CN100397972C - Method for recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region - Google Patents
Method for recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region Download PDFInfo
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- CN100397972C CN100397972C CNB2005100469477A CN200510046947A CN100397972C CN 100397972 C CN100397972 C CN 100397972C CN B2005100469477 A CNB2005100469477 A CN B2005100469477A CN 200510046947 A CN200510046947 A CN 200510046947A CN 100397972 C CN100397972 C CN 100397972C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a method for recovering vegetation on rock domes in northern regions. The present invention has the following steps of dome treatment, dome cleaning treatment, plant species selection, substrate arrangement, substrate spraying and sowing and protective treatment. Anchor bars are arranged and are fixedly hung with plastic package metal meshes, plant seeds which are suitable for local climatic condition are selected, gramineae and leguminous plants are used as main parts, and the selected plant seeds are mixed. Sandy loam, turf, rice straw segments, complex fertilizer, water, cement and water retention agents are selected as substrate materials, and the spare substrate is formed after the selected substrate materials are stirred uniformly. The spare substrate is sprayed and sown on the rock dome which is hung with the metal meshes, and then the spare substrate is sprayed and sown on the surface which is sprayed with a substrate layer after the mixed seeds are added into the spare substrate. The substrate layer which is sprayed and sown is covered with a protective layer used for maintaining the substrate layer, and the whole process of the present invention is completed. The present invention is suitable for recovering the vegetation on rock domes in northern regions and has good effect of soil and water conservation.
Description
One, technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of technology for recovering vegetation, especially relate to and a kind ofly be applicable to that the rock of northern area is domatic, adopt revegetation to carry out the method for ecological recovery and side slope protection it.
Two, background technology:
In recent years, along with China's rapid economic development, the capital construction fast development, the startup of key infrastructure projects such as particularly national high-grade highway net construction, must cause original landforms and natural vegetation to destroy, it is domatic that the formation large tracts of land is exposed, and destroys extremely serious to the ecological balance, if untimely improvement may cause serious natural calamities such as water and soil loss.At present, at domatic preferably manual inseminating or the hydraulic pressure various water and soil conservation greening techniques such as sow grass seeds by duster that carry out of soil condition, difficulty is lower; But, still take engineering protection measures such as whitewashing, stone-laying, linked network for soil property situation relatively poor side slope, especially rock slope.Engineering measure bank protection, not only ruined vegetation can not get recovering, and influence domatic and peripheral ecological environment and landscape effect.
Domestic vegetative protection to native side slope of poor quality and rock slope does not also have very perfect technical solution at present.In recent years, some experiences have been found out in the domestic trial of having carried out some alien earth spargings on southern area such as Guangdong, Sichuan and other places, and also have some relevant patents and invention to come out, but also have many needs to update and improve part.And the research of the northern area of China (mainly being meant the province to the north of the Yellow River) aspect the domatic technology for recovering vegetation of rock is less relatively, the experience that southern area is obtained can not directly be quoted at northern area: China is from south to north, weather, vegetation, topography and geomorphology significant difference: southern rainfall is many, can keep the needs of slope plant growth, and northern area precipitation is less, and more concentrated relatively, the long dry season was arranged among 1 year; The rock slope greening guard technology that southern area is used is now easily degenerated based on turfgrass gramineous, and so implements in the north, and the dry season needs the emphasis maintenance, and investment is big; In addition, the northern area winter temperature is lower, so much show plant preferably because the season arid and the restriction of winter low temperature and can not using at northern area of being grown at southern area; Once more, after the rock slope revegetation, the necessary source of nutrition problem of plant growing is an important problem of puzzlement rock slope alien earth sparging all the time.In addition, the naked wire netting in the north gets rusty in 3 years fast, especially in frozen-thaw process, occurs tensile phenomenon very soon.
Three, summary of the invention:
1, goal of the invention: the method that the invention provides a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region, its objective is that the solution the northern area of China dry season is long, behind the rock slope alien earth sparging, vegetation subjects to serious drought stress and fails, vegetation can not well be recovered, and after the revegetation, the problem that the necessary nutrition of plant growing does not catch up with and traditional aspects such as Chain Link Fence life-span weak point exist.
