CH707824B1 - Method for operating a folding device of a printing press and folding devices for carrying out the method. - Google Patents

Abstract

A method for operating a folding device of a printing press, which is used for folding and collecting printed signatures, and the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and holding members (17, 24), wherein for folding and collecting the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the holding members (17, 24) are controlled via control members such that the control members control a movement of the folding organs and a movement of the holding members, characterized in that the movement of the folding organs ( 18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and / or the movement of the holding members (17, 24) is controlled in any variable section and / or product-related and / or temporal sequence, namely such that a time interval of about the movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) performed folding operations and / or a time interval on the movement of the holding members (17, 24) performed collecting operations and / or a lifting movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) in the execution of folding operations and / or a lifting movement of the holding members (17, 24) is variably controlled in the execution of collection operations.

Description

Description: The invention relates to a method for operating a folding device of a printing machine and folding devices of printing machines for carrying out the method according to the preambles of the independent claims.

In practice, folding devices of printing machines are already known, by means of which cross folds and / or longitudinal folds can be formed on signatures separated from a printed, in particular web-shaped, printing material. A basic distinction is made between pin folding devices and gripper folding devices, namely depending on whether so-called folding knife cylinders of the folding devices use punctures or grippers to hold the position of the signatures to be folded on the folding knife cylinder. It is also already known in practice to collect several signatures into a signature stack when folding the signatures. A folding device has cooperating folding knives and folding flaps as folding members.

From DE 4 426 987 A1 a folding device of a printing press with several cylinders is known, namely with a cutting cylinder, a puncturing and folding knife cylinder, a folding jaw cylinder and a gripper and folding knife cylinder. Signatures can be separated from the printed substrate via the cutting cylinder. First cross folds can be formed on the signatures between the puncture and folding knife cylinder and the folding jaw cylinder and second cross folds can be formed on the signatures between the folding jaw cylinder and the gripper and folding knife cylinder.

From DE 4 426 987 A1 it is also known that the puncture and folding knife cylinder, the folding jaw cylinder and the gripper and folding knife cylinder each consist of two mutually rotatable cylinder bodies or cylinder segments. For example, the relative position of the cylinder body of the puncture and folding knife cylinder, the relative position of the cylinder body of the jaw cylinder and the relative position of the cylinder body of the gripper and folding knife cylinder can be changed in order to change a format setting and / or a pre-folding setting.

[0005] DE 10 2005 017 232 A1 and DE 10 2006 051 569 A1 disclose further folding devices of a printing press, namely details of a so-called collecting cylinder of the folding devices, the collecting cylinder being, for example, the puncture and folding knife cylinder of the folding device DE 4 426 987 A1 can act.

Thus, it is known from the prior art that holding members of the collecting cylinder of a folder can be controlled via control members, with the prior art controlling the holding members via control cams and cover curves interacting with the control cams. It is known from DE 10 2006 051 569 A1 that in a non-collecting operation of the collecting cylinder, the holding members thereof are controlled exclusively by the control cams, and that in a collecting operation of the collecting cylinder, the control cams together with the covering curves drive the holding members of the collecting cylinder. Both the mechanical control curves and the mechanical cover curves can be used to control the holding members of the collecting cylinder exclusively in a fixed, cyclical section or product-related and / or chronological sequence. Such folding devices are therefore primarily suitable for use on printing presses in which, for example, the same printed images are printed repeatedly on a printing material using an offset printing method.

The folding devices known from the prior art are only suitable to a limited extent for use on digital printing presses or on printing presses which use a printing form variable printing process, in which the printed printed pages can thus be changed variably. There is therefore a need for a folding device for a printing press, which is also suitable for digital printing presses or other printing presses with a printing form variable printing process, such as an inkjet printing process.

Proceeding from this, the present invention has for its object to provide a novel folding device of a printing press and a method for operating the folding device. This object is achieved by the folding devices according to claims 3, 5 and 6. According to the invention, the movement of the folding members and the movement of the holding members can be controlled via control members in any variable section or product-related and / or chronological sequence.

In the folding devices according to the invention, the movement of the folding members and the movement of the holding members of the folding device can be controlled via control members in any variable section or product-related and / or chronological order.

