CH688908GA3 - Apparatus and method for the continuous Dyeing of knitted goods in tubular form. - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for the continuous, homogeneous dyeing of knitwear in tubular form.

All previously known, corresponding processes have the disadvantage of providing uneven dyeings, particularly when dyeing in deep shades. The device according to the invention, or the method according to the invention, now delivers perfectly homogeneous dyeings on knitwear in tubular form even in deep shades.

The device according to the invention consists of an immersion device (1) for the substrate (S), a compressed-air nozzle combination (2) for ballooning the tubular substrate (S), a squeezer (3), deflection rollers (4) around the broad-area substrate ( S) into the damper (D), a heated slot channel (5) at the entrance to the damper (D) deflection rollers (6) in the fixing area (D1) of the damper (D), a sub-fleet deflection roller filled with turbulence-free flowing liquor (8) containing immersion trough (7) with overflow (7b), guide rollers (9a), a further compressed air nozzle combination (10) for ballooning the substrate (S) and guide rollers (9b) in the leveling area (D2) of the damper (D ) and further deflection rollers (11, 11a) in the final fixing area (D3) of the damper (D), and a water lock (12) at the exit of the substrate (S) from the damper (D). The numbers or letters in brackets refer to the figure.

The first part of the above-mentioned device, with diving device (1), nozzle combination (2) for ballooning, squeezing mechanism (3) and deflection rollers (4), corresponds to known devices for the same purpose. The diving device (1) can also e.g. be designed as a diving trough with one or more sub-fleet rollers. The nozzle combinations (2) and (10) can be pivoted so that the degree of ballooning of the tubular substrate can be adapted to the optimal conditions.

Impregnation is generally carried out to a dry weight gain of 80 to 250%. The rollers of the squeeze mechanism are made of a soft material with a Shore hardness between 30 and 60 °. In order to achieve such a high increase in dry weight (up to 250%), a suitable auxiliary is preferably added to the dye liquor. A leveling agent which is a copolymer based on acrylamide in organosol form (commercial product, for example "Sansapol Pb, liquid) is preferred here. This also largely compensates for the mechanical marking by the squeezing mechanism and any irregularities in the substrate caused by the mercerization, without fear of disadvantageous, too rapid draining of the liquor, such an aid has its advantageous effect even with small amounts of use. These are generally between 0.05 and 0.8 g / l, preferably between 0.1 and 0, 5 g / l dyeing liquor.

The temperature in the damper (D) is generally between 98 and 102 ° C., the atmosphere is saturated with water vapor. To prevent water vapor from condensing on the colder substrate and in the boundary area between cold air and steam when entering the damper (D), through the inlet (5) in wide form (the slot channel), and due to inhomogeneities on the impregnation of the substrate (S) If condensation forms, the slot channel is heated from below, on the channel (13) on one or both sides, so that any condensation that may occur there is immediately dried off and the formation of condensation drops is prevented.

A series of deflection rollers (6a, 11a) can be pivoted, this serves to set the desired tension of the substrate (S). The number of deflection rollers (6, 6a, 11, 11a) can, if e.g. a longer residence time of the substrate in the damper is desired, increased (or also reduced).

Circulated in the immersion trough (7), free of turbulence, is a fleet which promotes equalization, which is introduced at (7a) and leaves the immersion trough (7) at the overflow (7b). This liquor is continuously checked for the desired auxiliary concentration in a device (not shown), adjusted if necessary, homogenized and pumped back into the immersion trough at (7a).

The method according to the invention for the continuous dyeing of knitted fabric in tubular form is characterized in that the substrate (S) is impregnated with dye solution in a suitable device (1), then ballooned, fed to a squeezer, in broad form through a heated slot channel (5) The anchoring area (D1) of a damper (D) with deflection rollers (6, 6a) conducts, in the leveling area (D2) a diving trough (7) with an overflow deflection roller (8) and an overflow (7b ) passes between guide rollers (9a) for the purpose of ballooning a compressed-air nozzle combination (10) and finally, via deflection rollers (9b, 11, 11a) through the final fixing area (D3) of the damper to the exit water lock (12) and then the coloring is completed.

