CN109971795B - Co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straw - Google Patents

Co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straw Download PDF

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CN109971795B
CN109971795B CN201910208245.6A CN201910208245A CN109971795B CN 109971795 B CN109971795 B CN 109971795B CN 201910208245 A CN201910208245 A CN 201910208245A CN 109971795 B CN109971795 B CN 109971795B
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寿亦丰
周丽烨
李倩
谭婧
宫亚斌
袁玲莉
詹偶如
包海军
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Hangzhou Energy & Environmental Engineering Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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Abstract

The invention provides a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which comprises the following steps: conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation to prepare feces fermentation liquor; crushing dry and yellow straws; mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry yellow straws and performing primary pre-fermentation; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase; and conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation. On the first hand, the invention takes the properties of different raw materials into full consideration, and skillfully combines the wet anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure and the dry anaerobic fermentation of the dry yellow straws together; the nutrient components in the solid phase of the pretreated dry and yellow straws are more balanced, the fermentation efficiency is higher, the gas production is higher, and the long-term stable operation of the project is ensured; meanwhile, the utilization rate of wet anaerobic fermentation materials is improved, and the waste of fermentation raw materials is reduced.

Description

Co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straw
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of fermentation treatment of agricultural wastes, and particularly relates to a co-fermentation method for livestock and poultry manure and dry and yellow straws.
Background
At present, with the popularization of environmental protection taxes, a series of environmental protection policies such as ten items of water, ten items of soil and ten items of gas are developed, and the national policies on the aspect of agricultural solid waste treatment are inclined, so that various large-scale biogas projects are promoted to be rapidly developed. At present, the wet anaerobic fermentation process is mature in China, and is particularly widely applied to the aspect of livestock and poultry manure treatment, however, a series of problems caused by a large amount of biogas slurry generated by the wet anaerobic process become obstacles for further development and popularization of the technology, including limited biogas slurry farmland absorption capacity, high standard discharge cost, large storage land occupation, serious secondary pollution in the storage and transportation process and the like, and the sustainable development of livestock breeding industry in China is severely restricted; meanwhile, in the aspect of treating agricultural dry and yellow straw wastes, wet anaerobic fermentation has a plurality of technical defects. Therefore, the demand for the dry anaerobic fermentation process is gradually expanded, but the research and application of the dry anaerobic fermentation process in China is late, the application of the dry anaerobic fermentation process in the aspect of agricultural wastes is less, and aiming at straw materials, the straw is directly put into a dry fermentation tank to operate without being treated and balanced in nutrition after being crushed, so that the problems of insufficient gas production of raw materials, low fermentation efficiency, difficult long-term operation of projects and the like are highlighted.
In view of the above-mentioned disadvantages of the wet anaerobic fermentation process, in the prior art, as disclosed in patent document 1: CN201010515939.3, the invention provides a dry-wet coupled anaerobic fermentation process including a wet two-phase anaerobic fermentation method and a dry anaerobic fermentation method, wherein the wet two-phase anaerobic fermentation method comprises the following steps: adding water into livestock and poultry manure, mixing, and sequentially feeding into an acid production tank and a methane production tank to produce biogas and biogas residue and biogas slurry; the dry anaerobic fermentation method comprises the following process steps: adding lignocellulose degrading bacteria into the pretreated and crushed straws, mixing, feeding into a dry anaerobic fermentation tank for anaerobic fermentation, feeding percolate biogas slurry back into the dry anaerobic fermentation tank for nitrogen supplement by spraying, feeding biogas residue biogas slurry generated in a methane production tank in a wet two-phase anaerobic fermentation method into a mixture of the crushed straws and the lignocellulose degrading bacteria in the dry anaerobic fermentation tank, and completing water supplement, nitrogen supplement and inoculation operation. The process is used as a process for simply and sequentially superposing dry anaerobic fermentation and wet anaerobic fermentation, the percolation biogas slurry is used as a nitrogen source and is sent back to a dry anaerobic fermentation tank for spraying and nitrogen supplementing, and as in the case of returning the percolation biogas slurry to the tank body for spraying and nitrogen supplementing in the dry anaerobic fermentation process, the percolation biogas slurry generated by the dry anaerobic fermentation and the wet anaerobic fermentation is simply used as the nitrogen source and is put into the dry anaerobic fermentation process for secondary nutrition utilization; the method still has the problems that straws are crushed and then directly put into a dry fermentation tank to operate without treatment, and due to poor hydrophilicity and high lignin content of the dry and yellow straws, more parts of the dry and yellow straws are difficult to participate in the fermentation process; the combination of the two factors still causes insufficient gas production of raw materials and low fermentation efficiency, and leads to difficult long-term operation of projects.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problem to be solved