The order can be specified according to time units depending on the web speed (= order in time) or will be varied based on the sections of the folding unit or the cutting device (= section-related order) or based on the printed products or product parts (= product-related order).

The folding device according to the invention is therefore particularly preferably suitable for use on digital printing presses or other printing presses with a printing process variable in printing form.

In this case, a time interval of folding operations carried out via the movement of the folding members and / or a time interval of collecting operations carried out via the movement of the holding members is variably controllable and / or a lifting movement of the folding members when performing folding operations and / or a lifting movement of the Holding devices can be variably controlled when carrying out collection processes. This then ensures that a wide variety of products can be produced in any order in time on the folding device.

CH 707 824 B1 According to a further invention, different control members work together for folding and gathering. For folding and collecting, the movement of the folding members and the movement of the holding members can be controlled via mechanical control members designed as control cams in such a way that the respective control cams control the movement of the folding members and the movement of the holding members in a defined, fixed chronological sequence. With the mechanical control elements designed as control curves, further mechanical control elements designed as cover curves can interact in such a way that, in a first operating mode of the folding device, the movement of the folding elements and the movement of the holding elements can be controlled exclusively by the respective control curves in a first fixed chronological sequence, and that in In a second operating mode of the folding device, the movement of the folding members and the movement of the holding members can be controlled in a second fixed time sequence by an interaction of the respective control curves and respective cover curves.

For folding and collecting, the movement of the folding members and / or the movement of the holding members can be controlled via electrical or electromechanical control members such that the respective electrical or electromechanical control members, the movement of the folding members and / or the movement of the holding members in an arbitrarily variable time Control sequence. These electrical or electromechanical control elements can interact with the mechanical control elements in such a way that when the electrical or electromechanical control elements are inactive, they permit the folding elements and / or the holding elements to be actuated by the mechanical control elements, whereas when the mechanical or pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control elements are active, the same prevent the folding elements and / or the holding elements from being activated by the mechanical control elements.

The above interaction of the mechanical or pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control members for the control of the folding members and / or holding members in an arbitrarily variable time sequence with the mechanical control members, the control of the folding members and / or holding members in fixed time sequences is particularly preferred.

The method according to the invention for operating a folding device of a printing press is defined in claim 1.

Preferred further developments of the invention result from the dependent claims and the following description. Exemplary embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail with reference to the drawing, without being restricted to this.

Show:

[0015]

1: a schematic representation of a first folding device of a printing press; 2 shows a schematic representation of a second folding device of a printing press; Fig. 3: the detail A of the folding device of Fig. 1;

Fig. 4: the detail B of the folding device of Fig. 2;

Fig. 5: drive and control side details of the folding device of Fig. 2;

Fig. 6: further details of the folding device of Fig. 2;

7: Details of an alternative folding device of a printing press; and

Fig. 8: a schematic representation of a folding device for digital printing applications.

[0016] The present invention relates to a folding device and a method for operating such a folding device.

Fig. 1 shows as an embodiment, a first as a cylinder folding device formed folding device 10 of a printing press, which in the embodiment of FIG. 1 comprises three cylinders cooperating during folding, namely a cutting cylinder 11, a folding knife cylinder 12 and a jaw cylinder 13. With the help of Cutting cylinder 11, which carries two cutting knives 15 in the exemplary embodiment shown, can detach signatures 16 from a printed printing material web 14, which signatures 16 are gripped by the folding knife cylinder 12 and transported in the direction of the folding jaw cylinder 13, the signatures 16 from the folding knife cylinder 12 to the folding jaw cylinder 13 below Form a cross fold to be handed over. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 1, the folding knife cylinder 12 is designed as a puncturing and folding knife cylinder 12, which, as holding members, comprises several punctures 17 for holding the separated signatures 16 on the outer circumference of the folding knife cylinder 12, and which also has a plurality of folding knives 18 as folding members the formation of the transverse folds in the area between the folding blade cylinder 12 and the folding jaw cylinder 13 are immersed in folding members of the folding jaw cylinder 13 designed as folding jaws 19. In Fig. 1, cross-folded signatures are identified by the reference number 16 '.

