CN100389992C - 轨道车辆的制动装置 - Google Patents

轨道车辆的制动装置 Download PDF

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CN100389992C
CN100389992C CNB2004800143457A CN200480014345A CN100389992C CN 100389992 C CN100389992 C CN 100389992C CN B2004800143457 A CNB2004800143457 A CN B2004800143457A CN 200480014345 A CN200480014345 A CN 200480014345A CN 100389992 C CN100389992 C CN 100389992C
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pressure
interface
cylinder
brake cylinder
standpipe
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CN1835860A (zh
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J·胡贝尔
A·加格
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Knorr Bremse Systeme fuer Schienenfahrzeuge GmbH
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/26Compressed-air systems
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/26Compressed-air systems
    • B60T13/36Compressed-air systems direct, i.e. brakes applied directly by compressed air
    • B60T13/365Compressed-air systems direct, i.e. brakes applied directly by compressed air for railway vehicles
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/26Compressed-air systems
    • B60T13/261Compressed-air systems systems with both indirect application and application by springs or weights and released by compressed air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T13/00Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
    • B60T13/10Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
    • B60T13/24Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release the fluid being gaseous
    • B60T13/26Compressed-air systems
    • B60T13/36Compressed-air systems direct, i.e. brakes applied directly by compressed air
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T15/00Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
    • B60T15/02Application and release valves
    • B60T15/04Driver's valves
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T15/00Construction arrangement, or operation of valves incorporated in power brake systems and not covered by groups B60T11/00 or B60T13/00
    • B60T15/02Application and release valves
    • B60T15/18Triple or other relay valves which allow step-wise application or release and which are actuated by brake-pipe pressure variation to connect brake cylinders or equivalent to compressed air or vacuum source or atmosphere
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60TVEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T17/00Component parts, details, or accessories of power brake systems not covered by groups B60T8/00, B60T13/00 or B60T15/00, or presenting other characteristic features
    • B60T17/08Brake cylinders other than ultimate actuators
    • B60T17/083Combination of service brake actuators with spring loaded brake actuators

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Valves And Accessory Devices For Braking Systems (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)
  • Braking Systems And Boosters (AREA)
  • Braking Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种轨道车辆的制动装置(1),包括至少一个带有压力管接口(38)的弹簧蓄能缸(36);至少一个带有压力管接口(42)的工作制动缸(40),该压力管接口可承受一个工作制动压力(C);一个带有至少三个接口(54,56,58)的控制阀装置(52),其中,与弹簧蓄能缸(36)的压力管接口(38)连通的第一接口(54)与可被施以一个从一压力容器引出的压力(R)的第二接口(56)或者与第三接口(58)连通。本发明设置成使得控制阀装置(52)的第三接口(57)与工作制动缸(40)的压力管接口(42)连通。

