CN100378086C - 哌嗪衍生物和它们作为合成中间体的应用 - Google Patents
哌嗪衍生物和它们作为合成中间体的应用 Download PDFInfo
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- CN100378086C CN100378086C CNB2004800026561A CN200480002656A CN100378086C CN 100378086 C CN100378086 C CN 100378086C CN B2004800026561 A CNB2004800026561 A CN B2004800026561A CN 200480002656 A CN200480002656 A CN 200480002656A CN 100378086 C CN100378086 C CN 100378086C
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- 150000004885 piperazines Chemical class 0.000 title abstract description 10
- 229940066771 systemic antihistamines piperazine derivative Drugs 0.000 title abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 title abstract 2
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- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 99
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims abstract description 8
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- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 25
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 15
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- MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N (S)-camphorsulfonic acid Chemical compound C1C[C@@]2(CS(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)C[C@@H]1C2(C)C MIOPJNTWMNEORI-GMSGAONNSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene-4-sulfonic acid Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 JOXIMZWYDAKGHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 10
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- VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydroxyurea Chemical compound NC(=O)NO VSNHCAURESNICA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
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- HBENZIXOGRCSQN-VQWWACLZSA-N (1S,2S,6R,14R,15R,16R)-5-(cyclopropylmethyl)-16-[(2S)-2-hydroxy-3,3-dimethylpentan-2-yl]-15-methoxy-13-oxa-5-azahexacyclo[13.2.2.12,8.01,6.02,14.012,20]icosa-8(20),9,11-trien-11-ol Chemical compound N1([C@@H]2CC=3C4=C(C(=CC=3)O)O[C@H]3[C@@]5(OC)CC[C@@]2([C@@]43CC1)C[C@@H]5[C@](C)(O)C(C)(C)CC)CC1CC1 HBENZIXOGRCSQN-VQWWACLZSA-N 0.000 description 7
