EP0856602A1 - Method and device for applying vat dyes, particularly indigo to warp yarns - Google Patents

Abstract

To apply a vat dye to warp yarns (1), and especially indigo, they are passed through an immersion bath (2) with the dyestuff (3), followed by a dwell stretch in a chamber (20) containing little or no oxygen. Before the warps (1) enter the dyestuff (3), they pass through a vapour lock (5) which extends as far as the surface (7) of the dyestuff (3) and is separated from the chamber (20). Also claimed is an appts. with a vapour lock (5) in the path of the warps (1) to the dyestuff, separated from the chamber (5).

Description

The invention relates to a method and an apparatus the features of the preamble of the independent claims.

In vat dyeing, a special dyeing process is used textile fabrics with so-called vat dyes such as for example indigo colored. The vat dyes are Compounds with an indigoid or anthrachinoid structure and mostly insoluble. The vat dyes are used for coloring first chemically reduced and into a water-soluble, fiber-affine leuco dye transferred. The leuco dye forms the dye liquor, often referred to as Küpe. The Tissue to be dyed is generally dipped into the vat. Because of the high fiber affinity of the leuco dyes, the Dyeing speed is high and can cause irregularities perform by adding leveling agents or by Temperature increase can be compensated. The texiles Subsequently substances are separated from the dyeing liquor and rinsed. By contacting the fabric soaked in liquor with Atmospheric oxygen or other oxidizing agents are formed original dye back through oxidation. Of the water-insoluble dye formed during this oxidation adheres very well to the fiber, is extremely genuine and can no longer be changed by atmospheric oxygen.

Warp threads are often used to manufacture textiles passed through an immersion bath filled with a dye liquor. By entering the fleet at high speed Oxygen is threading from the ambient air into the fleet torn, causing the fleet to be partially in the immersion bath is oxidized. This leads to a large consumption of Dye, which cannot be used for dyeing, but is lost.

Another problem with vat dyeing of threads is in that the fleet on the surface of the rapidly emerging Liquids of color escaping through contact with atmospheric oxygen immediately oxidized. The dye is thus on the Surface of the threads fixed, but can not be inside penetrate.

To avoid oxidation of the dye liquor in the immersion bath it is known to use the fleet with antioxidants to provide. But this is also not an ecological point of view harmless. To prevent the immediate oxidation of the Color liquor on the surface of the threads after exiting it is also known from the immersion bath that the threads are directly after Leaving the fleet through an atmosphere with one to carry inert gas. If the threads in a certain time linger in a non-oxidizing atmosphere Fleet penetrate sufficiently inside the threads without to be oxidized. Such an arrangement shows, for example the FR 1097607.

To prevent the threads from entraining oxygen when entering the paint fleet, the Threads treated with an inert gas before contact with the liquor. This is for example from US 5,378,246 and from the US 5,494,491 known.

DE 43 42 313 also teaches the threads before entering to pass the dye liquor through the chamber, which essentially is oxygen free. This is to avoid that Oxygen entrained by the threads and into the dye liquor is entered. However, this device is with the The disadvantage is that the inert atmosphere (inert gas such as Nitrogen or hot steam) due to the openings in the housing must be kept under a certain pressure. Since that Housing that limits the oxygen-free atmosphere, has two openings (inlet and outlet) of the yarn, the loss of inert gas is relatively large. Inert gas is an important cost factor in the operation of such Dyeing equipment, which is why consumption is low if possible to be held. Another disadvantage of such devices is that despite all the measures, oxygen through the entrance lock in the form of a squeeze mechanism in the essentially oxygen-free chamber can enter. This leads to the fact that the dwelling distance for winding up the dyeing liquor into the yarns, or only with a large one Effort can be kept sufficiently low in oxygen.

It is an object of the present invention to address the disadvantages to avoid the known, in particular a procedure and a device for applying vat dye to create a thread group that is economical and environmentally friendly are operable. The consumption of Inert gas is reduced and the consumption of antioxidants avoided in the dye liquor if possible will. In addition, with the method and the device according to the present invention a good fixation of the Color can be achieved on the threads.

These tasks are carried out with one procedure and one Device with the features of the characterizing part of the independent claims solved.