Knitwear made of cellulosic material, in particular cotton, is preferably dyed according to the invention. But also other tubular knitted fabrics, e.g. linear, aromatic polyesters, cellulose acetates, synthetic polyamide or polyacrylonitrile fibers and mixtures of such fibers can be dyed according to the invention with the appropriate dyes.

The cellulosic materials, in particular cotton, are preferably dyed with fast-coloring reactive dyes, in particular fluorotriazinyl groups or fluorochloropyrimidyl groups, but also with dyes containing vinylsulfone groups or with double-anchor reactive dyes. The impregnation, before the first ballooning, is preferably carried out with a liquor which, in addition to the dye (mixture) and the auxiliaries usually used (e.g. oxidizing agents, alkali-resistant wetting agents, plasticizers for the easy movement of the substrate, complexing agents, urea and above all) a leveling agent as mentioned above) already contains the salt and alkali (soda and / or lye) necessary for fixing the dye. The alkali solution for the impregnation liquor is prepared separately and is preferably added to the dye solution in a ratio of 1: 4 (one part of alkali solution to 4 parts of dye solution) using a metering pump.

In the fusing zone (D1) of the damper (D), the residence time of the substrate (S), depending on the reactivity of the dye used, is about 3 to 30 seconds, and about 70% of the dye should be fixed on the substrate (S). Thereafter, the substrate (S) passes through the immersion trough (7), which contains a leveling-promoting liquor, preferably a (concentrated to saturated) salt solution (Glauber's salt, table salt), or a solution in which the salt is partially replaced by soda or an alkali lye is. In some cases, pure water can also be used here. The liquor in the immersion trough (7) is generally kept at a temperature between 70 and 80 ° C.

After ballooning over the immersion trough (7), the substrate is guided into the final fixing zone (D3), where it remains for about 50 to 150 seconds until it is discharged via the lock (8) and (not shown) e.g. is completed by rinsing, soaping, rinsing again and drying. The throughput speed of the substrate (S) is generally 5 to 50 or between about 10 and 25 meters per minute. In the following examples, as in the entire description, the percentages given are percentages by weight. The temperatures are given in degrees Celsius.

example 1

A cotton jersey in the form of a tube is inserted into the dyeing machine as shown in the illustration. The immersion device (1) contains an aqueous dye liquor of the following composition: <tb> <TABLE> Columns = 2 <tb> <SEP> 50 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Red 124 (commercial product), <tb> <SEP> 0.3 g / l <SEP> of a commercially available, anionic leveling agent that increases the liquor application (Sansapol PB, liquid), <tb> <SEP> 10 g / l <SEP> of a commercially available oxidizing agent (Revatol S. Gran.), <tb> <SEP> 6 g / l <SEP> of an alkali-resistant wetting agent (Sandozin EH, liquid), <tb> <SEP> 2 g / l <SEP> of a plasticizer that reduces the friction of the substrate (Imacol JN, fl), <tb> <SEP> 2 g / l <SEP> of a sodium polyacrylate commercial product (complexing agent), <tb> <SEP> 150 g / l <SEP> urea and <tb> <SEP> 2 g / l <SEP> table salt. <tb> </TABLE>

This dye liquor is mixed with a dosing pump in a ratio of 1: 4, a soda solution containing 20 g / l, this liquor is fed to the immersion device (1) and kept there at the same level.

Ballooning at (2) and squeezing (at 3) to approx. 150% dry weight gain take place in the usual way.

With the help of the heater on the channel (13), the lower part of the slot channel (5) is heated to about 110 °, taking care that the substrate does not touch the walls of the slot channel.

The transport speed of the substrate (S) is 10 meters per minute, the residence time in the attachment zone (D1) is 20 seconds. The substrate (S) is then passed through the immersion trough (7) and, after leaving the same, is ballooned in the usual way through the nozzle device (10). The substrate (S) then passes through the ready-fixing zone (D3) and the lock (12) filled with pure water and is then rinsed cold and hot in the usual way, soaped, rinsed again cold and dried. The immersion trough (7) is continuously rinsed with a saturated Glauber's salt solution that flows without turbulence. The residence time of the substrate (S) in the damper (D), which has a saturated vapor atmosphere of 102 °, is 150 seconds in total. This gives a perfectly level, deep, brilliant red color.

