CN100400443C - Method of biomass resources circulating utilization - Google Patents
Method of biomass resources circulating utilization Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100400443C CN100400443C CNB2006100518891A CN200610051889A CN100400443C CN 100400443 C CN100400443 C CN 100400443C CN B2006100518891 A CNB2006100518891 A CN B2006100518891A CN 200610051889 A CN200610051889 A CN 200610051889A CN 100400443 C CN100400443 C CN 100400443C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- biomass
- methane
- fuel cell
- waste material
- energy
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 116
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 110
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 66
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 38
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003011 anion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 49
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 claims description 14
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 8
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 claims description 8
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000009305 arable farming Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 150000001720 carbohydrates Chemical class 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002255 enzymatic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N carbonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.OC(O)=O JYYOBHFYCIDXHH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006056 electrooxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003750 conditioning effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003630 growth substance Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010815 organic waste Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 44
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000003009 desulfurizing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 19
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 14
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 8
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 7
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Carbonate Chemical compound [O-]C([O-])=O BVKZGUZCCUSVTD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 5
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003925 fat Substances 0.000 description 4
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 4
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 4
- 239000010970 precious metal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007772 electrode material Substances 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-] XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- 230000008520 organization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 240000005979 Hordeum vulgare Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007340 Hordeum vulgare Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- PRPAGESBURMWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[F] Chemical group [C].[F] PRPAGESBURMWTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001412 amines Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001447 ferric ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910001448 ferrous ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000005431 greenhouse gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000011221 initial treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003014 ion exchange membrane Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 description 2
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 1
- 244000144730 Amygdalus persica Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910017398 Au—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 101100433727 Caenorhabditis elegans got-1.2 gene Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 244000050510 Cunninghamia lanceolata Species 0.000 description 1
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 102000018997 Growth Hormone Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010051696 Growth Hormone Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 241000220225 Malus Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011430 Malus pumila Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000015103 Malus silvestris Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910018098 Ni-Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018100 Ni-Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018529 Ni—Si Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910018532 Ni—Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001252 Pd alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000006040 Prunus persica var persica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910002845 Pt–Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910002846 Pt–Sn Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000220324 Pyrus Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000007868 Raney catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000564 Raney nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000192023 Sarcina Species 0.000 description 1
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940037003 alum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010923 batch production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005842 biochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052800 carbon group element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004113 cell culture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003034 coal gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003588 decontaminative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005684 electric field Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000021050 feed intake Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 1
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N gibberellin A3 Chemical class C([C@@]1(O)C(=C)C[C@@]2(C1)[C@H]1C(O)=O)C[C@H]2[C@]2(C=C[C@@H]3O)[C@H]1[C@]3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-OBDJNFEBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 210000004907 gland Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000021384 green leafy vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000122 growth hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N iodine Chemical compound II PNDPGZBMCMUPRI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005342 ion exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012982 microporous membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003607 modifier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000021017 pears Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003375 plant hormone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000923 precious metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006722 reduction reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012857 repacking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010944 silver (metal) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 229920002554 vinyl polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003752 zinc compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W10/00—Technologies for wastewater treatment
- Y02W10/20—Sludge processing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a biomass waste material comprehensive utilization technology which aims at providing a method for the circulation and the utilization of the resource recovery of biomass. The method comprises that biomass waste materials are decomposed in a classification fermenting tank; gases, solids and liquids are separated, and methane gases with hydrogen and methane are conveyed into a desulfurizing device to be desulfurized; the desulfurized methane gases are conveyed into an anion exchange membrane fuel cell, the negative pole end generates carbon dioxide, and the carbon dioxide and methane liquids which are obtained through the separation are conveyed into a soilless culture facility; the fuel cell is used as an electricity supply source of a manual light source; methane slag which is obtained by the separation is dried and opsonized in a nutrient way, and culture substrates or organic fertilizers are obtained to be used as crop culture substrate materials. In the process of the conversion from biomass waste materials to energy sources and nuisance free crops, waste materials generated in the process of the preceding stage are used as raw materials of the process of the rear stage, and a resource circulation energy source system with no waste and high efficiency of the resource utilization is formed. The environment pollution is eliminated, and simultaneously, the energy is obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of biomass comprehensive utilization of waste material technology, more particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of biomass as resources cyclic utilization method.
Background technology
The utilization of biomass waste material has a lot of concrete application facet, the recovery energy and the recycling of total reduced biomass waste material.Wherein the recovery energy of biomass waste material is the main flow of studying both at home and abroad, and the recycling of biomass waste material does not also form scale.
(1) recovery energy of biomass waste material
Aspect biomass energyization utilizes, the biomass waste material is obtained biogas through anaerobically fermenting, the biogas power generation technology that then biogas is changed into electric energy and heat energy has become representational research direction.The technology of marsh gas power generation is broadly divided into two big classes: a kind of is to obtain electric energy by the gaseous combustion generator, and another kind is to utilize fuel cell to obtain electric energy and heat energy.
Japan bright electric house company adopts micro turbine generator in calendar year 2001, has produced the small-sized methane generator of 30KW.Under the subsidy of New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization, Marubeni utilized and has developed biogas engine (730KW) under the subsidy of New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (NEDO) in 2002.At kyoto, Japan Luonan decontamination center, the power generation system of the 990KW that constitutes by two coal gas engines (495KWx2) that has just completed, 800 cubic metres of daily output biogas, these all belong to the first kind.
From 2003, under the support of Japanese NEDO, ebara corporatlon utilized Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, successfully used biogas through refining, and generated electricity behind the water vapour upgrading in 2003.Capacity is 190KW, and generating efficiency is 33%, and integrated heat efficiency reaches 76%.The Sweden scientist
Deng the people also successfully developed with biogas be fuel pass through water vapour upgrading, generating capacity 4KW, the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of thermal capacity 6.5KW (PEMFC) system.
