CH673442A5 - Bimodal transport wagon coupling device - Google Patents
Bimodal transport wagon coupling device Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CH673442A5 CH673442A5 CH63988A CH63988A CH673442A5 CH 673442 A5 CH673442 A5 CH 673442A5 CH 63988 A CH63988 A CH 63988A CH 63988 A CH63988 A CH 63988A CH 673442 A5 CH673442 A5 CH 673442A5
- Authority
- CH
- Switzerland
- Prior art keywords
- semi
- box
- trailer
- pins
- arm
- Prior art date
Links
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G5/00—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for
- B61G5/02—Couplings for special purposes not otherwise provided for for coupling articulated trains, locomotives and tenders or the bogies of a vehicle; Coupling by means of a single coupling bar; Couplings preventing or limiting relative lateral movement of vehicles
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
- B61D3/10—Articulated vehicles
- B61D3/12—Articulated vehicles comprising running gear interconnected by loads
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
- B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
- B61D3/18—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles
- B61D3/182—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers
- B61D3/184—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for vehicles specially adapted for heavy vehicles, e.g. public work vehicles, trucks, trailers the heavy vehicles being of the trailer or semi-trailer type
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D3/00—Wagons or vans
- B61D3/16—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads
- B61D3/20—Wagons or vans adapted for carrying special loads for forwarding containers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
- B61D45/001—Devices for fixing to walls or floors
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61D—BODY DETAILS OR KINDS OF RAILWAY VEHICLES
- B61D45/00—Means or devices for securing or supporting the cargo, including protection against shocks
- B61D45/001—Devices for fixing to walls or floors
- B61D45/004—Fixing semi-trailers
- B61D45/005—Fixing semi-trailers by using fifth wheel locks
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61G—COUPLINGS; DRAUGHT AND BUFFING APPLIANCES
- B61G1/00—Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means
- B61G1/32—Couplings comprising interengaging parts of different shape or form and having links, bars, pins, shackles, or hooks as coupling means with horizontal bolt or pin
Abstract
Description
DESCRIZIONE Costituisce oggetto del presente brevetto d'invenzione un dispositivo di aggancio snodato, applicato particolarmente su carrelli ferroviari, atto ad accoppiare tra loro carri o semirimorchi d'autotreni a trasporto bimodale, realizzati in maniera tale da essere utilizzati sia per il trasporto stradale, che per quello ferroviario. DESCRIPTION The object of the present invention patent is an articulated coupling device, applied particularly on railway carriages, suitable for coupling wagons or semi-trailers of bi-modal transport trucks, made in such a way as to be used both for road transport and for for the railway one.
Attualmente il più diffuso tra i sistemi di trasporto intermodale è costituito da un carro ferroviario «Poche» sul quale viene sistemato un semirimorchio. Currently the most widespread of the intermodal transport systems is a "Poche" railway wagon on which a semi-trailer is placed.
Per l'impossibile connubio tra la sagoma limite ferroviaria e quella stradale, la suddetta soluzione impone grossi sacrifici in s termini di volumi e di numero di semirimorchi trasportabili per ferrovia. Infatti, ipotizzando un convoglio lungo 500 metri, mediante il sistema «Poche» i semirimorchi trasportabili non potevano essere più di trenta, mentre, tramite il dispositivo oggetto dell'invenzione, è possibile realizzare un convoglio con ben io trentasette veicoli. Due to the impossible union between the railway and road limit gauge, the above solution imposes large sacrifices in terms of volumes and number of transportable semi-trailers by rail. In fact, assuming a 500 meters long convoy, by means of the «Poche» system, the transportable semitrailers could not be more than thirty, while, through the device object of the invention, it is possible to create a convoy with thirty-seven vehicles.
Con i carri «Poche», inoltre, i rimorchi venivano caricati sui carri stessi compresivi di ruote, il che limitava maggiormente lo sfruttamento dell'intera sagoma limite stradale. Furthermore, with the «Poche» wagons, the trailers were loaded onto the wagons themselves, including wheels, which more limited the exploitation of the entire road limit shape.