2, technical scheme: the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region is characterized in that: carry out as follows:
A, slope surface treatment: handle on the domatic clear slope of removing foreign material of rock of need being carried out revegetation, on the rock after the processing is domatic anchor pole is set, and fixedly mounts wire netting on anchor pole;
B, floristics are selected: select the plant seed that is fit to the local climate condition for use, based on grass family and leguminous plant, selected leguminous plant and selected gramineous plants be fixing soil stage by stage, and selected plant seed is mixed;
C, matrix configuration: selecting sandy loam, the peat composed of rotten mosses, straw section, composite fertilizer, water, cement, water-loss reducer is host material, selected host material is evenly stirred the back form standby matrix;
D, the matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster: with above-mentioned standby matrix by the method for sowing grass seeds by duster be filled into the rock of close plating net domatic on, form the hypothallus that has seed;
E, protective treatment: protective mulch is preserved moisture and is prevented that precipitation from washing away matrix on the hypothallus after sowing grass seeds by duster.
The grass family grass seeds of selecting is meadow bromegrass, awnless brome, Elymus nutans, crested wheat grass, English ryegrass, chewing fescue, Korea lawn grass, kentucky blue grass; Leguminous plant is shrub lespedeza, shrubby flase indigo, alfalfa, crown vetch, caragana microphylla; The method of mixing is the grass family grass seeds with seeds of leguminous plant is that 1: 1 ratio is mixed in quantity.
Host material uses sandy loam 700～900kg, the peat composed of rotten mosses 50～80kg, straw section 40～70kg by every cubic metre, composite fertilizer 8～20kg, water 70～100kg, cement 50～90kg, water-loss reducer 0.8～2.3kg chooses, and selected host material is evenly stirred the back form standby matrix.
In the process of matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster, to carry out in two steps, the first step is sowed grass seeds by duster on the rock that hangs with wire netting is domatic and is not with the standby matrix of plant seed, and forming thickness is the hypothallus of 10～12cm; Second step added plant seed in standby matrix, sow grass seeds by duster to form the thick Seed Layer of 3～4cm on established hypothallus.
The addition of plant seed is by 8000～16000 seedlings/m
2Calculate.
Wire netting is that machine is compiled spiral plastic packaging steel wire, and size of mesh is 8 * 8cm, steel wire diameter 3.0mm, tensile strength 〉=400Mpa.
Protective layer is a nonwoven.
The plant seed that the difficulty of selecting for use is sprouted carries out the vernalization processing, promotes it to emerge as early as possible, survive in the combinations of mixed that sets.
Before the above-mentioned matrix step of sowing grass seeds by duster, pre-buried fertilizer bin rock is domatic is for domatic plant growing of later stage provides nutrient.
3, advantage and effect: by the enforcement of technical solution of the present invention, it is long to solve the northern area of China dry season well, behind the rock slope alien earth sparging, vegetation subjects to serious drought stress and fails, vegetation can not well be recovered, and after the revegetation, the problem that the necessary nutrition of plant growing does not catch up with and traditional aspects such as Chain Link Fence life-span weak point exist.The rock slope technology for recovering vegetation that the present invention proposes, be based on the northern area of China, can overcome some shortcomings of existing rock slope guard technology: select for use to be fit to local floristics, adopt domatic anchor pole linked network and alien earth sparging greening technique to combine, create and be fit to plant growing condition, set up good soil and water conservation effect as early as possible, reduced the domatic run-off and the cost of maintenance management, and can bring better landscape effect and ecological effect.The theoretical foundation of this technology is the ecological afforestation engineering theory, promptly recovers the zone natural vegetation, emphasizes by the vegetation succession rule, by artificial householder method, recovers structure and the ecological functions of natural vegetation as far as possible.Gramineous plants with can be them and provide the leguminous plant of nutrient to carry out mixed seeding in the respective numbers ratio after, can protect soil stage by stage: the gramineous plants growth is fast, root system is based on the root system of level, can play the booster action of horizontal direction to matrix, mainly protect soil in early days, guarantee the stability of hypothallus, growth dark and other plant that root system is firm more helps burying, fabaceous root system mainly is the system of taproot, can play the effect of supporting and increasing the bulk strength of hypothallus to hypothallus; In addition, the present rock slope greening guard technology of southern area is based on turfgrass gramineous, easily degenerate, need emphasis maintenance investment big in the dry season, technology of the present invention vegetation at a specified future date is fruticeta's form, final stable purpose plant is really accomplished non-maintaining for not needing the leguminous plant (but drought-resistant barren and fixed nitrogen autotrophy) of maintenance.