CH 707 824 B1. FIG. 3 shows detail A of FIG. 1 in the transfer area between the folding knife cylinder 12 and the folding jaw cylinder 13, FIG. 3 showing a signature 16 on a leading edge of a holding element designed as a puncture 17 of the folding blade cylinder 12 is held, and on which a transverse fold is formed in that a folding member 18 of the folding blade cylinder 12 designed as a folding blade 18 presses the signature 16 into an open folding member of the folding jaw cylinder 13 designed as a folding jaw 19, FIG. 3 the folding jaw 19 in shows an open state. In the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 3, the folding flap 19 is formed by a fixed folding strip 20 and a folding strip 21 which is movable relative to the fixed folding strip 20. In contrast to this, both folding strips of the folding flap can also be designed to be movable.

FIG. 2 shows a further exemplary embodiment of a folding device 10 designed as a cylinder folding device, which differs from the folding device 10 of FIG. 1 in that the folding device 10 of FIG. 2 comprises a further folding knife cylinder 22 which is connected to the folding jaw cylinder 13 Formation of a second transverse fold on the signatures 16 cooperates, the signatures provided with two transverse folds being identified with the reference number 16 in FIG. 2. In order to avoid repetitions, the same reference numbers are used for the same assemblies, and only those details are dealt with below which make the folding device 10 of FIG. 2 different from the folding device 10 of FIG. 1.

The folding device 10 of FIG. 2 has, as already mentioned, an additional cylinder, namely the additional folding blade cylinder 22 which interacts with the folding jaw cylinder 13 to form further transverse folds on the signatures 16, this additional folding blade cylinder 22 in the exemplary embodiment shown is designed as a gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 which on the one hand carries folding knives 23 as folding members and on the other hand holds grippers 24 as holding members. The second transverse folds between the folding jaw cylinder 13 and the further folding blade cylinder 22 are formed between them in the transfer area B, FIG. 4 showing this transfer area B in detail.

4 that the folding jaw cylinder 13 of the folding device 10 of FIG. 2 as folding members first folding jaws 19a, which are involved in the formation of first transverse folds between the folding blade cylinder 12 and the folding jaw cylinder 13, and second folding jaws 19b , which are involved in the formation of second transverse folds between the folding jaw cylinder 13 and the further folding knife cylinder 22, each of these folding jaws 19a and 19b in turn having a fixed folding strip 20a and 20b and a movable folding strip 21a, 21b in the exemplary embodiment shown.

To form a second cross fold on a signature 16 between the jaw cylinder 13 and the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22, a gripper 24 designed as a gripping member of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 grips a signature provided with a first cross fold in the region of the first cross fold, whereby the folding member 23 of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 designed as a folding knife 23 presses this signature 16 into an open folding member of the folding jaw cylinder 13 designed as a folding flap 19b, forming a second transverse fold on the signature 16.

The folding knife cylinder 12 has two cylinder bodies 25 and 26 which can be rotated relative to one another in the circumferential direction. A first cylinder body 25 carries the punctures 17 or holding members and a second cylinder body 26 carries the folding blades 18 or folding members. In order to make a format change and / or pre-fold change on the folding device 10, the two cylinder bodies 25, 26 can be rotated relative to one another in order to adapt the circumferential distance between the punctures 17 and the folding knives 18 of the puncturing and folding knife cylinder 12.

In the embodiment of FIG. 1, in which the jaw cylinder 13 has only first jaws, the jaw cylinder 19 is made in one piece. In contrast, in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 2, in which the folding jaw cylinder 13 comprises the first folding jaws 19a for forming the first transverse folds and the second folding jaws 19b for forming the second transverse folds, the folding jaw cylinder 13 is formed from two cylinder bodies in analogy to the puncturing and folding knife cylinder 12 , wherein a first cylinder body comprises the folding jaws 19a and a second cylinder body the folding jaws 19b, the circumferential spacing of which can be changed by rotating the cylinder bodies in order to carry out a format change and / or a pre-fold changeover.

