CN100504983C - 等离子体显示器的运动补偿上变换 - Google Patents

等离子体显示器的运动补偿上变换 Download PDF

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CN100504983C
CN100504983C CNB028031318A CN02803131A CN100504983C CN 100504983 C CN100504983 C CN 100504983C CN B028031318 A CNB028031318 A CN B028031318A CN 02803131 A CN02803131 A CN 02803131A CN 100504983 C CN100504983 C CN 100504983C
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CN1502097A (zh
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J·J·L·霍彭布罗维尔斯
R·范沃登伯格
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Samsung SDI Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明描述用于驱动等离子显示板(PDP)的方法，其中，与利用“自然运动(Natural Motion)”的阴极射线管(CRT)中的情况一样，通过上变换(最好变换到100Hz)、结合LSC子场分布，可以将模糊、双边缘等运动非自然信号减到最小。将来自两个图像的子场组组合起来以便形成用于显示图像的场。

Description

等离子体显示器的运动补偿上变换
技术领域
本发明涉及驱动等离子显示板的方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
接收一系列连续的原始图像；
将来自每一幅原始图像的信息分配到第一多个子场。
本发明还涉及用于驱动等离子体板显示器的装置并且涉及显示设备。
背景技术
等离子显示板(PDP)被广泛应用于平面式电视屏幕。这些显示板容易形成大型装置、自行发光、能够提供高的显示质量并且实现高的反应速度。为了在显示器上显示图像，使用所谓“子场驱动法”。以多个连续的称为“子场”的周期来显示一个图像帧。在一个子场期间发出一定量的光，所述光量取决于该子场的权重。每个子场具有不同的权重。通过控制特定的子场来实现图像像素的所需的亮度。由于人眼所具有的总合特性，人眼所看到的是在一场(也就是一幅图像)中使能的各子场的亮度总和。这样，利用8子场的子场驱动法最多可以显示28个半调亮度级。
困扰等离子体显示板的是若干种运动非自然信号(artifact)。其中一种运动非自然信号是“动态假轮廓(DFC)”。DFC可能会在亮度区别很小的面积较大的区域中产生。使用自适应子场分配可以有效地减小DFC非自然信号。其它运动非自然信号如“双边/色边”和“运动模糊”是由于电视场周期的第一子场和最后一个子场之间的巨大时间差引起的。为了避免这些非自然信号，通常选择显示一个中心峰值的子场分布。具有最高数值的子场通常放在一帧的中间。另一种变型是将子场按照递增的次序设置、使得所述各子场形成阶梯状。在CLEAR方法中就使用这种阶梯式变型。详情参阅T Tokunaga等人的“development of new driving method for AC-PDPs：High-Contrast，Low Energy Address and Reduction of False ContourSequence CLEAR”，Proceedings of the IDW’99，page 787(“开发一种新的AC-PDP用的驱动方法：高对比度、低能耗寻址和减小假轮廓序列”CLEAR，IDW’99会议论文集，787页)。使用CLEAR方法的分配实例示于图1A中。图1A中示出一种直方图，它表示在一个帧周期内各子场的分配。第一条(白色)表示所有的等离子单元启动。在启动期过后，所有单元都进入工作状态。其它各条表示在各连续的子场(SF1-SF8)期间等离子单元的亮度。在第一子场(SF1)期间，被激活的单元亮度(L1)最低。每一子场终结之后，那些应当失效的等离子单元被关断，而其它单元则仍然有效。在每一个帧周期，每个单元只能关断一次。这意味着利用额外的一个子场来建立一个额外的亮度级。在帧周期开始时的建立阶段，所有的单元都被激活一次。
如果用50Hz的帧频使用CLEAR子场分配方法会看到大面积的闪砾。根据B Salters等人的“Reduction of Large area flicker inplasma display panels，Proceedings of the SID 2001，page 1098，2001，San Jose”(减低等离子显示板的大面积闪烁，SID2001会议论文集，第1098页，2001年在美国加州圣何塞召开)，以及HKuriyama等人的“A 50Hz flicker reduction for PDP and evaluationsystem development，Proceedings of SID 2001，page 1102，2001，San Jose”(等离子显示板及其评估系统开发的50Hz闪烁的降减，SID2001会议论文集，第1098页，2001年在美国加州圣何塞召开)的论文，已经知道，这种大面积闪烁可以使用子场双峰分布的方法降减。但是这种子场分布可能会引起更多的运动非自然信号，如双边/色边或运动模糊等。