Instead of the C.I. Reactive Red 124 can also be used according to the above example, the specified amounts of the following dyes / dye mixtures: <tb> <TABLE> Columns = 4 <tb> <SEP> 3.2 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Yellow 125, <tb> <SEP> mixture <SEP> 11.0 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Red 147, <SEP> light red, <tb> <SEP> 0.2 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Blue 209 <tb> <SEP> 100 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Black 5, <SEP> black, <tb> <SEP> mixture <SEP> 0.8 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Red 159 <SEP> bluish red, <tb> <CEL CB = 2 AL = L> 0.9 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Violet 33 <tb> <SEP> 120 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Blue 225 <CEL AL = L> dark blue, <tb> <SEP> mixture <SEP> 17 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Violet 33 <SEP> dark violet, <tb> <CEL CB = 2 AL = L> 4 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Blue 114 <tb> <SEP> mixture <SEP> 47 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Red 159 <CEL AL = L> pink <tb> <SEP> 0.1 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Blue 114 <tb> </TABLE>

Example 2

In the same way as in Example 1

a) Cotton jersey as a raw material (170 kg) in tubular form with bleaching

b) Tube bleached cotton jersey (50 kg)

c) Modal viscose (50 kg) without pretreatment, with soap after bleaching, in tube form in an aqueous dye liquor of the following composition: <tb> <TABLE> Columns = 2 <tb> <SEP> 6 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Yellow 125 (commercial product) <tb> <SEP> 78 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Red 147 (commercial product) <tb> <SEP> 0.15 g / l <SEP> C.I. Reactive Blue 209 (commercial product) <tb> <SEP> 0.3 g / l <SEP> of a commercially available, anionic leveling agent that increases the liquor application (Sansapol PB, liquid) <tb> <SEP> 15 g / l <SEP> of a commercially available oxidizing agent (Revatol S. Gran.) <tb> <SEP> 6 ml / l <SEP> of an alkali-resistant wetting agent (Sandozin EH, fl.) <tb> <SEP> 2 ml / l <SEP> of an anionic lubricant to prevent the formation of wrinkles (Imacol S, fl.) <tb> <SEP> 2 ml / l <SEP> of a complexing agent for alkaline earth metal compounds (Sandopur RSK fl.) <tb> <SEP> 150 g / l <SEP> urea and <tb> <SEP> 2 g / l <SEP> table salt; <tb> </TABLE> which is mixed with a dosing pump in a ratio of 1: 4 a 20 g / l soda solution, colored, the fabric speed 12 m / min and the steam temperature is 94 °.

Claims (3)

1. Device for the continuous production of homogeneously colored knitted fabric in tubular form, consisting of a dipping device (1) for the substrate (S), a compressed air-nozzle combination (2) for ballooning the tubular substrate (S), a squeezing mechanism (3), deflection rollers (4) in order to guide the broad-area substrate (S) into the damper (D), a heated slot channel (5) at the entrance to the damper (D), deflection rollers (6) in the fixing area (D1) of the damper (D), an immersed trough (7) with an overflow (7b), guide rollers (9a), a further compressed air nozzle combination (10) for ballooning the substrate (S) and guide rollers (9b ) in the leveling area (D2) of the damper (D) and further deflection rollers (11, 11a) in the final fixing area (D3) of the damper (D), and a water lock (12) at the exit of the substrate (S) from the damper (D). 2. Device according to claim 1, wherein the slot channel (5) for the substrate (S) in wide form has a heated channel (13) at its lower opening. 3. A process for the continuous dyeing of knitted goods in tubular form, characterized in that the substrate (S) is impregnated with dye solution in a dipping device (1), then ballooned, fed to a squeezer, in broad form through a heated slot channel (5) in the fixing area (D1) of a damper (D) with deflection rollers (6, 6a) conducts, in the leveling area (D2), an immersion trough (7), which is fed with a turbulence-free flowing liquor and contains an underfloor deflection roller (8), with an overflow, passes between guide rollers (9a ) for the ballooning of a compressed air nozzle combination (10) and finally, via deflection rollers (9b, 11, 11a) through the final fixing area (D3) of the damper to the exit water lock (12) and then the coloring is completed.