CN100380015C - 铰链轴承 - Google Patents

铰链轴承 Download PDF

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Publication number
CN100380015C
CN100380015C CNB2003801063760A CN200380106376A CN100380015C CN 100380015 C CN100380015 C CN 100380015C CN B2003801063760 A CNB2003801063760 A CN B2003801063760A CN 200380106376 A CN200380106376 A CN 200380106376A CN 100380015 C CN100380015 C CN 100380015C
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piston ring
retention ring
spring piston
spring retention
pivoting bearing
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CN1726354A (zh
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S·沃尔特尔
W·施穆德
R·里希特
R·布尔
H·布布利斯
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Zf Fu Erde LLC
ZF Friedrichshafen AG
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ZF Lemfoerder GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
    • F16F1/393—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type with spherical or conical sleeves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G7/00—Pivoted suspension arms; Accessories thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/0614—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints the female part of the joint being open on two sides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
    • F16C11/00—Pivots; Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/04—Pivotal connections
    • F16C11/06—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints
    • F16C11/08—Ball-joints; Other joints having more than one degree of angular freedom, i.e. universal joints with resilient bearings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16F—SPRINGS; SHOCK-ABSORBERS; MEANS FOR DAMPING VIBRATION
    • F16F1/00—Springs
    • F16F1/36—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers
    • F16F1/38—Springs made of rubber or other material having high internal friction, e.g. thermoplastic elastomers with a sleeve of elastic material between a rigid outer sleeve and a rigid inner sleeve or pin, i.e. bushing-type
    • F16F1/3842—Method of assembly, production or treatment; Mounting thereof
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/10—Mounting of suspension elements
    • B60G2204/14—Mounting of suspension arms
    • B60G2204/143—Mounting of suspension arms on the vehicle body or chassis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/41—Elastic mounts, e.g. bushings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2204/00—Indexing codes related to suspensions per se or to auxiliary parts
    • B60G2204/40—Auxiliary suspension parts; Adjustment of suspensions
    • B60G2204/416—Ball or spherical joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60G—VEHICLE SUSPENSION ARRANGEMENTS
    • B60G2206/00—Indexing codes related to the manufacturing of suspensions: constructional features, the materials used, procedures or tools
    • B60G2206/01—Constructional features of suspension elements, e.g. arms, dampers, springs
    • B60G2206/10—Constructional features of arms
    • B60G2206/11—Constructional features of arms the arm being a radius or track or torque or steering rod or stabiliser end link

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Support Of The Bearing (AREA)
  • Pivots And Pivotal Connections (AREA)
  • Springs (AREA)
  • Sliding-Contact Bearings (AREA)
  • Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
  • Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
  • Valve-Gear Or Valve Arrangements (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种最好用于汽车底盘的铰链轴承，它具有一个管状的、构成一个圆柱形内腔的铰链壳体(8)，在该壳体里装有一个金属的内部件(1)和一个围住该内部件(1)的、附着地布置在该内部件上的弹性物体(5)，其中弹性物体(5)在铰链轴承的纵轴向上在中间连接了与弹性物体粘牢连接的、构成为轴瓦的止挡环(6，7)的情况下轴向受到预紧，该止挡环与相应的、伸入到铰链壳体(8)的内腔里的突起(10)共同作用，而且其中所述突起中的至少一个由一个装入到铰链壳体(8)内腔的一个径向槽(12)里的弹簧涨圈(11)构成，该涨圈用其指向内腔中心的侧面贴靠在所述止挡环的轴向外侧面(13)中的一个上，根据本发明，所述与弹簧涨圈(11)共同作用的止挡环(6)在其面对弹簧涨圈(11)的轴向外侧面(13)上具有一个径向地在止挡环(6)的外边棱上环绕的缺口(14)，弹簧涨圈(11)在铰链轴承的装配状态下嵌入到该缺口内。通过这种方案保证了：弹簧涨圈即使在铰链轴承受到大的动载荷时也保留在其预先规定的位置上。