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D271/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms
- C07D271/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing five-membered rings having two nitrogen atoms and one oxygen atom as the only ring hetero atoms not condensed with other rings
- C07D271/06—1,2,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-oxadiazoles
- C07D271/07—1,2,4-Oxadiazoles; Hydrogenated 1,2,4-oxadiazoles with oxygen, sulfur or nitrogen atoms, directly attached to ring carbon atoms, the nitrogen atoms not forming part of a nitro radical
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D295/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms
- C07D295/04—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms
- C07D295/14—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals
- C07D295/145—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with the ring nitrogen atoms and the carbon atoms with three bonds to hetero atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings
- C07D295/15—Heterocyclic compounds containing polymethylene-imine rings with at least five ring members, 3-azabicyclo [3.2.2] nonane, piperazine, morpholine or thiomorpholine rings, having only hydrogen atoms directly attached to the ring carbon atoms with substituted hydrocarbon radicals attached to ring nitrogen atoms substituted by carbon atoms having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. ester or nitrile radicals with the ring nitrogen atoms and the carbon atoms with three bonds to hetero atoms attached to the same carbon chain, which is not interrupted by carbocyclic rings to an acyclic saturated chain
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
本发明涉及式(I)的新的对映异构体纯哌嗪衍生物,其中Y代表羟基或离去基团,而n为1、2、3、4或5;本发明还涉及它们作为合成中间体,特别是用于制备药学活性化合物的合成中间体的应用。
Description
发明领域
本发明涉及新的哌嗪衍生物和它们作为合成中间体,特别是用于制备药学活性化合物的合成中间体的应用。
发明背景
左旋[2-[4-[(4-氯苯基)苯基甲基]-1-哌嗪基]乙氧基]乙酸,还已知类名为左旋西替利嗪,已证明用作治疗变应性病的治疗剂。该化合物可以由它的外消旋混合物通过拆分西替利嗪([2-[4-[(4-氯苯基)苯基甲基]-1-哌嗪基]乙氧基]乙酸)的对映异构体得到。
GB 2,225,321描述一种用于制备左旋型、右旋型西替利嗪或它们的混合物的方法,所述方法包括水解对映异构体纯或外消旋[2-[4-[(4-氯苯基)苯基甲基]-1-哌嗪基]乙氧基]-乙腈。