Same under the subsidy of New Energy and Industrial Technology Development Organization (2003-2005), Marubeni and Kirin company cooperation research and development utilize biogas to descend 4% for the molten carbonate fuel cell system (250KW) of fuel makes power consumption, steam consumption reduces 1%.Waste heat recovery steam 175kg/h.There are not objectionable impuritiess discharge, CO such as NOx, SOx, coal dust
2Quantity discharged descends 2%.Integrated heat efficiency reaches more than 72% (generating efficiency more than 47%, waste heat recovery efficient more than 25%).With Fukuoka city water drain office utilize biogas for the molten carbonate fuel cell system (250KW) of fuel also in the process of carrying out.
Germany FEL company also Preliminary development developed the production technology of biogas fuel battery, but present fuel cell cost is very high, the development cost of the biogas fuel battery of 3KW reaches about 450,000 Euros.For this reason, they begin to carry out the further development of biogas fuel battery, and series of process technological line such as the purifying by biogas, generating, rectification, charging is finished the development of fuel cell.
It is the high temperature novel battery of fuel that U.S. scientist designs with hydrocarbon polymers such as methane, and it is the conventional fuel cell of fuel that its cost is significantly less than with hydrogen.It is fuel that the scientific research personnel once attempted with cheap hydrocarbon polymer, but the residue that chemical reaction produces is easy to cause opening circuit on the anode of the nickel system that accumulates in.
The research that China carries out the marsh gas power generation field starts from early eighties, and national marsh gas power generation amount was 1,055 in 1998,160kWh.During this period, successively there are some scientific research institutions to carry out the repacking of methane fuelled engine and the research work that improves the thermo-efficiency aspect.The methane fuelled engine of China is mainly two classes, i.e. double fuel formula and clean burn formula.At present, more to the research and development of " biogas one diesel oil " dual-fuel engine.As the common S195-1 type dual-fuel engine of developing of Chinese agricultural machinery research institute and Xinhua internal-combustion engine plant, Mianyang, Sichuan, the 20/27G double fuel machine of the new medium power machine in Shanghai factory development etc.Weifang Diesel Engine Plant is developed the 6160A-3 type clean burn formula methane fuelled engine that power is 120kW, Guizhou Diesel Engine Plant and sichuan agriculture mechanical investigations develop 6135AD (Q) the type clean burn methane fuelled engine generating set of 60kW jointly.In addition, also have some mechanisms such as Chongqing, Shanghai, Nantong to carry out research, the development work of this respect.We can say that the research work of China aspect marsh gas power generation at present mainly concentrates on oil engine series, also fuel cell technology is not attached on the biogas technology.
The fuel cell technology present situation of China, the Dalian Chemistry and Physics Institute is from nineteen ninety, carried out proton exchange model fuel cell (PEMFC), fused carbonate type fuel cell (MCFC), the research of Solid Oxide Fuel Cell (SOFC) and regenerated hydrogen oxygen fuel cell (RFC).Succeeded in developing 100W200W, 1000W and 5000W PEMFC series of cells are being carried out 30kW PEMFC, kW level MCFC, the development of hectowatt grade SOFC and RFC.The national high-tech research evolutionary operation(EVOP) of bearing (" 863 " plan) the great special project of electromobile " fuel battery engines " problem and " modular design of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells and the experimental study of novel MEA " problem have been passed through the onsite acceptance of " 863 " plan energy technology field office tissue.Shenli Science and Technology Co Ltd, Shanghai has successively finished and has comprised that country's 95 emphasis programs for tackling key problems in science and technology, ten five " 863 " plan 7 state key scientific research tasks of great special project, Shanghai City key research project etc., developed the fuel cell product of 5 series, set up a complete set of middle low power (0.1KW-30KW) and the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of high-power (30KW-150KW) and the ability and the facility of power system, the integrated manufacturing technology of fuel battery engines and batch process thereof, had the ability of production in enormous quantities.
In sum, utilize the generation technology of biogas to carry out the transition to fuel cell from turbo-generator in the world.Adopt pyritous Solid Oxide Fuel Cell technology, or be the current research main flow adopting the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells technology behind the biogas upgrading.The marsh gas power generation of high-temperature fuel cell is applicable to large-scale application such as refuse landfill, is difficult to accomplish miniaturization, and maintaining is difficulty comparatively, needs the long-time continuous running.If will select the normal temperature fuel cell,, just must carry out upgrading, and the upgrading temperature usually also will be at 800 ℃ to main component methane in the biogas as Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFC).And the methane modifier not only needs the extra energy and reduces resource utilization, and complex structure, and control is complicated, causes the complicated of whole fuel cell system, and electrode materials is platinum, and application will be subjected to the restriction of resource.Though China has obtained very big progress aspect PEMFC, in the research and development of biogas fuel battery, also belong to untapped field.Especially utilize the technology of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, also belong to the field that awaits developing in the world.Because it does not resemble the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells must be electrode materials with noble metal platinum, available base metal material such as nickel-base material are electrode materials, the cost of anion-exchange membrane is also well below proton exchange membrane, the material selectivity of double electrode plate is also very wide, thereby anion-exchange membrane fuel cells has more application prospect than Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
(2) recycling of biomass waste material
Aspect the recycling of biomass waste material, up to the present also do not form certain research direction, one of maximum purposes is as fertilizer.The natural pond liquid that is produced simultaneously for biomass energyization normally is used as fertilizer or feed, but utilizes degree very low.Carbonic acid gas then is not add utilization, makes emptying process.The efficient utilization of the biomass waste material that the present invention proposes is meant not only that aspect the biomass waste material recovery energy higher effciency of energy transfer being arranged the implication of the high-efficiency resource recycling of biomass waste material is also arranged.Efficient biomass waste resource recovery of the present invention mainly lays particular emphasis on by to agrotechnical improvement, the waste (natural pond liquid, carbonic acid gas) that is produced behind the biomass waste material energy is carried out recycling treatment, thereby finish the recycling of biomass waste material.And this process mainly realizes by the soilless culture mode.