Tutti questi inconvenienti ed altri ancora vengono eliminati i5 soddisfacentemente per mezzo del dispositivo di aggancio oggetto dell'invenzione che, potendo essere applicato su usuali carrelli ferroviari, consente l'abbinamento tra carri o semirimorchi particolarmente strutturati, formando un convoglio ferroviario con operazioni di aggancio estremamente semplici ed 20 in modo che ogni vettura possa fungere sia da elemento trainante che trainato. All these drawbacks and others are satisfactorily eliminated by means of the coupling device object of the invention which, being able to be applied on usual railway carriages, allows the combination between particularly structured wagons or semi-trailers, forming a railway train with extremely fast coupling operations. simple and 20 so that each car can act as both a driving and towing element.
Per meglio specificare la diversità tra un convoglio formato con il dispositivo oggetto dell'innovazione e quello del carro «Poche», o similari, si può dire che per questi ultimi è necessa-25 rio un carro ferroviario completo su cui i rimorchi vengono appoggiati per il trasporto, mentre nel nostro caso il carro è costituito dal rimorchio stesso che viene a poggiare su carrelli ferroviari opportunamente predisposti con il dispositivo in parola. Inoltre, eliminando l'ingombro delle ruote stradali e del te-30 laio del carro ferroviario, con la soluzione in oggetto si può abbassare la quota del piano di carico del veicolo, guadagnando notevolmente in altezza riuscendo in questo modo a sfruttare l'intera sagoma limite stradale del semirimorchio ed in modo più razionale dal momento che vengono eliminate le spigolature 35 degli angoli superiori. L'invenzione infatti prevede, applicato su di un usuale carrello ferroviario, un dispositivo di aggancio snodato con giunto ammortizzante, per carri o semirimorchi d'autotreni a trasporto bimodale, caratterizzato dal fatto di prevedere un corpo scatolare, atto ad appoggiarsi su una ralla 40 inferiore del carrello ferroviario, comprendente un elemento centrale provvisto di foratura verticale in cui è allogato un perno; prevedendo detto elemento centrale sedi laterali in cui può scorrere un braccio di sostegno costituito da Iati orizzontali a «C» collegati ad un corpo comprendente sia un dispositivo cen-45 trale di ammortizzamento, che una estremità provvista di appendici con forature traverse intercettate da mezzi di fermo; detto corpo scatolare e detto braccio di sostegno potendo effettuare spostamenti angolari indipendenti su piano orizzontale attorno a detto perno, mentre le oscillazioni angolari su piano so verticale essendo consentite da perni ad asse orizzontale, disposti lateralmente a detto corpo scatolare. To better specify the difference between a train formed with the device object of the innovation and that of the "Poche" wagon, or similar, it can be said that for the latter a complete railway wagon is needed on which the trailers are placed for transportation, while in our case the wagon is made up of the trailer itself which rests on railway carriages suitably prepared with the device in question. Furthermore, by eliminating the dimensions of the road wheels and the frame of the railway wagon, with the solution in question it is possible to lower the height of the vehicle's loading surface, gaining considerably in height thus being able to exploit the entire shape road limit of the semitrailer and in a more rational way since the edges 35 of the upper corners are eliminated. The invention in fact provides, applied on a usual railway carriage, an articulated coupling device with shock-absorbing joint, for wagons or semi-trailers of two-mode transport trucks, characterized in that it has a box-shaped body, suitable for resting on a fifth wheel 40 lower part of the railway carriage, comprising a central element provided with vertical drilling in which a pin is placed; providing said central element with lateral seats in which a support arm consisting of horizontal C-shaped sides connected to a body comprising both a central damping device and an end provided with appendices with transverse holes intercepted by means of retainer; said box-like body and said support arm being able to effect independent angular movements on a horizontal plane around said pin, while the angular oscillations on a vertical plane being allowed by pins with a horizontal axis, arranged laterally to said box-like body.