我们现已发现一种用于制备对映异构体纯化合物,例如左旋西替利嗪的可替代的、更简单的方法,其中使用新的对映异构体纯中间体。
在第一个方面,本发明涉及游离形式或盐形式的式(I)的对映异构体纯化合物,
其中
Y代表羟基或离去基团,而n为1、2、3、4或5。
式(I)的化合物包括一个由星号表示的不对称中心。
本文所用的术语“对映异构体纯化合物”指含有占两种对映异构体总量的至少90%,优选至少98%的一种对映异构体((R)或(S))的化合物。
本文所用的术语“离去基团”具有本领域技术人员已知的相同含义(Advanced Organic Chemistry:reactions,mechanisms andstructure-Third Edition by Jerry March,John Wiley and SonsEd.;1985 page 179),并代表作为基质分子的部分或与基质分子连接的基团;在基质分子发生置换反应(例如与亲核试剂反应)的反应中,该离去基团被置换。
优选的离去基团为卤素、磺酸酯如OSO2-C6H4-CH3(对甲苯磺酸酯)、OSO2-C6H4-Br(对溴苯磺酸酯)、OSO2-C6H4-NO2(对硝基苯磺酸酯)、OSO2-CH3(甲磺酸酯)、OSO2-CF3(三氟甲磺酸酯)、OSO2-C4F9(九氟丁磺酸酯)、OSO2-CH2-CF3(2,2,2-三氟乙磺酸酯)、OSO2-(CH2)n-NMe3+(铵烷烃磺酸酯)、OSO2-F(氟代磺酸酯)和OClO3(高氯酸酯)。
根据一个优选的实施方案,n为2。
根据另一个优选的实施方案,式(I)的化合物的形式为(R)-对映异构体。
如果在式(I)中Y代表离去基团,则它优选为卤素,更优选为氯。
优选Y为羟基或氯的式(I)的化合物
式(I)的化合物可以是游离形式或盐形式。在该情况下,优选二盐酸盐和二氢溴酸盐。最优选二盐酸盐。
式(I)的化合物可以是溶剂化物的形式,它包括在本发明的范围内。这些溶剂化物例如包括水合物、醇盐等。
式(I)的化合物是非常稳定的,并可以用作合成中间体。
式(I)的化合物可以通过拆分对应的如在GB 2,225,320中所述制备的外消旋混合物来得到。
可以用工业手性色谱分离,通过可商购得到的手性固定相生产式(I)的对映异构体纯化合物。这种分离可以使用DAICEL公司销售的商标为CHIRALPAK AD、CHIRALPAK AS和CHIRALPAK OD的色谱柱完成。优选CHIRALPAK AD柱。这种方法可以使用批量、MCC(多柱色谱法)或SMB(模拟移动床)技术来完成。
该方法在使用流动相(洗脱剂)如醇即甲醇或者醇与烷烃的混合物时特别有效。优选的烷烃为己烷、异己烷和庚烷。更优选庚烷。优选的醇为丙醇、异丙醇、乙醇和甲醇。更优选的醇为乙醇和甲醇。优选的混合物为:5%-50%的在己烷或庚烷中的异丙醇,5%-95%的在己烷或庚烷中的乙醇,1%-10%的在异己烷中的甲醇,和0%-10%的在乙腈中的甲醇、乙醇或异丙醇。
式(I)的化合物还可以通过由在GB 2,225,321中所述的方法得到的对映异构体纯1-[(4-氯苯基)苯基甲基]哌嗪与卤代烷烃反应来得到。
在第二方面,本发明涉及通式(I)的化合物作为合成中间体,特别是用于制备药学活性化合物的合成中间体的应用。
根据第一实施方案,式(I)的化合物用于合成对映异构体纯西替利嗪衍生物。
因此,本发明的另一方面是一种用于制备通式(II)的化合物及其可药用盐的方法。
其中Z1代表式-OR1或-NR2R3的基团,其中R1代表氢、烃基或碱金属,R2和R3各自独立地代表氢、烃基,或者-NR2R3代表含有至多7个环成员的杂环,
所述方法包括使形式为(R)-对映异构体且其中的Y为羟基的式(I)的化合物与式(III)的化合物反应
其中W1为卤素,而Z2如关于Z1定义。
本文所用的术语“烃基”定义为包括含氢和碳原子的一价基团,例如直链、支链和环烷基、链烯基、炔基、芳基、烷基芳基和芳基烷基以及它们的组合,其中非环烷基包含1-20个碳原子,优选1-4个碳原子,芳基包含6-10个碳原子,而环烷基包含3-8个碳原子。
本文所用的术语“可药用盐”指由包括无机酸和碱以及有机酸和碱的可药用无毒酸或碱制备的盐。由于本发明的化合物是碱性的,可以由可药用无毒酸制备盐,包括无机和有机盐。本发明化合物的适宜的可药用酸加成盐包括乙酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、樟脑磺酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、富马酸、葡萄糖酸、谷氨酸、氢溴酸、氢氯酸、羟乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、苹果酸、苦杏仁酸、甲磺酸、粘液酸、硝酸、泛酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、硫酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸等的盐。
