CN102553886A - Full-biomass resource utilization method for kitchen waste - Google Patents
Full-biomass resource utilization method for kitchen waste Download PDFInfo
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- CN102553886A CN102553886A CN2011104356967A CN201110435696A CN102553886A CN 102553886 A CN102553886 A CN 102553886A CN 2011104356967 A CN2011104356967 A CN 2011104356967A CN 201110435696 A CN201110435696 A CN 201110435696A CN 102553886 A CN102553886 A CN 102553886A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/80—Food processing, e.g. use of renewable energies or variable speed drives in handling, conveying or stacking
- Y02P60/87—Re-use of by-products of food processing for fodder production
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/74—Recovery of fats, fatty oils, fatty acids or other fatty substances, e.g. lanolin or waxes
Abstract
The invention relates to a full-biomass resource utilization method for kitchen waste. The method comprises the following steps: sorting kitchen waste and then performing solid-liquid separation, performing oil-water separation on the liquid phase, grinding the solid phase and then producing fuel ethanol by complex enzyme preparation and multi-step hydrolysis, producing protein feeds from the solid residues and yeast after production purification, and performing transesterification on the separated waste oil to produce bio-diesel oil. The invention has the advantages that different components in the kitchen waste are transformed with high efficiency respectively by utilizing the process integration technology to produce fuel ethanol, bio-diesel oil, protein feeds and other products with high value added, so that the cost of kitchen waste treatment is reduced, and the economic benefits are improved; the operation process is mild, the energy consumption is reduced, and the process flow is environment-friendly; and the kitchen waste is turned into treasure, and the comprehensive waste reduction, resource and energy utilization can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to waste resource regeneration field, be specifically related to the method for the full biomass resource utilization of a kind of changing food waste.
Technical background
Changing food waste has " refuse and resource " double attribute, is characterized in that water content is high, oil content is high, content of organics is abundant.Present domestic changing food waste into resources technology mainly contains fertilizer treatment technology, feedization technology, biofermentation energy technology etc.
The fertilizer technology is to be organic fertilizer through the biological compost method with changing food waste production, and fertilizerization technology floor space is big, and the processing time is long and reaction condition is wayward.Changing food waste regenerative feedstuff technology mainly contains bioanalysis and physics method: bioanalysis needs a large amount of living beings auxiliary materials and need high temperature drying of replenishing, and increases production cost and consumes more multipotency source; The physics method is to carry out dry disinfection after directly changing food waste being dewatered, and processes feed after the pulverizing, and is because changing food waste has material diversity and corrosivity, very big to process equipment requirement height and energy consumption.The bio anaerobic fermentation is under specific anaerobic condition, utilizes microorganism with the organic matter decomposition in the changing food waste, finally obtains bio-fuels such as hydrogen, methane, alcohol fuel; The method can not only make the changing food waste minimizing; Reduce environmental pollution, and can alleviating energy crisis, the research focus of Chinese scholars become; But most of novel research is also at the experimental stage, also has a segment distance apart from practical application.
In order to improve the utilization ratio of each component of changing food waste, reduce production costs, the full biomass conversion that fully utilizes multiple treatment technology completion diet and kitchen wastes will be a development in future trend.Patent CN 100537063C extracts grease as the raw material of industry from changing food waste, solid drying is pulverized the preparation feed.CN 100560239C extracts grease from changing food waste after, solid state component becomes active protein feed through the beneficial bacterium solid fermentation, and liquid component changes into liquid bio bacterial manure through secondary fermentation.CN 101274860B at first utilizes the water shape thing anaerobic fermentation methane in the changing food waste, and through the methyl hydride combustion generating, solid content adds Chinese herbal medicine dubbed feed and fertilizer again.More than existing changing food waste treatment process all simple relatively, the raw material components utilization is incomplete, added value of product is low cause the changing food waste processing cost to increase and energy resource consumption bigger.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of full biomass resourceization and utilize the method for changing food waste, the polysaccharide component in the changing food waste is used to produce alcohol fuel, grease changes into biodiesel, and protein component then is used for thalli growth and produces protein feed.The full constituent utilization of changing food waste and the overall process environmental protection of operating process have been realized; Obtain high value added products such as alcohol fuel, biodiesel, protein feed, both can reduce environmental pollution, increase economic efficiency; Again fuel energy can be provided, alleviate energy pressure.