In a method for applying vat dye, in particular Indigo, the thread group becomes a thread group guided through an immersion bath, which was filled with a dye bath is filled. After leaving the paint fleet, the Thread sheet in a chamber with an oxygen-free or oxygen-poor atmosphere led over a dwell. As long as the coulter is on this stay in the oxygen-free or oxygen-free chamber is located, oxidized the paint fleet is not yet and can be inside the Throw in threads. The length of stay is dependent on the Speed of the yarn chosen so that the thread group only escapes into the oxidizing ambient air when the Threads are soaked inside with liquor.

Before entering the color fleet, the thread sheet is through guided a steam lock. The steam lock extends essentially to the surface of the liquor and is according to the invention separated from the chamber through which the Thread group is led out of the immersion bath. The Providing such a steam lock is particularly advantageous because the consumption of inert gas in the chamber with the oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere independent on the type of thread sheet entry into the dyeing liquor becomes. Therefore, in this chamber you can still use the relatively expensive nitrogen can be worked without that it must be feared that the atmosphere through the entering threads is again enriched with oxygen. The chamber can thus be oxygen-free with little effort or kept low in oxygen. On the other hand the steam lock can be made relatively small, so that only a small volume of steam to form this Lock is required. The use of steam is also cheaper and has additional advantages. In particular, it is advantageous that the family of threads due to the hot steam before entering the dyeing liquor on the one hand is moistened and on the other hand heated. This will the dyeing process or the inclusion of the dyeing liquor in the Threads improved.

In a particularly advantageous method, the Steam lock right up to the surface of the paint bath. In a further advantageous embodiment the coulter is also towards the end of the steam lock through at least one mechanical lock arrangement, for example in the form of sealing tabs. This also avoids that oxygen from the Threads taken and carried into the dye bath.

The device according to the invention for the application of vat dye on a thread sheet consists essentially of an immersion bath to hold a liquor and an arrangement to guide the coulter on a treatment path in and through the paint fleet. The device also has a chamber with an essentially oxygen-free atmosphere on through which the treatment route after exiting the color fleet leads. That way in the oxygen-free or a low-oxygen chamber serves to pull the fleet into the threads. Only after leaving the liquor is oxidized from this chamber fixed the threads. The device is in accordance with the invention a steam lock through which the treatment route runs before entering the paint fleet. The steam lock is from the oxygen-poor or oxygen-free chamber Cut. Due to the spatial separation of the steam lock The oxygen - free chamber prevents the Threads of entrained oxygen can enter the chamber. The fleet through which the thread sheet is led serves as an almost perfect gas seal between the steam lock on the one hand and the oxygen-deficient chamber on the other.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the Steam lock formed by a channel that extends up to at least to the surface, preferably to a little below the surface of the paint fleet. Training the steam lock in the form of a channel is special simple and efficient. At least at the beginning of the steam lock is also preferably a sealing tab arrangement in the channel appropriate. Thanks to these sealing tabs, the entry of Oxygen in the steam lock is reduced mechanically, which results in reduced steam consumption. It is also advantageous at the end of the steam lock such a sealing tab assembly attached.

In a further advantageous embodiment, the longitudinal extension of the steam lock adjustable. Depending on the number of threads to be dyed in a thread group the width can be adjusted. The long side Expansion is determined depending on the number of threads.

The width of the steam lock is also advantageous in Depending on the diameter of the threads to be dyed. Ideally, the width of the lock is less than about five times, preferably about two to four times the Thread diameter selected. This ensures that Knots in the threads are not retained by the lock will.

In another, structurally particularly simple embodiment is the one wall of the channel, which is the Steam lock forms as a continuation of the wall of the immersion bath educated. Such an arrangement is more constructive View particularly advantageous.

Figur 1

eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung,

Figur 2

eine detailliertere Ansicht der erfindungsgemässen Vorrichtung im Bereich der Dampfschleuse,

Figur 3

eine Detailansicht eines Ausschnitts aus der Dampfschleuse im Querschnitt,

Figur 4

eine Ansicht der Längsseite einer schematisch dargestellten Dampfschleuse,

Figur 5

eine schematische Darstellung einer Dichtlappenanordnung,

Figur 6

eine schematische Darstellung einer Dichtlappenanordnung in der Farbflotte, und

Figur 7

eine Detailansicht der Dampfschleuse.