The invention aims to provide a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which skillfully combines the wet anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure and the dry anaerobic fermentation of the dry yellow straws together; the feces fermentation liquor after wet anaerobic fermentation is rich in nitrogen source, heat and anaerobic microbial flora; the method has the advantages that the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are subjected to primary pre-fermentation, so that the hydrophilicity of the dry yellow straws is enhanced, the lignin content is reduced, the subsequent utilization of methane bacteria is facilitated, and the problems that the straws are crushed and directly put into a dry fermentation tank to operate without treatment in the existing dry-wet coupling anaerobic fermentation process method are solved, and more parts of the dry yellow straws are difficult to participate in the fermentation process due to poor hydrophilicity and high lignin content of the dry yellow straws; the combination of the two factors still causes insufficient gas production of raw materials, the fermentation efficiency is low, and the project is difficult to operate for a long time.
The invention aims to provide a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which achieves the most suitable C/N required by fermentation through co-fermentation of manure fermentation liquor and dry yellow straws, is favorable for high-efficiency operation of the whole fermentation process, and solves the problems that the carbon-nitrogen ratio of manure raw materials is lower and the carbon-nitrogen ratio content of dry yellow straw raw materials is as high as 53-87: 1, the carbon-nitrogen proportion is not adjusted; resulting in the defect of low fermentation efficiency.
(II) technical scheme
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which comprises the following steps: conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation to prepare feces fermentation liquor;
crushing dry and yellow straws;
mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry yellow straws and performing primary pre-fermentation; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase;
and conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation. On the first hand, the invention takes the properties of different raw materials into full consideration, and skillfully combines the wet anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure and the dry anaerobic fermentation of the dry yellow straws together; the feces fermentation liquor after wet anaerobic fermentation is rich in nitrogen source, heat and anaerobic microbial flora; the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are subjected to primary pre-fermentation, so that the hydrophilicity of the dry yellow straws is enhanced, the lignin content is reduced, and the subsequent utilization of methane bacteria is facilitated; meanwhile, only the treated straw solid phase is put into the dry-type anaerobic fermentation, so that the nutrient components in the dry-yellow straw solid phase are more balanced, the fermentation efficiency is higher, the gas yield is higher, and the long-term stable operation of the project is ensured; meanwhile, the utilization rate of wet anaerobic fermentation raw materials is improved, the waste of the fermentation raw materials is reduced, the zero discharge of biogas slurry is realized, the problems of difficult storage, high discharge cost, serious secondary pollution and the like of the biogas slurry are solved, and the guarantee is provided for realizing clean production of livestock breeding industry in China.
Preferably, in the wet anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 35-45 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is controlled to be 15-25 d. In combination with the first aspect, the invention improves the utilization rate and the volume gas production efficiency of special equipment by controlling the fermentation temperature and the hydraulic retention time, so that the volume gas production rate in the wet anaerobic fermentation process reaches 1.5m3/m3～2.0m3/m3。
Preferably, in the dry anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 48-55 ℃, and the retention time is controlled to be 20-30 d. In combination with the first aspect, the invention improves the utilization rate and the volume gas production efficiency of special equipment by controlling the fermentation temperature and the retention time, so that the volume gas production rate in the dry anaerobic fermentation process reaches 2.5m3/m3～4.0m3/m3
Preferably, the water content of the dry yellow straws to be crushed is 10-40%; and when the dry and yellow straws are crushed, controlling the particle size of the crushed straws to be 2-5 cm. With the combination of the first aspect, the water content of the dry yellow straw to be crushed is 10-40%; meanwhile, when the dry and yellow straws are crushed, the particle size of the crushed straws is controlled to be 2-5 cm, and the crushed straws are matched with manure fermentation liquor rich in nitrogen sources, heat and anaerobic microbial floras; so that the pre-fermentation process is more complete.