The new method of the full biomass resource utilization of a kind of changing food waste, its technical scheme is following:
1. preliminary sorting: the changing food waste of collecting is carried out removal of impurities handle, magnetic separation metal sundries and manual sorting go out other abiotic matter class component (grit, glass, plastics etc.).
2. Separation of Solid and Liquid: the changing food waste after letter sorting removes wherein a large amount of profit components through the filter press press filtration, and making its water content is 40-70%, and solid constituent gets into pulverizer, changing food waste is pulverized the fermentation that is used for follow-up alcohol fuel for unified particle diameter; Liquid component gets into oil water separator and carries out water-oil separating.
3. the water-oil separating of liquid: the liquid that above-mentioned steps 2 obtains carries out water-oil separating through oil water separator, grease obtainedly is used to prepare biodiesel, organic wastewater recycle after certain PROCESS FOR TREATMENT.
4. the production of protein feed: contain a large amount of food waste albumen and yeast cells albumen in alcohol fermentation liquid that obtains in the above-mentioned steps 2 and the residue, after centrifugation, solid carries out product drying and granulating and forming, processes high protein feed.
5. wastewater treatment: waste water comprehensive utilization immobilized biological activated carbon technology absorption degradation and membrane separation technique advanced treating that above-mentioned steps 2,3,4 produces reach discharging standards and also can recycle.
Described changing food waste comprises hotel's restaurant food rubbish, household kitchen wastes and canteen changing food waste.
Said production of fuel ethanol method is: the changing food waste after pulverize (1) directly adds Ye Huamei 0.1% (w/w) at 85 ℃ of 30min that liquefy down; (2) pH that uses NaOH or sulfuric acid to regulate liquefaction back material is 4.5-5.0, under 45 ℃, adds carbohydrase 0.04% (w/w) and pectase 0.01% (w/w) enzymatic saccharification 4h simultaneously; (3) material after the saccharification uses NaOH or sulfuric acid adjusting pH to be 5-6, inoculates brewer's dried yeast 0.3% (w/w) anaerobic fermentation 20h down for 30 ℃; (4) after the zymotic fluid centrifugation, liquid distillation purification ethanol, solid drying is pulverized and is produced protein feed.
The production method of said biodiesel is: waste oil is processed bullion oil through transesterification in pillar foam film bioreactor, process biodiesel through vacuum distillation then.
Said method of wastewater treatment is: waste water is earlier through the immobilized biological activated carbon absorption degradation, then through the hyperfiltration membrane assembly advanced treating.
The present invention fully utilizes multiple new technique according to the compositing characteristic of changing food waste, develops a changing food waste minimizing, resource and energy comprehensive utilization and novel technique for harmless treatment, and its advantage is:
1. adopt multienzyme method composite, fractional hydrolysis to prepare alcohol fuel, overcome the defective of single enzymolysis, make starch, cellulose family carbohydrate in the changing food waste efficiently be converted into fermentability monose, shortened the alcohol fermentation time greatly.
2. adopt pillar foam film bioreactor production biodiesel, make up the reaction in-situ separation coupling device, realize that in efficient mass transfer enzyme again with separating with product, efficiently is converted into biodiesel with waste oil.
3. the high protein feed produced of the present invention, abundant nutrients does not have any chemical addition agent composition, is a kind of green nourishing high protein feed of novel super quality and competitive price.
4. the various components to changing food waste efficiently transform respectively; Polysaccharide component (starch, cellulose, hemicellulose etc.) is used to produce alcohol fuel, and grease changes into biodiesel, and protein component then is used for thalli growth and produces protein feed; Realize the full biomass resource recovery energy of changing food waste; Obtain high value added product, reduced the processing cost of changing food waste, improved economic benefit.
5. conversion process adopts enzymatic hydrolysis and bio-fermentation process, and operating process is gentle, does not add contamination reagent such as strong acid and strong base.The organic wastewater that each process produces can be recycled after special process is handled, and has reduced water consumption and energy consumption.
