CN117259383B - Organic solid waste treatment process - Google Patents
Organic solid waste treatment process Download PDFInfo
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- CN117259383B CN117259383B CN202311416846.9A CN202311416846A CN117259383B CN 117259383 B CN117259383 B CN 117259383B CN 202311416846 A CN202311416846 A CN 202311416846A CN 117259383 B CN117259383 B CN 117259383B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 238000009270 solid waste treatment Methods 0.000 title claims description 15
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000009283 thermal hydrolysis Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 150000001767 cationic compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910001411 inorganic cation Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005191 phase separation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010612 desalination reaction Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCC1=CC=CC=C1S(O)(=O)=O WBIQQQGBSDOWNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002488 Hemicellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- -1 Na + Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940060296 dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021645 metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000696 methanogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011268 mixed slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005838 radical anions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/30—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless involving mechanical treatment
- B09B3/35—Shredding, crushing or cutting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/60—Biochemical treatment, e.g. by using enzymes
- B09B3/65—Anaerobic treatment
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
- B09B3/70—Chemical treatment, e.g. pH adjustment or oxidation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Toxicology (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a treatment process of organic solid waste. Consists of a pretreatment unit, a solid phase treatment unit and an inorganic cation treatment unit. Firstly, sorting and collecting impurities which are difficult to be thermally hydrolyzed and digested in organic solid waste, crushing the organic solid waste in a pretreatment unit, adding a proper amount of alkaline substances, stirring the mixture, performing low-temperature thermal hydrolysis treatment, separating the mixture into solid, liquid and grease through three-phase separation treatment, directly collecting the grease, drying the solid in a solid-phase treatment unit to prepare an organic fertilizer, mixing the liquid in an inorganic cation treatment unit with a proper amount of organic weak acid, separating the liquid into foam and desalted treatment liquid after foam separation treatment, directly concentrating the foam, and performing anaerobic fermentation on the desalted treatment liquid to generate methane. The invention uses the desalted post-treatment liquid for anaerobic fermentation, can obviously shorten anaerobic fermentation period, improve the stability of the system, and can simultaneously realize the reduction and recycling of organic solid waste.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of biomass energy, in particular to an organic solid waste treatment process.
Background
At present, common organic solid waste treatment modes include high-temperature incineration, sanitary landfill, aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation. Wherein, the high-temperature incineration causes secondary pollution to the environment and has high investment; the sanitary landfill has large occupied area and limited landfill amount; the aerobic composting treatment period is long, and the composting environment is poor; the anaerobic fermentation garbage is obviously reduced, and the product is clean renewable energy. Anaerobic fermentation in the common way of disposing of organic solid waste is therefore of great interest to researchers. However, the traditional anaerobic fermentation of the organic solid waste still uses solid-liquid mixed slurry for fermentation, and has the characteristics of long fermentation period, unbalanced production and consumption of volatile fatty acid, poor system stability, high salt content and the like, thereby preventing the reduction and recycling of the anaerobic fermentation of the organic solid waste.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the background art and provides an organic solid waste treatment process.
The invention solves the technical problems by the following technical proposal:
An organic solid waste treatment process comprises a pretreatment unit (1), a solid-phase treatment unit (2) and an inorganic cation treatment unit (3), wherein the pretreatment unit (1) comprises three parts of crushing (11), low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12) and three-phase separation (13), solids (21) in the solid-phase treatment unit (2) are dried to prepare an organic fertilizer (22), and the inorganic cation treatment unit (3) comprises five parts of liquid (31), organic weak acid (32), foam separation (33), foam (34) and desalted post-treatment liquid (35); the organic solid waste treatment process comprises the following specific steps,
Step 1: firstly, sorting (52) organic solid waste (51), sorting (52) impurities such as plastic bags, glass, stones and the like which are difficult to be thermally hydrolyzed and digested from the organic solid waste (51), collecting (53), and enabling the rest substances to enter a pretreatment unit (1);
Step 2: after the organic solid waste (51) enters the pretreatment unit (1), firstly, crushing (11) the organic solid waste, secondly, adding a proper amount of alkaline substances (54) into the crushed (11) treated organic solid waste (51), stirring the mixture, then, carrying out low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12) treatment, and finally, carrying out three-phase separation (13) treatment to separate the organic solid waste (51) into solid (21), liquid (31) and grease (55);
Step 3: the solid (21) treated by the three-phase separation (13) is dried in the solid-phase treatment unit (2) and then is used for manufacturing the organic fertilizer (22);
Step 4: the liquid (31) treated by the three-phase separation (13) is firstly added with a proper amount of organic weak acid (32), is separated into foam (34) and desalted post-treatment liquid (35) after being treated by foam separation (33), the foam (34) is directly subjected to concentration treatment (56), and methane (57) is generated after anaerobic fermentation of the desalted post-treatment liquid (35).