另外一种本身具有降减动态假轮廓的子场分布叫做LSC(有限子场编码)。这种方法在本申请人的先前的题目为“限制下一个更高亮度级的子场变化数目”的专利申请[PHNL010114EPP]中已有叙述。其主要思想是：对每一个正在增大的灰度级，只有数目有限的子场变化值，这样做的效果是减小了DFC运动非自然信号。
在阴极射线管(CRT)屏幕中，大面积闪烁和运动非自然信号已是众所周知的问题，这些非自然信号使用叫做“运动补偿上变换(MotionCompensated Upconversion)”的概念来弥补，这种方法也叫“自然运动(Natural Motion)”，见G de Haan的“Video Processing formultimedia systems”，University Press Eindhoven，ISBN 90-9014015-8(“多媒体系统的视频处理”，Eindhoven大学出版社，ISBN90-9014015-8)。在两个连续的原始图像之间插入额外的图像。用这种方法可以将显示频率加倍，例如从50Hz到100Hz。如果在视频图像序列中存在运动的话，则对插入的图像进行运动校正处理。
运动补偿也用于等离子显示板。在R van Dijk和T Holtslag的“Motion Compensation in Plasma Displays”，Proceedings of theIDW 1998，page543(“等离子体显示器中的运动补偿”，IDW会议论文集，1998年，543页)，从视频序列中提取的运动矢量被用来减少运动非自然信号。其基本原理是让所有子场沿运动方向偏移来保证肉眼能以正确的方式将所有子场总合。所述算法能够给出非常好的运动图像质量，但它的实现相当复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的就是提供在PDP显示器上显示运动图像的方法，这种方法可以使用相对简单的系统显示出运动非自然信号很少的图像。
本发明涉及驱动等离子显示板的方法，所述方法包括如下步骤：
接收一系列连续的原始图像；
将从每一幅原始图像所提取的信息分配到第一多个子场中；
其特征在于所述方法还包括如下步骤：
产生一系列新图像；
在每两个连续的原始图像之间插入所述一系列新图像中的一个新图像；
将从每一个新图像的场中提取的信息分配到第二多个子场中；
利用原始图像的第一组子场和新图像的第二组子场产生显示图像。
此外，本发明涉及用于驱动等离子显示板的装置，所述装置包括：
用于接收一系列连续的原始图像的装置；
用于将从每一个原始图像的场中提取的信息分配到第一多个子场的装置；
用于产生一序列新图像的装置；
用于在每两个连续的原始图像之间插入所述一系列新图像中的一个新图像的装置；
用于将从每一个新图像的场中提取的信息分配到第二多个子场中的装置；
利用原始图像的第一组子场和新图像的第二组子场来产生显示图像的装置。
本发明还涉及显示设备，它包括：
如上所述的装置；
用于显示图像的等离子显示板。
本发明的方法降低了大面积闪烁，同时减小了诸如模糊、双边缘等运动非自然信号。
附图说明
下面将参考附图来说明本发明。其目的仅在于说明本发明而非限制后附的权利要求书所限定的本发明的保护范围。
图1显示两种子场分布。
图2说明将两个图像的子场相组合的原理。
图3是本发明系统第一实施例的方框图。
图4是本发明系统第二实施例的方框图。
图5显示用以说明理论和实践的帧周期之间的定时差别的子场分布。
图6显示用以说明自动功率控制的影响的子场分布。
具体实施方式
参见图1a，与CLEAR方法只有一个阶梯不同，本发明提出了具有两个阶梯的子场分布。通过引入第二建立阶段来创建两个阶梯。利用这种称为“双阶梯分布”的分布法，就看不到大面积的闪烁。
图1b示出一种直方图，它表示一个帧周期内的子场分布。两条最高的(白色)条表示等离子单元的两次启动。而其它条表示在连续的子场(SF1-SF8)期间等离子单元的亮度。在第一子场(SF1)期间，被激活的单元具有最低的亮度(L1)。所述第5子场(SF5)代表第二亮度(L2)。所述第三子场(SF3)代表第三亮度(L3)，等等。
在本发明的实施例中，上面所讲的排序在子场SF4和SF8被改变，就是说，第4子场(SF4)代表最高亮度(L8)，而最后一个子场(SF8)表示第二高的亮度。用这种方法，子场SF1-SF4产生与子场SF5-SF8大致相同的光量。
当然，人眼将感受到高于L8的亮度，因为它总和一定时段内的亮度。实际上，图1b表示了在一场(周期)内人眼所能体验的最高灰度级别，即，利用所有子场。
本发明中，除了上述双阶梯分布之外，最好和带有“自然运动”的CRT(阴极射线管)中的情况一样，采用变换到100Hz的上变换。在20毫秒周期内不可能在PDP上显示出两幅完整的图像。这是因为目前的PDP需要用这段时间来对各单元寻址并且发光。因此，从两个图像之一提取的子场值将取决于所述子场在时间轴上的位置。
图2中说明子场的提取。视频信号原本每T毫秒包含图像1、2。在本发明中，新图像3被插入到原始图像1和2之间。新图像4被插入到原始图像2和其后继原始图像(这里没有显示)之间。这意味着视频信号的频率以倍数2增大。利用已经用于CRT中的先有技术装置对新图像3、4进行运动补偿。在一个场周期内将显示一幅图像。为了到PDP上显示图像，使用子场方法，例如将一场分为8个子场。使用例如LSC分布或先有技术的CLEAR方法将所有图像转换成子场数据，但所述思想可以用于任何子场分布。
在一个实施例中，原始图像1将被转换成子场编码8，而新图像3将被转换成子场编码10。(注：当然，不是一帧图像中的所有像素都具有相同的灰度级，因而每个像素的编码各不相同)
下一步就是将来自原始图像1的子场与来自原始图像3的子场组合起来。如图2所示，4个子场SF1-SF4来自原始图像1而4个子场SF5-SF8则来自新图像3。通过上述措施，可以减少由双阶梯分布所产生的运动非自然信号。
在这种方法中，某些子场数据被抛弃。原始图像1的子场组SF5-SF8和新图像3的子场组SF1-SF4就不再被使用了。
如果图像序列是不运动的，那么，原始图像1和2就会完全一样。这意味着图像3也会一样。按照上述方法抽取子场，结果灰度级(参见分布16)将会与原始图像(参见分布8)的灰度级完全一样。因此，在静止图像情况下将没有非自然信号发生。
图3是本发明设备的第一实施例的方块图。所述设备、例如电视机包括主机和显示板。主机和显示板两者都包括处理模块。显示板(即实际的屏幕)从主机的调谐器接收红绿蓝(RGB)信号。
借助帧频变换器22对交织的YUV输入数据20进行去交织和上变换。现有若干市场上买得到的模块，参见G.De Haan，“VideoProcessing for multimedia systems”University Press Eindhoven，ISBN 90-9014015-8(“多媒体系统的视频处理”Eindhoven大学出版社)
输出信号是逐行扫描的(progressive)100Hz视频流24。所述视频流24具有标准的YUV格式。它被YUV变换器26转换到100Hz RGB信号28。所述100Hz RGB信号从主机被传送到显示板，这用虚线表示。下一步是由视频处理器30执行的咖玛/FS(gamma/FloyedSteinberg)混色。所述视频处理器30的输出信号是经过处理的100Hz逐行扫描RGB信号32。接下来由子场产生模块34产生子场。在所述子场产生模块中还完成从图2所示的两幅图像1、3提取子场的操作。结果RGB子场数据36被用来驱动PDP 38，所述PDP38将显示人眼42观看的图像40。
所述实施例的优点是在主机中而不是在显示板上进行运动估计和上变换。这个特点很有吸引力，因为目前的电视机已经内置了供去交织用的模块。
图4中显示本发明的设备的第二实施例的方框图。借助帧频变换器52对交织的YUV输入信号50进行去交织。在帧频变换器52中，从两幅连续的原始图像、利用先有技术的运动估计处理算法计算出运动矢量53。与图3不同，所述模块中不做上变换。其输出信号是逐行扫描的50Hz视频流54。所述视频流具有YUV格式。它被YUV变换器56转换为50Hz的RGB信号58。所述50Hz的RGB信号58从主机被输送到显示板，这用虚线表示。下一个步骤是由视频处理器60进行的咖玛/FS混色。视频处理器60的输出是经过处理的逐行扫描的50Hz RGB信号62。接下来由上变换/子场产生模块64完成子场产生操作。此时执行上变换，通过利用从帧频变换器52接收到的运动矢量53把新图像插入在两帧原始图像之间。在上变换/子场产生模块64中还进行从两幅图像1、3中抽取子场，如图2所示。结果RGB子场数据66被用来驱动PDP 68，所述PDP 68将显示人眼72观看的图像70。
与上述实施例比较，本实施例的优点是所有的处理都是在50Hz频率下进行。
上述发明可以应用于例如个人计算机、电视机等设备中的等离子显示板(PDP)、等离子体方寻址液晶屏(PALCs)、液晶显示器(LCDs)、聚合体发光二极管(PLED)、电致发光(EL)器件。
图5a和图5b示出理论(图5a)和实际情况(图5b)的定时差别。在理论的情况下，由不同图像产生的两个子场峰值之间的时间差(如10ms)等于半个视频场周期(即1/2×20ms)。这个时间差可以是具有最高值的子场之间的差别，或者是两个峰值的第一子场之间的差别。然而，最佳的定时差别取决于子场分布。通常在帧周期的中点(50Hz频率下就是10ms之后)计算上变换后的新图像。如果子场使用整个场周期，则这近似等于具有第二峰值(由上变换图像产生)的第一子场的时间。在所述情况下原始图像和上变换后的图像之间的时间差是标准的。图5b表示实际情况。在也可以显示60Hz的配置中，8个子场仅仅使用了16.667ms。在所述情况下两个峰值之间的时间差小于10ms(即8.3ms)。在这种时间差下，运动非自然信号应该得到矫正。
关于这种定时的另外一个注意点是“自动功率控制”，这意味着当图像负载超过一定值之后，保持脉冲的数目减少。这种情况由图6表示。由于保持时间的减小，子场的起始点就要移动。最好的办法是让第二阶梯的第一子场的起始点固定在某一个时刻(最好等于半帧时刻)。
虽然已结合最佳实施例描述了本发明，但是，显然，在以上概述的原理的范围内对本发明的修改，对于本专业的技术人员来说是显而易见的。所以本发明不应该被这些最佳实施例所限制，而应该包括根据上面所述原理所作出的修改。行和列也可以互换。本发明可以应用于其中使用子场方式的显示装置。本发明也可以通过包括若干不同元件的硬件以及通过适当编程的计算机来实现。