L'invenzione sarà meglio compresa dalla descrizione che segue, data a titolo esemplificativo e non limitativo, nonché dalle annesse tavole di disegno in cui: The invention will be better understood from the following description, given as a non-limiting example, as well as from the attached drawing tables in which:
55 la figura 1 mostra una vista schematica delle manovre per il cambio di esercizio stradale-ferroviario; 55 figure 1 shows a schematic view of the maneuvers for the change of road-railway operation;
la figura 2 mostra una vista schematica e prospettica del braccio di sostegno applicato all'elemento centrale; figure 2 shows a schematic and perspective view of the support arm applied to the central element;
la figura 3 mostra una vista schematica laterale del dispositi-60 vo di aggancio o giunto dinamico nel suo complesso; Figure 3 shows a schematic side view of the dynamic coupling or coupling device as a whole;
la figura 4 mostra una vista schematica in pianta; figure 4 shows a schematic plan view;
la figura 5 illustra una vista schematica in frontale della traversa posteriore del carro o semirimorchio; Figure 5 is a schematic front view of the rear cross member of the wagon or semi-trailer;
la figura 6 ne mostra una vista in pianta; figure 6 shows a plan view thereof;
65 la figura 7 illustra una vista schematica frontale della traversa anteriore del carro; 65 Figure 7 shows a schematic front view of the front cross member of the carriage;
la figura 8 ne illustra una vista in pianta. Figure 8 shows a plan view of it.
Con riferimento alle figure allegate, con 1 si indica un usua With reference to the attached figures, 1 indicates a usua
3 3
673 442 673 442
le carrello ferroviario provvisto di ralla 2 centrale. Sulla ralla centrale 2, va a poggiarsi una controralla 3 con foratura centrale 4. La controralla 3 è unita in 5 ad un corpo scatolare 6, o giunto snodato, aperto anteriormente, facente parte del giunto dinamico complessivamente indicato con 7. the railway carriage equipped with a central fifth wheel 2. A counter-washer 3 with central drilling 4 rests on the central washer 2. The counter-washer 3 is joined in 5 to a box-shaped body 6, or articulated joint, open at the front, forming part of the dynamic joint indicated as a whole with 7.
Detto corpo 6 presenta sedi superiore ed inferiore 8 e 8' in cui sono inserite rispettivamente bronzine 9 e 9' atte a comprendere queste ultime sia un perno verticale 10 che le attraversa, che un elemento centrale 11. L'elemento 11, forato centralmente per il passaggio del perno 10, prevede sedi laterali 12 e arresti superiori 13 avvitati all'elemento stesso. In dette sedi 12 è trattenuto verticalmente, ma con possibilità di scorrimento orizzontale, un braccio 14 in entrata dalla apertura 6' del corpo scatolare 6. Il braccio 14 comprende un corpo 15 ed un gruppo elastico 16 di ammortizzamento. Il gruppo 16, con funzione di trazione e repulsione, è costituito da un albero orizzontale 17, fissato in 18 all'elemento 11, collaborante con ammortizzatori con elementi in gomma 19 o similari, atti a permettere un movimento orizzontale ammortizzato al braccio stesso facendolo avanzare o retrarre per un certo tratto rispetto all'elemento centrale 11, durante le fasi di frenata o di accelerazione del convoglio ferroviario. Said body 6 has upper and lower seats 8 and 8 'into which bronze 9 and 9' respectively are inserted, suitable for comprising both a vertical pin 10 which passes through them, and a central element 11. The element 11, centrally drilled for the passage of the pin 10 has lateral seats 12 and upper stops 13 screwed to the element itself. In said seats 12 is held vertically, but with the possibility of horizontal sliding, an arm 14 entering from the opening 6 'of the box-like body 6. The arm 14 comprises a body 15 and an elastic cushioning group 16. The group 16, with traction and repulsion function, consists of a horizontal shaft 17, fixed in 18 to the element 11, collaborating with shock absorbers with rubber elements 19 or similar, designed to allow a horizontal movement cushioned by the arm itself, making it move forward o retracting for a certain distance with respect to the central element 11, during the braking or acceleration phases of the railway train.