Further, the organic solid waste treatment process is characterized in that the liquid (31) treated by the three-phase separation (13) is water-soluble liquid treated by centrifugation, and the grease (55) is collected independently.
Furthermore, the organic solid waste treatment process disclosed by the invention is characterized in that a proper amount of alkaline substances (54) (such as NaOH, caO and the like) are added to the organic solid waste (51) before low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12) treatment in the pretreatment unit (1) to destroy the cell structure and chemical bonds of the organic solid waste and promote the degradation of hemicellulose and the like, so that a large amount of energy is saved for the thermal hydrolysis process, and the thermal hydrolysis process is smoothly carried out under the low-temperature condition (70-80 ℃).
Furthermore, the organic solid waste treatment process disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the liquid (31) treated by the pretreatment unit (1) has higher organic matter content and larger methanogenic potential, and is subjected to anaerobic fermentation under the medium-temperature condition, and the product is clean renewable energy biogas (57), so that the problems existing in the traditional anaerobic fermentation of the organic solid waste (51) can be effectively solved, such as: long fermentation period, unbalanced production and consumption of volatile fatty acid, poor system stability and the like.
Furthermore, the organic solid waste treatment process disclosed by the invention is characterized in that the liquid (31) treated by the pretreatment unit (1) is mixed with a proper amount of organic weak acid (32) (such as dodecylbenzenesulfonic acid and the like) in the inorganic cation treatment unit (3), inorganic cations (such as Na +、Cu2+ and the like) and weak acid radical anions are concentrated (56) in the blowout liquid after being treated by foam separation (33), and the desalinated treatment liquid (35) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas (57).
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. And an appropriate amount of organic weak acid is added into the inorganic cation treatment unit, so that inorganic cations can be effectively removed without introducing other metal ions.
2. The invention uses the desalted post-treatment liquid for anaerobic fermentation, which can obviously shorten the anaerobic fermentation period and improve the stability of the system.
3. The biomass resource related by the invention is organic solid waste, and the fermentation product is renewable energy biogas, so that the reduction and recycling of the biomass resource can be realized simultaneously.
4. The pretreatment unit is added with a proper amount of alkaline substances, so that the requirement of the thermal hydrolysis process on high temperature can be greatly reduced, and therefore, the thermal hydrolysis process is carried out under the low temperature condition, and a large amount of energy can be saved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flow chart of an organic solid waste treatment process.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings:
As shown in fig. 1, the invention consists of a pretreatment unit (1), a solid-phase treatment unit (2) and an inorganic cation treatment unit (3), wherein the pretreatment unit (1) comprises three parts of crushing (11), low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12) and three-phase separation (13), the solid (21) in the solid-phase treatment unit (2) is dried to prepare an organic fertilizer (22), and the inorganic cation treatment unit (3) comprises five parts of liquid (31), organic weak acid (32), foam separation (33), foam (34) and desalted post-treatment liquid (35); the organic solid waste (51) is firstly sorted (52) before entering the pretreatment unit (1), impurities (plastic bags, glass, stones and the like) which are difficult to digest by thermal hydrolysis and are mixed in the organic solid waste are collected (53), the rest substances enter the pretreatment unit (1) and are crushed (11) by a crusher to enable the particle size of the organic solid waste (51) to be less than 1cm, a proper amount of alkaline substances (54) (such as NaOH, caO and the like) are added in the organic solid waste, the organic solid waste is stirred and then subjected to low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12) (the temperature is 70-80 ℃) treatment, the organic solid waste (51) treated by the crushing (11) and the alkaline substances (54) has obvious organic substance dissolving effect in the thermal hydrolysis (12) process, the organic solid waste can replace the traditional thermal hydrolysis process only at high temperature (the temperature is more than 100 ℃), a large amount of energy can be saved, and finally the organic solid waste (51) is separated into solid (21), liquid (31) and grease (55) by three-phase separation (13). The grease (55) can be directly collected; the solid (21) is dried in the solid-phase treatment unit (2) and then is used for manufacturing the organic fertilizer (22), so that the reduction treatment of the organic solid waste is realized; the liquid (31) is added with a proper amount of organic weak acid (32) in the inorganic cation treatment unit (3), is separated into foam (34) and desalted post-treatment liquid (35) after foam separation (33) treatment, the foam (34) is directly subjected to concentration treatment (56), and the desalted post-treatment liquid (35) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation to generate biogas (57), so that the recycling of organic solid waste is realized.