Cultivation technique without soil is commonly referred to as by artificial culture liquid, the cultivation technique that natural light or artificial light carry out.Nineteen fifty-seven is born in Si Tengsen farm, Greater, Copenhagen, Northern Europe Denmark capital, and what first hand plant factor produced in the world is a kind of leaf vegetables that eats something rare, and needs 6 day time from being seeded into average of results.Japan creek Song Guangdian company experiment showed, if can gather in the crops in 3 months with the rice shoot employing laser cultivation of 2.5 leaf ages.Usually the leaf age of the used rice shoot of land for growing field crops rice transplanting mostly is 5-6, if use this rice shoot, can shorten the vegetative period of paddy rice, can realize ripe farming in 1 year 5.The U.S. has built one " sapling factory " at the Sheng Bola of Lip river China fir alum recently, and this factory has begun to have gone out many nursery stocks from cell culture one by one, can hold the 50-100 strain in the so big container of lunch box.The novel method of a kind of factory culture fruit tree has been invented by Britain Da Leikade industrialized agriculture engineering corporation.Every fruit tree branch can be used the 2-3 stubble, can receive 3-5 time in 1 year.At present set up the experiment production line with the branch of apple, pears, peach.Holland built up 1.1 hundred million square metres glasshouse (account for 0.5% of national land area, account for whole world glasshouse area 1/4) be specifically designed to planting vegetable and fresh flower.In Brazil, Pi Aoweisen has created tomato factory, and his research trial proves that tomato can produce fruit after 60 days, and the life-span reaches 12 months, and preservation period is nearly 2 times of common tomato.India produces the barley young crops with soilless culture in recent years and makes feed, and they broadcast one one of barley in vinyl disc, are placed on the support, and young crops can be gathered in after 9 days, and its quality is good, cost is low, the cycle is short.
The cultivation technique without soil of China starts from the eighties, the great scientific and technological industrialization engineering of country---efficient industrial agricultural demonstration project, organized and implemented over 5 years since 1996, a collection of scientific and technological demonstration area, engineering demonstration area and radiation demonstration area have been set up, the soilless culture area reaches 480,000 square metres, and vegetable crop improves more than 5 times than general routine.No matter be that economic, ecological, social benefit is considerable.
Research and the technology that energy and resource utilization with the biomass waste material proposed by the invention develop simultaneously also do not appear at present both at home and abroad, the research and technology that has only independent biomass energyization or biomass as resources is handled the biomass waste material but also can not accomplish not have discharging ground.For example, the biogas fuel cell power generation technology of biogas and fuel cell associating is utilized synthetic technology that the soil cultivation technology of natural pond liquid combines or the like, the soilless culture research of natural pond liquid also occurred utilizing.With biogas technology, fuel cell technology and cultivation technique without soil three join together to form the no emission treatment that complex art is realized the biomass waste material, and are used to not appear in the newspapers as yet as the technology of resource from the carbonic acid gas of fuel battery.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome deficiency of the prior art, a kind of biomass as resources cyclic utilization method is provided.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
The biomass as resources cyclic utilization method may further comprise the steps among the present invention:
(1) in the staged fermentation pond, the biomass waste material is decomposed into biogas, natural pond liquid and the solid residue that comprises hydrogen and methane;
(2) carrying out gas-solid liquid separates, and the biogas that will comprise hydrogen and methane is sent into desulfurizer and is carried out desulfurization, biogas after the desulfurization is admitted to the negative pole end of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, discharge electric energy and heat energy by the electrochemical oxidation reactions that in fuel cell, carries out, produce carbonic acid gas and water at negative pole end simultaneously;
(3) the natural pond liquid that the rapid carbon dioxide that generates of previous step and separation are obtained is sent into the soilless culture facility, respectively as the growth substance and the nutritive medium of plant growth; , depend on photosynthesis to grow necessary illumination is provided as the power supply of source of artificial light source with fuel cell for satisfying crop;
(4) the natural pond slag that separation is obtained carries out drying and nutrient conditioning, obtains cultivating matrix or organic fertilizer and is used for the arable farming substrate material.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described biomass waste material step of decomposition is comprised:
(1) is undissolved organic compound and polymkeric substance soluble organism by enzymatic conversion method by hydrolysis, transforms and obtain carbohydrate, protein, fat and pure;
(2) utilize hydrogenogens that previous step is transformed the carbohydrate, protein, fat and the alcohol fermentation that obtain and be organic acid and hydrogen;
(3) utilize methanogen that organic acid is carried out metabolism and produce methane.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, described processing to the natural pond slag also comprises the step of the natural pond slag being sent into the tablets press granulating and forming.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, also comprise described soilless culture facility is carried out the step that the organic waste in the arable farming process is handled as the biomass waste material again.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, before described biomass waste material is decomposed, comprise the injection groove of the biomass waste material being sent into fermentation equipment, send into the step in staged fermentation pond again.