The naked wire netting in the north gets rusty in 3 years fast, especially in frozen-thaw process, tensile phenomenon appears very soon, the plastic packaging steel wire that adopts is provided with the plastic packaging overcoat outward, the erosion and the metal that can reduce wind, rain directly contact the infringement that causes oxidation with air, greatly improve the life-span of steel wire, prolonged the effective time of slope protection; By pre-buried fertilizer bin, can replenish the required nutrient of domatic plant late growing stage well.Rock is domatic covered by vegetation after, avoided the rock decay that causes because of wind, Exposure to Sunlight and rainfall etc. or domatic water and soil loss, when having protected the ecological balance, also improved near the safety at position rock is domatic.
Four, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the scheme of installation of fertilizer bin of the present invention.
Five, embodiment:
The method of a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region of the present invention, carry out as follows:
A, slope surface treatment: it is domatic to choose the rock that need carry out restore vegetation, domatic etc. as the rock of highway excavation section, it is carried out slope clearly handle: remove the rubble on domatic, outstanding rock etc., and domatic repairing is smooth; Remove the deposit of toe, on the rock after the processing is domatic, punch, then anchor pole is fixed in the hole with cement mortar with pneumatic drill, the anchor pole of selecting for use is a screw-thread steel, long 40cm, diameter 18mm, anchor pole degree of depth 32cm in the time of fixedly, spacing 1.0m * 1.0m fixedly mounts the plastic packaging steel wire on anchor pole, plastic packaging steel wire and domatic about 8cm that keeps at a distance, the plastic packaging steel wire is that machine is compiled spirality plastic packaging steel wire, size of mesh is 8 * 8cm, steel wire diameter 3.0mm, tensile strength 〉=400Mpa;
B, floristics select: select the plant seed that is fit to the local climate condition for use, based on grass family and leguminous plant: grass family is: awnless brome, crested wheat grass, Elymus nutans, English ryegrass, chewing fescue; Leguminous plant is: shrub lespedeza, shrubby flase indigo, alfalfa, caragana microphylla; Selected leguminous plant and gramineous plants be fixing soil stage by stage, and leguminous plant can also increase the nutrient of soil, helps keeping the nutrient environment condition of domatic soil; The two cooperates, and has finely guaranteed that the effect after the vegetation plantation has also increased the ability that prevents erosion; The method of mixing is the grass family grass seeds with plant such as pulse family is that 1: 1 ratio is mixed in quantity; Promote it to emerge as early as possible with hot water seed soaking or concentrated sulfuric acid seed soaking in the difficult seed of sprouting in the plant seed of selecting;
C, matrix configuration: every cubic metre is used sandy loam 820kg, peat composed of rotten mosses 70kg, straw section 55kg, composite fertilizer 13kg, water 85kg, cement look the slope than getting 75kg, and water-loss reducer 1.3kg is after each host material stirred, add the pH value conditioning agent, regulate pH value, obtain standby matrix to neutral;
D, the matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster: with above-mentioned standby matrix with air compressor machine sow grass seeds by duster to the rock of hanging the plastic packaging steel wire domatic on, it is domatic to covering fully to sow grass seeds by duster, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 12cm; Add a certain amount of above-mentioned prior seed of handling through vernalization then in standby matrix, seeding quantity is by 8000～16000 seedlings/m
2Calculate, above before the hypothallus of sowing grass seeds by duster, the thickness of sowing grass seeds by duster is 3cm, covers nonwoven on the hypothallus after sowing grass seeds by duster and prevents that precipitation from washing away, and can also preserve moisture simultaneously; To the hypothallus maintenance, watering keeps soil layer moistening, reduces the number of times that waters behind the Cheng Ping gradually.