Preferably, biogas is generated in the fermentation process of the wet anaerobic fermentation and the dry anaerobic fermentation, and is collected, purified and then enters the rear end for utilization. The invention generates electricity or prepares biomass gas by collecting methane, provides renewable clean energy, reduces the emission of greenhouse gas and realizes the resource utilization of agricultural wastes.
Preferably, the manure needs to be subjected to a pretreatment process before use, and the manure needs to be sequentially diluted, homogenized and impurity-removed in the pretreatment process, and the total solid content concentration of the manure is controlled to be 6-14%. According to the invention, the excrement needs to be diluted, homogenized and impurity removed in sequence, and the total solid content concentration is controlled to be 6-14%, so that the moisture and nutrient content of the material entering wet anaerobic fermentation are more reasonable, and the fermentation gas production efficiency in the fermentation process is improved.
Preferably, after the fecal sewage fermentation liquid and the crushed dry yellow straws are subjected to primary pre-fermentation, a filtrate phase is also separated, and the filtrate phase is refluxed to a fecal sewage pretreatment procedure for treatment. The invention leads the filtrate phase to flow back to the pretreatment process of the feces for treatment, forms closed circulation reflux, recovers nutrient components, heat and microbial strains in the filtrate phase, and ensures the long-term stable operation of the project. In the dry-wet coupling anaerobic fermentation process, the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the manure raw materials is low, and for example, C/N of chicken manure and pig manure is about 9-13: 1, the problem of ammonia nitrogen inhibition is easy to occur in the fermentation process; the carbon-nitrogen ratio content of the dry and yellow straw raw materials is as high as 53-87: 1, the pure dry yellow straw fermentation is easy to start and acidify due to uneven nutrition. The optimum fermentation C/N in the anaerobic fermentation process is 20-30: 1, the manure fermentation liquor and the dry yellow straw are co-fermented to achieve the optimal C/N required by fermentation, thereby being beneficial to the high-efficiency operation of the whole fermentation process.
Preferably, in the primary pre-fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 35-45 ℃; the reaction time is within 3 d. The invention ensures the fermentation efficiency of primary fermentation by controlling the fermentation temperature to be 35-45 ℃ and the reaction time to be within 3 d.
Preferably, after the initial fermentation, the solid content in the solid phase of the straw is controlled to be 20-30%, and the lignin content is reduced by 5-10%. The solid content in the solid phase of the straw is controlled to be 20-30% after the initial fermentation, the lignin content is reduced by 5-10%, the treatment effect of the subsequent dry anaerobic fermentation is greatly improved, and the gas yield is improved.
Preferably, the solid-liquid separation is carried out on the fermented product after the pretreated straw solid phase dry anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas residue and biogas slurry; wherein the biogas slurry flows back to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for wet anaerobic fermentation. The biogas slurry is refluxed to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for recycling, so that zero emission of the biogas slurry is realized.