As a kind of improvement of the present invention, comprise that also the heat energy that fuel cell reaction is discharged is used for the heat exchange of accumulation of heat hydrophone, the hot water of accumulation of heat hydrophone is delivered to the water temperature in staged fermentation pond and is reconciled case, is used to control the step of the leavening temperature of biomass waste material.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
Be converted to aspect the chemical energy in biomass energy, the present invention has adopted the regulation and control of organism enzymatic liquefaction product first, has produced sour hydrogenogens enrichment, has produced matrix regulation and control of hydrogen residue and methanogen method for screening, the grade (fuel value) that makes the biomass waste material transform biogas is promoted, and forms the innovation waste of organic matter biogas technology that obtains the gas mixture of methane and hydrogen by biomass waste material anaerobically fermenting.Aspect fuel cell,, utilize the anion-exchange membrane fuel cells of biogas to yet there are no report though some units are also arranged both at home and abroad in the research anion-exchange membrane fuel cells.The present invention utilizes the material selectivity of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells wide, and the characteristics that can work at normal temperatures and pressures will reduce fuel cell manufacturing cost and running cost significantly again, helps popularizing of fuel cell technology.Aspect the biomass waste resource recovery, the present invention utilizes carbonic acid gas and natural pond liquid to promote that the method for plant growth also is a kind of innovative technology when proposing.
Change in the process of the energy and nuisanceless crop at this biomass waste material, the waste that is produced in the prime process is as the raw material of back level process, constituted no waste, high-level efficiency is utilized the resources circulation energy system of resource, obtain energy when eliminating environmental pollution to reach, when reducing greenhouse gas emission, the High-efficient Production nuisance free crops is saved valuable arable land resource.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the schema of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is a staged fermentation schema among the embodiment;
Fig. 3 is an anion-exchange membrane fuel cells system flowchart among the embodiment;
Fig. 4 is a desulfurizer structural representation among the embodiment;
Fig. 5 is a soilless culture facility structure synoptic diagram among the embodiment.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
The system of biomass as resources recycle in the specific embodiment, comprise fermentation equipment, fuel cell 1 and soilless culture facility 2, described fermentation equipment comprises continuous injection groove 3 and staged fermentation pond 4, the residual liquid discharge mouth in staged fermentation pond 4 links to each other with soilless culture facility 2, and the residue discharge outlet in staged fermentation pond 4 links to each other with a tablets press 5; Described fuel cell 1 is an anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, and its negative pole end links to each other with the discharge of methane mouth with the hydrogen in staged fermentation pond 4 by a desulfurizer 6, and its Carbon emission mouth links to each other with soilless culture facility 2; Fuel cell 1 is connected to it with described soilless culture facility 2 illuminating power is provided.
The structure in staged fermentation pond 4 is: in the middle of the staged fermentation pond central dividing plate is set, is divided into up and down and produces the hydrogen proving room and produce the methane fermentation chamber; Produce and to be provided with respectively in hydrogen proving room and the product methane fermentation chamber that filtering layer separates solid phase with the liquid phase fermented product and to link to each other with separately natural pond liquid storage vessel respectively.
The structure of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells is: anion-exchange membrane fuel cells is by the negative pole of hydrogen and methane gas generation electrochemical oxidation, and the positive pole of anion-exchange membrane and air or oxygen generation electrochemical reducting reaction is formed; Connect product hydrogen proving room and produce the negative pole inlet mouth of the intake ducting access anion-exchange membrane fuel cells of methane fermentation chamber, connect the negative pole venting port that soilless culture facility 2 continuous gas exhaust ducts are received anion-exchange membrane fuel cells; The negative pole end of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells is provided with the venting port of fuel air mouth and carbonic acid gas and water vapour, and positive terminal is provided with the inlet mouth and the exhaust port of air or oxygen.
The biomass as resources cyclic utilization method may further comprise the steps in the present embodiment:
(1) in staged fermentation pond 4, the biomass waste material is decomposed into biogas, natural pond liquid and the solid residue that comprises hydrogen and methane;
(2) carrying out gas-solid liquid separates, and the biogas that will comprise hydrogen and methane is sent into desulfurizer 6 and is carried out desulfurization, biogas after the desulfurization is admitted to the negative pole end of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, discharge electric energy and heat energy by the electrochemical oxidation reactions that in fuel cell 1, carries out, produce carbonic acid gas and water at negative pole end simultaneously;
(3) the natural pond liquid that the rapid carbon dioxide that generates of previous step and separation are obtained is sent into soilless culture facility 2, respectively as the growth substance and the nutritive medium of plant growth; , depend on photosynthesis to grow necessary illumination is provided as the power supply of source of artificial light source with fuel cell 1 for satisfying crop;
(4) the natural pond slag that separation is obtained carries out drying and nutrient conditioning, obtains cultivating matrix or organic fertilizer and is used for the arable farming substrate material.
Biomass waste material step of decomposition is comprised:
(1) be undissolved organic compound and polymkeric substance soluble organism by enzymatic conversion method by hydrolysis;
(2) utilize hydrogenogens that previous step is transformed the carbohydrate, protein, fats and the alcohol fermentation that obtain and be organic acid and hydrogen;
(3) utilize methanogen that organic acid is carried out metabolism and produce methane.
To the processing of natural pond slag also comprise with the natural pond slag send into tablets press granulation 5 moulding step, described soilless culture facility 5 is carried out the step that the organic waste in the arable farming process is handled as the biomass waste material again.
Before described biomass waste material is decomposed, comprise the injection groove 3 of the biomass waste material being sent into fermentation equipment, send into the step in staged fermentation pond 4 again.
The heat energy that fuel cell 1 reaction discharges can be used for the heat exchange of accumulation of heat hydrophone 7, and the hot water of accumulation of heat hydrophone 7 is delivered to the water temperature in staged fermentation pond 4 and reconciled case 8, is used to control the step of the leavening temperature of biomass waste material.
