CN100447967C - 半导体器件的制造方法 - Google Patents

半导体器件的制造方法 Download PDF

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CN100447967C
CN100447967C CNB2004100617737A CN200410061773A CN100447967C CN 100447967 C CN100447967 C CN 100447967C CN B2004100617737 A CNB2004100617737 A CN B2004100617737A CN 200410061773 A CN200410061773 A CN 200410061773A CN 100447967 C CN100447967 C CN 100447967C
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白石哲
风间洋一
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Shinko Electric Industries Co Ltd
Shinko Electric Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种制造半导体器件(10)的方法,该方法通过将密封部件(13)粘接到其上安装有半导体元件(11)的基片(12)上,包括如下步骤:在密封部件(13)中形成开口(25);以及在将密封部件(13)粘接到基片(12)上之后封闭开口(25)。

Description

半导体器件的制造方法
技术领域
本发明一般地涉及半导体器件的制造方法,更具体地说,涉及包括通过在其上安装半导体元件的基片上提供密封部件而密封半导体器件的步骤的半导体器件制造方法。
背景技术
最近,随着信息通信技术的迅速进步和发展,信息通信速度的提高和数据通信量的增加已经实现,并且,其中结合诸如CCD(电荷耦合器件)图像传感器和CMOS图像传感器的半导体器件(成像装置)的移动电子装置越来越流行,如移动电话和笔记本电脑。这样的移动电子装置除了字符数据之外还能实时地传输由成像装置获得的图像数据(例如,参照日本特许公开专利申请第2002-185827号)。
图1A表示这种传统的成像装置100。如图1A所示,成像装置100通常包括光学传感器元件1、基片2和支架5。光学传感器元件1举例来说是CCD图像传感器或CMOS图像传感器。光学传感器元件1安装在基片2上。
支架5提供有用来把图像聚焦在光学传感器元件1的受光表面上的透镜6。支架5是用粘合剂4固定到基片2上。因此,光学传感器元件1被密封支架5中形成的内部空间7中。因此,可能防止灰尘附着到光学传感器元件1的成像表面上。
参照图1A和2A至2C,下面对具有上述结构的成像装置100的制造方法进行描述。
为了制造图1A所示的成像装置100,首先,如图2A所示,把光学传感器元件1安装在基片2上。虽然在图中未表示,但是光学传感器元件1被电连接到基片2上,例如,采用金丝。
然后,如图2B所示,使用分散器(dispenser)3将粘合剂4沉积在基片2的顶面上的预定部分。粘合剂4的沉积位置设置成对应于支架5的底部的底端形状。通常,提供良好的粘接和实现可靠的粘接的热固性树脂被用作粘合剂4。
在粘合剂4的沉积过程完成之时,如图2C所示,支架5在粘合剂4的沉积位置处压在基片2上,以便把支架5临时固定到基片2上。然后,支架5临时固定在其上的基片2被装进固化装置并且进行固化步骤(加热步骤),以使粘合剂4固化。结果,粘合剂4被固化,并且支架5被粘接到基片2上。
采用上述的制造步骤,图1A所示的成像装置100被制造出来。由于光学传感器元件1如前所述被支架5密封,所以防止灰尘等附着到光学传感器元件1上是可能的。
在使用粘合剂4将支架5临时固定到基片4上的状态中,在基片2和支架5之间形成的内部空间7是气密的。当固化步骤在这样的状态中进行的时候,内部空间7中的空气被加热而且膨胀,从而导致内部空间7中的空气压力增加。因此,在支架5的内部和外部之间产生压差(空气压力的差异)。
如前所述,在传统的半导体器件的制造方法中,固化步骤是在由支架5和基片2形成的内部空间7被密封的状态下完成的。因此,如图1B所示,存在这样一个问题,即由于支架5(内部空间7)中空气压力的增加可能在基片2和支架5之间的粘接部分产生损伤部分8,即使在粘合剂4已固化的情况下,由支架5和基片2形成的内部空间7的气密性也不能维持。在这种情况下,灰尘可能经由损坏部分8进入内部空间7而且附着到光学传感器元件1上,从而使成像装置100的可靠性降低。
发明内容
本发明的一般目的是提供一种其中消除一个或多个上述问题的改进的和有用的半导体器件制造方法。
本发明的另一个更具体的目的是提供一种即使密封部件中的压力由于加热而升高也能抑制产生损坏部分的半导体器件制造方法。
为了实现上述目的,依照本发明的一个方面,提供一种半导体器件制造方法,其中半导体器件是通过将密封部件粘接到其上安装半导体元件的基片上实现密封的,该制造方法包括下述步骤:
在密封部件上形成开口;以及
在其中形成有开口的密封部件被粘接到基片上之后封闭开口,从而密封半导体器件。
依照本发明,为了密封半导体器件,在密封部件上形成的开口是在密封部件被粘接到基片上之后封闭的。因此,即使加热步骤在将密封部件粘接到基片上之后完成,密封部件中的空气也能与密封部件外面的空气连通(更具体地,在密封部件和基片所形成的空间中的空气能与在密封部件和基片外面的空气连通)。因此,在密封部件形成的空间的内部和外部之间(更具体地,在密封部件和基片所形成的空间中的压力和在密封部件和基片所形成的空间外部的空气压力之间)不产生压差。因此,防止密封部件和基片之间的粘接部分损坏和维持该空间的气密性是可能的。
在本发明的实施方式中,封闭开口的步骤可以在半导体元件、基片和密封部件的加热步骤结束之后完成。
因此,由于开口是在各个部件加热步骤结束之后封闭的,所以可靠地避免密封部件的内部和外部之间的压差是可能的。
在本发明的实施方式中,封闭开口的步骤可以通过使用粘合剂而完成。此外,粘合剂可以是紫外线固化型树脂或瞬时粘合剂。
在采用紫外线固化型粘合剂的情况下,紫外线固化型粘合剂通过照射紫外光在很短的时间周期内固化。另一方面,在采用瞬时粘合剂的情况下,瞬时粘合剂在很短的时间周期内在空气中固化。从而,在很短的时间周期内封闭开口是可能的。因此,在粘合剂固化所需的的时间周期内避免由密封部件中的压力变化引起的失败粘接是可能的。
在本发明的实施方式中,半导体元件可能是光电转换元件。
通过使用光电转换元件作为半导体元件,进行良好的光电转换步骤是可能的。即,虽然光电转换元件易受灰尘附着的伤害,但是依照本发明,由于维持密封部件和基片所形成的空间的气密状态是可能的,所以灰尘不进入密封部件和基片所形成的空间。因此,灰尘不附着到光电转换元件上,使用该光电转换元件进行好的光电转换是可能的。
依照本发明,即使加热步骤是在密封部件被粘接到基片上之后完成的,在密封部件和基片之间形成的空间中的空气也能与在密封部件和基片所形成的空间外部的空气连通。因此,在该空间的内部和外部之间不产生压差。因此,防止密封部件和基片之间的粘接部分损坏和维持该空间的气密性是可能的。因此,提高半导体器件的可靠性是可能的。
当结合下面的附图一起阅读的时候,本发明的其它目的、特征和利益将从下面的详细描述变得更加明显。
附图说明
图1A是用来解释传统的半导体器件的制造方法的示意图;
图1B是表示在图1A所示的半导体器件中产生损坏部分的状态的示意图;
图2A、2B和2C是用来解释图1A所示的传统的半导体器件的制造方法的示意图;
图3A、3B和3C是用来解释依照本发明的一个实施方式的半导体器件制造方法的示意图;
图4A和4B是用来解释依照本发明的实施方式的半导体器件制造方法的附加示意图;和
图5是表示依照本发明的实施方式的制造方法制造的半导体器件(成像装置)的示意图。