根据上述方法的一个优选的实施方案,Z1代表式-OR1的基团,其中R1为氢或C1-C4-烷基,更优选R1为氢或甲基,最优选R1为氢。
根据上述方法另一个优选的实施方案,W1为氯。
根据上述方法的另一个优选的实施方案,Z2代表式-OR1的基团,其中R1为碱金属,更优选R1为钠。
式(I)的化合物与式(III)的化合物的反应一般在化学惰性溶剂和质子受体如碱金属氢化物、碱金属氢氧化物、碱金属烷氧化物或碱金属存在下完成。
可以使用任何低反应性的溶剂,例如脂肪族和芳香族烃、醚、酰胺和醇。优选的溶剂为THF。
反应一般在0℃至反应混合物的回流温度下完成。
令人惊奇地发现在反应期间无外消旋作用发生。
根据第二个实施方案,式(I)的化合物用于合成通式(IV)对映异构体纯化合物。因此,本发明还涉及用于制备通式(IV)的化合物及其可药用盐的方法,
其中R4为氢或式-C(=O)Z3的基团;Z3代表式-OR1′或-NR2′R3′的基团,其中R1′代表氢、烃基或碱金属,R2′和R3′各自独立地代表氢、烃基,或者-NR2′R3′代表含有至多7个环成员的杂环,
所述方法包括使用(R)-对映异构体形式的通式(I)的化合物作为合成中间体。
在上述方法中,n优选为2。
在上述方法中,R4优选为氢或-C(=O)Z3,其中Z3为-NH2或-OR1′,其中R1′为C1-C4烷基,更优选甲基。最优选R4为氢或-CONH2。
根据此方法的第一变型,式(IV)的化合物是通过以下方法制备:
(a)使式(V)的化合物与Y代表离去基团,特别是Y为卤素,最优选为C1的式(I)的化合物反应
其中P1代表羟基保护基而P2代表氢或胺保护基,条件是当P2不为氢时P1和P2可以连接形成单一保护基,和
(b)去保护步骤。
本文所用的术语“保护基”指常用于阻断或保护一个或多个官能团并完成与该化合物上的其它官能团的反应的取代基。例如,“胺保护基”是阻断或保护化合物中氨基官能团的连接在氨基上的取代基。适宜的胺保护基包括,例如任选取代的式-C(=O)OR或-R的基团,其中R代表烷基、芳基或其组合。类似地,“羟基保护基”指阻断或保护羟基官能团的羟基的取代基。适宜的羟基保护基包括,例如任选取代的式-C(=O)OR′、-R′、-C(=O)R′,、-C(=O)NR′R″或-CR′OR″的基团,其中R′和R″各自独立地代表烷基、芳基或其组合。
在P1和P2连接的情况下,保护基优选为二烷基亚甲基,更优选异亚丙基(二甲基亚甲基)。
优选式(V)的化合物为
式(V)的化合物可以通过R5如关于R4的定义而W2为卤素的式(VI)的化合物与式(VII)的化合物反应,例如在Sonogashira或相关的条件(参考:Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2002,41,4176-4211)下反应来制备。
该反应一般在有机或无机质子受体如三乙基胺或二异丙基胺和溶剂如乙酸乙酯、DMF、MTBE(甲基叔丁基醚)、乙酸异丙酯、甲苯、水或其混合物存在下完成。
式(VII)的化合物例如可以通过式(VIII)的化合物与适宜的试剂反应以引入所需的保护基P1和P2来获得。
式(VIIa)的化合物优选通过在酸,优选硫酸存在下使式(VIII)的化合物与丙酮、2,2-二甲氧基丙烷或甲氧基丙烷反应来得到。
由式(V)的化合物与化合物(I)反应得到的化合物的去保护可以根据保护基的性质在酸性或碱性条件下完成。
根据制备通式(IV)的化合物的方法第二种变型,这种方法包括步骤:(a)使Y为离去基团,优选卤素,更优选C1的式(I)的化合物与式(VI)的化合物反应,和(b)使如此得到的化合物与式(VII)的化合物,优选式(VIIa)或(VIII)的化合物反应。
如果在此方法中使用式(VII)或(VIIa)的化合物,则此方法通常包含去保护步骤,如上述。
式(I)的化合物与式(VI)的化合物的反应步骤(a)一般产生式(IX)的中间体。
在此方法的变型中,R5优选为H。
国际专利申请WO 00/58295描述式(VIII)的化合物的合成。此专利申请还描述1,4-取代的哌嗪,例如式(IV)的化合物,具有脂肪氧化酶抑制性能和抗组胺性能。但是,它没有包括也没有建议使用式(I)的对映异构体纯化合物或使用式(Va)、(VIIa)或(IX)的化合物作为制备式(IV)的化合物的合成中间体。
因此本发明还涉及式(Va)、(VIIa)和(IX)的合成中间体。
将通式(I)的化合物用作合成中间体允许使用短暂和简便的路线产生高产率和纯度的式(II)和(IV)的哌嗪衍生物。令人惊奇的是,在这些强碱性条件下未发生中间体化合物的外消旋化。
根据以下实施例将更好地理解本发明,所述实施例仅用于例示本发明,因此不应被理解为限定本发明的范围。本领域技术人员可以认识到可以在不超越本发明的精神或范围的情况下完成以下实施例的常规变型和改型。
具体实施方式
实施例