The present invention comprises following three processes:
The energy technology of biomass waste material: the fermentative processing by the biomass waste material makes biomass energy be converted into the chemical energy of methane and hydrogen, relies on novel anaerobion and biochemical reaction process, improves methane and the content (high combustion value) of hydrogen in biogas.Biogas is carried out desulfurization handle, carry out the research and development of the biogas airing system that matches with fuel cell, maximally utilise biomass energy, maximum efficiency biomass energy is converted into chemical energy to reach.
Efficient energy conversion technology: change and change biogas (principal constituent is a methane) into from biomass energy, obtain the conventional energy conversion regime of heat energy then by burning, employing changes biogas (principal constituent is methane and hydrogen) into by biomass energy, is changed into the technology of the efficient energy conversion mode of electric energy and heat energy again by fuel cell.Mainly around being fuel with methane-hydrogen gas mixture, ion-exchange membrane fuel cell is the center to this technology cheaply, is converted into electric energy and heat energy with realizing the biomass energy maximum efficiency.
The resource technology of biomass waste material energy after product: by improving existing agrotechnique, with the changing rejected material to useful resource that is produced behind the biomass waste material energy, to biomass waste material energy after product such as natural pond liquid, carbonic acid gas utilizes, do not discharge thereby there is waste when being implemented in biomass waste material energy, can obtain non-harmful farm crop or high biomass energy plant simultaneously again.
Integrated modern industrial engineering technology of the present invention and agricultural high-tech, innovation biomass energy transformation technology, fuel cell technology and agriculture cultivation technology are improved with integrated, form one novel, relate to the basis of the efficient biomass comprehensive utilization of waste material of environmental ecology and energy resource system technology.Set up the ecological and energy resource system model of environment-friendly an of the following stated: with biomass waste material such as stalk, excrement of animals, organic domestic wastes etc. are raw material, produce the biogas that contains methane and hydrogen by anaerobically fermenting, the anion-exchange membrane fuel cells that is introduced into development of novel behind the biogas desulfurization is generated electricity, and this fuel cell 1 will be discharged carbonic acid gas in power supply and heat supply.Then introducing factory's formula plant growing facility from the natural pond liquid of methane-generating pit with from the carbonic acid gas of fuel cell, utilize the agriculture cultivation technology of development of novel to produce high biomass energy plant or pollution-free vegetable expeditiously, realize simultaneously total system in biomass waste disposal process, do not have the discharging target.
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
With the feces of livestock and poultry treatment system of producing 29 cubes of biogas daily is example:
(1) system forms: system is made up of the staged fermentation pond 4 of 5 tons of primary treatment feces of livestock and poultry, the anion-exchange membrane fuel cells system of day processing biogas 29 cubical desulfurizers 6,2 kW, the tablets press 5 of day handling carbonic acid gas 17.5 cubical soilless culture facilities 2 and 1.71 tons of natural pond slags of primary treatment.By hot water from fuel cell 1 system, the fermentation vat working temperature is controlled at 40-60 ℃, the working temperature of fuel cell 1 is controlled at 40-100 ℃.
In staged fermentation pond 1, produce the technology of hydrogen and methane by the biomass waste material stage, utilize hydrogenogens earlier, make biomass waste material fermentation and hydrogen production at product hydrogen proving room, after extracting a part of hydrogen follow-up fermentation is carried out in fermented product injection product methane fermentation chamber, utilize methanogen to obtain methane, thereby obtain hydrogen and methane blended fuel gas.
(2) fermenting process: make the fermentation of biomass waste material by anaerobion, through following 3 primary processes,
● by cellulose-decomposing bacterium, hemicellulose decomposer, protein decomposing bacteria, steatolysis bacterium undissolved organic compound and polymkeric substance being hydrolyzed, is soluble organism by enzymatic conversion method.
● product that previous step is changed into such as carbohydrate, protein, fats, alcohol etc. utilize acid-producing bacteria such as acetic acid bacteria again, people such as the Ren Nanqi of Harbin Institute of Technology [Ren Nanqi, Lin Ming, Ma Xiping, Wang Aijie, Li Jianzheng, solar energy journal, Vol.25, No.1 (2003) 80-84] B49 of report, H1, hydrogenogenss such as LM12) fermenting is organic acid and hydrogen.
● isolate organic acid matrix (comprising bacterial classifications such as cellulose-decomposing bacterium, hemicellulose decomposer, protein decomposing bacteria, steatolysis bacterium and acetic acid bacteria) behind the hydrogen by methanogen (as sarcina methanica, the methane trichobacteria, general archeobacteria, the gland archeobacteria, methagen) metabolism generation methane gas.
(3) zymotechnique:, provide the matrix condition of optimization for producing hydrogen by the biomass liquefying regulation and control; Then, regulate and control (temperature, pH, H by the physical environment of fermentation
2Dividing potential drop etc.) and dominant bacteria add, form the condition of rich hydrogen producing; Simultaneously, for improving the overall organism vaporization rate of biosystem, can also with the living environment of mediation methanogen and hydrogenogens, and realize the gradient of organic substrate, the efficient utilization by the VFA dependent form of regulation and control methanogen floras and the ratio of hydrogen dependent form population.
In the present embodiment, the process of biomass ferment is as follows:
In the stepwise fermentation pond 2 that a volume is 8 cubic meters, to form by the hydrogen fermentation of prime product and back level product methane fermentation two portions, relevant step is as follows:
1, feed intake 5 tons of feces of livestock and poultry and 1 ton the water and the bacterial classification (the natural pond liquid that perhaps contains acid-producing bacteria and hydrogenogens) of acid-producing bacteria and hydrogenogens produce hydrogen fermentation portion in prime and ferment.