Dal gruppo 16 si prolungano appendici o forcelle 20 provviste di forature 21 trasversali, in cui possono essere inseriti pernotti 22, smussati alle estremità, facenti parte della struttura anteriore indicata nelle figure 7 e 8, del carro o semirimorchio. L'inserimento dei pernotti 22, nelle sedi delle forcelle 20, avviene per mezzo di volantini 23, agenti sui perni stessi. From the group 16, extensions or forks 20 are provided with transverse holes 21, into which overnight stays 22, chamfered at the ends, forming part of the front structure indicated in figures 7 and 8, of the wagon or semitrailer can be inserted. The insertion of the pins 22, in the seats of the forks 20, takes place by means of handwheels 23, acting on the pins themselves.
È evidente che il carro o semirimorchio presenta una intelaiatura tale da consentire l'utilizzo come mezzo ferroviario e stradale, e prevede sedi anteriori e posteriori (vedi figure 5, 6, 7 e 8) per l'inserimento delle parti di aggancio del giunto 7. It is evident that the wagon or semi-trailer has a frame that allows it to be used as a rail and road vehicle, and has front and rear seats (see figures 5, 6, 7 and 8) for inserting the coupling parts of the joint 7 .
Il corpo scatolare 6 presenta lateralmente una coppia di pernotti 24 (vedi figura 4) ad asse orizzontale ed ortogonale rispetto a quella del braccio 14.1 pernotti 24 consentono l'inserimento della traversa posteriore particolarmente conformata. Detta traversa, infatti (vedi figure 5 e 6), presenta una sede 25 cava comprendente opportuni guidagiunto 26 con invito inferiore 27 autocentrante. In questo modo, il semirimorchio 28 viene inserito sui pernotti 24, potendo così compiere oscillazioni angolari sia su piano verticale, per mezzo degli elementi 24 stessi, che su piano orizzontale per il fatto che i pernotti 24 fanno parte del corpo scatolare snodato 6 che viene, cóme detto, incernierato verticalmente sulle bronzine 9 del perno 10. The box-like body 6 has a pair of pins 24 on the side (see Figure 4) with a horizontal axis and orthogonal to that of the arm 14.1 pins 24 allow the insertion of the particularly shaped rear crosspiece. Said crosspiece, in fact (see figures 5 and 6), has a hollow seat 25 comprising suitable coupling guides 26 with a self-centering lower guide 27. In this way, the semi-trailer 28 is inserted on the pins 24, thus being able to perform angular oscillations both on a vertical plane, by means of the elements 24 themselves, and on a horizontal plane due to the fact that the pins 24 are part of the articulated box-shaped body 6 which is , as said, hinged vertically on the bushings 9 of the pin 10.
Anche il braccio 14 può compiere spostamenti angolari su piano orizzontale; infatti il corpo centrale 11, oltre a permettere 5 lo scorrimento del braccio nelle sedi 12, può ruotare esso stesso sempre sul perno 10, consentendo Io snodo completo del giunto. The arm 14 can also carry out angular movements on a horizontal plane; in fact the central body 11, in addition to allowing the arm to slide in the seats 12, can rotate itself always on the pin 10, allowing the complete joint of the joint.
Descriveremo ora brevemente un esempio di aggancio del semirimorchio al giunto del carrello ferroviario. We will now briefly describe an example of hooking the semi-trailer to the coupling of the railway trolley.
