CN100455304C - 复方金荞麦制剂 - Google Patents
复方金荞麦制剂 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
复方金荞麦制剂,关键是复方金荞麦制剂是由中草药金荞麦、岩白菜和绞股蓝的提取物组成。金荞麦粉的提取方法是:取金荞麦根茎、洗净切片晒干,在丙酮-水溶剂中,室温浸泡2-7天,对提取液减压回收丙酮,浓缩过滤除去沉淀物,用乙醚∶醋酸乙酯∶正丁醇萃取,以D100大孔吸附树脂为填料,用浓度不同的乙醇作为洗脱剂,分别将醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取液分离,收集洗脱液、静置24小时、105℃烘干即可。本制剂有益气养阴、清热解毒、活血化瘀、祛痰止咳的功效;具有癌化学预防作用及抗癌活性,更重要的是它能有效的治疗肺癌。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种复方金荞麦制剂的中药技术。
背景技术
金荞麦是我国南方常用的中草药,尤其以云南曲靖产的金荞麦疗效最佳,主要有清肺排痰、清热解毒、排脓消肿、祛风化湿、收敛、止血、抗菌等功效。但服用单一的金荞麦制剂,常致服用者产生便秘,从而引发由便秘带来的其它症状,同时对呼吸系统疾病,如止咳的功效较差,导致金荞麦对肿瘤疗效不能正常发挥。岩白菜是中药中最常用的止咳平喘用药;绞股蓝是以清热解毒、增强免疫力的中药品种。目前,以三味药中的任一种与其它药配制成的复方制剂均有,如申请号为“91107258,名称为一种止咳药急支糖浆的制备方法”就是一种以金荞麦、鱼腥草、四季青、……等共十一味药配制而成的复方制剂;著名的止咳药岩白菜素片也是一种以岩白菜素为主药的复方制剂;而此三味药中单一成药的技术有“治疗气管炎、肺脓疡的金荞麦片”、“一种金荞麦制剂的制备方法”及“一种绞股蓝浓缩液的制备方法”等专利申请技术;绞股蓝又是常用于泡水喝的清凉饮料;而以此三味药组成的复方制剂目前还没有。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是把金荞麦、岩白菜、绞股蓝经纯化提取制成精粉,按中药的组成要求配制成复方金荞麦制剂,克服单一金荞麦对呼吸系统疾病、肿瘤等疗效的不足,如止咳疗效的不足,产生便秘的问题。
解决上述技术问题的具体方案如下:
复方金荞麦制剂是由中草药金荞麦、岩白菜和绞股蓝的提取物组成。
更具体的方案是复方金荞麦制剂的组成是按提取物重量百分比计:金荞麦35-65%,岩白菜16-35%、绞股蓝16-35%。
三种药的提取工艺均按通常的丙酮或乙醇为溶剂提取或水煎提取,具体操作下面分别给出。
金荞麦提取物的制备方法是把洗净切片晒干的金荞麦根茎,置入45-60%的丙酮-水溶剂中,室温浸泡2-7天,提取液在50℃下减压回收丙酮,浓缩静止24小时,待叶绿素、蜡质物等沉淀析出,过滤除去沉淀物,用乙醚∶醋酸乙酯∶正丁醇为2∶1∶1萃取,分离萃取液,以D100大孔吸附树脂为填料,用20%-95%间的至少四个浓度不同的乙醇作为洗脱剂,分别将醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取液分离,收集洗脱液、静置24小时、105℃烘干,即得到提取率不少于8.3%的褐红色无定形金荞麦提取粉末。
岩白菜素有效成分的提取:取湖南产矮地茶粗粉为原料药材,加不少于药材重6倍量水煎煮1小时,重复3次,趁热过滤,水煎液合并,常压浓缩,得粘稠状流浸膏。将此浸膏倒入足以溶解所得浸膏量的乙醇,开始时沉淀物呈粘稠块状,搅拌成疏松的类似颗粒状沉淀,如此反复溶浸3次,过滤,合并浸出液,加浓氨水调节PH9-10,有棕色沉淀,(糅质等杂质)析出,过滤,沉淀物用乙醇洗涤。洗液与滤液合并,减压浓缩,得棕色浸膏,加水稀释至流体状,溶解、过滤,置容器中,搅拌加速混合;室温放置24小时,有类白色结晶析出,滤取,滤液放置,续有结晶析出,反复4-5次,。将粗结晶合并,溶于乙醇中,用1%活性炭脱色,放置得白色结晶即是岩白菜素提取物。
绞股蓝有效成分的提取方法:把干燥好的药材粉碎,以60%乙醇渗透,渗漉液除去乙醇后经D100大孔吸附树脂,以25-70%乙醇水溶液洗脱,得粗皂苷,经硅胶柱层析(氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脱,收集15-60%甲醇部分),得5个部位,前3个中性极性部位分别以反向硅胶柱(ODS)进一步分离(甲醇水溶液10%-85%梯度洗脱)及羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶(SephadxLH-20)(洗脱剂为甲醇)纯化,即可。