2, after fermentation is carried out 2 months (when perhaps methane tank gas production is not enough) got 1 ton of natural pond liquid and placed natural pond liquid storage vessel.Remaining part is admitted to the back level and produces methane fermentation portion, adds methanogen (the natural pond liquid that perhaps contains acid-producing bacteria and methanogen).
3, produce hydrogen fermentation portion in prime, the natural pond liquid in dropping into 5 tons of feces of livestock and poultry and being stored in natural pond liquid storage vessel mixes, and generation hydrogen continues to ferment.Level is produced in the fermenting process of methane fermentation portion in the back, and hydrogenogens will be eliminated naturally, and carries out follow-up fermentation by methanogen, produces methane.
When 4, the methane gas producing rate of producing methane fermentation when back level is lower than air feed and needs, get 1 ton of natural pond liquid and place natural pond liquid storage vessel, all the other natural pond liquid are admitted to soilless culture facility 5, and the natural pond slag can be made into substrate material by drying.Then prime is produced the fermented product of hydrogen fermentation portion and send into back level product methane fermentation portion, repeat third step again.Thereby constitute the biogas that continuous production contains hydrogen-methane.
(4) anion-exchange membrane fuel cells: with methane-hydrogen gas mixture is fuel, generates electricity by anion-exchange membrane fuel cells.The cell reaction of this fuel cell by
CH
4+ 2O
2=CO
2+ 2H
2O, electromotive force are 1.06V, and 2H
2+ O
2=2H
2O, electromotive force are 1.23V, and two portions are formed.Be by methane in the biogas, the classification cathode oxidation reaction of hydrogen:
CH
4+ 8OH
-=CO
2+ 6H
2O+8e electropotential-0.658V
4H
2+ 8OH
-=8H
2O+8e electropotential-0.828V
Anode reduction reaction with oxygen in the air:
2O
2+ 4H
2O+8e=8OH
-Electropotential 0.401V
Form, hydroxide ion is the electric charge moving body.The theoretical effciency of energy transfer of methane can reach 92%, exceeds nearly 9 percentage points than 83% of PEMFC.Because hydroxide ion is the same with proton at normal temperatures, has higher ionic conductivity, methane and the hydrogen molecule reactive behavior in alkaline medium will be higher than the reactive behavior in acidic medium, the overpotential of electrochemical reaction also can reduce, thereby this fuel cell 1 is the same with Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells can work at normal temperatures, and needn't carry out upgrading, thereby can improve the efficient of fuel cell system to methane.Because it is ionogen that this fuel cell adopts the hydroxide ion exchange membrane, lean on to be hydroxide radical form weak the combination with ion-exchange group in the dielectric film, migration takes place under effect of electric field and finish ionic conduction, there is not free alkali, just can avoid forming carbonate, be fuel cell performance and the life-span deterioration problem that ionogen that electrolytical general alkaline fuel cell had and electrode cause because of carbonate deposition with regard to there not being to adopt alkali lye also.
The catalyzer of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells can be that precious metal also can be a non-precious metal catalyst.Precious metal has Pt, and Pd, Au or precious metal alloys be as Pt-Ni, Pd-Ni, and precious metal such as Au-Ni and other are crossed the binary or the multicomponent alloy of metallizing or other metals, also can be by the method for mechanical alloy or mechanically mixing, the modulation mixed catalyst).Carbon in carbon group element and the methane can form weak covalent bonding, helps the branch desorption of methane molecule, and the most effective alloy is: Pt-Si, Pt-Ze, Pt-Sn and their multicomponent alloy.Ni-Si, Ni-Ze, the effect of Ni-Sn alloy is also good, Si, the addition of Ze and Sn can be from 1wt% to 30wt%, and wherein 5wt% is to the 15wt% best results.The electro catalytic activity that also can improve the nickel-base alloy catalyzer that replaces Ni with a part of Co.
This anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, adopting quaternary amine type anion-exchange membrane is ionogen, its polymer main chain can be the carbon heterocyclic structure, also can be carbon-fluorine chain.Wherein carbon-fluorine chain is that the quaternary amine type anion-exchange membrane of main chain has better chemical stability.
The 2kW anion-exchange membrane fuel cells of using in the present embodiment is connected in series by 100 monocells, 40 volts of voltages, and electric current 50 is pacified doubly, 200 square centimeters of electrode useful area, the monocell power density is 0.1W/cm
2
The biogas gas supply flow of hydrogeneous-methane should be between 5～15L/min, and optimum flow is 10～12 L/min.
Air for fuel cell 1 generating is to need the process humidification, and humidification temperature is between 40～100 ℃, and the best is 65～75 ℃.
Between the flow 50～150L/min of air, optimum flow is 100～120L/min.
The working temperature of fuel cell is between room temperature to 100 ℃, and is best at 55～75 ℃.
Desulfurization electrode in the present embodiment in the desulfurizer 6 is a porous Raney nickel catalyzator, and barrier film can be the waterproof microporous membrane, also can be anion-exchange membrane.Air electrode is Pt or Ag and Ni-based air electrode.Ferric chloride aqueous solutions concentration at 5wt% between the 30wt%.
Sweetening process is as follows:
1, the hydrogen sulfide in the biogas is dissolved in the ferric chloride aqueous solutions;
2, dissolved hydrogen sulfide and ferric ion generation oxidizing reaction form sulphur and ferrous ion;
3, ferrous ion and airborne oxygen generation electrochemical reaction generate ferric ion and water;
4, repeating step 1～3 process is finished the desulfurization of biogas.