io Come visibile in figura 1, il semirimorchio all'inizio dell'operazione viene sollevato da un comune muletto o sollevatore similare, in modo che il rodiggio stradale, una volta allentato dal telaio, possa staccarsi dallo stesso e restare sul luogo per essere impiegato sotto altri telai nell'operazione inversa. i5 II semirimorchio viene così trasportato sui binari ferriviari dove è già presente una vettura di coda 29 (vedi figura 1) nella cui parte posteriore è predisposto un carrello 2 già corredato di giunto snodato, oggetto dell'invenzione. Appunto sui pernotti 24 vanno ad inserirsi, autocentrandosi, i guidagiunto 26 facenti 20 parte della traversa posteriore del semirimorchio. io As visible in figure 1, at the beginning of the operation the semi-trailer is lifted by a common forklift or similar lift, so that the road running gear, once loosened from the chassis, can detach from it and remain on the site to be used under other frames in the reverse operation. i5 The semitrailer is thus transported on the railway tracks where there is already a rear vehicle 29 (see figure 1) in the rear part of which a trolley 2 is already prepared, already equipped with an articulated joint, object of the invention. It is precisely on the overnight stays 24 that the guide guides 26 forming part of the rear crossmember of the semi-trailer are inserted, self-centering.
A questo punto è sufficiente convogliare sui binari un ulteriore carrello, per cui le appendici o forcelle 20, facenti parte del braccio 14, vanno esattamente ad inserirsi nelle sedi della traversa anteriore del semirimorchio, per essere bloccate dai perni 22 25 della traversa stessa, tramite l'azionamento dei volatini 23. At this point it is sufficient to convey an additional trolley onto the rails, so that the appendices or forks 20, part of the arm 14, go exactly into the seats of the front cross member of the semi-trailer, to be blocked by the pins 22 25 of the same cross member, by means of the actuation of the leaflets 23.
Da quanto sopradescritto, si può considerare che anche se il semirimorchio è un pò più complesso di uno normale, data la presenza del carrello stradale staccabile, degli attacchi per il giunto snodato e per la struttura alquanto più robusta, è altret-30 tanto vero che di carrelli stradali ne occorrerà un numero limitato rispetto ai telai: si può considerare che, con una buona gestione del traffico, potrà bastarne meno della metà. From what has been described above, it can be considered that even if the semi-trailer is a little more complex than a normal one, given the presence of the detachable road trolley, the connections for the articulated joint and for the somewhat more robust structure, it is equally true that road trucks will need a limited number compared to chassis: it can be considered that, with good traffic management, less than half of them will be sufficient.
Inoltre, potendo usare carrelli con diametro delle ruote di 920 mm, si può viaggiare in regime SS e con carico per asse di 35 20 tonnellate. Furthermore, being able to use trolleys with wheel diameters of 920 mm, you can travel in the SS regime and with axle load of 35 20 tons.
Pertanto con due assali solamente per veicolo, si può trasportare un carico lordo di 34 tonnellate (al netto dei carrelli ferroviari) che, sommati al peso del carrello stradale, arrivano alle 37 tonnellate che è il massimo trasportabile su strada. 40 Le operazioni di aggancio delle vetture successive avvengono secondo le stesse modalità descritte, fino al completo allestimento del convoglio. Therefore with two axles per vehicle only, a gross load of 34 tons (net of railway bogies) can be transported which, added to the weight of the road truck, reach 37 tons which is the maximum transportable on the road. 40 The docking operations of the subsequent cars take place in the same way as described, until the train is completely set up.