Description

铰链轴承
技术领域
本发明涉及一种最好用于汽车底盘部件的铰链轴承。
背景技术
那里所述的铰链轴承最好使用在载货汽车的底盘部件里。这种轴承原则上在背景技术中是成熟的。在正常工作条件下通过处于轴向预紧力的弹性物体的分子变形使内部件相对于壳体实现径向的、轴向的和万向节的运动。在装配铰链轴承时按如下方法引起预紧：内部件连同附着地布置在其上的弹性物体和粘住地在轴向方向上布置在其上的、设计成止挡环的轴承瓦装入在壳体里，接着最好通过一个压力机经由止挡环将弹性物体挤压至一个规定的尺寸，并同时将弹簧涨圈(Federsicherungsring)插入到铰链壳体内腔的径向槽里，其中对置的止挡环紧贴在一个拧入到壳体中的台肩上，因此不再可能或者只是微小地可使弹性物体重新卸压。
实践中业已表明，在某些极端工作条件下当铰链轴承承受动载荷时，正如它们在行驶中可能出现的那样，就会引起在弹性物体和弹簧涨圈之间的相对运动，这弹性物体具有粘住布置在其上的止挡环。同时在个别情况下就有如下危险：弹簧涨圈从铰链壳体的径向槽里跳出来，弹簧涨圈正是插入到该槽里的，因而铰链轴承突然地丧失其功能。
发明内容
因而本发明的任务是进一步开发所述的属于此类型的一种铰链轴承，使得即使在极端工作条件下也保证铰链轴承的可靠的作用方式，因此确保：所用的挡圈使铰链轴承的弹性物体的预紧省钱而简单，任何时候都保留在装配范围中一次固定住的位置上。
该任务通过下述铰链轴承来解决。按照本发明提供了一种用于汽车底盘的铰链轴承，它具有一个管状的、构成一个圆柱形内腔的铰链壳体，在该壳体里装有一个金属的内部件和一个围住该内部件的、附着地布置在该内部件上的弹性物体，其中该弹性物体在铰链轴承的纵轴向上在中间连接了与弹性物体粘牢连接的、构成为轴瓦的止挡环的情况下轴向受到预紧，该止挡环与相应的、伸入到铰链壳体的内腔里的突起共同作用，而且其中所述突起中的至少一个由一个装入到铰链壳体内腔的一个径向槽里的弹簧涨圈构成，该涨圈用其指向内腔中心的侧面贴靠在所述止挡环的轴向外侧面中的一个上，其特征在于，所述与弹簧涨圈共同作用的止挡环在其面对弹簧涨圈的轴向外侧面上具有一个径向地在止挡环的外边棱上环绕的缺口，弹簧涨圈在铰链轴承的装配状态下嵌入到该缺口内。
通过所述按本发明的特征组合可以可靠地排除由于弹簧涨圈的径向变形而使弹簧涨圈从位于铰链壳体里的槽中跳出来。
如果所述缺口在铰链轴承的轴向方向上的深度约为所使用的弹簧涨圈厚度的一半，那么相当于一种有利的改进方案这是足够的。
附图说明
以下根据附图对本发明的一个实施例进行详细叙述。附图所示为：
图1：一种按本发明的铰链轴承一个半剖视图；
图2：图1中细节A的放大图。
具体实施方式
铰链轴承按图1所示由一个内部件1组成，该内部件在两个自由端处具有固定轴颈2和3，用于与一个汽车部件连接。内部件1的中央设计成球形的中间部件4被一个弹性物体5围住，该弹性物体与内部件1粘住地、例如通过一种硫化过程而连接起来。在弹性物体5的在铰链轴承纵轴方向上看的端面上分别布置了止挡环6和7，并且粘住地与所述弹性物体连接。弹性物体5与止挡环6和7一起装在一个铰链壳体8里，该壳体基本上设计成管状并构成一个圆柱形内腔9。圆柱形内腔9在一侧设有一个环绕的台肩10，止挡环7就支撑在该台肩上。另一个止挡环6在铰链轴承处于装配状态时支撑压向一个弹簧涨圈11，该弹簧涨圈嵌入到铰链轴承内腔的一个环绕的径向的槽12里。该槽设计成U-形槽。弹性物体5在未装配状态下在纵轴方向上的宽度大于在台肩10的内侧面和弹簧涨圈11的内侧面之间在铰链壳体8之内的宽度。因此在装配时将弹性物体在轴向压缩，从而使弹簧涨圈11能够嵌入到为此在铰链壳体8的圆柱形内腔9里所设的槽12中去。因此就不能使弹性物体5重新卸压并且因此使之预紧。
为了保证在所有工作条件下、尤其即使在铰链轴承承受高的动载荷时弹簧涨圈11总是停留在槽12中在图1所示的位置上，铰链轴承按本发明具有特殊性，这在作为图1细节A的放大图的图2中表示。
图2表示了通过弹簧涨圈11使弹性物体5与相邻的止挡环6紧固的部位，该弹簧涨圈装在铰链壳体8的槽12里。按本发明的技术理论规定：所述与弹簧涨圈11共同作用的止挡环6在其面对弹簧涨圈的轴向外侧面13上有一个缺口14。该缺口环绕地布置在止挡环6的外边棱上并具有一个基本为矩形的横断面。在此径向的界面15由直径来确定，使它只是不显著地小于弹簧涨圈11的最小内径。
此外由图2可见，表示缺口14深度的尺寸T基本为弹簧涨圈11的厚度S的一半那么大。缺口14的几何形状和外形尺寸保证了：在装入弹簧涨圈11之后就排除了它由于动载荷而从槽12里跳出来。
附图标记列表
1     内部件
2，3  固定轴颈
4     中间部件
5     弹性物体
6，7  止挡环
8     铰链壳体
9     圆柱形内腔
10    台肩
11    弹簧涨圈
12    槽
13    外侧面
14    缺口
15    径向界面

