CN100376159C - Loquat unisexual fruiting induction agent and its use technology - Google Patents
Loquat unisexual fruiting induction agent and its use technology Download PDFInfo
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- CN100376159C CN100376159C CNB200510018650XA CN200510018650A CN100376159C CN 100376159 C CN100376159 C CN 100376159C CN B200510018650X A CNB200510018650X A CN B200510018650XA CN 200510018650 A CN200510018650 A CN 200510018650A CN 100376159 C CN100376159 C CN 100376159C
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a loquat unisexual fruiting induction agent and a use technology thereof. Gibberellin (GA3) and 1-(2-chlorine-4-pyridyl)-3-phenylurea (CPPU) are mixed by weight ratio of 100: 3 to 4 to make the induction agent of the present invention. The concentration of a water solution of the induction agent is 600 to 1100 mg/L. The present invention has a main technique that a flower bud period starts before a flower is fertilized, and a flower bud or a flower or a fruit is processed once through the induction agent of the present invention at intervals of 29 (+/-) 4 days and is processed three to five times. The induction agent of the present invention has a better stable effect through many loquat variety tests for different mature periods, different fruit shapes, different production places, etc., and effectively overcomes the influence of varietal characteristics on the induction agent. A coreless fruit fruited in a unisexual mode is large and oblong. Fruit shape is beautiful, and fruit quality is good. The performance of high yield is good, and economic yield is high. Physiological diseases of dehiscent fruit, sun burn, etc., are not serious, and a mature period advances for 0 to + 10 days.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of solid inductive technology of loquat.
Background technology:
The loquat flower after fertilization begins solid, forms the fruit contain seed, and this is normal phenomenon, but in some cases, can also can be solid without amphigamy, form seedless loquat, and this is the parthenocarpy phenomenon of loquat.The loquat parthenocarpy is relevant with the concentration of the contained auxin of ovary to a certain extent, and auxin forms seedless loquat to cause parthenocarpy like the application class so agricultural goes up.After the external source auxin infiltrates plant corpus by certain mode, influence the level and the mutual balanced action of endogenous hormones by different way, its action effect is subject to processing factor affecting such as breediness, developmental stage, development condition, weather and soil condition, and exogenous plant hormones often has action spectrum widely, be that same medicament is owing to use age, concentration, method difference, can produce different reactions, even opposite result, so the use of exogenous hormone has its stringency, flexibility.Loquat is the treasure of fruit in dull season, and pulp is thin and many but its seed is big, and edible rate is low, and is edible inconvenient, and price began to glide in recent years.And induce the loquat parthenocarpy to form the seedless loquat of large fruit high-quality is the hope that people dream of, it not only increases edible part, and instant, improved the commodity value of fruit greatly, also can avoid the underproduction bad because of the pollination fertilization or that winter low temperature causes, be the quality raw materials of loquat canning simultaneously, so seedless loquat will become the new highlight that rural economy increases.Recent decades, there is how tame R﹠D institution application exogenous plant hormones to carry out the loquat parthenocarpy both at home and abroad and induces research.What reported at present all is to use gibberellin GA
3At different cultivars with the handling of variable concentrations, form seedless fruit after, use GA again
3+ CPPU combination impels young fruit to expand, and last effect is all undesirable, and commodity value is not high, can't apply.Mainly have the following disadvantages:
1. the seedless fruit of Chan Shenging is less than normal, and mean fruit weight is no more than 25 grams.
2. fruit quality is undesirable, and soluble solid content reduces, flavor acid, and mouthfeel is bad.
3. day burn, physiological disease such as dehiscent fruit is serious.
4. can't overcome the breediness of GA, seedless rate instability to the seedless rate of loquat.
5.GA the seedless fruit of handling easily shedding before and after colour-change period at early development and fruit yields poorly.
6. the maturing stage postpones.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is at above-mentioned defective, have balance according to hormone and make principle mutually, provide a kind of to kind have the wide spectrum performance, produce that fruit is big, fruit shape is good, the loquat parthenocarpy derivant and the using method thereof of quality better, high yield.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows: with gibberellin (GA
3) mix by weight 100: 3~4 with 1-(2-chloro-4-is than pyridine base)-3-phenylurea (CPPU), make derivant of the present invention, the derivant concentration of aqueous solution is at 600~1100mg/L; Major technique is to spend progamous bud stage to begin, and with derivant of the present invention bud or flower or fruit is handled once pre-process and post-process 3~5 times every 29 ± 4 days.
By to a plurality of loquat variety trials such as different maturing stages, different fruit shape, the different places of production, find that derivant of the present invention all has preferably, stable effect, effectively overcome the influence of the breediness of loquat to derivant.The seedless fruit of using the production of this derivant has following advantage:
1. the seedless rate of loquat is high and stable, generally remains on more than 75 ± 5%.
2. have kind action spectrum widely, general loquat cultivar is all produced effect, overcome breediness.
3. the seedless fruit of parthenocarpy is big, and mean fruit weight is 95 ± 15% of a former kind non-processor fruit, and fruit is Long Circle, fruit shape U.S..As liberate clock, early No. six, clock, East Lake early and loquat seedless fruit mean fruit weights such as big five-pointed star all reach more than 50 grams.
4. fruit quality is good, compares with the drupe that has of non-processor, and soluble solid content raises during fruit maturation, has very high commodity value.
5. high yield characteristic is good, the economic flow rate height, and output and proper tree are suitable, about 600 kilograms of per mu yield high-quality seedless fruits.
