CN110342715A - A kind of method and system of food garbage, excrement, gutter oil and rubbish from cooking Combined Treatment - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses the method and system of a kind of food garbage, excrement, gutter oil and rubbish from cooking Combined Treatment.It includes the following steps: 1) to pre-process food garbage, gutter oil and rubbish from cooking, is crushed slurrying after isolating inorganic sundries, and isolate grease, organic solid content and concentrated water；2) organic solid content and concentrated water are subjected to anaerobic fermentation, generate biogas, and obtain biogas residue, biogas slurry and foul smell, and deodorizing process is carried out to foul smell；3) excrement and the biogas residue are separated by solid-liquid separation, obtain rubbish and sundries and sewage；4) biogas slurry, the sewage are subjected to the dirty water decontamination handles, obtain sludge and reaches the water of discharge standard.The present invention is by food garbage, excrement, gutter oil and rubbish from cooking Combined Treatment；Operating cost is reduced, saves manually, shares related facility to greatest extent；Raising project profitability.

Description

A method and method for joint processing of catering waste, excrement, waste oil and kitchen waste system

technical field

The invention relates to a method and a system for joint processing of catering waste, excrement, waste oil and kitchen waste, and belongs to the field of domestic waste processing.

Background technique

According to different sources, food waste is mainly divided into food waste and kitchen waste. The former is generated from the leftovers of the catering industry such as restaurants and canteens, and has the characteristics of large amount, relatively concentrated quantity and wide distribution. Huge but relatively scattered, with overall production exceeding food and beverage waste. Kitchen waste, commonly known as swill, also known as swill and swill, is a domestic waste formed by residents in the process of living consumption. The main components of kitchen waste include rice and flour food residues, vegetables, animal and vegetable oils, meat and bones, etc. From the chemical composition, there are starch, cellulose, protein, lipids and inorganic salts.

Compared with domestic waste, kitchen waste has the following characteristics: 1) The content of organic matter such as crude protein and crude fiber is relatively high, which is perishable and foul; Inconvenient; 3) low calorific value, which limits the application of incineration technology.

The traditional main treatment methods of kitchen waste are incineration and landfill, composting and anaerobic fermentation. Incineration and landfill methods are mainly mixed with kitchen waste and domestic waste for treatment. The separate treatment of kitchen waste adopts biological treatment methods, mainly aerobic composting and anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas. The promotion of aerobic composting as a large-scale kitchen waste (kitchen) waste is limited due to the large area of aerobic composting, the difficulty in controlling the odor and the sales of fertilizers. Anaerobic fermentation is increasingly becoming the mainstream treatment method of kitchen waste.

Gutter oil generally refers to all kinds of inferior oils that exist in life, such as recycled edible oil, repeatedly used frying oil, etc. The biggest source of waste oil is the grease traps in the sewers of large urban hotels.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method and system for the joint treatment of catering waste, excrement, waste oil and kitchen waste.

A method for joint processing of catering waste, excrement, waste oil and kitchen waste provided by the present invention comprises the following steps:

1) Pretreatment of catering waste, waste oil and kitchen waste, separation of inorganic debris, crushing and pulping, and separation of grease, organic solids and concentrated water;

2) carrying out anaerobic fermentation of the organic solids and concentrated water to generate biogas, and obtaining biogas residue, biogas slurry and odor, and deodorizing the odor;

3) solid-liquid separation is carried out on the excrement and the biogas residue to obtain garbage, sundries and sewage;

4) Perform sewage purification treatment on the biogas slurry and the sewage to obtain sludge and water meeting the discharge standard.

In the above-mentioned method, in step 1), the pretreatment step of the food waste includes sorting out the organic solid and liquid substances of the inorganic sundries, and sending them into moist heat hydrolysis and three-phase separation to obtain crude oil, solid substances and food concentrates. water;

The pretreatment to the waste oil comprises adopting a basket filter frame to remove solids with a particle size of at least 8mm;

The step of pre-processing the kitchen waste includes removing iron and substances larger than 150 mm to obtain material crushing.

In the above-mentioned method, the biogas described in step 2) is all sent to the biogas generator for power generation and self-use, and the excess part is supplied to the garbage power plant;

In step 3), the biogas residue is dehydrated and then incinerated or utilized as a resource.