(III) advantageous effects
The invention provides a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straw, which has the following advantages:
1. on the first hand, the invention takes the properties of different raw materials into full consideration, and skillfully combines the wet anaerobic fermentation of the livestock and poultry manure and the dry anaerobic fermentation of the dry yellow straws together; the feces fermentation liquor after wet anaerobic fermentation is rich in nitrogen source, heat and anaerobic microbial flora; the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are subjected to primary pre-fermentation, so that the hydrophilicity of the dry yellow straws is enhanced, the lignin content is reduced, and the subsequent methane bacteria can be utilized; meanwhile, only the treated straw solid phase is put into the dry-type anaerobic fermentation, so that the nutrient components in the dry-yellow straw solid phase are more balanced, the fermentation efficiency is higher, the gas yield is higher, and the long-term stable operation of the project is ensured; meanwhile, the utilization rate of wet anaerobic fermentation raw materials is improved, and the waste of the fermentation raw materials is reduced. According to the invention, the livestock and poultry manure and the dry yellow straws are fermented together, so that the nutrition proportion of different raw materials is realized, the heat of the system is recovered, and microorganisms are enriched, thereby greatly improving the utilization efficiency and fermentation efficiency of the raw materials; meanwhile, only the biogas residue discharge system can be directly used for producing the solid organic fertilizer, zero discharge of biogas slurry is realized, and secondary pollution to the environment is avoided.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of the co-fermentation method of livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straw.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of embodiments of the present invention is provided in connection with the accompanying drawings and examples. The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The pulverizer, the dry fermentation equipment and the wet fermentation equipment used in the invention are all commercially available equipment.
The VS gas production rate (raw material gas production rate) refers to the volume of biogas produced by a unit mass of volatile solid raw material under anaerobic conditions.
Pig manure, cow manure, chicken manure and the like can be adopted as the manure in the invention. Also, in the present invention, d is an abbreviation for day. Here, C/N is the mass ratio of the carbon source to the nitrogen source.
Example 1
As shown in figure 1, the co-fermentation method of livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straw provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
1) a pretreatment procedure: sequentially diluting, homogenizing, desanding and removing impurities from the excrement, and controlling the total solid content concentration to be 6%;
2) conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation to prepare feces fermentation liquor; in the wet anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 35 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is controlled to be 23 d;
3) crushing dry yellow straws, wherein the water content of the dry yellow straws to be crushed is 10%, and controlling the particle size after crushing to be 2 cm;
4) mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry yellow straws and performing primary pre-fermentation; in the primary pre-fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 35 ℃, and the reaction time is 3 d; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase; after the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are preliminarily fermented, a filtrate phase is also separated, and the filtrate phase is refluxed to the pretreatment process of the feces for treatment; after primary fermentation, the solid content in the solid phase of the straw is controlled to be 20%, and the lignin content is reduced by 5%.
5) Conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation; in the dry anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 50 ℃, and the retention time is controlled to be 30 d; the concentration of the total solid content of the fermentation liquid is controlled at 20 percent.
6) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the pretreated fermentation product after the straw solid-phase dry anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry; wherein the biogas slurry flows back to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for wet anaerobic fermentation.
Wherein, the fermentation process of the wet anaerobic fermentation and the dry anaerobic fermentation also generates biogas which is used for combustion power generation after being collected and purified. The dry anaerobic fermentation system in the embodiment adopts a horizontal long shaft stirring mode, and can effectively avoid scum and crusting.
In this example, the volumetric gas production rate in the dry anaerobic fermentation process reached 2.8m3/m3. The volume gas production rate in the wet anaerobic fermentation process reaches 1.6m3/m3. The VS gas production rate of the dry yellow straws can be improved to 400m3/tVS。
Example 2
The invention provides a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which comprises the following steps:
1) a pretreatment procedure: sequentially diluting, homogenizing, desanding and removing impurities from the excrement, and controlling the total solid content concentration to be 14%;
2) conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation to prepare feces fermentation liquor; in the wet anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 45 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is controlled to be 16 d;
3) crushing dry yellow straws, wherein the water content of the dry yellow straws to be crushed is 40%, and controlling the particle size after crushing to be 5 cm;
4) mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry yellow straws and performing primary pre-fermentation; in the primary pre-fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 45 ℃ and the reaction time is 0.5 d; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase; after the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are preliminarily fermented, a filtrate phase is also separated, and the filtrate phase is refluxed to the pretreatment process of the feces for treatment; after primary fermentation, the solid content in the solid phase of the straw is controlled to be 30%, and the lignin content is reduced by 7%.
5) Conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation; in the dry anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 55 ℃, and the retention time is controlled to be 22 d; the concentration of the total solid content of the fermentation liquid is controlled to be 27 percent.
6) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the pretreated fermentation product after the straw solid-phase dry anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry; wherein the biogas slurry flows back to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for wet anaerobic fermentation.
Wherein, the fermentation process of the wet anaerobic fermentation and the dry anaerobic fermentation also generates biogas, and the biogas is used for extracting and preparing biomass gas after being collected and purified.
In this example, the volumetric gas production rate in the dry anaerobic fermentation process reached 3.8m3/m3. The volume gas production rate in the wet anaerobic fermentation process reaches 1.9m3/m3. The VS gas production rate of the dry yellow straws can be improved to 450m3/tVS。
Example 3
The invention provides a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which comprises the following steps:
1) a pretreatment procedure: sequentially diluting, homogenizing, desanding and removing impurities from the excrement, and controlling the total solid content concentration to be 10%;
2) conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation to prepare feces fermentation liquor; in the wet anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 40 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is controlled to be 20 d;
3) crushing dry yellow straws, wherein the water content of the dry yellow straws to be crushed is 25%, and controlling the particle size after crushing to be 3 cm;
4) mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry yellow straws and performing primary pre-fermentation; in the primary pre-fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 40 ℃, and the reaction lasts for 2 d; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase; after the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are preliminarily fermented, a filtrate phase is also separated, and the filtrate phase is refluxed to the pretreatment process of the feces for treatment; after primary fermentation, the solid content in the solid phase of the straw is controlled to be 25%, and the lignin content is reduced by 7.5%.
5) Conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation; in the dry anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 53 ℃, and the retention time is controlled to be 25 d; the concentration of the total solid content of the fermentation liquid is controlled to be 23.5 percent.
6) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the pretreated fermentation product after the straw solid-phase dry anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry; wherein the biogas slurry flows back to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for wet anaerobic fermentation.
Wherein, the fermentation process of the wet anaerobic fermentation and the dry anaerobic fermentation also generates biogas, and the biogas is filtered, combusted and generated after being collected.
In this example, the volumetric gas production rate in the dry anaerobic fermentation process reached 3.3m3/m3. The volume gas production rate in the wet anaerobic fermentation process reaches 1.5m3/m3. The VS gas production rate of the dry yellow straws can be improved to 430m3/tVS。
Comparative example 1
The invention provides a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which comprises the following steps:
1) a pretreatment procedure: sequentially diluting, homogenizing, desanding and removing impurities from the excrement, and controlling the total solid content concentration to be 5%;
2) conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation to prepare feces fermentation liquor; in the wet anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 34 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is controlled to be 14 d;
3) crushing dry yellow straws, wherein the water content of the dry yellow straws to be crushed is 50%, and controlling the particle size after crushing to be 6 cm;
4) mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry yellow straws and performing primary pre-fermentation; in the primary pre-fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 34 ℃, and the reaction time is 4 d; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase; after the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are preliminarily fermented, a filtrate phase is also separated, and the filtrate phase is refluxed to the pretreatment process of the feces for treatment; after primary fermentation, the solid content in the solid phase of the straw is controlled to be 19%, and the lignin content is reduced by 4%.
5) Conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation; in the dry anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 47 ℃, and the retention time is controlled to be 19 d; the concentration of the total solid content of the fermentation liquid is controlled at 19 percent.
6) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the pretreated fermentation product after the straw solid-phase dry anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry; wherein the biogas slurry flows back to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for wet anaerobic fermentation.
Wherein, the fermentation process of the wet anaerobic fermentation and the dry anaerobic fermentation also generates biogas, and the biogas is collected, purified and then enters the combustion for power generation.
