CH660765A5 - METHOD FOR THE INSTALLATION OF MINERAL FIBER MATERIAL IN REEL SHAPE BETWEEN SUPPORTS AND ROOF SAVING, AND THE MINERAL FIBER TRAIN SUITABLE FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD. - Google Patents

Abstract

Markings have to be applied to the surface (41) of a mineral fibre web (38), said markings being arranged transversely to its length or to its direction of movement. For this, a cylinder (1) is provided with peripheral heating zones, in the form of heating rods (26), corresponding in shape and position to the markings to be applied, said cylinder (1) rotating at a speed whereby the rods (26), or marking ribs (30) provided on the latter, effect the rolling essentially without any slippage on the surface (41) of the mineral fibre web (38). The heating rods (26) or marking strips (30) are made of metal and are electrically heated, by an internal tubular heating element (31), to such a temperature that when contact is made with the surface (41) of the mineral fibre web (38) a flat decomposition zone (43) is created which corresponds to the contour of the marking strips (30), in which zone the binder of the mineral fibre web (38) is decomposed and by changing colour produces the optically visible marking line. The cylinder (1) can be driven either by a d.c. motor synchronously with the line speed of the mineral fibre web (38), or it can also be driven by entrainment with the surface (41) of the mineral fibre web (38).

Description

The invention relates to a method for installing existing mineral fiber material in a roll form, containing a binder, in an elongated installation space delimited by side supports, in particular in a field between two rafters, and to a mineral fiber web suitable for carrying out the method according to Preamble of claim 4.

Particularly when it comes to the insulation between rafters and mineral fiber material, there is a major difficulty in the fact that the mineral fiber material, which is prefabricated in the form of sheets or plates, has to be produced and made available with certain width dimensions, but the spacing of the rafters at least from construction site to construction site, frequently and particularly with Old buildings can also vary from rafter field to rafter field and even within a rafter field. The mineral fiber material must be installed with a predetermined pressure between the rafters, which is large enough on the one hand to avoid any gaps at the edges to prevent cold spots and convection and to achieve a holding effect, but on the other hand it must not be so large that bulges of the material occur; these could unintentionally close the rear ventilation gap and prevent the desired formation of a flat inner surface of the insulation. Depending on the compressibility of the mineral fiber material, the excess during installation should therefore be kept in the range between one and five centimeters.

The insulation sheets or panels can generally only be manufactured and delivered in certain nominal widths of 500, 600, 700, 800 and 1000 mm, for example. However, the width between the supports, such as rafters, shows intermediate values. For example, with a rafter spacing of 600 mm, a sheet or plate with a nominal width of 600 mm would no longer have sufficient excess and would therefore have to be used for the nominal width of 700 mm. However, this nominal width would in turn result in an oversize of 100 mm, i.e. twice the oversize that is just still permissible under favorable conditions.

Therefore, cutting work or similar adaptation measures on the construction site are essential if there is not a much finer scaling of the nominal width, which would, however, lead to a very considerable increase in the cost of production and, in particular, of stockpiling. Such adaptation measures are labor-intensive and inevitably lead to waste.

There has therefore been no lack of attempts in the past to facilitate such adjustments to the respective rafter widths and / or to minimize the resulting waste.

It is known from DE-GM 78 30 852, for example, to provide plate-shaped insulation elements for insulation between rafters on their outer longitudinal sides with rib-forming incisions, on the one hand to produce predetermined breaking lines for a rapidly defined reduction in the width of the plate and on the other hand the compressibility of the Increase the insulation board locally in the edge area so that the boards can be pressed firmly between the rafters, avoiding cold bridges. The disadvantage here is that the large number of relatively wide, groove-shaped incisions inevitably reduces the thermal insulation capacity of the insulation layer in these edge areas, which becomes more noticeable the less the lateral insulation ribs have to be broken away for the respective installation case; In the event that the insulation layer is of a suitable width, all groove-shaped cuts are retained and the thermal insulation capacity in the edge areas of the insulation layer is correspondingly reduced. Furthermore, the insulation ribs between the incisions, since they are only connected to one another by a thin web of thermal insulation material in the base of the incisions, can also be accidentally damaged or even broken off or torn off. Finally, the groove-shaped incisions obviously have to be made in the insulation material layer by means of appropriate sawing and milling tools, that is to say by waste-intensive processing, which leads to relatively high material losses even during processing. Further material losses occur on the construction site due to the fact that the broken or torn edge strips cannot generally be used sensibly.

