CN100339507C - 用于镁合金的抗腐蚀、无铬酸盐转化涂层 - Google Patents
用于镁合金的抗腐蚀、无铬酸盐转化涂层 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN100339507C CN100339507C CNB2004100714667A CN200410071466A CN100339507C CN 100339507 C CN100339507 C CN 100339507C CN B2004100714667 A CNB2004100714667 A CN B2004100714667A CN 200410071466 A CN200410071466 A CN 200410071466A CN 100339507 C CN100339507 C CN 100339507C
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- solution
- magnesium
- chromate
- ionic species
- phosphonic acids
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 238000007739 conversion coating Methods 0.000 title abstract description 15
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadate(3-) Chemical compound [O-][V]([O-])([O-])=O LSGOVYNHVSXFFJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- -1 phospho Chemical class 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 125000002648 azanetriyl group Chemical group *N(*)* 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000005499 phosphonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 2
- FQKMRXHEIPOETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N F.OP(O)(O)=O Chemical compound F.OP(O)(O)=O FQKMRXHEIPOETF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical class OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003277 amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N dichromate(2-) Chemical compound [O-][Cr](=O)(=O)O[Cr]([O-])(=O)=O SOCTUWSJJQCPFX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[F-].[Mg+2] ORUIBWPALBXDOA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 2
- 229910001635 magnesium fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H magnesium phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O.[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GVALZJMUIHGIMD-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 2
- 229910000400 magnesium phosphate tribasic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- 229940085991 phosphate ion Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910001456 vanadium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000006424 Flood reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- WQEVDHBJGNOKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K vanadic acid Chemical compound O[V](O)(O)=O WQEVDHBJGNOKKO-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/34—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides
- C23C22/36—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing fluorides or complex fluorides containing also phosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/40—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates
- C23C22/44—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing molybdates, tungstates or vanadates containing also fluorides or complex fluorides
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/68—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous solutions with pH between 6 and 8
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/73—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals characterised by the process
- C23C22/77—Controlling or regulating of the coating process
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US10/601247 | 2003-06-20 | ||
| US10/601,247 US20040256030A1 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2003-06-20 | Corrosion resistant, chromate-free conversion coating for magnesium alloys |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1572904A CN1572904A (zh) | 2005-02-02 |
| CN100339507C true CN100339507C (zh) | 2007-09-26 |
Family
ID=33418585
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2004100714667A Expired - Fee Related CN100339507C (zh) | 2003-06-20 | 2004-06-18 | 用于镁合金的抗腐蚀、无铬酸盐转化涂层 |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20040256030A1 (ja) |
| EP (1) | EP1489199A1 (ja) |
| JP (1) | JP2005008985A (ja) |
| KR (1) | KR100611288B1 (ja) |
| CN (1) | CN100339507C (ja) |
| PL (1) | PL368625A1 (ja) |
| SG (1) | SG117497A1 (ja) |
Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB0507887D0 (en) * | 2005-04-20 | 2005-05-25 | Rohm & Haas Elect Mat | Immersion method |
| JP2008174807A (ja) | 2007-01-19 | 2008-07-31 | Nippon Hyomen Kagaku Kk | クロムを含まない金属表面処理液 |
| US20090004486A1 (en) * | 2007-06-27 | 2009-01-01 | Sarah Arsenault | Corrosion inhibiting additive |
| WO2009072905A2 (en) * | 2007-12-04 | 2009-06-11 | Katja Products Limited | Surface coating |
| TWI394863B (zh) * | 2007-12-27 | 2013-05-01 | Kansai Paint Co Ltd | 金屬表面處理用組成物及從該金屬表面處理用組成物獲得之具有金屬表面處理層的表面處理金屬材 |
| JP4908456B2 (ja) | 2008-06-02 | 2012-04-04 | パンパシフィック・カッパー株式会社 | 銅の製錬方法 |