Above-mentioned method, in step 1), when separating grease in described waste oil, also comprise steam heater, be used for oil-water mixture heating, separate product thick grease, intermediate layer are paste-like colloid, the bottom is oily wastewater;

The oily wastewater is recycled for the crushing and pulping of the catering waste and the kitchen waste.

In the above-mentioned method, in step 3), the waste and sundries are sealed and packed after solid-liquid separation, and then sent to a waste or incineration plant for processing; the fecal filtrate enters the conditioning tank and separates the dregs and water from the dung by flocculation and dehydration; after the dehydration The manure residue is sent to waste incineration treatment; the supernatant liquid enters the water treatment system of the incineration plant through a special pipe network;

The biogas residue obtained in step 2) and the dewatered sludge obtained in step 4) are composted.

The invention also provides a system for the joint treatment of catering waste, feces, waste oil and kitchen waste, which includes a pretreatment system, an anaerobic fermentation system, a solid-liquid separation system, a sewage treatment system and a deodorization system;

The pretreatment system is used for separating inorganic impurities from catering waste, waste oil and kitchen waste, and then crushing and pulping, and separating oil, organic solids and concentrated water;

The anaerobic fermentation system is used for anaerobic fermentation of the organic solids and concentrated water to produce biogas, and to obtain biogas residue, biogas slurry and odor;

The solid-liquid separation system is used for solid-liquid separation of the excrement and the biogas residue to obtain garbage, sundries and sewage;

The sewage treatment system is used to purify the biogas slurry and the sewage;

The deodorization system is used to treat the odor.

In the above system, the pretreatment system includes a material receiving and draining system, a basket filter frame, a crushing pulping system and a three-phase separation system;

The feeding and draining system is used for preliminary draining of the food and beverage waste; the basket filter frame removes organic solids with a particle size of at least 8 mm in the food and beverage waste, waste oil and kitchen waste; the crushing and pulping The system is used for crushing and pulping the catering waste and the kitchen waste after removing organic solids with a particle size of at least 8 mm;

The three-phase separation system is used to separate oil, organic solids and concentrated water from the food waste, and to separate the waste oil from the basket filter frame with organic solids having a particle size of at least 8 mm.

In the above system, when the three-phase separation system separates the grease in the waste oil, it also includes a steam heater for heating the oil-water mixture, and the three-phase separation system separates the crude oil and the middle layer is a paste. The bottom part is oily waste water, and the oily waste water is transported to the crushing and pulping system.

In the above system, the system also includes a flocculation tank, which is used for dehydration treatment of the sewage obtained by the feces through the solid-liquid separation system, and the treated supernatant is further purified by the sewage treatment system. .

In the above system, the system further includes a composting system for composting the biogas residue obtained by the anaerobic fermentation system and the sludge obtained by the sewage treatment system.

The present invention has the following advantages:

The invention jointly processes food waste, excrement, waste oil and kitchen waste; reduces operating costs, saves labor, shares relevant facilities to the maximum extent; and improves project profitability.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a method for joint processing of catering waste, feces, waste oil and kitchen waste according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of the system of the present invention for catering waste.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the processing flow of feces in the system of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The experimental methods used in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.

Materials, reagents, etc. used in the following examples can be obtained from commercial sources unless otherwise specified.

Embodiment 1,

The process shown in Figure 1 is used to jointly process food waste, manure, waste oil and kitchen waste, as follows:

1. Pretreatment of catering waste, waste oil and kitchen waste, separation of inorganic debris, crushing and pulping, and separation of grease, organic solids and concentrated water;

As shown in Figure 2, the pretreatment step of the food waste includes sorting out organic solids and liquids of inorganic sundries, and sending them into moist heat hydrolysis and three-phase separation to obtain crude oil, organic solids and kitchen concentrated water;

The pretreatment of waste oil includes the use of a basket filter frame to remove solids with a particle size of at least 8 mm;

The pretreatment steps of kitchen waste include iron removal, removal of substances larger than 150 mm, and the obtained material is broken, that is, organic solids.