In an analogous manner, the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 is formed from two cylinder bodies, a first cylinder body of which the gripper 24 and a second cylinder body of the same carries the folding knife 23, whose circumferential distance by rotating the cylinder body of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 can be changed.

This also results from FIG. 5, FIG. 5 showing drive-side and control-side details of the folding device 10 of FIG. 2. 5 shows the toothing on the drive side of the cutting cylinder 11, puncturing and folding knife cylinder 12, folding jaw cylinder 13 and gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 via gearwheels or spur gears 31 which are arranged in different gearwheel planes and mesh with one another.

5 shows the cylinder body 25 and 26 of the puncture and folding knife cylinder 12, wherein the cylinder body 25 carries the punctures 17 and the cylinder body 26 carries the folding knife 18. 5 shows the cylinder bodies 28 and 28 of the jaw cylinder 13, the cylinder body 27 carrying the first jaws 19a and the cylinder body carrying the second jaws 19b. The cylinder bodies 29 and 30 of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 are also shown, the cylinder body 29 of the same carrying the grippers 24 and the cylinder body of the same carrying the folding knife 23.

CH 707 824 B1. [0028] FIG. 5 further shows that each of the cylinder bodies 25, 26 and 27, 28 and 29, 30 is assigned a gear wheel 31 which engages with gear wheels 31 interacting cylinders. 5 shows that a gear 31 assigned to the cylinder body 27 of the jaw cylinder 13 meshes with two further gear wheels 31 in a gear plane, namely with a gear 31 assigned to the cylinder body 26 of the puncture and folding knife cylinder 12 and one with the cylinder body 29 of the Gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 associated gear 31.

The gear 31 assigned to the cylinder body 25 of the puncture and folding knife cylinder 12 is in engagement with a gear 31 in a further gear level, which is assigned to the cutting cylinder 21. In a further gearwheel plane, further gearwheels 31 are engaged, namely the gearwheel assigned to the cylinder body 28 of the jaw cylinder 13 and the gearwheel 31 assigned to the cylinder body 30 of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 12.

For format changeover and / or pre-folding changeover in the area of the cylinders 12, 13 and 22, the respective cylinder bodies 25, 26, 27, 28 and 29, 30 are rotated relative to one another, this being done by driving the gear wheels 32, 33. With such a format change or pre-fold changeover, the cylinder bodies 25 and 26 can be rotated relative to one another in the region of the puncture and folding knife cylinder 12 in order to adjust the circumferential distance between the punctures 17 and the folding knives 18. In the area of the jaw cylinder 13, the cylinder bodies 27 and 28 can be rotated relative to one another in order to change the distance between the jaws 19a and 19b.

In the area of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22, the cylinder bodies 29 and 30 can be rotated relative to one another in order to adjust the circumferential distance between the grippers 24 and the folding knives 23.

5 further shows that all of the cylinders 11, 12, 13 and 22 of the folding device 10 can be driven by a common drive motor 34. The gearwheels 32 and 33 are driven to effect the pre-fold changeover or format changeover via separate motors 35 and 36, namely when the clutches 37 and 38 assigned to the gearwheels 32 and 33 are closed.

3 and 4 can best be seen, are in the area of the puncture and folding knife cylinder 12 as folding members, the folding knives 18 and as holding members, the punctures 17, in the area of the folding jaw cylinder 13 as folding members, the folding jaws 19 and the folding jaws 19a and 19b, and in the area of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22, the grippers 24 as holding members and the folding knives 23 as folding members can be controlled via control members 39, these control members 39 being mechanical control members in the form of control cams. These control curves 39 are also visible in FIG. 5, these control curves 39 in FIG. 5 being positioned on a different side of the cylinders 12, 13 and 22 than the gear wheels 31. Control levers 40 roll on these control cams 39, which, according to FIGS. 3 and 4, are coupled to the respective holding members 17 and 24 and the respective folding members 19, 19a, 19b and 23. The control cams 39 are contoured in the form of cam tracks, with the aid of these mechanical control members 39 the folding members or the holding members of the folding device, namely the movement of the folding members and the movement of the holding members, can be controlled in a fixed, cyclical chronological sequence.