As shown in Figure 1, before the matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster domatic pre-buried fertilizer bin, it can be well for domatic plant growing of later stage provides nutrient, fertilizer bin 2 is a round barrel shape, its internal diameter is 12cm, the packing density of fertilizer bin 2 on domatic 1 is 1/m
2
Utilize the method for revegetation of the present invention; to rock is domatic carry out revegetation after; when having protected the ecological balance; improved landscape effect; avoid landslide that the rock decay that causes because of wind, Exposure to Sunlight and rainfall etc. and water and soil loss cause, rock whereabouts etc. simultaneously, kept the domatic stability of rock.
Claims (8)
1. the method for a recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region is characterized in that: carry out as follows:
A, slope surface treatment: handle on the domatic clear slope of removing foreign material of rock of need being carried out revegetation, on the rock after the processing is domatic anchor pole is set, and fixedly mounts wire netting on anchor pole;
B, floristics are selected: select the plant seed that is fit to the local climate condition for use, based on grass family and leguminous plant, selected leguminous plant and selected gramineous plants be fixing soil stage by stage, and selected plant seed is mixed;
C, matrix configuration: selecting sandy loam, the peat composed of rotten mosses, straw section, composite fertilizer, water, cement, water-loss reducer is host material, selected host material is evenly stirred the back form standby matrix;
D, the matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster: with above-mentioned standby matrix by the method for sowing grass seeds by duster be filled into the rock of close plating net domatic on, form the hypothallus that has seed;
E, protective treatment: protective mulch is preserved moisture and is prevented that precipitation from washing away matrix on the hypothallus after sowing grass seeds by duster;
The grass family grass seeds of described selection is meadow bromegrass, awnless brome, Elymus nutans, crested wheat grass, English ryegrass, chewing fescue, Korea lawn grass, kentucky blue grass; Leguminous plant is shrub lespedeza, shrubby flase indigo, alfalfa, crown vetch, caragana microphylla; The method of mixing is the grass family grass seeds with seeds of leguminous plant is that 1: 1 ratio is mixed in quantity.
2. according to the method for a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: host material uses sandy loam 700～900kg by every cubic metre, the peat composed of rotten mosses 50～80kg, straw section 40～70kg, composite fertilizer 8～20kg, water 70～100kg, cement 50～90kg, water-loss reducer 0.8～2.3kg chooses, and selected host material is evenly stirred the back form standby matrix.
3. according to the method for a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the process of matrix of sowing grass seeds by duster, carry out in two steps, the first step is sowed grass seeds by duster on the rock that hangs with wire netting is domatic and is not with the standby matrix of plant seed, and forming thickness is the hypothallus of 10～12cm; Second step added plant seed in standby matrix, sow grass seeds by duster to form the thick Seed Layer of 3～4cm on established hypothallus.
4. according to the method for a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region described in the claim 3, it is characterized in that: the addition of plant seed is by 8000～16000 seedlings/m
2Calculate.
5. according to the method for a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: wire netting is that machine is compiled spiral plastic packaging steel wire, and size of mesh is 8 * 8cm, steel wire diameter 3.0mm, tensile strength 〉=400Mpa.
6. according to the method for a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: protective layer is a nonwoven.
7. according to the method for a kind of recovering vegetation on rock dome in north region described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: the plant seed that the difficulty of selecting for use is sprouted carries out the vernalization processing, promotes it to emerge as early as possible, survive in the combinations of mixed that sets.
8. according to the domatic technology for recovering vegetation of a kind of northern rock described in the claim 1, it is characterized in that: before the above-mentioned matrix step of sowing grass seeds by duster, pre-buried fertilizer bin rock is domatic is for domatic plant growing of later stage provides nutrient.
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| CN101836544B (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-10-19 | 四川大学 | Construction method of plant community in Central China |
| CN101836543B (en) * | 2010-05-04 | 2011-10-19 | 四川大学 | Method for establishing plant community in North China |
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| CN109601045B (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2022-08-09 | 中节能铁汉生态环境股份有限公司 | Rock slope repairing method |
| CN110122263A (en) * | 2019-06-21 | 2019-08-16 | 三峡大学 | A kind of preparation method and application for the material of sowing grass seeds by duster improving soil granular structure |
| CN111165113B (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2021-05-07 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Method for improving compacted soil of strip mine refuse dump |
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