(5) carbonic acid gas and natural pond liquid are handled:
The employing cultivation technique without soil will reach the natural pond liquid from staged fermentation pond 4 from the carbonic acid gas of negatively charged ion fuel cell negative pole, after the composition adjustment, import soilless culture facility 5, use is carried out artificial lighting from the electric power of fuel cell 1, pass through photosynthesis, again change these wastes into biomass energy, give off oxygen-rich air simultaneously.Utilize this invention can produce pollution-free vegetable, flowers and medicinal material or the like.Natural pond liquid has tangible strong sprout, and is disease-resistant, production-increasing function.Contain abundant nitrogen in the liquid of natural pond, phosphorus, various nutrient elements and each amino acid such as potassium, Plant hormones regulators,gibberellins, growth hormone etc., have various active, the resistance nutritive substance, natural pond liquid can effectively be regulated crop metabolism, strengthens photosynthesis, kill and suppress bacterium, promote crop disease-resistant, strong sprout, volume increase.CO
2Be photosynthetic raw material, CO
2Concentration strong to photosynthesis influence.CO during above compensation point and away from saturation point
2The increase of concentration must be accelerated photosynthetic intensity, increases the photosynthetic yield of farm crop, thereby accelerates plant-growth.Can be with this method by the composition adjustment of nutrient solution, cultivation contains the vegetables of special composition, fruit and medicinal material, flowers etc.
As by adding salt compounded of iodine, produce high iodine vegetables and fruit.By adding iron containing compounds, zinc compound is produced the vegetables and the fruit of rich iron and rich zinc.In the cultivating process of medicinal material, by adding supplementary component, to increase the use value of medicinal material.
Utilize this method to produce vegetables fruit medicinal material and flowers, can not be subjected to weather, the restriction in season, practicable strict quality control is to guarantee the quality and the output of product.The mode that its planting type can adopt multilayer to cultivate, thereby can save a large amount of arable lands.And the oxygen-rich air of discharging inserts the gas inlet end of fuel cell, also can be used for manually breeding fish waiting artificial breeding facility, raising output.
Change in the process of the energy and nuisanceless crop at this biomass waste material, the waste that is produced in the prime process is as the raw material of back level process, constituted no waste, high-level efficiency is utilized the resources circulation energy system of resource, obtain energy when eliminating environmental pollution to reach, when reducing greenhouse gas emission, the High-efficient Production nuisance free crops is saved valuable arable land resource.
At last, it is also to be noted that what more than enumerate only is specific embodiments of the invention.Obviously, the invention is not restricted to above examples of implementation, many distortion can also be arranged.All distortion that those of ordinary skill in the art can directly derive or associate from content disclosed by the invention all should be thought protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a biomass as resources cyclic utilization method is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) in the staged fermentation pond, the biomass waste material is decomposed into biogas, natural pond liquid and the solid residue that comprises hydrogen and methane;
(2) carrying out gas-solid liquid separates, and the biogas that will comprise hydrogen and methane is sent into desulfurizer and is carried out desulfurization, biogas after the desulfurization is admitted to the negative pole end of anion-exchange membrane fuel cells, discharge electric energy and heat energy by the electrochemical oxidation reactions that in fuel cell, carries out, produce carbonic acid gas and water at negative pole end simultaneously;
(3) the natural pond liquid that the rapid carbon dioxide that generates of previous step and separation are obtained is sent into the soilless culture facility, respectively as the growth substance and the nutritive medium of plant growth; , depend on photosynthesis to grow necessary illumination is provided as the power supply of source of artificial light source with fuel cell for satisfying crop;
(4) the natural pond slag that separation is obtained carries out drying and nutrient conditioning, the substrate material that obtains cultivating matrix or organic fertilizer and be used for arable farming.
2. biomass as resources cyclic utilization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described biomass waste material step of decomposition is comprised:
(1) is undissolved organic compound and polymkeric substance soluble organism by enzymatic conversion method by hydrolysis, obtains carbohydrate, protein, fat and pure;
(2) utilize hydrogenogens that previous step is transformed the carbohydrate, protein, fat and the alcohol fermentation that obtain and be organic acid and hydrogen;
(3) utilize methanogen that organic acid is carried out metabolism and produce methane.
3. biomass as resources cyclic utilization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, before described biomass waste material is decomposed, comprises the injection groove of the biomass waste material being sent into fermentation equipment, sends into the step in staged fermentation pond again.
4. biomass as resources cyclic utilization method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise that also the heat energy that fuel cell reaction is discharged is used for the heat exchange of accumulation of heat hydrophone, the hot water of accumulation of heat hydrophone is delivered to the water temperature in staged fermentation pond and is reconciled case, is used to control the step of the leavening temperature of biomass waste material.
5. biomass as resources cyclic utilization method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described processing to the natural pond slag also comprises the step of the natural pond slag being sent into the tablets press granulating and forming.