If the folding devices shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 are to be operated in a so-called collective operation, in which several signatures 16 are collected into a signature stack in the area of the puncture and folding knife cylinder 12 before the folds are formed, mechanical control cams 39 act with these further mechanical control members 41 designed as cover curves. This is done in such a way that in a first operating mode of the folding device, for example in a non-collecting operating mode thereof, the movement of the folding members and holding members is controlled exclusively by the respective control cams 39 in a first fixed, cyclical chronological sequence, and that in a second operating mode of the folding device , in particular in the collective operating mode of the same, the movement of the folding members and the movement of the holding members are controlled by an interaction of the control curves 39 and the cover curves 40 in a second fixed, cyclical chronological sequence.

Here it is possible to control the holding members and folding members of the folding devices in different fixed, cyclical chronological sequences, namely to ensure on the one hand a collecting operation and on the other hand a non-collecting operation of the folding device.

In the folding device according to the invention of a printing press, the movement of the folding members and / or the movement of the holding members can be controlled via control members in any variable section or product-related and / or chronological sequence. In particular, there is a time-related section or product-related and / or time interval from folding operations carried out via the movement of the folding members 18, 19 or 19a, 19b and 23 and / or a time interval from collecting operations carried out via the movement of the holding members 17, 24 variably controllable. If necessary, a lifting movement of the folding members 18, 19 or 19a, 19b and 23 and / or a lifting movement of the holding members 17, 24 can be variably controlled when carrying out collecting processes, so as to produce a wide variety of printed products on the folding device in any order.

The lifting movement of the folding members when carrying out folding operations and / or the lifting movement of the holding members when carrying out collecting operations can be adjusted in stages or continuously.

A preferred embodiment of the invention is described with reference to FIG. 6 using the example of the gripper and folding knife cylinder 22 of the folding device of FIG. 2, a gripper 24 of the cylinder 22 being shown in FIG of a mechanical control member 39 designed as a control cam, on which the control lever 40 rolls, can be controlled in a defined, fixed cyclical sequence.

CH 707 824 B1 According to FIG. 6, the gripper 24 of the cylinder 22 is assigned a further control element 42, via which the movement of the holding element of the cylinder 22 designed as a gripper 24 can be controlled in any variable time sequence.

The control element 42 is an electrical or electromechanical control element which, according to FIG. 6, is designed as a pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrically or electromechanically controllable restraint element. Then, when this control element 42 or restraint element is active, it prevents the control of the holding element designed as gripper 24 via the mechanical control cam 39, in that the control element 42 or the restraint element holds the control lever 40 rolling on the mechanical control curve 39 and thus the rolling motion of the control lever on the cam 39 prevents. Then, when the control element 42 designed as a restraining element is inactive, it releases the control lever 40 and thus enables it to roll on the mechanical control cam 39 to actuate the gripper 24. 6, it is therefore possible to control the holding member of the cylinder 22, designed as a gripper 24, either in a fixed, cyclical chronological sequence via the mechanical control cam 39, on which the control lever 40 rolls, or when the control member 42 is active, this actuation via the mechanical To override the control curve by holding the control lever 40 of the gripper 24 and thus preventing it from rolling off on the control curve 39.

Although the invention in FIG. 6 has been described for a cylinder folding apparatus exclusively for the holding members of the gripping and folding knife cylinder 22 designed as grippers 24, such control members 42 can be used to control any variable section or product-related and / or timing of the Holding members and folding members are used, also in the holding members designed as punctures 17 and in the folding members designed as folding knives 18, 23 and as folding flaps 19, 19a, 19b. The pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control elements 42 can be controlled with short reaction times in any section or product-related and / or time sequence. In this respect, in the exemplary embodiment in FIG. 6, the control lever 40 can be held and released in any time sequence. Ultimately, with the use of the invention, a wide variety of printed products can be produced on a folding device in any section or product-related and / or chronological order, namely printed products which differ in their sequence in terms of the folds formed and the number of signatures collected. In the embodiment of FIG. 8, a format and fold variable folding device (10) is shown, which is designed as a puncture folder. After separating the optionally longitudinally folded web (48) or web strands (48), the sheets are collected as often as required on the puncture cylinder (49). After the predetermined number of collected sheets has been reached, the sheets are transferred to a folding jaw cylinder (13) by a gripper and folding knife cylinder (22) which is variably controlled in accordance with this invention with holding members which can be controlled accordingly. The folding members of the gripper and folding knife cylinder (22) and the holding members of the folding jaw cylinder (13) can also be designed to be variably controllable, so that cross-folded signatures with a variably controllable number of layers or page numbers can be generated. The cross-folded, variably layered signatures can be collected again in the subsequent folding device (43) within the scope of the folding possibilities to form any thick stacks before a fold in the longitudinal direction is formed with the switchable folding device (43) with the characteristics of the invention described below.