具体实施方式
下面将参照附图对本发明的优选实施方式进行描述。图3A至3C、4A和4B用来解释依照本发明的一个实施方式的半导体器件制造方法。图5表示通过依照本发明的实施方式的制造方法制造的半导体器件(成像装置)10。
应该注意,在这个实施方式中,通过在成像装置10中结合诸如CCD(电荷耦合器件)传感器或CMOS传感器之类的半导体元件(在下文中称之为“光学传感器元件11”)作为半导体器件而进行描述。
首先,为了便于解释,先解释成像装置10的结构,然后,解释成像装置10的制造方法。
如图5所示,成像装置10通常包括光学传感器元件11、基片12和作为密封部件的支架13。
如上所述,光学传感器元件11是诸如CCD图像传感器或CMOS图像传感器之类的半导体元件。光学传感器元件11安装在基片12上。更具体地,控制元件14安装在基片12上,而光学传感器元件11安装在控制元件14上。
控制元件14进行光学传感器元件11的驱动控制。因此,光学传感器元件11借助金属丝15连接到控制元件14上。此外,控制元件14借助金属丝17电连接到基片12上。此外,诸如电容器之类的无源元件16也安装在基片12上。
例如,支架13包括透镜支座20、壳体21和聚光镜22。支架13被制成圆筒形的形状并且在其中提供有聚光镜22。聚光镜22在支架13安装在基片12上的状态下起相对于光学传感器元件11的受光表面聚焦图像的作用。在聚光镜22的顶面上也提供用来剪除不想要的光线的孔23。
盖玻璃24在支架13的顶部提供,它面对聚光器透镜22。盖玻璃24是用于灰尘控制的盖子并防止灰尘附着到聚光镜22上。
壳体21包括小直径部分21a和大直径部分21b。肩部21c在小直径部分21a和大直径部分21b之间形成。外螺纹部分在小直径部分21a的外缘上形成,而内螺纹部分在透镜支座20的内边缘上形成。
即,透镜支座20配置成借助螺纹拧到壳体21的小直径部分21a上。在透镜支座20被拧到壳体21上的状态下,透镜支座20和壳体21形成气密的边界。
大直径部分21b的底部借助粘合剂28被固定到基片12上。因此,在基片12和支架13之间形成的内部空间27是气密的。因此,防止灰尘附着到位于内部空间27中的光学传感器元件11上是可能的。
涉及在小直径部分21a和大直径部分21b之间形成的肩部21c,在这个实施方式中,通气孔(开口)25在肩部21c中形成,而且通气孔25用粘合剂28封闭。
接下来,参照图3A到3C、4A和4B,在下文中描述具有上述结构的成像装置10的制造方法。应该注意,在图3A到3C、4A和4B中,只举例说明图5表示结构的一部份,为的是容易理解这种制造方法。
为了制造图5所示的成像装置10,首先,如图3A所示,将光学传感器元件11安装在基片12上。虽然在图中没有表示,但是在这个步骤中,安装无源元件16,并且也进行金属丝15和17的粘接步骤。
然后,如图3B所示,使用分散器29将粘合剂28沉积在基片12的顶面上的预定位置。粘合剂29的沉积位置设置成对应于支架13的底部的形状(更具体地,大直径部分21b的底部的形状)。一般地说,提供良好的粘接而且实现可靠的粘接的热固性树脂被用作粘合剂28。
在完成粘合剂28的沉积步骤时,如图3C所示,在粘合剂28的沉积位置,支架13的底部被压到基片12上。以上述的方式,支架13被临时固定到基片12上。然后,在其上临时固定支架13的基片12被装进固化装置并且进行固化步骤(加热步骤),以使粘合剂28固化。
结果,粘合剂28被固化,而且支架13被粘接到基片12上。在这样的状态下,在基片12和支架13之间形成的内部空间27与位于其中的光学传感器元件11一起被密封。
图4A表示在固化步骤期间的基片12和支架13。通过进行固化步骤,在内部空间27里面的空气被加热而且膨胀。然而,在这个实施方式中通气孔(开口)25在支架13中形成。因此,内部空间25经由通气孔25与支架13的外部连通。