6. changing food waste is turned waste into wealth, reduced disposal of pollutants, reduced environmental risk, and blocked illegal channel, safeguarded the public food safety and sanitation, greatly promoted the energy-saving and emission-reduction of catering industry and the development of resource-conserving and environment-friendly society.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 utilizes the process flow diagram of method for the full biomass resourceization of a kind of changing food waste of patent of the present invention
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1: the changing food waste of collecting from the restaurant prepares alcohol fuel, biodiesel and protein feed
The changing food waste manual sorting who collects is gone out abiotic matter class component and selects the metal sundries of sneaking into by concentration equipment movably; Send into filter press then and carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, a large amount of profit components that remove get into oil-water separator and carry out the grease extraction, and waste water gets into sewage disposal system; Solid constituent water content after the dehydration de-oiling is sent it into pulverizer, the particle diameter≤1cm after the pulverizing 70%.1000g material after the pulverizing is sent in the alcohol fermentation jar, adds the 5g Ye Huamei, at 85 ℃ of 30min that liquefy down; Fermentation jar temperature is cooled to 45 ℃, and the pH that uses sulfuric acid or NaOH to regulate material is 4.5-5.0, adds carbohydrase and pectase, enzymolysis 4h under the mechanical agitation; Regulating material pH is 5-6, inoculates brewer's dried yeast 15g anaerobic fermentation 20h down for 30 ℃, and concentration of alcohol reaches 60g/l in the zymotic fluid, and liquid entering destilling tower distills purification after centrifugation, obtains ethanol 71g.The waste oil of said extracted is sent into pillar foam film bioreactor, purifies through transesterification and vacuum distillation, obtains biodiesel 82g.The residue of alcohol fermentation liquid after centrifugation processed protein feed 91g 90 ℃ of drying and crushing.
Embodiment 2: the changing food waste of collecting from the dining room prepares alcohol fuel, biodiesel and protein feed
The changing food waste manual sorting who collects from the dining room goes out abiotic matter class component and selects the metal sundries of sneaking into by concentration equipment movably; Send into filter press then and carry out Separation of Solid and Liquid, the profit component that removes gets into oil-water separator and carries out the grease extraction, and waste water gets into sewage disposal system; Solid constituent water content after the dehydration de-oiling is sent it into pulverizer, the particle diameter≤1cm after the pulverizing 70%.1000g material after the pulverizing is sent in the alcohol fermentation jar, adds the 5g Ye Huamei, at 85 ℃ of 30min that liquefy down; Fermentation jar temperature is cooled to 45 ℃, and the pH that uses sulfuric acid or NaOH to regulate material is 4.5-5.0, adds carbohydrase and pectase, enzymolysis 4h under the mechanical agitation; Regulating material pH is 5-6, inoculates brewer's dried yeast 15g anaerobic fermentation 20h down for 30 ℃, and concentration of alcohol reaches 63g/l in the zymotic fluid, and liquid entering destilling tower distills purification after centrifugation, obtains ethanol 76.3g.The waste oil of said extracted is sent into pillar foam film bioreactor, purifies through transesterification and vacuum distillation, obtains biodiesel 78g.The residue of alcohol fermentation liquid after centrifugation processed protein feed 86g 90 ℃ of drying and crushing.
Claims (5)
1. a full biomass resourceization is utilized the method for changing food waste, it is characterized in that it comprises following operating procedure:
(1) preliminary sorting: the changing food waste of collecting is carried out removal of impurities handle, magnetic separation metal sundries and manual sorting go out other abiotic matter class component (grit, glass, plastics etc.).
(2) Separation of Solid and Liquid: the changing food waste after letter sorting removes wherein a large amount of profit components through press filtration, and solid constituent gets into pulverizer, changing food waste is pulverized the fermentation that is used for follow-up alcohol fuel for unified particle diameter; Liquid component gets into oil water separator and carries out water-oil separating.
(3) water-oil separating of liquid: the liquid that above-mentioned steps (2) obtains carries out water-oil separating through oil water separator, and the gained waste oil is used to prepare biodiesel, organic wastewater recycle after certain PROCESS FOR TREATMENT.
(4) production of protein feed: contain a large amount of food waste albumen and yeast cells albumen in zymotic fluid in the step (2) after the fuel ethanol production and the residue, after centrifugation, solid carries out product drying and granulating and forming, processes high protein feed.
(5) wastewater treatment: waste water comprehensive utilization immobilized biological activated carbon technology absorption degradation and membrane separation technique advanced treating that above-mentioned steps (2), (3), (4) produce reach discharging standards and also can recycle.
2. processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described changing food waste comprises hotel's restaurant food rubbish, household kitchen wastes and canteen changing food waste.
3. processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that the said production of fuel ethanol method of step (2) is: the changing food waste after pulverize (1) directly adds Ye Huamei 0.1% (w/w) at 85 ℃ of 30min that liquefy down; (2) pH that uses NaOH or sulfuric acid to regulate liquefaction back material is 4.5-5.0, under 45 ℃, adds carbohydrase 0.04% (w/w) and pectase 0.01% (w/w) enzymatic saccharification 4h simultaneously; (3) material after the saccharification uses NaOH or sulfuric acid adjusting pH to be 5-6, inoculates brewer's dried yeast 0.3% (w/w) anaerobic fermentation 20h down for 30 ℃; (4) zymotic fluid is after centrifugation, and liquid distills purification ethanol, and solid drying is pulverized and produced protein feed.
4. processing method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the production method of the said biodiesel of step (3) is: waste oil is processed bullion oil through transesterification in pillar foam film bioreactor, process biodiesel through rectification under vacuum then.
5. processing method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described method of wastewater treatment is: waste water is earlier through the immobilized biological activated carbon absorption degradation, then through the hyperfiltration membrane assembly advanced treating.
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Cited By (26)
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| CN102744242A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-10-24 | 安阳艾尔旺新能源环境有限公司 | Disposal process of kitchen garbage |
| CN102864020A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-09 | 山东轻工业学院 | Food scrap treatment device |
| CN103084379A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-08 | 陈丰 | Environment-friendly comprehensive treatment method for kitchen garbage and waste oil |
| CN103111455A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-22 | 陈丰 | Environment-friendly comprehensive treatment method for household garbage and waste oil and fat |
| CN103159367A (en) * | 2013-03-04 | 2013-06-19 | 广州护源环境保护科技有限公司 | Kitchen waste and waste water treatment integrated device and method |
| CN103194314A (en) * | 2013-03-19 | 2013-07-10 | 陈源森 | Method for treating waste oil |
| CN103449668A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for treating restaurant wastewater through combination of microbial decomposition and active carbon adsorption |
| CN103480631A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 李康敏 | Catering industry and garden biomass waste resource recycling and comprehensive utilization process |
| CN103624062A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏晨洁再生资源科技有限公司 | Method for treating kitchen waste |
| CN103817139A (en) * | 2014-03-13 | 2014-05-28 | 湖州铁佛耐火材料有限公司 | Organic mixture pre-sorting system |
| CN104304648A (en) * | 2014-10-21 | 2015-01-28 | 衡山卓越生物科技有限责任公司 | Method for converting kitchen waste as well as waste animals and plants into yeast protein feed |
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| CN106180122A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-12-07 | 江苏工博环保能源研究院有限公司 | Changing food waste information classification approach |
| CN109759424A (en) * | 2019-02-26 | 2019-05-17 | 刘西成 | A kind of method for organic waste disposal |
| CN110064642A (en) * | 2019-04-30 | 2019-07-30 | 广州市广环环保科技有限公司 | A kind of restaurant garbage treating system and its application method |
| CN110252483A (en) * | 2019-07-03 | 2019-09-20 | 陈建祥 | Food waste treatment device |
| CN110606689A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2019-12-24 | 武汉工程大学 | Foam concrete with kitchen waste and building waste as raw materials and preparation method thereof |
| CN111054734A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-24 | 天津膜天膜科技股份有限公司 | Kitchen waste recycling system and using method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102744242A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-10-24 | 安阳艾尔旺新能源环境有限公司 | Disposal process of kitchen garbage |
| CN102864020A (en) * | 2012-09-24 | 2013-01-09 | 山东轻工业学院 | Food scrap treatment device |
| CN103084379B (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2015-05-06 | 陈丰 | Environment-friendly comprehensive treatment method for kitchen garbage and waste oil |
| CN103084379A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-08 | 陈丰 | Environment-friendly comprehensive treatment method for kitchen garbage and waste oil |
| CN103111455A (en) * | 2013-01-30 | 2013-05-22 | 陈丰 | Environment-friendly comprehensive treatment method for household garbage and waste oil and fat |
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| CN103449668A (en) * | 2013-08-30 | 2013-12-18 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for treating restaurant wastewater through combination of microbial decomposition and active carbon adsorption |
| CN103480631A (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2014-01-01 | 李康敏 | Catering industry and garden biomass waste resource recycling and comprehensive utilization process |
| CN103480631B (en) * | 2013-09-18 | 2016-05-11 | 李康敏 | Food and drink gardens biomass castoff resources circulation comprehensive utilization process |
| CN103624062A (en) * | 2013-11-05 | 2014-03-12 | 江苏晨洁再生资源科技有限公司 | Method for treating kitchen waste |
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Application publication date: 20120711 |