Claims (2)

1.用于汽车底盘的铰链轴承，它具有一个管状的、构成一个圆柱形内腔的铰链壳体(8)，在该壳体里装有一个金属的内部件(1)和一个围住该内部件(1)的、附着地布置在该内部件上的弹性物体(5)，其中该弹性物体(5)在铰链轴承的纵轴向上在中间连接了与弹性物体粘牢连接的、构成为轴瓦的止挡环(6，7)的情况下轴向受到预紧，该止挡环与相应的、伸入到铰链壳体(8)的内腔里的突起(10)共同作用，而且其中所述突起中的至少一个由一个装入到铰链壳体(8)内腔的一个径向槽(12)里的弹簧涨圈(11)构成，该涨圈用其指向内腔中心的侧面贴靠在所述止挡环的轴向外侧面(13)中的一个上，其特征在于，所述与弹簧涨圈(11)共同作用的止挡环(6)在其面对弹簧涨圈(11)的轴向外侧面(13)上具有一个径向地在止挡环(6)的外边棱上环绕的缺口(14)，弹簧涨圈(11)在铰链轴承的装配状态下嵌入到该缺口内。
2.按权利要求1所述的铰链轴承，其特征在于，所述缺口(14)在铰链轴承纵轴向上的深度为弹簧涨圈(11)厚度的一半。
CNB2003801063760A 2002-12-16 2003-12-15 铰链轴承 Expired - Lifetime CN100380015C (zh)

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DE10258987.9 2002-12-16
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JP (1) JP4388900B2 (zh)
KR (1) KR101027580B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN100380015C (zh)
AT (1) ATE410617T1 (zh)
BR (1) BR0314044B1 (zh)
DE (2) DE10258987B4 (zh)
ES (1) ES2311748T3 (zh)
HK (1) HK1087756A1 (zh)
MX (1) MXPA05003770A (zh)
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US11480214B2 (en) * 2019-06-28 2022-10-25 Airbus Operations Sas Bearing assembly of a hinge coupling a first component and a second component

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DE102010052872B4 (de) 2010-12-01 2023-04-27 THK RHYTHM AUTOMOTIVE GmbH Elastomergelenk
CN102109023A (zh) * 2010-12-21 2011-06-29 奇瑞汽车股份有限公司 一种可压出式橡胶衬套结构
DE102011119235B4 (de) * 2011-11-23 2022-03-24 Audi Ag Dämpferlageranordnung für einen Schwingungsdämpfer eines Kraftfahrzeugs
WO2017123171A1 (en) * 2016-01-14 2017-07-20 Sem Lastik Sanayii Ve Ticaret Anonim Sirketi Locking ball joint
KR102200193B1 (ko) * 2019-07-04 2021-01-11 유진기공산업 주식회사 철도 차량 연결기용 구면 베어링

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CN1069746C (zh) * 1996-02-16 2001-08-15 Btr抗震系统德国股份有限公司 轴承衬套
EP0819556A2 (de) * 1996-07-10 1998-01-21 Jörn GmbH Gelenklager, insbesondere zur Lagerung von Achslenkern in Kraftfahrzeugen
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JP4388900B2 (ja) 2009-12-24
DE10258987A1 (de) 2004-07-08
DE50310626D1 (de) 2008-11-20
EP1573223B1 (de) 2008-10-08
JP2006509977A (ja) 2006-03-23
BR0314044A (pt) 2005-07-19
HK1087756A1 (en) 2006-10-20
ES2311748T3 (es) 2009-02-16
BR0314044B1 (pt) 2014-02-25
CN1726354A (zh) 2006-01-25
DE10258987B4 (de) 2005-02-24
WO2004055407A1 (de) 2004-07-01
ATE410617T1 (de) 2008-10-15
KR20050084806A (ko) 2005-08-29
KR101027580B1 (ko) 2011-04-06
MXPA05003770A (es) 2005-06-08

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