Description

轨道车辆的制动装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种轨道车辆的制动装置。
背景技术
一种由现有技术中公知的制动装置的作用图如图1所示。该公知的制动装置1包括一个由于尺寸比例原因未示出的弹簧蓄能缸,其带有一个压力管接口2,该压力管接口附有弹簧蓄能压力PB,一个未示出的工作制动缸带有一个压力管接口4,其可被施以一个工作制动压力C,以及一个控制阀装置6。上述控制阀装置由一个两位三通换向阀构成,带有三个接口8,10,12和两个接通位置,其中,与弹簧蓄能缸的压力管接口2连通的第一接口8与可被施以一个从一压力容器引出的压力R的第二接口10或者与第三接口连通,其中第三接口是一个与大气相通的排气接口12。工作制动缸的压力管接口4与一个中继阀装置16的压力输出端14连通,中继阀装置依据一个由从一压力容器引出的容器压力RC构成的控制压力CV,产生上述工作制动压力C。一个管段20从将中继阀16的压力输出端14与工作制动缸的压力管接口4相连的管道18分出,上述管段通向一个转换阀门26的两个输入端22,24中的一个。转换阀门26的另一个输入端24通过管道28与两位三通换向阀6的第一接口8连通,而输出端30通过管道32接通到弹簧蓄能缸的压力管接口2处。转换阀门26以公知的方式形成,用以将在其两个输入端22,24处存在的压力的较大者与其输出端30接通。弹簧蓄能缸是一个被动式制动缸,其借助压力升高而被释放,并且通过压力下降而被压紧,而工作制动缸是一个主动式制动缸,其中压力升高引起制动压紧并且压力下降引起制动释放。工作制动缸和弹簧蓄能缸两者作用于一个共同的由于尺寸比例原因未示出的制动机构,例如一个具有可贴紧制动盘的刹车摩擦片的制动钳。
根据一种状态,其中的工作制动缸和弹簧蓄能缸都释放,装备有一个这样的制动装置1的轨道车辆现在应当被制动。为了先释放弹簧蓄能缸和工作制动缸,两位三通换向阀必须这样操作,以使得第一接口8与第二接口10连通,第三接口12截止。于是,在管道28中存在松开压力R,而中继阀16则使连接于其后面的管道18排气,从而工作制动压力C是低的。因此,一方面加载低的工作制动压力C以及另一方面加载高的容器压力R的转换阀门26将后者在弹簧蓄能缸处控制为释放压力PB,从而保持弹簧蓄能制动被释放。
在这种状态下,轨道车辆应当被制动并且可靠地停放,相应的中继阀16的动作使得工作制动压力C提高,工作制动缸压紧并且轨道车辆停止。两位三通换向阀6接通成在图1所示的位置,其中第一接口8与排气接口12连通。这引起管道28中的压力下降。因此在转换阀门26处实现由相应的中继阀16的动作而提高的工作制动压力C,该压力C通过管道32到达弹簧蓄能缸,并且保持其在释放位置,同时该压力进一步压缩工作制动缸,由此防止轨道车辆开走。因此转换阀门26用于使得制动机构总是或者由工作制动缸或者由弹簧蓄能缸控制,但是决不由二者同时控制,因为否则的话,具有一个受限制的疲劳极限的制动机构会超负荷。特别是在两个输入端22,24具有较小的压力差的情况下,这样的转换阀门26时常是不可靠的。
发明内容
因此本发明的任务是对开头提到的那种制动装置进行改进,使得其工作可靠,并且更经济地制造。
为此,本发明提供一种轨道车辆的制动装置,包括:a)至少一个带有压力管接口的弹簧蓄能缸,b)至少一个带有压力管接口的工作制动缸,该压力管接口可被施以一个工作制动压力,c)一个带有至少三个接口的控制阀装置,其中,与弹簧蓄能缸的压力管接口连通的第一接口与可被施以一个从一压力容器引出的压力的第二接口或者与第三接口连通,其特征在于,d)控制阀装置的第三接口与工作制动缸的压力管接口连通。
本发明的优点:
通过控制阀装置的第三接口与工作制动缸的压力管接口连通,使得转换阀门能够完全被放弃。放弃换向阀,一方面在轨道车辆领域中转向架制动机的零件数量高的背景下使制造成本显著降低,另一方面也使可靠性得以提高。转换阀门的作用现在由本来就具有的控制阀装置以双重功能的方式承担,使得制动装置的零件数目有利地减少。
根据本发明的制动装置的详细的作用方式借助于随后描述的优选实施例会更清楚。
附图说明
图1示出了由现有技术公知的制动装置的作用方式示意图;
图2示出了按照本发明制动装置的一个优选实施例的作用方式示意图。
附图标记目录:
1制动装置        52控制阀装置
2压力管接口      54接口
4压力管接口      56接口
6控制阀装置      58接口
8接口       35   60管道
10接口           62管道
12接口           64压力输出端
14压力管接口     66中继阀装置
16中继阀         68管道
18管道
20管段
22输入端
24输入端
26转换阀门
28管道
30输出端
32管道
34制动装置
36弹簧蓄能缸
38压力管接口
40工作制动缸
42压力管接口
44制动钳
48制动盘
50刹车摩擦片
具体实施方式
如图2所示的制动装置34用于轨道车辆的转向架制动,并且包括一个带有压力管接口38的弹簧蓄能缸36,该缸可连接一个弹簧蓄能压力PB,以及包括一个带有压力管接口42的工作制动缸40,该压力管接口被施以一个工作制动压力C。
弹簧蓄能缸36例如是一个被动式制动缸,它通过压力升高反抗其蓄能弹簧43的作用而释放,并且通过压力下降而被压缩。与之相反,工作制动缸40优选是一个主动式制动缸,其中一个压力升高造成制动的压紧并且压力下降引起制动的释放。可选择的是,弹簧蓄能缸40是一个主动式制动缸,并且工作制动缸36是一个被动式制动缸。重要的是,两个制动缸在压力改变时以相反操作的方式工作。工作制动缸40和弹簧蓄能缸36二者作用于一个共同的制动机构,例如一个制动钳44,其具有可压在制动盘48上的刹车摩擦片50。
一种控制阀装置优选由一个两位三通换向阀52形成,其具有三个接口54,56,58和两个切换位置,其中通过一个管道60与弹簧蓄能缸36的压力管接口38连通的第一接口54与可被施以一个从一为弹簧蓄能缸36配备的压力容器引出的压力R的第二接口56或者与第三接口58连通。此外,所述两位三通换向阀52优选是一个由未示出的控制装置电驱动的电磁阀。可选择的是,可以采用所有的实现相同作用的其他阀,例如也可以是一个脉冲阀。
工作制动缸40的压力管接口42通过另一个管道62与一个中继阀装置66的压力输出端64连通,其中上述中继阀装置依据一个由从一压力容器引出的容器压力RC构成的控制压力CV,产生工作制动压力C。一个另外的管道68从该管道62分出,管道68连接到两位三通换向阀52的第三接口58上。替代中继阀装置66,工作制动压力C还能够由任何一种控制阀,例如由一个负荷制动阀、由多个这样的阀组合,或者还可以直接由容器压力RC引出。
根据行驶状态,轨道车辆现在应当被制动并且驻车。在这种行驶状态下,工作制动缸40以及弹簧蓄能缸36必须释放,也就是说两位三通换向阀52这样接通,使得第一接口54与第二接口56连接,并且第三接口58截止。于是,由弹簧蓄能缸36的容器引出的压力R作为释放压力存在于引导到弹簧蓄能缸36的管道60中,并且保持其在释放位置反抗蓄能弹簧的作用。同时中继阀装置66使连接于其后面的管道62排气,从而工作制动压力C这样低,以至于工作制动缸40不能被压缩。因为两位三通换向阀52的第三接口58是截止的,这个低的工作制动压力C能够不被连接到弹簧蓄能缸36,因此它继续地保持在释放位置。
现在应当根据行驶状态通过工作制动的激活而引入一个制动,因此两位三通换向阀52被控制在图2所示的接通位置,其中第一接口54与第三接口58连接,第二接口56截止。这样的结果是,由相应的中继阀装置66的控制提高的工作制动压力C通过管道68存在于两位三通换向阀52的第三接口58处,通过此阀控制并且通过管道60到达弹簧蓄能缸36,以使其保持在释放位置。工作制动压力C的提高此外引起工作制动缸40压缩,并且由此止停轨道车辆。于是,压缩的工作制动缸40同样地捉成了驻车制动。
如果工作制动压力C在一定的时间以后由于有时不可避免的泄漏而下降,则工作制动缸40虽然释放,但是同时弹簧蓄能缸36压缩,因为这个缸是经由管道68、根据图2接通的两位三通换向阀52以及管道60由工作制动压力C进行加载的,于是它不再是那种情况,即,使得弹簧蓄能缸36反抗蓄能弹簧的作用力而保持释放。因此,弹簧蓄能缸36承担驻车制动的作用,其中驻车制动力由蓄能弹簧43施加。通过上述的连接控制,此外还保证:只有或者弹簧蓄能缸36或者工作制动缸40操作制动钳44。