Although the details of the invention have been described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 6 and 8 using a cylinder folding device which is used to form transverse folds on signatures, the invention is not restricted to this application, rather the invention can also be used on other folding devices . 7 shows a folding device 43 which, as the folding member 45, comprises a folding knife which is mounted on a control lever 44. This control lever 44 can be actuated by a mechanical control element 46, which is a control cam, the control lever 44 rolling on this control cam 46 and being controlled as a function of this rolling movement in order to form a fold, in particular a longitudinal fold, on a signature 16 . The control of the folding member 45 via the control cam 46 takes place in a fixed, cyclical chronological sequence. In the sense of the present invention, the folding member 45 of the folding device 43 of FIG. 7 can be controlled via a control member 42 in any variable section or product-related and / or chronological order, this control member 42 as in FIG. 6 is pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrically or electromechanically controllable retaining member which holds the control lever 44 in the active state in FIG. 7 and thus prevents its actuation via the mechanical control cam 46. In the inactive state, however, the control member 42 releases the control lever 44 and permits its actuation via the mechanical control cam 46.

Preferably, the pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electromechanically controllable control members 42 include magnets 47 which hold the control lever 40 in FIG. 6 and the control lever 44 in FIG. 7 in an energized or active state and thus actuate it via the mechanical Prevent control curve 46.

With the present invention, a completely new type of operation of a folding device is possible. Thus, folding members and / or holding members of a folding device can be controlled in any variable section or product-related and / or chronological order. This makes it possible, for example, to manufacture products in any section-related or product-related and / or chronological sequence, which can vary as required in terms of their thickness or the number of their signatures collected and / or the type and number of folds formed - or differentiate between product-related and / or chronological order. The folder is ins6

CH 707 824 B1 especially suitable for digital printing presses or other printing presses with a printing form variable printing process, such as an inkjet printing process.

Reference list

[0044] 10th Folding device 11 Cutting cylinder 12th Folding knife cylinder / puncture and folding knife cylinder 13 Jaw cylinder 14 Substrate 15 Cutting knife 16 signature 16 ', 16 folded signature 17th Holding organ / signature 18th Folding unit / folding knife 19, 19a, 19b Folding unit / folding flap 20, 20a, 20b Fold bar 21, 21a, 21b Fold bar 22 Folding knife cylinder / gripper and folding knife cylinder 23 Folding unit / folding knife 24th Holding device / gripper 25th Cylinder body 26 Cylinder body 27 Cylinder body 28 Cylinder body 29 Cylinder body 30th Cylinder body 31 gear 32 gear 33 gear 34 Drive motor 35 engine 36 engine 37 clutch 38 clutch 39 Ste u e ro rgan / Ste u e r ku rve 40 Control lever 41 Control unit / cover curve

CH 707 824 B1

Tax body

Folding device

Control lever

Folding unit / folding knife control unit / control curve magnet

Railway / railway lines

Pinpoint cylinder

Claims (10)