Claims (11)

1.一种驱动等离子显示板的方法，所述方法包括以下步骤：
接收一序列连续的原始图像；
将从每一个原始图像提取的信息分布到第一多个子场；
其特征在于所述方法还包括以下步骤：
产生一序列新图像；
在每两个连续的原始图像之间插入所述一序列新图像中的一个新图像；
将从每一个新图像的场提取的信息分配到第二多个子场中；
利用原始图像的第一组子场和新图像的第二组子场来产生显示图像。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：利用根据在前和/或随后的原始图像计算出来的运动矢量来产生每一个新图像。
3.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：每一个新图像都是在帧频变换器中产生的。
4.如权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于：所述新图像是在子场产生模块中产生的。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：在各场中各子场是根据“有限子场编码”分布来分布的，所述LSC分布的特点是对于每一个递增的亮度级，只有有限数目的子场改变值。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所述第一组子场构成所述原始图像场的前半部分，而所述第二组子场构成所述新图像场的后半部分。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于：所使用的子场分布在每一帧周期使用至少一个启动周期，以及对于每一个递增的灰度级使用一个额外的子场。
8.一种用于驱动等离子显示板的装置，所述装置包括：
用于接收一序列连续的原始图像的装置；
用于将从每一个原始图像的场提取的信息分配到第一多个子场的装置；
用于产生一序列新图像的装置；
用于在每两个连续的原始图像之间插入所述一序列新图像中一个新图像的装置；
用于将从每一个新图像的场所提取的信息分配到第二多个子场的装置；
利用原始图像的第一组子场和新图像的第二组子场来产生显示图像的装置。
9.如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于还包括：
帧频变换器，用以对输入数据进行去交织和上变换，所述帧频变换器产生逐行扫描视频流；
YUV变换器，用以将所述逐行扫描视频流转换成RGB信号；
视频处理器，用以对RGB信号进行视频处理，产生处理后的逐行扫描RGB信号；
子场产生模块，用以从所述处理后的逐行扫描RGB信号产生子场和提取子场，然后产生供所述PDP模块使用的所述显示图像。
10.如权利要求8所述的装置，其特征在于还包括：
帧频变换器，用以将输入数据去交织并估计运动矢量，所述帧频变换器产生逐行扫描视频流；
YUV变换器，用以将所述逐行扫描视频流转换成RGB信号；
视频处理器，用以对所述RGB信号进行视频处理，产生处理后的逐行扫描RGB信号；
上变换/子场产生模块，用以对所述处理后的逐行扫描RGB信号进行上变换并且从所述处理后的逐行扫描RGB信号产生子场，然后为所述PDP模块产生显示图像。
11.一种显示设备，它包括：
权利要求8中定义的装置；
用以显出显示图像的等离子体显示模块。
CNB028031318A 2001-07-30 2002-06-26 等离子体显示器的运动补偿上变换 Expired - Fee Related CN100504983C (zh)

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