实施例1:制备左旋西替利嗪(化合物2a,式II的化合物的(R)-对映异构体,其中n=2,Z1=-OH)
1.1制备[2-[4-[(4-氯苯基)苯基甲基]-1-哌嗪基]乙醇二盐酸
盐(外消旋混合物,化合物1a二盐酸盐):
将50.1g碳酸钠、95.6g 1-[(4-氯苯基)苯基甲基]-哌嗪、600ml异丙醇、45g 2-氯乙醇和55g碘化钾回流24小时。冷却至20-25℃后,将盐过滤,并用异丙醇冲洗。将异丙醇-HCl溶液滴加到机械搅拌的滤液,导致化合物1a二盐酸盐沉淀。将悬浮液过滤,并将滤饼在真空和50℃下干燥。如此得到108g化合物1a二盐酸盐(产率:80%;纯度:>99,0%,m.p.:158℃)。
1.2制备化合物1a(游离形式):
将265g碳酸钠加到甲苯(2,51)和水(2,51)的搅拌的混合物中,然后加入500g化合物1a二盐酸盐。将反应混合物加热回流。冷却至25℃后,分离甲苯层,并在减压下浓缩至干,余下化合物1a游离碱,为一种液体(385g;产率:95%)。
1.3制备化合物1b(游离形式的式I的化合物,其中n=2,Y=OH, (R)-对映异构体):
对于1kg手性固定相CHIRALPAK AD(DAICEL)使用8个4.8x11.3cm的柱并用甲醇作为洗脱剂对诸如在1.2中得到的化合物1a的对映异构体进行色谱分离。
色谱参数为:
k′1(R-对映异构体的负载因数)=0.525
k′2(S-对映异构体的负载因数)=1.111
Alpha(选择性因数)=2.118
分辨度=2.164
温度=23℃
(R)-对映异构体的纯度为99.5%;ee=99%
1.4制备化合物1b二盐酸盐:
通过搅拌将100g游离形式的化合物1b溶于500ml异丙醇。在另一个容器中,使过量的HC l气体冒泡通过异丙醇溶液(500ml)。
将两种溶液在20-25℃下用机械搅拌器混合,导致化合物1b二盐酸盐沉淀。将悬浮液过滤,并将滤饼在真空和50℃下干燥得到98g(80%产率;>99.0%纯度)的化合物1b二盐酸盐。
1.5制备化合物2a二盐酸盐:
室温下向在THF(800ml)中的化合物1b二盐酸盐(80g)的搅拌的溶液滴加在THF(300ml)中的叔丁醇钾(77,8g)的混合物,然后一次性加入氯乙酸钠(34,6g)。
将反应物加热回流过夜,然后冷却至室温,最终浓缩至干。将固体残留物溶于水(500ml);用浓HCl酸化溶液至pH=4,8,然后用二氯甲烷(250ml)萃取两次。蒸发二氯甲烷后,将残留物回收于丙酮(400ml)。往此在55℃下加热的溶液中加入在丙酮(100ml)中的HCl(10g)的溶液。30分钟后,将反应物冷却至0℃,并在0℃下保持过夜。将沉淀过滤,用丙酮洗涤,并在真空和50℃下干燥,得到37g化合物2a二盐酸盐。
纯度:>96%ee
实施例 2:制备化合物4a(通式IV的化合物,其中n=2,R4=-CONH2)
2.1制备化合物VIII:
商购得到的3-丁炔-1-醇和甲磺酰氯之间的反应在三乙基胺存在下,在0-10℃下,在剧烈搅拌下进行。反应一旦完成,滤出三乙基胺的盐酸盐,并用甲苯洗涤。连续地用NaHCO3水溶液、HCl水溶液,最后用去离子水洗涤收集的有机相。然后将有机相在真空下蒸发得到粗品3-丁炔-1-基甲磺酸酯,为一种油(大约90%产率)。
3-丁炔-1-基甲磺酸酯和过量的羟基胺之间的反应在水溶液中,在甲醇存在下完成。当反应完成时,在真空下蒸发甲醇。用甲苯洗涤溶液。然后用乙酸乙酯洗涤水相以萃取N-(3-丁炔-1-基)羟基胺。收集包含N-(3-丁炔-1-基)羟基胺的有机相以进行浓缩,然后直接用于下一步骤。
将由前述步骤得到的N-(3-丁炔-1-基)羟基胺的EtOAc溶液直接用于下一步骤。往溶液中加入先前溶于去离子水的氰酸钾。将该混合物冷却至0℃,并在剧烈搅拌下缓慢加入HCl(37%水溶液)。然后将反应介质加热至20℃,并在倾析之后分离两相。搅拌下将氯化钠加到水相至饱和,并用EtOAc洗涤水相。收集所有的EtOAc相,并在真空下蒸发至干得到粗品N-(3-丁炔-1-基)N-羟基脲(化合物VIII)。
2.2制备化合物VIIa:
将粗品化合物VIII溶于丙酮和2,2-二甲氧基丙烷的混合物。缓慢加入硫酸并将反应混合物加热回流。一旦反应完成,将混合物冷却,加入碳酸钾,将混合物搅拌过夜,然后过滤。用丙酮洗涤滤饼。在真空下蒸发合并的有机相。当不再观察到浓缩时停止蒸发。加入水和丙酮,并将介质在40℃下保持一会儿。然后将混合物冷却至0℃,并在此温度下搅拌。化合物VIIa结晶为一种白色固体,并将其过滤。过滤后,用水和甲苯洗涤滤饼。然后将该固体在真空下干燥得到化合物VIIa(58%产率,>98面积%纯度,采用HPLC)。
2.3制备化合物Vb(式V的化合物,其中R
4
=-COOCH
3
,而p
1
p
2
=
异丙烯):
用N2冲洗反应器,然后装入物质。将5-碘代水杨酸甲酯、化合物VIIa、Pd(PPH3)2Cl2、CuI、EtOAc、水、三乙基胺和四丁基溴化铵剧烈搅拌。将固体化合物Vb过滤,用水洗涤,然后干燥得到一种白色至米色粉末(77%产率,>98%纯度)。