2. Anaerobic fermentation of organic solids and concentrated water to generate biogas, and obtain biogas residue, biogas slurry and odor, and deodorize the odor; the odor is collected and sent to the deodorization system to reach the standard emission;

All the biogas is sent to the biogas generator for power generation, and the excess is supplied to the garbage power plant;

3. Perform solid-liquid separation on the excrement (as shown in Figure 3) and the biogas residue to obtain garbage, sundries and sewage; wherein, the biogas residue is dehydrated and then incinerated or recycled, and the biogas liquor is sent to the sewage treatment unit for further treatment ;

4. Perform sewage purification treatment on the biogas slurry and the sewage to obtain sludge and water that meets the discharge standard.

Further, in the catering waste, the crude oil is purified and catalyzed and sold to qualified enterprises for use as chemical raw materials.

Further, since the waste oil, that is, the main components of waste food oil and fat are vegetable oil, animal oil, etc., it is easy to condense into bean flower-like oil or hard lumps. Warm treatment. After heating, the material is sent to the heating kettle by screw pump for the next step of separation treatment. The steam heater heats the material. After heating and cooking, the temperature rises to about 60°C, and the heating is stopped and allowed to stand for stratification. The uppermost layer is the finished crude oil, the middle layer is the paste-like colloid, and the lowermost is the oily wastewater.

Further, the finished crude oil is stored in the temporary storage tank and then shipped out for disposal. The colloidal matter, solid impurities and anaerobic dewatered digestate are shipped out for incineration treatment, and the oily wastewater is sent to the pretreatment adjustment system as the preparation water.

The finished crude oil extracted from the heating kettle is sent to the sluice oil intermediate tank, and finally sent to the crude oil storage tank through the conveying pump.

The colloidal material flows from the refiner to the colloidal material intermediate tank by gravity, and is finally shipped to the nearby domestic waste incineration plant together with the dewatered biogas residue.

The wastewater discharged from the heating kettle first enters the grease trap, where the wastewater is separated from the grease, and the separated grease is pumped to the workshop for treatment.

Further, the garbage and sundries produced after the solid-liquid separation of the feces are sealed and packaged and sent to the garbage or incineration plant for treatment; the fecal filtrate is evenly supplied to the flocculation and dehydration equipment after entering the adjustment tank, and the dung residue and water are separated by the flocculation and dehydration equipment. ; The dehydrated manure is sent to waste incineration; the supernatant enters the water treatment system of the incineration plant through a special pipe network. The waste gas in the treatment process and the odor in step 2 are deodorized as a whole.

Further, the biogas residue and the dewatered sludge obtained from the sewage treatment system are composted.

Embodiment 2. A system for joint processing of catering waste, excrement, waste oil and kitchen waste

A system for joint processing of catering waste, manure, waste oil and kitchen waste includes a pretreatment system, an anaerobic fermentation system, a solid-liquid separation system, a sewage treatment system and a deodorization system.

The pretreatment system is used to separate inorganic impurities from catering waste, waste oil and kitchen waste, and then crush and pulp, and separate oil, organic solids and concentrated water; anaerobic fermentation system is used to separate organic solids and concentrated water. Anaerobic fermentation is carried out to produce biogas, and biogas residue, biogas slurry and odor are obtained; the solid-liquid separation system is used for solid-liquid separation of manure and biogas residue to obtain garbage and debris and sewage; sewage treatment system is used for biogas slurry , sewage purification treatment; deodorization system is used for odor treatment.

Further, the pretreatment system includes a material receiving and draining system, a basket filter frame, a crushing and pulping system and a three-phase separation system;

The receiving and draining system is used for preliminary draining of food waste; the basket filter frame removes organic solids with a particle size of at least 8mm in food waste, waste oil and kitchen waste; the crushing and pulping system is used for the removal of food waste and kitchen waste. After removing organic solids with a particle size of at least 8mm, it is crushed and pulped;

The three-phase separation system is used to separate oil, organic solids and concentrated water from food waste, and to remove waste oil with organic solids with a particle size of at least 8mm from the basket filter frame to separate grease.

Further, when the three-phase separation system separates the grease in the waste oil, it also includes a steam heater for heating the oil-water mixture. Oily wastewater, oily wastewater is sent to the crushing and pulping system.

Further, the above-mentioned system also includes a flocculation tank, which is used for dehydration treatment of the sewage obtained by the solid-liquid separation system of the feces, and the treated supernatant is further purified by the sewage treatment system.

Further, the above system further includes a composting system for composting the biogas residue obtained by the anaerobic fermentation system and the sludge obtained by the sewage treatment system.