| US20130014670A1 (en) * | 2010-04-01 | 2013-01-17 | Commissariat a I'Energie Atomique et Aux Energies Altematives | Use of anticorrosion agents for conditioning magnesium metal, conditioning material thus obtained and preparation process |
| JP5595874B2 (ja) * | 2010-11-04 | 2014-09-24 | 三井金属鉱業株式会社 | マグネシウム合金の表面処理方法 |
| JP6089053B2 (ja) * | 2015-03-16 | 2017-03-01 | 有限会社エスク | 防食能を有する生分解性金属表面修飾ステント |
| KR102142783B1 (ko) * | 2018-11-30 | 2020-08-07 | 주식회사 포스코 | 마그네슘 또는 마그네슘 합금 표면처리용 조성물 및 이를 이용하여 표면처리된 마그네슘 또는 마그네슘 합금 |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5143562A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1992-09-01 | Henkel Corporation | Broadly applicable phosphate conversion coating composition and process |
| WO2000071626A1 (de) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-11-30 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Chromfreies korrosionsschutzmittel und korrosionsschutzverfahren |
| CN1386901A (zh) * | 2001-05-01 | 2002-12-25 | 日本巴卡莱近估股份有限公司 | 金属表面处理剂、金属表面处理方法及表面处理金属材料 |
Family Cites Families (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2312855A (en) * | 1940-09-07 | 1943-03-02 | Parker Rust Proof Co | Method of coating aluminum |
| US3459600A (en) * | 1966-11-07 | 1969-08-05 | Todco Chem Co Inc | Novel zinc coating composition and method |
| US4017334A (en) * | 1973-10-04 | 1977-04-12 | Oxy Metal Industries Corporation | Process for treating aluminum cans |
| DE2905535A1 (de) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-09-04 | Metallgesellschaft Ag | Verfahren zur oberflaechenbehandlung von metallen |
| US4308079A (en) * | 1980-06-16 | 1981-12-29 | Martin Marietta Corporation | Durability of adhesively bonded aluminum structures and method for inhibiting the conversion of aluminum oxide to aluminum hydroxide |
| US4427459A (en) * | 1982-01-25 | 1984-01-24 | Pennwalt Corporation | Phosphate conversion coatings for metals with reduced coating weights and crystal sizes |
| US5449415A (en) * | 1993-07-30 | 1995-09-12 | Henkel Corporation | Composition and process for treating metals |
| US5380374A (en) * | 1993-10-15 | 1995-01-10 | Circle-Prosco, Inc. | Conversion coatings for metal surfaces |
| US5683522A (en) * | 1995-03-30 | 1997-11-04 | Sundstrand Corporation | Process for applying a coating to a magnesium alloy product |
| DE19754108A1 (de) * | 1997-12-05 | 1999-06-10 | Henkel Kgaa | Chromfreies Korrosionsschutzmittel und Korrosionsschutzverfahren |
| JP3860697B2 (ja) * | 1999-12-27 | 2006-12-20 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 金属表面処理剤、金属材料の表面処理方法及び表面処理金属材料 |
| AU2001261544A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2001-11-20 | Henkel Corporation | Metal surface treatment agent |
| JP2004515646A (ja) * | 2000-09-22 | 2004-05-27 | ヘンケル・コマンディットゲゼルシャフト・アウフ・アクチエン | 金属を処理するための組成物及び方法 |
| US6887320B2 (en) * | 2002-02-11 | 2005-05-03 | United Technologies Corporation | Corrosion resistant, chromate-free conversion coating for magnesium alloys |
| US6692583B2 (en) * | 2002-02-14 | 2004-02-17 | Jon Bengston | Magnesium conversion coating composition and method of using same |
-
2003
- 2003-06-20 US US10/601,247 patent/US20040256030A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2004
- 2004-06-15 KR KR1020040043886A patent/KR100611288B1/ko not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2004-06-15 SG SG200403770A patent/SG117497A1/en unknown
- 2004-06-18 PL PL04368625A patent/PL368625A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2004-06-18 EP EP04253681A patent/EP1489199A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-06-18 JP JP2004180425A patent/JP2005008985A/ja active Pending
- 2004-06-18 CN CNB2004100714667A patent/CN100339507C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5143562A (en) * | 1991-11-01 | 1992-09-01 | Henkel Corporation | Broadly applicable phosphate conversion coating composition and process |
| WO2000071626A1 (de) * | 1999-05-20 | 2000-11-30 | Henkel Kommanditgesellschaft Auf Aktien | Chromfreies korrosionsschutzmittel und korrosionsschutzverfahren |
| CN1386901A (zh) * | 2001-05-01 | 2002-12-25 | 日本巴卡莱近估股份有限公司 | 金属表面处理剂、金属表面处理方法及表面处理金属材料 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20040110097A (ko) | 2004-12-29 |
| SG117497A1 (en) | 2005-12-29 |
| US20040256030A1 (en) | 2004-12-23 |
| KR100611288B1 (ko) | 2006-08-10 |
| EP1489199A1 (en) | 2004-12-22 |
| PL368625A1 (en) | 2004-12-27 |
| JP2005008985A (ja) | 2005-01-13 |
| CN1572904A (zh) | 2005-02-02 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| C19 | Lapse of patent right due to non-payment of the annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |