2010-09-21 Gm Global Technology Operations, Inc. Anode recirculation for a parallel dual stack fuel cell system
US8214174B2 (en) 2007-01-31 2012-07-03 GM Global Technology Operations LLC Algorithm for online adaptive polarization curve estimation of a fuel cell stack
CN113022332B (en) * 2021-03-26 2021-11-09 大连擎研科技有限公司 System for high-power dual-fuel cell electric pile vehicle and using method thereof
CN113036179B (en) * 2021-03-29 2021-11-02 大连擎研科技有限公司 Gas distribution and hydrogen circulation structure suitable for dual-fuel cell stack system
CN113594527B (en) * 2021-07-29 2022-09-02 中山大洋电机股份有限公司 Multi-set parallel fuel cell system and vehicle thereof

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2419692Y (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-02-14 连建设 Laminated fuel batteries
CN2476106Y (en) * 2001-05-11 2002-02-06 上海神力科技有限公司 Improved fuel battery
CN2674658Y (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-01-26 上海神力科技有限公司 Dual-fuel cell power system capable of parallelly operating

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN2419692Y (en) * 2000-03-31 2001-02-14 连建设 Laminated fuel batteries
CN2476106Y (en) * 2001-05-11 2002-02-06 上海神力科技有限公司 Improved fuel battery
CN2674658Y (en) * 2003-12-29 2005-01-26 上海神力科技有限公司 Dual-fuel cell power system capable of parallelly operating

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