Claims (10)

1. A method for joint processing of catering waste, excrement, waste oil and kitchen waste, comprising the following steps: 1) Pretreatment of catering waste, waste oil and kitchen waste, separation of inorganic debris, crushing and pulping, and separation of grease, organic solids and concentrated water; 2) carrying out anaerobic fermentation of the organic solids and concentrated water to generate biogas, and obtaining biogas residue, biogas slurry and odor, and deodorizing the odor; 3) solid-liquid separation is carried out on the excrement and the biogas residue to obtain garbage, sundries and sewage; 4) Perform sewage purification treatment on the biogas slurry and the sewage to obtain sludge and water meeting the discharge standard. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step 1), the step of pre-processing the food and beverage waste comprises sorting out organic solid-liquid substances of inorganic sundries, and sending them into moist heat hydrolysis and three-phase separation. , to obtain crude oil, solids and kitchen concentrate; The pretreatment to the waste oil comprises adopting a basket filter frame to remove solids with a particle size of at least 8mm; The step of pre-processing the kitchen waste includes removing iron and substances larger than 150 mm to obtain material crushing. 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the biogas described in step 2) is all sent to the biogas generator for power generation and self-use, and the excess part is supplied to the garbage power plant; In step 3), the biogas residue is dehydrated and then incinerated or utilized as a resource. 4. according to the method described in any one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that: in step 1), when separating grease in described waste oil, also comprise steam heater, be used for oil-water mixture heating, separate The crude oil is produced, the middle layer is a paste-like colloid, and the bottom is oily wastewater; The oily wastewater is recycled for the crushing and pulping of the catering waste and the kitchen waste. 5. The method according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that: in step 3), the waste and sundries are sealed and packaged after solid-liquid separation, and the feces are sent to waste or incinerators for processing; feces are filtered After the liquid enters the regulating tank, the manure and water are separated by flocculation and dehydration; the dehydrated manure is sent to garbage incineration; the supernatant liquid enters the water treatment system of the incineration plant through a special pipe network; The biogas residue obtained in step 2) and the dewatered sludge obtained in step 4) are subjected to composting. 6. A system for joint processing of catering waste, feces, waste oil and kitchen waste, comprising a pretreatment system, an anaerobic fermentation system, a solid-liquid separation system, a sewage treatment system and a deodorization system; The pretreatment system is used for separating inorganic impurities from catering waste, waste oil and kitchen waste, and then crushing and pulping, and separating oil, organic solids and concentrated water; The anaerobic fermentation system is used for anaerobic fermentation of the organic solids and concentrated water to produce biogas, and to obtain biogas residue, biogas slurry and odor; The solid-liquid separation system is used for solid-liquid separation of feces and the biogas residue to obtain garbage, sundries and sewage; The sewage treatment system is used to purify the biogas slurry and the sewage; The deodorization system is used to treat the odor. 7. The system according to claim 6, characterized in that: the pretreatment system comprises a material receiving and draining system, a basket filter frame, a crushing and pulping system and a three-phase separation system; The feeding and draining system is used for preliminary draining of the food and beverage waste; the basket filter frame removes organic solids with a particle size of at least 8 mm in the food and beverage waste, waste oil and kitchen waste; the crushing and pulping The system is used for crushing and pulping the catering waste and the kitchen waste after removing organic solids with a particle size of at least 8 mm; The three-phase separation system is used to separate oil, organic solids and concentrated water from the food waste, and to separate the waste oil from the basket filter frame with organic solids having a particle size of at least 8 mm. 8. The system according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: when the three-phase separation system separates the grease in the waste oil, it also comprises a steam heater for heating the oil-water mixture, and the three-phase separation system also includes a steam heater. The separation system separates crude oil, the middle layer is paste-like colloid, and the bottom is oily wastewater, which is sent to the crushing and pulping system. 9. The system according to any one of claims 6-8, characterized in that: the system further comprises a flocculation tank for dehydrating the sewage obtained from the feces through the solid-liquid separation system The treated supernatant is further purified by the sewage treatment system. 10. The system according to any one of claims 6-9, characterized in that: the system further comprises a composting system, which is used to obtain the biogas residue obtained from the anaerobic fermentation system and the sewage treatment system. The sludge is composted.