Claims (5)

1.一种轨道车辆的制动装置(1),包括:
a)至少一个带有压力管接口(38)的弹簧蓄能缸(36),
b)至少一个带有压力管接口(42)的工作制动缸(40),该压力管接口可被施以一个工作制动压力(C),
c)一个带有至少三个接口(54,56,58)的控制阀装置(52),其中,与弹簧蓄能缸(36)的压力管接口(38)连通的第一接口(54)与可被施以一个从一压力容器引出的压力(R)的第二接口(56)者与第三接口(58)连通,其特征在于,
d)控制阀装置(52)的第三接口(58)与工作制动缸(40)的压力管接口(42)连通。
2.根据权利要求1的制动装置,其特征在于,控制阀装置包括一个两位三通换向阀(52)。
3.根据权利要求1的制动装置,其特征在于,工作制动缸(40)的压力管接口(42)与一个中继阀装置(66)的压力输出(64)连通,所述中继阀装置依据一个由从一压力容器引出的容器压力(RC)构成的控制压力(Cv),产生所述工作制动压力(C)。
4.根据权利要求2的制动装置,其特征在于,工作制动缸(40)的压力管接口(42)与一个中继阀装置(66)的压力输出端(64)连通,所述中继阀装置依据一个由从一压力容器引出的容器压力(RC)成的控制压力(Cv),产生所述工作制动压力(C)。
5.根据权利要求1至4之任一项的制动装置,其特征在于,弹簧蓄能缸(36)是一个被动式制动缸,工作制动缸(40)是一个主动式制动缸,或者弹簧蓄能缸(36)是一个主动式制动缸,工作制动缸(40)是一个被动式制动缸。
CNB2004800143457A 2003-05-28 2004-05-27 轨道车辆的制动装置 Expired - Fee Related CN100389992C (zh)

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DE10324438A DE10324438A1 (de) 2003-05-28 2003-05-28 Bremsvorrichtung eines Schienenfahrzeugs
DE10324438.7 2003-05-28

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CN100389992C true CN100389992C (zh) 2008-05-28

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DE102008033288B4 (de) * 2008-07-11 2010-04-15 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Luftversorgung einer Federspeicherbremse aus wenigstens zwei Reservedruckluftbehältern
KR101655913B1 (ko) * 2008-09-17 2016-09-08 오렌지 디지털 오디오 신호에서의 프리-에코 감쇠
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CN102910159B (zh) * 2012-10-31 2014-05-21 中铁隧道股份有限公司 隧道施工内燃牵引机车制动系统的控制方法
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CN105128839B (zh) * 2015-09-28 2018-07-06 中车资阳机车有限公司 一种机车无线遥控系统
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US20070096552A1 (en) 2007-05-03
CN1835860A (zh) 2006-09-20
WO2004106132A1 (de) 2004-12-09
EP1633613B1 (de) 2007-01-24
KR101163238B1 (ko) 2012-07-05
DE10324438A1 (de) 2004-12-16
DE502004002784D1 (de) 2007-03-15
KR20060017522A (ko) 2006-02-23
EP1633613A1 (de) 2006-03-15
ATE352464T1 (de) 2007-02-15
US7905556B2 (en) 2011-03-15

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