Claims 1. A method for operating a folding device of a printing press, which is used for folding and collecting printed signatures, and the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and holding members (17, 24), wherein for folding and collecting the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the holding members (17, 24) are controlled via control members such that the control members control a movement of the folding members and a movement of the holding members, characterized in that the movement of the Folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and / or the movement of the holding members (17, 24) can be controlled in any variable section and / or product-related and / or time sequence, namely in such a way that a time interval of folding operations carried out via the movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and / or a time interval between collecting operations carried out via the movement of the holding members (17, 24) and / or a lifting movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23 , 45) when carrying out folding operations and / or a lifting movement of the holding members (17, 24) when carrying out collecting operations is variably controlled. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that the lifting movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) when performing folding operations and / or the lifting movement of the holding members (17, 24) when performing collecting operations is set in steps or continuously. 3. folding device of a printing press for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 2, with folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and with holding members (17, 24), the folding members (18, 19 , 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the holding members (17, 24) can be controlled via control members such that the control members control a movement of the folding members and a movement of the holding members, characterized in that the movement of the folding members for folding and collecting (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the movement of the holding members (17, 24) can be controlled via mechanical control members (39, 46) designed as control cams in such a way that the respective control cams the movement of the folding members (18, 19 , 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the movement of the holding members (17, 24) in a defined, fixed section and / or product-related and / or time sequence. 4. Folding device according to claim 3, characterized in that with the mechanical control members (39, 46) designed as control cams further mechanical control members (41) designed as cover cams interact in such a way that in a first operating mode of the folding device the movement of the folding members (18, 19 , 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the movement of the holding members (17, 24) can be controlled exclusively by the respective control cams in a first fixed section and / or product-related and / or time sequence, and that in a second operating mode of the folding device the movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the movement of the holding members (17.24) by an interaction of the respective control curves and the respective cover curves in a second fixed section and / or product-related and / or chronological sequence are controllable. 5. folding device of a printing press for performing the method according to claim 1 or 2, with folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and with holding members (17, 24), the folding members (18, 19 , 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the holding members (17, 24) can be controlled via control members such that the control members control a movement of the folding members and a movement of the holding members, characterized in that for the purpose of folding and collecting, the movement of the folding members ( 18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and / or the movement of the holding members (17, 24) via pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control members (42) can be controlled in such a way that the respective pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control members (42) the movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and / or the movement of the holding members (17, 24) in any section and / or product-related and / or variable temporal A control sequence. 6. folding device of a printing press for carrying out the method according to claim 1 or 2, with folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and with holding members (17, 24), the folding members (18, 19 , 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the holding members (17, 24) can be controlled via control members such that the control members CH 707 824 B1 control a movement of the folding members and a movement of the holding members, characterized in that, for folding and collecting, the movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and / or the movement of the holding members (17, 24) can be controlled via pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control elements (42) in such a way that the respective pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control elements (42) control the movement of the folding elements (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23 , 45) and / or control the movement of the holding members (17, 24) in any section and / or product-related and / or variable time sequence and can be controlled via mechanical control members (39, 46) designed as control cams in such a way that the respective Control curves the movement of the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) and the movement of the holding members (17, 24) in a defined, fixed section and / or product-related and / or time control sequence, the pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control elements (42) interacting with the mechanical control elements (39, 41, 46) in such a way that when the pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control elements (42 ) are inactive, they allow the folding members and / or the holding members to be controlled by the mechanical control members (39, 41, 46), whereas if the electrical or electromechanical control members (42) are active, they control the folding members and / or prevent the holding elements by the mechanical control elements (39, 41, 46). 7. Folding device according to claim 6, characterized in that the pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrical or electromechanical control members (42) are designed as pneumatic or electro-pneumatic or electrically or electromechanically controllable retaining members which are in the active state with the folding members and / or Hold the control levers (40, 44) cooperating with the holding members and rolling on the mechanical control members (39, 41, 46) and prevent the control levers from rolling off on the mechanical control members (39, 41, 46), and which, when inactive, hold the control levers (40 , 44) and allow the rolling motion of the control levers on the mechanical control elements (39, 41, 46). 8. Folding device according to one of claims 3 to 7, characterized in that the folding members (18, 19, 19a, 19b, 23, 45) are folding knives and / or folding flaps, and that the holding members (17, 24) are punctures and / or Are grabs. 9. Folding device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the same is a cylinder folding device for forming transverse folds. 10. Folding device according to one of claims 3 to 8, characterized in that the same is a folding device for forming longitudinal folds. CH 707 824 B1 CH 707 824 B1 CH 707 824 B1 ig. 5 CH 707 824 B1