因此,即使在基片12和支架13之间形成的内部空间27中的空气被加热和膨胀,空气也能经由通气孔25排放到支架13的外部(这样的气流在图4A中用箭头A表示)。即,内部空间27的压力变成与支架13外部的压力相同,在固化步骤期间在支架13的内部和外部之间不产生压差(气压差)。因此,防止基片12和支架13之间的粘接部分(更具体地,借助粘合剂28粘接在一起的部分)在固化步骤期间受损害是可能的。
在完成用来把支架13粘接到基片12上的固化步骤(加热步骤)时,随后进行封闭通气孔25的步骤。用来封闭通气孔25的步骤在基片12和支架13的温度返回到正常温度之后进行。
当除了用来把支架13粘接到基片12上的固化步骤之外还存在用来对光学传感器元件11、基片12和支架13加热的其它加热步骤的时候,在完成这些其它的加热步骤之后进行封闭通气孔25的步骤。
在这个实施方式中,粘合剂28被用在用来封闭通气孔25的步骤中。粘合剂28是紫外线固化型粘合剂。通过先用处于软化状态的粘合剂28填充通气孔25再用紫外光照射通气孔25,粘合剂28在很短的时间周期内固化。
通过使用紫外线固化型粘合剂28,如同在这个实施方式中,可以借助紫外光的照射在很短的时间周期内使粘合剂28固化。可以想象,由于内部空间27的温度在粘合剂28固化必需的时间周期内因紫外光的照射有所增加,所以支架13(内部空间27)中的压力可能改变。然而,由于在这个实施方式中提供通气孔25,所以支架13中的压力在粘合剂28固化必需的时间周期内不改变。因此,可能避免失败的粘接。
粘合剂28不局限于紫外线固化型,而是可以使用能在很短的时间周期内在空气中固化的瞬时粘合剂作为代替。
通过按上述的方式封闭通气孔25,内部空间27与支架13的外部分开,而光学传感器元件11位于密封的内部空间27之中。因为通气孔25在成像装置10的制造步骤中进行的加热步骤完成之后封闭,所以在其中具有光学传感器元件11的内部空间27被密封之后,在支架13的内部和外部之间没有产生压差。
因此,可以防止基片12和支架13之间的粘接部分被破坏并维持内部空间27的气密状态。因此,可以可靠地避免灰尘附着在光学传感器元件11上。
在这个实施方式中使用的光学传感器元件11(例如,CCD传感器或CMOS传感器)易受灰尘附着的伤害。依照这个实施方式,由于可以可靠地避免灰尘从外部进入,所以可以通过光学传感器元件11进行良好的光电转换步骤并提高成像装置10的可靠性。
此外,在上述的实施方式中,只形成单一的通气孔(开口)25。然而,通气孔25的数目不局限于一个。此外,在上述的实施方式中,通气孔25在支架13(壳体21)的肩部21c上提供。然而,这不是对通气孔25的位置限制。通气孔25可以在大直径部分21b或基片12上形成。
依照本发明,即使在支架13(密封部件)被粘接到基片12上之后进行固化步骤(加热步骤),在支架13和基片12之间形成的内部空间27中的空气也与支架13外部的空气连通。因此,在支架13(内部空间27)的内部和外部之间不产生压差。因此,可以防止支架13和基片12之间的粘接部分被破坏并维持内部空间27的气密性。因此,可以提高半导体器件(成像装置)10的可靠性。
本发明不局限于这些被具体公开的实施方式,而是在不脱离本发明的范围的情况下可以进行各种变化和修改。

Claims (3)

1.一种半导体器件的制造方法,其中通过将密封部件粘接到其上安装有半导体元件的基片上而密封所述半导体器件,所述制造方法的特征在于包括下述步骤:
在密封部件中形成开口;以及
在其中形成有开口的密封部件被粘接到基片上之后封闭开口,从而密封半导体器件,
其中所述封闭开口的步骤是通过使用处于软化状态的粘合剂填充开口并使该粘合剂固化进行的,所述粘合剂是紫外线固化型粘合剂或瞬时粘合剂。
2.根据权利要求1的制造方法,其中所述封闭开口的步骤在半导体元件、基片和密封部件的加热步骤结束之后进行。
3.根据权利要求1或2的制造方法,其中所述半导体元件是光电转换元件。
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