v v
3 fogli disegni 3 drawings sheets
Claims (8)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
IT6323387U IT211419Z2 (en) | 1987-03-10 | 1987-03-10 | HOOKING DEVICE APPLICABLE ON RAILWAY TROLLEYS, FOR COUPLING BETWEEN BIMODAL TRANSPORT CARS APPROPRIATELY PREPARED. |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CH673442A5 true CH673442A5 (en) | 1990-03-15 |
Family
ID=11294005
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CH63988A CH673442A5 (en) | 1987-03-10 | 1988-02-19 | Bimodal transport wagon coupling device |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
BE (1) | BE1001491A3 (en) |
CH (1) | CH673442A5 (en) |
DE (1) | DE3806260A1 (en) |
FR (1) | FR2612145A1 (en) |
GB (1) | GB2201928B (en) |
IT (1) | IT211419Z2 (en) |
NL (1) | NL8800476A (en) |
Families Citing this family (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4962861A (en) * | 1988-04-04 | 1990-10-16 | A. Stucki Company | Articulated connector |
NL8901499A (en) * | 1989-06-13 | 1991-01-02 | Alpha Engineering Ingenieurs E | RAILWAY SYSTEM AND BRUSH, FINISH, VEHICLE FRAME, CARRIAGE AND TRAILER FOR THAT. |
AT403708B (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1998-05-25 | Plasser Bahnbaumasch Franz | TRACK CONSTRUCTION MACHINE |
ATE410351T1 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2008-10-15 | Voith Turbo Scharfenberg Gmbh | JOINT ARRANGEMENT FOR ARTICULATELY CONNECTING TWO ADJACENT WAGON BODIES |
CL2007003736A1 (en) | 2006-12-20 | 2008-05-16 | Railrunner Na Inc | BIMODAL FRAME FOR TRANSPORTATION CONTAINER, WHICH INCLUDES A MAIN FRAME WITH A FIRST AND SECOND END AND SUPERIOR AND LOWER EDGES; SET OF ROLLING ELEMENTS CONNECTED TO THE FRAMEWORK AND MOBILE THROUGH THE LOWER EDGE IN A FIRST AND S |
DE202012103206U1 (en) * | 2012-08-24 | 2012-09-13 | Voith Patent Gmbh | Bearing for articulating a coupling rod to a car body of a track-guided vehicle |
DE102021131766A1 (en) | 2021-12-02 | 2023-06-07 | Bombardier Transportation Gmbh | PROCEDURE FOR RECONFIGURING A RAIL CONVEYOR AND RAIL CONVEYOR WITH TWO SEPARABLE CONVEYOR SECTIONS |
Family Cites Families (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2826155A (en) * | 1955-06-14 | 1958-03-11 | Ohio Brass Co | Coupler for articulated vehicles |
FR2398651A1 (en) * | 1977-07-25 | 1979-02-23 | Venissieux Atel | Coupling arrangement for articulated vehicles - has pivot of spherical type with end play and friction surfaces in fork and tenon sections |
FR2446732A1 (en) * | 1979-01-16 | 1980-08-14 | Venissieux Atel | Central coupling for railway vehicle - has two non detachable parts with traction and compression stops allowing slight relative movement |
US4669391A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1987-06-02 | Railmaster System, Inc. | Train of highway trailers |
NO159523C (en) * | 1983-11-23 | 1989-01-11 | Trailer Train Ltd | TRANSPORT SYSTEM INCLUDING SEMITRAILERS AND SKIN BOOKS, AND SKINNET TRAINING INCLUDING MULTIPLE SEMITRAILERS. |
CA1337027C (en) * | 1984-12-04 | 1995-09-19 | Harry O. Wicks | Railway highway vehicle |
US4841872A (en) * | 1985-06-03 | 1989-06-27 | Railmaster System, Inc. | Railway train of highway vehicles, and components therefor |
-
1987
- 1987-03-10 IT IT6323387U patent/IT211419Z2/en active
-
1988
- 1988-02-19 CH CH63988A patent/CH673442A5/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-02-22 GB GB8804061A patent/GB2201928B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1988-02-25 NL NL8800476A patent/NL8800476A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1988-02-27 DE DE19883806260 patent/DE3806260A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1988-03-10 BE BE8800272A patent/BE1001491A3/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1988-03-10 FR FR8803101A patent/FR2612145A1/en not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
GB2201928B (en) | 1991-02-13 |
FR2612145A1 (en) | 1988-09-16 |
GB8804061D0 (en) | 1988-03-23 |
IT211419Z2 (en) | 1989-03-06 |
DE3806260A1 (en) | 1988-09-22 |
NL8800476A (en) | 1988-10-03 |
IT8763233V0 (en) | 1987-03-10 |
GB2201928A (en) | 1988-09-14 |
BE1001491A3 (en) | 1989-11-14 |
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