将按上述方法分别提取的本制剂的各组成部分,按方案中给定的配方比例取量,混合均匀,即得到复方金荞麦制剂。具有益气养阴、清热解毒、活血化瘀、祛痰止咳的功效,具有癌化学预防作用及抗癌活性,能有效的治疗肺癌,具有抗脂质过氧化作用、增强免疫功能及抗肿瘤作用,用于治疗呼吸道感染、支气管炎、肺脓肿疡、肺癌及各种肿瘤,并能缓解放疗、化疗的副作用。
本发明的优点是组方简单,配方以金荞麦为主药,配以岩白菜素、绞股兰等中药,从药物动力学得出,比同类的单方制剂更容易吸收、分布、代谢,疗效增强,毒副作用小。充分发挥了金荞麦的活性成分在药物中的抗脂质过氧化作用;抗炎抗过敏作用;抑菌杀虫作用;对毒素、重金属中毒的解毒作用;对致癌的、诱癌的、促癌剂的抑制作用;提高免疫功能,增强抗癌活性;抗生殖器疱疹病毒作用;抗人类免疫缺陷病毒(HIV)作用。组方中的岩白菜增加了对呼吸系统疾病的疗效,如止咳效果明显提高,对主药金荞麦起到了支持药效的作用。组方中的绞股兰特有的清热解毒作用,避免了因服用单一金荞麦产生的便秘,促进了对肿瘤的治疗作用,起到了补充前二药不足之处。这样,金荞麦复方制剂有益气养阴、清热解毒、活血化瘀、祛痰止咳、防止服药引起的便秘的功效;具有癌化学预防作用及抗癌活性,更重要的是它能有效的治疗肺癌,具有抗脂质过氧化作用,增强免疫功能及抗肿瘤作用。在提取取中,用本发明提供的百分比例范围配制的丙酮-水为提取溶剂,金荞麦有效成分的得率高达8.3%。且丙酮沸点低,易于回收,特别是与鞣质无溶剂化作用,使提取物的纯度高,质量好。
具体实施方式
实施例1,按重量秤取49分金荞麦提取物,26分岩白菜提取物,25分绞股兰提取物,各种提取物均为干粉,混合均匀。再装成胶囊或加粘合物制成片剂等剂型均可。服用时成人每天三次,每次120mg,一般以60天为一个疗程。
实施例2,按重量秤取60分金荞麦提取物,18分岩白菜提取物,22分绞股兰提取物,各种提取物均为干粉,混合均匀。剂型和服用方式与实施例1同。
实施例3,按重量秤取40分金荞麦提取物,23分岩白菜提取物,27分绞股兰提取物,各种提取物均为干粉,混合均匀。剂型和服用方法与实施例1同。
实施例4,取金荞麦根茎、洗净切片晒干,以20Kg为例,将切片入45-60%的丙酮-水溶剂中浸没,室温浸泡2-7天,提取液在50℃下减压回收丙酮,浓缩静止24小时,待叶绿素、蜡质物等沉淀析出,过滤除去沉淀物,用乙醚∶醋酸乙酯∶正丁醇为2∶1∶1萃取,分离萃取液,因其有效成分存在于醋酸乙酯、正丁醇部分。故以D100大孔吸附树脂为填料,用20%、40%、60%、75%、95%等不同浓度的水-乙醇作为洗脱剂,依次从低浓度到高浓度的顺序,分别将醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取液分离,收集洗脱液、静置24小时、105℃烘干,即得到褐红色无定形的金荞麦提取粉末。
取湖南产矮地茶粗粉20Kg,加不少于60Kg重量水,煎煮1小时,重复3次,趁热过滤,水煎液合并,常压浓缩,得粘稠状流浸膏(?)Kg。将此浸膏倒入2L乙醇,开始时沉淀物呈粘稠块状,用手稍捏搓,则呈疏松的类似颗粒状沉淀,如此反复溶浸3次,过滤,合并浸出液,加浓氨水调节PH9-10,有棕色沉淀,(糅质等杂质)析出,过滤,沉淀用少量乙醇洗涤。洗液与滤液合并,减压浓缩,得棕色浸膏,加水稀释至约1L,溶解、过滤,置锥形瓶中,用玻璃棒摩擦瓶内壁,室温放置24小时,有类白色结晶析出,滤取,滤液放置,续有结晶析出,反复4-5次,。将粗结晶合并,溶于乙醇中,用1%活性炭脱色,放置得白色结晶。
取干燥绞股蓝药材2Kg粉碎,以60%乙醇10Kg渗透,渗漉液除去乙醇后经D100大孔吸附树脂,以25-70%乙醇水溶液10Kg洗脱,得粗皂苷80克,经硅胶柱层析(氯仿-甲醇梯度洗脱,收集15-60%甲醇部分),得5个部位,前3个中性极性部位分别以反向硅胶柱(ODS)进一步分离(甲醇水溶液10%-85%梯度洗脱)及羟丙基葡聚糖凝胶(SephadxLH-20)(洗脱剂为甲醇)纯化,即得提取的粉末。
Claims (2)
1、一种治疗呼吸道感染、支气管炎、肺脓肿疡的复方金荞麦制剂,其特征在于由中草药原料金荞麦、岩白菜和胶股蓝制成,所述制剂的组成按提取物重量百分比计:金荞麦35-65%,岩白菜16-35%,绞股蓝16-35%。
2、根据权利要求1所述的一种治疗呼吸道感染、支气管炎、肺脓肿疡的复方金荞麦制剂,其特征在于金荞麦粉的提取方法是把洗净切片晒干的金荞麦根茎,置入45-60%的丙酮-水溶剂中,室温浸泡2-7天,提取液在50℃下减压回收丙酮,浓缩静止24小时,待叶绿素、蜡质物等沉淀析出,过滤除去沉淀物,用乙醚∶醋酸乙酯∶正丁醇为2∶1∶1萃取,分离萃取液,以D100大孔吸附树脂为填料,用20%——95%间的至少四个浓度不同的乙醇作为洗脱剂,分别将醋酸乙酯、正丁醇萃取液分离,收集洗脱液、静置24小时、105℃烘干,即可。
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