The invention is explained below with reference to the drawings and in exemplary embodiments. Show it:

Figure 1

2 shows a schematic representation of a device according to the invention,

Figure 2

2 shows a more detailed view of the device according to the invention in the area of the steam lock,

Figure 3

a detailed view of a section of the steam lock in cross section,

Figure 4

2 shows a view of the long side of a schematically illustrated steam lock,

Figure 5

1 shows a schematic illustration of a sealing tab arrangement,

Figure 6

is a schematic representation of a sealing tab arrangement in the paint fleet, and

Figure 7

a detailed view of the steam lock.

Figure 1 shows an inventive device for applying from vat color to a thread sheet 1. The thread sheet 1 is passed through an immersion bath 2, in which a dye liquor 3 is included. After leaving the paint fleet 3, the Thread group 1 in a chamber 20 over a dwell section 21 out, on which the paint fleet to the inside of the Threads can penetrate without being oxidized. The thread cluster 1 is through a steam lock before entering the paint fleet 3 5 led. The steam lock prevents that the threads carry oxygen into the fleet. Moreover the threads are heated and wetted in the steam lock. The coulter is over pulleys 16 through the dyeing arrangement guided. These roles are not the subject of present invention.

Figure 2 shows a more detailed view of the inventive Steam lock. The steam lock 5 is arranged that they are below surface 7 of the paint bath 3 extends. This will prevent the threads from falling Entry into the fleet come into contact with oxygen and can bring this into the fleet. The steam lock is in the form of a channel formed by two side walls 10a, 10b is limited. After leaving the dyeing liquor 3, the thread sheet 1 is passed into a chamber 20, in which is an oxygen-poor or oxygen-free atmosphere prevails. To create this atmosphere is preferred Nitrogen used. One outer wall 22 of chamber 20 also extends to below surface 7 of FIG Dyeing liquor 3. This ensures that chamber 20 is well sealed in the area where the thread sheet 1 enters the chamber 20 guaranteed. The exact design of the chamber 20, in particular Exit lock are known to the person skilled in the art and are not shown in detail. For the sake of clarity were the walls 10a, 10b of the channel in Figure 2 8 and the walls 22 of the chamber 20 and the edge 11 of the immersion bath 2 shown as individual components. As from Figure 1 can be seen, but can be in a particularly simple Construction variant as a wall 10a of the channel 8 Continuation of the side wall 11 of the immersion bath 2 and the other Wall 10b of lock 5 as part of wall 22 of chamber 20 be formed. Figure 3 shows a detailed view of such a formed steam lock 5.

The steam lock 5 consists essentially of a channel 8, which is delimited by two walls 10a, 10b. One wall 10a forms the continuation of the side wall 11 of the immersion bath 2 for receiving the liquor 3. The other side wall 10b at the same time forms the wall 22 of the chamber 20 through which the thread sheet 1 after leaving the dye liquor 3 out becomes. The entrance to the steam lock 5 is also preferably additionally provided with a mechanical lock, which impedes the penetration of oxygen. Superheated steam is via a feed line 13 in the channel 8 of the steam lock 5 introduced. It doesn't necessarily have to be a derivative be provided for the steam. The provision of a steam with slightly increased pressure compared to the environment leads to that steam escapes through openings, thereby preventing is that oxygen enters through the openings. Especially This is advantageous if the steam is in the area of the inlet the threads 1 in the steam lock in the opposite direction to the direction of travel the threads can come out.

Figure 4 shows schematically a view of the lock running thread sheet 1. The steam lock 5 is schematic represented as a channel formed by two walls 10a, 10b, which of course is closed on the short sides have to be. The steam lock 5 extends slightly below the surface 7 of the dye liquor 3, which in one Plunge pool 2 is included. In Figure 4 is the elongated Extension A of the steam lock 5 is shown. The steam lock 5 is shaped so that its elongated extension A can be adjusted. This allows the steam lock respective needs, especially the number to be colored Threads in the thread sheet can be adjusted.