6. biomass as resources cyclic utilization method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, also comprises described soilless culture facility is carried out the step that the organic waste in the arable farming process is handled as the biomass waste material again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100518891A CN100400443C (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2006-06-09 | Method of biomass resources circulating utilization |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100518891A CN100400443C (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2006-06-09 | Method of biomass resources circulating utilization |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1868933A CN1868933A (en) | 2006-11-29 |
| CN100400443C true CN100400443C (en) | 2008-07-09 |
Family
ID=37442738
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2006100518891A Expired - Fee Related CN100400443C (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2006-06-09 | Method of biomass resources circulating utilization |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100400443C (en) |
Families Citing this family (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101012138B (en) * | 2006-12-04 | 2011-06-15 | 南昌大学 | Method for preparing compound trace element fertilizer by using waste zinc-manganese battery |
| CN101186536B (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2010-10-27 | 湖北蓝焰生态能源有限公司 | Micro-pore solid particle slow release fertilizer and preparation method thereof |
| CN101844144B (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2014-06-25 | 邱泽国 | Method and apparatus for totally-closed garbage emission and transmission atomization and comprehensive utilization |
| CN101830744B (en) * | 2010-05-18 | 2012-12-05 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for simultaneously producing electric fertilizer by mixing and continuous dry fermentation of raw materials with complementary characteristics |
| CN101905946B (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2011-09-21 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Three-stage methane preparation device and method by utilizing surplus sludge |
| CN102343356A (en) * | 2011-08-01 | 2012-02-08 | 济南宝华新能源技术有限公司 | Method for treating fresh biomass wastes and application of product therefrom |
| CN102533609B (en) * | 2012-01-31 | 2014-06-18 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Methane dry fermentation compound bacteria |
| WO2015015338A2 (en) * | 2013-07-27 | 2015-02-05 | Zeguo Qiu | A method for automatic classification separately collection and automatic transportation of solid waste |
| CN103706617A (en) * | 2013-12-18 | 2014-04-09 | 崔勇 | Organic waste hydrolysis reaction extraction device and organic waste hydrolysis reaction method |
| CN104012387A (en) * | 2014-01-21 | 2014-09-03 | 无锡思清源生物科技有限公司 | Organic composite substrate for oilseed rape tray-soilless seedling and preparation method thereof |
| CN105140547B (en) * | 2015-10-08 | 2017-03-15 | 吉林大学 | The circulating biogas two-way SOFC anode fuel feed systems of six tanks |
| CN106269799A (en) * | 2016-08-28 | 2017-01-04 | 北海生巴达生物科技有限公司 | A kind of method effectively utilizing biomass |
| US20180368343A1 (en) * | 2017-06-22 | 2018-12-27 | Greg O'Rourke | Sustainable Growing System and Method |
| CN108676818B (en) | 2018-05-18 | 2021-06-01 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Method for quickly converting organic waste into energy |
| CN110739472A (en) * | 2018-07-21 | 2020-01-31 | 毛强平 | remote power supply method and power supply system |
| CN109247230A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2019-01-22 | 高节义 | Facility of the building soilless cultivation in conjunction with jet dynamic control |
| CN117259383B (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2024-05-17 | 河南理工大学 | Organic solid waste treatment process |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000232892A (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-29 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Disposition of waste substance from a golf course |
| CN1428010A (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2003-07-02 | 株式会社荏原制作所 | Fuel cell power generation method and system |
-
2006
- 2006-06-09 CN CNB2006100518891A patent/CN100400443C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000232892A (en) * | 1999-02-15 | 2000-08-29 | Tokyo Gas Co Ltd | Disposition of waste substance from a golf course |
| CN1428010A (en) * | 2000-03-02 | 2003-07-02 | 株式会社荏原制作所 | Fuel cell power generation method and system |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 向您介绍：种养一体化的生态设施技术效益场. 刘炳强.浙江科技报. 2000 |
| 向您介绍：种养一体化的生态设施技术效益场. 刘炳强.浙江科技报. 2000 * |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN1868933A (en) | 2006-11-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN100400443C (en) | Method of biomass resources circulating utilization | |
| CN101914572B (en) | Energy utilization method of carbon dioxide zero-emission type organic waste | |
| CN101920258B (en) | Energy utilization system of organic wastes with zero emission of carbon dioxide | |
| CN101760432B (en) | Method for producing bioenergy through microalgae two-step method | |
| Liu et al. | States and challenges for high-value biohythane production from waste biomass by dark fermentation technology | |
| Verma et al. | Utility of duckweeds as source of biomass energy: a review | |
| Xia et al. | How do we optimize third‐generation algal biofuels? | |
| Sharma et al. | Emerging technologies for sustainable production of biohydrogen production from microalgae: A state-of-the-art review of upstream and downstream processes | |
| CN102337302A (en) | Method for biologically purifying marsh gas and recycling waste of marsh gas | |
| CN102583930A (en) | Livestock excrement biogas generation method and livestock excrement biogas generation system | |
| CN102559499A (en) | Preparation method of methane dry fermentation compound bacterial preparation | |
| CN105695310A (en) | Organic waste stepped-conversion and energy-generation system and method | |
| Bogdahn | Agriculture-independent, sustainable, fail-safe and efficient food production by autotrophic single-cell protein | |
| CN109626375A (en) | A kind of additive Mn magnetism charcoal and its preparation and the application in dark ferment for hydrogen production | |
| Patil et al. | Anaerobic co-digestion of water hyacinth with primary sludge | |
| CN102796656B (en) | System and method for generating power by using biomass | |
| CN202465466U (en) | Livestock excrement biogas power generating system | |
| CN100560236C (en) | The system that biomass as resources is recycling | |
| CN100550497C (en) | A kind of method that realizes the blue-green algae resource | |
| CN101445810A (en) | Method for preparing hydrogen by fermenting biologically pretreated straw | |
| JP2002276387A (en) | Biomass generation system and biomass generation method using it | |
| CN1446883A (en) | Method for preparing biology diesel oil by using fast pyrolysis of tiny alga | |
| CN202808788U (en) | System for generating power by using biomass | |
| CN102295968A (en) | High value utilization method of carbon dioxide in biogas | |
| CN110452932A (en) | Driven by Solar Energy biochemistry thermochemical study produces microalgae fuel process and system |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C17 | Cessation of patent right | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20080709 Termination date: 20120609 |