The above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical concept and features of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, so that those skilled in the art can understand the content of the present invention and implement the same. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and the like made according to the spirit of the present invention should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An organic solid waste treatment process comprises a pretreatment unit (1), a solid-phase treatment unit (2) and an inorganic cation treatment unit (3), wherein the pretreatment unit (1) comprises three parts of crushing (11), low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12) and three-phase separation (13), solids (21) in the solid-phase treatment unit (2) are dried to prepare an organic fertilizer (22), and the inorganic cation treatment unit (3) comprises five parts of liquid (31), organic weak acid (32), foam separation (33), foam (34) and desalted post-treatment liquid (35); the organic solid waste treatment process comprises the following specific steps,
Step 1: firstly, sorting (52) organic solid waste (51), sorting (52) impurities which are difficult to be thermally hydrolyzed and digested from the organic solid waste (51), collecting (53), and allowing the rest substances to enter a pretreatment unit (1);
Step 2: after the organic solid waste (51) enters the pretreatment unit (1), firstly, crushing (11) the organic solid waste, secondly, adding a proper amount of alkaline substances (54) into the crushed (11) treated organic solid waste (51), stirring the mixture, then, carrying out low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12) treatment, and finally, carrying out three-phase separation (13) treatment to separate the organic solid waste (51) into solid (21), liquid (31) and grease (55);
Step 3: the solid (21) treated by the three-phase separation (13) is dried in the solid-phase treatment unit (2) and then is used for manufacturing the organic fertilizer (22);
Step 4: the liquid (31) treated by the three-phase separation (13) is firstly added with a proper amount of organic weak acid (32), is separated into foam (34) and desalted post-treatment liquid (35) after being treated by foam separation (33), the foam (34) is directly subjected to concentration treatment (56), and methane (57) is generated after anaerobic fermentation of the desalted post-treatment liquid (35).
2. The organic solid waste treatment process according to claim 1, wherein: in the pretreatment unit (1), organic solid waste (51) is crushed (11) by a crusher until the particle size is less than 1cm, and then a proper amount of alkaline substances (54) are added into the crushed organic solid waste, and the mixture is stirred and subjected to low-temperature thermal hydrolysis (12).
3. The process for treating organic solid waste according to claim 1, wherein the liquid (31) in the inorganic cation treatment unit (3) is obtained by three-phase separation (13) in the pretreatment unit (1), and desalination is achieved by foam separation (33) treatment after adding an appropriate amount of organic weak acid (32).
4. A process for the treatment of organic solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that the desalinated treatment fluid (35) is subjected to anaerobic fermentation in a mesophilic anaerobic apparatus, the fermentation product being clean renewable energy biogas (57).
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| CN202311416846.9A CN117259383B (en) | 2023-10-30 | 2023-10-30 | Organic solid waste treatment process |
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| CN202311416846.9A CN117259383B (en) | 2023-10-30 | 2023-10-30 | Organic solid waste treatment process |
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| CN117259383A CN117259383A (en) | 2023-12-22 |
| CN117259383B true CN117259383B (en) | 2024-05-17 |
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Inventor after: Wang Hua Inventor after: Sun Haoran Inventor before: Wang Hua |