2.4制备化合物Va:
在压力下,在甲醇、异丙醇、叔戊醇或其它戊醇中,在25℃-40℃的温度下氨解化合物Vb得到化合物Va。一旦反应完成,除去过量的氨,并将反应混合物轻微浓缩以引发产物沉淀。然后将悬浮液冷却至0℃以完成化合物Va的沉淀。将粗产物过滤之后,用冷醇洗涤滤饼。
为了得到高纯度物质(>99.0%),随后在异丙醇中重结晶化合物Va。
2.5制备化合物1c(式I的化合物二盐酸盐或游离碱,其中n=2而
Y=C1,(R)-对映异构体):
将82g如实施例1所述制备的化合物1b、11甲苯、45g的亚硫酰氯和5g二甲基甲酰胺连接加到容器中。将混合物回流搅拌48小时,然后冷却至室温。然后将它过滤,用甲苯洗涤,然后在真空和50℃下干燥得到化合物1c二盐酸盐(产率>90%)。在甲苯和水的混合物中搅拌50g过滤的固体,并加入碳酸钠(25g)。分离甲苯层,并蒸发至干,余下化合物1c游离碱,为一种稠厚的液体(纯度:>99%)。
2.6制备化合物4a:
在异丙醇或戊醇中,在30℃-40℃的温度下搅拌化合物Va、化合物1c游离碱和K2CO3的混合物。将反应混合物冷却至室温并过滤。用异丙醇或戊醇洗涤滤饼。在室温下,在HOAc、H2SO4和水的混合物中完成去保护步骤。一旦反应完成,蒸发溶剂。将残留的油溶于EtOAc,并用饱和NaHCO3水溶液洗涤该溶液。然后用饱和NaCl水溶液洗涤EtOAc层两次。用热水浴浓缩溶液(半数EtOAc蒸发)。搅拌溶液,并冷却至室温,然后冷却至0℃。将固体过滤,用EtOAc洗涤,并干燥得到化合物4a,为一种白色至米色固体(70%产率,>99%纯度)。
纯度:>96%ee。
2.7制备化合物4a富马酸盐:
回流下将100g化合物4a和21g富马酸溶于乙酸乙酯和乙醇的混合物中。将溶液冷却至5℃,并搅拌12小时。将沉淀过滤,并真空干燥得到102g化合物4a富马酸盐(产率:84%)。还在溶剂如乙醇、THF、混合物乙酸乙酯/乙醇、THF/甲醇或THF/乙醇中有效地形成盐。
实施例3:制备化合物4b(式IV的化合物,其中n=2,而R4=H)
3.1制备化合物9a草酸盐(式IX的化合物,其中n=2,R
5
=H,
而W
2
=I):
往在甲苯(820ml)和水(360ml)中的如实施例2所述制备的化合物1c二盐酸盐(102.9g)的悬浮液中加入碘酚(59.01g)、碳酸钾(118.0g)和碘化钾(4.05g),然后将混合物在95℃下加热24小时,然后冷却并转移至分离漏斗。除去水层,并将有机层转移至2L圆底烧瓶。加入在乙酸乙酯(340ml)中的草酸(24.15g)的溶液得到一种白色沉淀。通过抽滤收集沉淀,并用乙酸乙酯洗涤得到化合物9a草酸盐,为一种米色粉末(149.56g,定量产率)。
3.2制备游离形式的化合物4b:
往在甲苯-THF(1∶1,1000ml)和水(300ml)中的化合物9a草酸盐(100g)的混合物中加入二异丙基胺(79ml)、PdCl2(PPh3)2(1128mg)和CuI(459mg),然后加入如在实施例2中制备的化合物VIII(26.8g)。室温下24小时后,分离两层,往有机层加入活性碳(50g),并将混合物搅拌过夜。使内容物过滤通过短C盐滤垫,然后用THF洗涤滤垫。然后在真空和45℃下浓缩合并的有机滤液得到一种无定形固体(定量产率)。
3.3制备化合物4b苹果酸盐:
将游离形式的化合物4b和L-马来酸(23.7g)溶于热乙酸乙酯(1L)。将溶液冷却至10℃,并搅拌过夜。将沉淀过滤,然后用EtOAc洗涤,最后在真空下干燥得到87g(81%产率)的米色粉末,由TLC、HPLC和1H NMR确定它是纯的。还可以在常规溶剂如乙醇、THF和混合物乙酸乙酯/乙醇或THF/甲醇或THF/乙醇中有效地形成盐。
Claims (8)
2.根据权利要求1的化合物,其中所述化合物包含至少98%的一种对映异构体(R)或(S),所述磺酸酯是OSO2-C6H4-CH3、OSO2-C6H4-Br、OSO2-C6H4-NO2、OSO2-CH3、OSO2-CF3、OSO2-C4F9、OSO2-CH2-CF3、OSO2-F或OClO3,而n为2。
3.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,该化合物为(R)-对映异构体形式,且其中Y为羟基。
4.根据权利要求1或2的化合物,该化合物为(R)-对映异构体形式,且其中Y为选自卤素或磺酸酯的离去基团。
5.根据权利要求4的化合物,其中所述磺酸酯是OSO2-C6H4-CH3、OSO2-C6H4-Br、OSO2-C6H4-NO2、OSO2-CH3、OSO2-CF3、OSO2-C4F9、OSO2-CH2-CF3、OSO2-F或OClO3。
6.根据权利要求4或5的化合物,其中Y为Cl。
8.用于制备通式(II)的化合物或其可药用盐的方法,所述可药用盐包括:乙酸、苯磺酸、苯甲酸、樟脑磺酸、柠檬酸、乙磺酸、富马酸、葡萄糖酸、谷氨酸、氢溴酸、氢氯酸、羟乙磺酸、乳酸、马来酸、苹果酸、苦杏仁酸、甲磺酸、粘液酸、硝酸、泛酸、磷酸、琥珀酸、硫酸、酒石酸、对甲苯磺酸的盐,