In this example, the volumetric gas production rate in the dry anaerobic fermentation process reached 2.1m3/m3. The volume gas production rate in the wet anaerobic fermentation process reaches 1.3 m3/m3. The VS gas production rate of the dry yellow straws is only 340m3/tVS。
Comparative example 2
The invention provides a co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry yellow straws, which comprises the following steps:
1) a pretreatment procedure: sequentially diluting, homogenizing, desanding and removing impurities from the excrement, and controlling the total solid content concentration to be 15%;
2) conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation to prepare feces fermentation liquor; in the wet anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 46 ℃, and the hydraulic retention time is controlled to be 27 d;
3) crushing dry yellow straws, wherein the water content of the dry yellow straws to be crushed is 5%, and controlling the particle size after crushing to be 8 cm;
4) mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry yellow straws and performing primary pre-fermentation; in the primary pre-fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is 46 ℃, and the reaction lasts for 5 d; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase; after the feces fermentation liquor and the crushed dry yellow straws are preliminarily fermented, a filtrate phase is also separated, and the filtrate phase is refluxed to the pretreatment process of the feces for treatment; after primary fermentation, the solid content in the solid phase of the straw is controlled to be 31 percent, and the lignin content is reduced by 3 percent.
5) Conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation; in the dry anaerobic fermentation process, the fermentation temperature is controlled to be 56 ℃, and the retention time is controlled to be 35 d; the concentration of the total solid content of the fermentation liquid is controlled to be 27 percent.
6) Carrying out solid-liquid separation on the pretreated fermentation product after the straw solid-phase dry anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry; wherein the biogas slurry flows back to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for wet anaerobic fermentation.
Wherein, the fermentation process of the wet anaerobic fermentation and the dry anaerobic fermentation also generates biogas, and the biogas is filtered, combusted and generated after being collected.
In this example, the volumetric gas production rate in the dry anaerobic fermentation process reached 1.8m3/m3. The volume gas production rate in the wet anaerobic fermentation process reaches 1.1m3/m3. The VS gas production rate of the dry yellow straws is only 310m3/tVS。
In summary, the volume gas yield during dry anaerobic fermentation, the volume gas yield during wet anaerobic fermentation, and the VS gas yield of dry yellow straw in examples 1, 2, and 3 within the predetermined process parameters are all much better than the data of comparative examples 1 and 2 that exceed the process parameters.
The above embodiments are only used for illustrating the present invention, and the structure, connection mode and the like of each component can be changed, and all equivalent changes and improvements made on the basis of the technical scheme of the present invention should not be excluded from the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A co-fermentation method suitable for livestock and poultry manure and dry and yellow straws is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a pretreatment procedure: sequentially diluting, homogenizing and removing impurities from the excrement, and controlling the total solid content concentration to be 6-14%;
conveying the feces to a wet anaerobic fermentation device for wet anaerobic fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 35-45 ℃ and the hydraulic retention time to be 15-25 d, and preparing feces fermentation liquor; collecting and purifying biogas generated in the wet anaerobic fermentation, and then utilizing the biogas at the rear end;
crushing dry yellow straws, wherein the water content of the dry yellow straws to be crushed is 10-40%, and the particle size after crushing is 2-5 cm;
mixing the feces fermentation liquor with the crushed dry and yellow straws, and performing primary pre-fermentation, wherein the fermentation temperature is 35-45 ℃, the reaction time is within 3d, the solid content in the solid phase of the straws is controlled to be 20-30% after the primary pre-fermentation, and the lignin content is reduced by 5-10%; separating to obtain a pretreated straw solid phase and a filtrate phase, and refluxing the filtrate phase to the pretreatment process of the excrement for treatment;
conveying the pretreated straw solid phase to dry type fermentation equipment for dry type anaerobic fermentation, controlling the fermentation temperature to be 48-55 ℃ and the retention time to be 20-30 d; collecting and purifying biogas generated in the dry anaerobic fermentation, and then utilizing the biogas at the rear end; performing solid-liquid separation on the fermented product after dry anaerobic fermentation to obtain biogas residues and biogas slurry; wherein the biogas slurry flows back to the wet anaerobic fermentation equipment for wet anaerobic fermentation.
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