Figure 5 shows schematically a cross section through the steam lock in the area of entry of the thread sheet in the Lock. The steam lock 5 is channel 8 through two Side walls 10a, 10b limited. In the area of entry of the Thread sheet 1 in the channel 8 is also a sealing tab arrangement 9 provided. The sealing tabs 9 are made of elastic Made of material and nestle against the continuous Thread cluster 1. This ensures that the Entry into the lock between individual threads of the thread sheet closed is. The width B of the channel 8 is in Dependency of the threads of the thread sheet usually used 1 determined. Usually the width B shouldn't be more than five times the diameter of a thread. This choice of width B ensures that even in the case of knots, the threads of the steam lock 5 without problems can happen.

An identical mechanical lock with a sealing tab arrangement 9 can also be at the end of the steam lock 5 or even in the area of the paint fleet itself (see Figure 6).

Thanks to the arrangement below the surface 7 of the dye liquor 3 Sealing flap arrangement 9 will mix one of the steam lock 5 enclosed part 3a of the dye liquor 3rd avoided with the rest of the paint fleet. Possibly through the sheet of entrained oxygen enters the area the dye liquor 3a and, if necessary, oxidizes it. A further transport of the oxygen into the rest of the paint fleet 3 is prevented thanks to the sealing tab arrangement 9.

Figure 7 shows an embodiment of the steam lock 5 in Detail. The threads run between the sealing tabs 9. These consist of elastic material and are made of sheet metal clamped to the outer wall of the lock.

Claims (12)

Process for the application of vat dye, in particular indigo, to a thread sheet (1), in which the thread sheet (1) is immersed in a chamber (20) with a low oxygen content by means of an immersion bath (2) with a dye liquor (3) and then through a residence zone (21) or an oxygen-free atmosphere for drawing up the dye liquor into the threads,
characterized in that the thread sheet (1) is guided through a steam lock (5) which extends essentially to the surface (7) of the paint bath (3) and is separated from the chamber (20) before entering the paint bath (3) . A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the thread sheet (1) immediately before entering the Color liquor (3) is guided through the steam lock (5). Method according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized characterized that the thread sheet (1) in the steam lock (5) by at least one sealing tab arrangement (9) is performed. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized characterized that with saturated steam in the steam lock a temperature of 100 ° C and a degree of saturation of 100% is used or by hot steam with temperatures > 100 ° C. Device for applying vat dye, in particular indigo, to a group of threads (1),
with an immersion bath (2) for receiving a dye liquor (3) and an arrangement (16) for guiding the sheet of yarn on a treatment path into and through the dye liquor (3) and with a chamber (20) with an essentially oxygen-free atmosphere for drawing up the liquor into the threads of the thread sheet (1) on a dwell section (21) in this chamber (20), characterized in that the device is provided with a steam lock (5) through which the treatment path runs before entering the dye liquor (3), and which is separate from the chamber (20). Device according to claim 5, characterized in that the steam lock (5) is formed by a channel (8) is because they are at least up to the surface (7) of the liquor (3) extends. Device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized characterized in that the longitudinal extension (A) of the Steam lock (5) is adjustable. Device according to one of claims 5 to 7, characterized characterized in that in the channel (8) to form the steam lock (5) at least one sealing tab arrangement (9) is arranged. Device according to claim 8, characterized in that a sealing tab arrangement (9) in the area of the entrance the thread sheet (1) in the steam lock (5) and a second sealing flap arrangement (9) at the end of the steam lock (5) below the surface (7) of the liquor (3) is arranged. Device according to one of claims 5 to 9, characterized characterized that the width B of the steam lock less than five times, preferably about two to two four times the diameter of the threads of the thread sheet (1) concerns. Device according to one of claims 6 to 10, characterized characterized in that the channel (8) by two walls (10a, 10b) is limited, of which one side wall (10a) as a continuation of the side wall (11) of the immersion bath (2) is trained. Device according to one of claims 6 to 11, characterized characterized in that the channel (8) by two side walls (10a, 10b) is formed, the one side wall (10b) at the same time a wall (22) of the chamber (20) forms.

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