6. dehiscent fruit, physiological disease such as day burn are lighter.
7. the maturing stage shifts to an earlier date 0~+ 10 day.
Embodiment
1. flower thinning fringe: the colored fringe that removes thin and delicate branch.
2. flower thinning: remove part Zhi Sui, stay middle part 2~3 branck spikes.
3. parthenocarpy is induced: from spending progamous bud stage, handled bud or flower or fruit every 29 ± 4 days once, handle continuously 3~5 times.Processing mode can be spraying or soak or be coated with wet.
4. fruit thinning: removed drupe, sick wormed fruit and malformed fruit, every fruit bearing shoot is 2~4 of fruits surely.
5. diseases and pests controlling: 1~2 insect pests of pesticide before bagging.
6. bagging: diseases and pests controlling and handle with derivant for the last time after carry out fruit bagging.
7. rich water quality management: executed 1~2 time in main fertile year, once be short fertilizers for potted flowers, based on slow effect fertilizer, once be fruit picking fertilizer, based on quick-acting chemical fertilizer, flowers and fruits can topdress between the puberty 2~3 times, based on available P, K fertilizer, to guarantee having enough, balanced nutrition to grow, when changeing yellow, fruit notices that potash fertilizer uses for flowers and fruits.Change the yellow maturing stage at fruit and will note water management, the waterlogging draining, drought is watered, and particularly pericarp kind thin, easily dehiscent fruit more will be noted water drainage work, as kind such as No. six, clock and liberation clock morning.
Embodiment 1: Foochow Cang Shanchengmen: compare with normal fruit in East Lake early loquat seedless fruit
Single fruit weight | Fruit shape index | Soluble solid | Edible rate | Seedless rate | Maturing stage | |
Seedless East Lake early | 60.1 gram | 1.75 | 10.0% | 86.8% | 83.7% | Early April-mid-April |
Normal East Lake early | 63.3 gram | 1.02 | 8.0% | 69.4% | 0% | The late April-the first tenday period of a month in May |
Embodiment 2: the Putian Huating: early No. six loquat seedless fruits of clock compare with normal fruit
Single fruit weight | Fruit shape index | Soluble solid | Edible rate | Seedless rate | Maturing stage | |
Seedless morning, No. six, clock | 53.2 gram | 1.97 | 12.0 | 85.2% | 93.5% | Late March-early April |
No. six, normal clock early | 57.9 gram | 1.25 | 8.5 | 67.4% | 0% | Late March-early April |
Claims (4)
1. loquat parthenocarpy derivant is characterized in that: gibberellin and 1-(2-chloro-4-pyridine radicals)-3-phenylurea are mixed by weight 100: 3~4, and the derivant concentration of aqueous solution is at 600~1100mg/L.
2. the using method of loquat parthenocarpy derivant according to claim 1 is characterized in that: spending progamous bud stage to begin, with described derivant bud or flower or fruit were being handled once pre-process and post-process 3~5 times every 29 ± 4 days.
3. the using method of loquat parthenocarpy derivant according to claim 2 is characterized in that: it specifically uses step as follows:
(1) flower thinning fringe: the colored fringe that removes thin and delicate branch;
(2) flower thinning: remove part Zhi Sui, stay middle part 2~3 branck spikes;
(3) parthenocarpy is induced: from spending progamous bud stage, handled bud or flower or fruit every 29 ± 4 days once, handle continuously 3~5 times;
(4) fruit thinning: removed drupe, sick wormed fruit and malformed fruit, every fruit bearing shoot surely the fruit 2~4;
(5) diseases and pests controlling: 1~2 insect pests of pesticide before bagging;
(6) bagging: diseases and pests controlling carries out fruit bagging after reaching and handling with derivant for the last time;
(7) rich water quality management: executed 1~2 time in main fertile year, and once for short fertilizers for potted flowers, based on slow effect fertilizer, once be fruit picking fertilizer, based on quick-acting chemical fertilizer, flowers and fruits can topdress between the puberty 2~3 times, based on available P, K fertilizer, notice that when fruit changes yellow potash fertilizer uses; Change the yellow maturing stage at fruit and will note water management, the waterlogging draining, drought is watered, and particularly pericarp kind thin, easily dehiscent fruit more will be noted water drainage work.
4. according to the using method of claim 2 or 3 described loquat parthenocarpy derivants, it is characterized in that: the processing of described derivant is spraying or soaks or be coated with wet.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102972219A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-20 | 浙江大学 | Method for inducing parthenocarpy of pears |
Families Citing this family (6)
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CN101438710B (en) * | 2008-12-25 | 2012-05-09 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | Method for saving frozen loquat fruit |
CN107173150A (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2017-09-19 | 福建省农业科学院果树研究所 | It is a kind of to reduce the fruit thinning method of loquat sunburn rate |
CN109169697A (en) * | 2018-11-15 | 2019-01-11 | 江苏丰源生物工程有限公司 | A kind of plant growth regulator containing gibberellin and chloropyuril |
CN109497082A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 北京市园林科学研究院 | A kind of fruit removes medicament and fruit removes method |
CN111133912A (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2020-05-12 | 江苏丘陵地区镇江农业科学研究所 | Method for promoting fruit expansion of red-heart kiwi fruits |
CN113261464A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-17 | 中国农业科学院郑州果树研究所 | Method for inducing fruitage of male flowers of delicious kiwi fruits |
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102972219A (en) * | 2012-12-05 | 2013-03-20 | 浙江大学 | Method for inducing parthenocarpy of pears |
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