其中Z1代表-OR1或-NR2R3,其中R1代表氢、烃基或碱金属,R2和R3各自独立地代表氢、烃基,或者-NR2R3代表含有至多7个环成员的杂环,而n如在权利要求1所定义,
所述方法包括使根据权利要求3的化合物与式(III)的化合物反应
其中W1为卤素,而Z2如关于Z1的定义。
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EA016523B1 (ru) | 2007-03-12 | 2012-05-30 | Крка, Товарна Здравил, Д.Д., Ново Место | Способ получения левоцетиризина и его промежуточных соединений |
US20110230496A1 (en) * | 2007-08-15 | 2011-09-22 | Chemagis Ltd. | Novel process for preparing highly pure levocetirizine and salts thereof |
WO2010046908A2 (en) * | 2008-09-17 | 2010-04-29 | Calyx Chemicals And Pharmaceuticals Pvt. Ltd. | Novel water based process for the preparation of substituted diphenylmethyl piperazines |
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GB2225321A (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1990-05-30 | Ucb Sa | Process for preparation of a 1-piperazine-ethoxyacetic acid |
EP0598123A1 (en) * | 1991-07-19 | 1994-05-25 | Zeria Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Piperazine derivative and drug containing the same |
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PE20001566A1 (es) * | 1999-03-26 | 2001-02-05 | Ucb Sa | Piperazinas 1,4-sustituidas, piperidinas 1,4-sustituidas y 4-alquilidenilpiperidinas 1-sustituidas |
AU2004205494B2 (en) | 2003-01-23 | 2009-04-30 | Ucb Farchim Sa | Piperazine derivatives and their use as synthesis intermediates |
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GB2225321A (en) * | 1988-11-23 | 1990-05-30 | Ucb Sa | Process for preparation of a 1-piperazine-ethoxyacetic acid |
EP0598123A1 (en) * | 1991-07-19 | 1994-05-25 | Zeria Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. | Piperazine derivative and drug containing the same |
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US20060183903A1 (en) | 2006-08-17 |
EP1590323A2 (en) | 2005-11-02 |
US7381821B2 (en) | 2008-06-03 |
CA2514145A1 (en) | 2004-08-05 |
CN1742002A (zh) | 2006-03-01 |
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AU2004205494B2 (en) | 2009-04-30 |
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