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To avoid these disadvantages, it is known from DE-OS 31 18 597 to produce the lateral edge areas with edge strips of the insulating material layer which have already been completely separated from the central area during the course of manufacture and which are fixed to a lamination by the adhesive then continued in the edge area. In order to avoid gaping of the side, cut off edge strips, the cuts are completely closed again in the course of the production of the insulating material sheet before lamination, so that a holding effect on the cut edges by clipping and clawing and possibly also by the consistency of the binder in the insulating material layer When the cut is closed. By appropriately angling the lamination on the desired cut, however, a gap can be selectively generated at any time by hand and the angled edge strip can be pulled off the lamination while overcoming the holding force of the adhesive connection. In this way it is achieved that, due to the mutual abutment of the cut surfaces, there are no differences in appearance or in the thermal insulation capacity of such an insulation sheet compared to an insulation sheet without any cuts, since the cuts are largely invisible and do not functionally appear. However, if improperly handled, the cut can occur at locations where separation should not take place. However, such a gaping cut makes proper installation difficult. If several incisions are made in each edge area of the insulation layer in order to limit the excess and thus the edge compression as well as possible to the desired value, the width of the edge strips between the individual incisions is relatively small. The relatively low edge compression during proper installation can also cause the adjacent incisions to tend to gap and inadvertently deform the remaining side edge strips.

Finally, when the edge strip to be removed is removed from the glued-on lamination if improperly handled, there is a risk of damage to the lamination and thus an impairment of the vapor barrier achieved by the lamination. In particular, in the case of unfavorable installation conditions, there are still high material losses since any excess width of the insulation layer must always be removed.

An insulating material web is known from DE-OS 32 29 601, which enables proper installation even by inexperienced forces and nevertheless considerably facilitates adaptation to the respective rafter width. Since this insulation sheet does not have any functional disadvantages either in terms of installation or in effect compared to an inherently suitable insulation sheet, it was the only one of the described proposals that was able to prevail in practice to a large extent. The adaptation is made easier by the fact that in the lateral edge areas of the insulation layer there are only optically effective, color-contrasting marking lines that actually weaken the insulation layer, which define modular edge strips that can be cut off in the course of adaptation to the respective rafter width. The user therefore only needs to select the marking lines at which a cut should be made, then insert a cutting aid between the insulation layer and the lamination and can then immediately cut the specified marking line in one go without any additional aids such as rulers or the like only has to make sure that he follows the course of the marking line with the knife. However, it is still disadvantageous here that cutting to the desired rafter width inevitably results in the same amount of waste as in the previously described proposals.

To avoid waste, it is also known from DE-OS 32 03 624, for example, to depart from a rectangular plate or web shape and instead to use wedge-shaped insulating material plates designed, for example, in the manner of a triangle. These wedge-shaped plates are to be made available with undersize and individually inserted without jamming between the rafters and wedged there with the aid of a second plate inserted in reverse so that the desired pressing results. Such wedging of panels in the rafters field already encounters practical difficulties in the case of mineral fiber material because the spreading wedge effect that can be achieved with such a pair of panels requires the panels to slide on the adjoining inclined surfaces, which, however, has the consistency of mineral wool at most to a very limited extent allows. Furthermore, if the catheter of the triangular plate perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the rafters field does not coincidentally correspond to the rafter spacing, the further difficulty arises that a laterally protruding tip of an insulation wedge on the rafters and an upwardly protruding tip on the following base area of a plate must be squeezed . This leads to local material accumulations, which disrupt the mutual contact of the plate elements and inevitably lead to gaps between adjacent plate edges, which in turn result in cold bridges and convection.

Such a wasteless laying of such triangular panels is therefore not possible in practice. As illustrated in a brochure entitled "Rocky Isolation Program" from Deutsche Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH in 4390 Gladbeck, the only practical way of installing such wedge-shaped plates made of mineral fiber material is to provide the plate with a large width, which in any case means the rafter spacing and then cut off the corner of each plate which protrudes too far, so that a trapezoidal shape results with a width which corresponds to the rafter spacing plus the excess for achieving the pressure. This plate can then be individually inserted between the rafters and pressed in there, and also an adjacent, already inserted plate can be pushed in and placed there.

However, this does not reduce the workload for adapting to the rafter width, but rather increases it compared to the previously described proposals; because the previously measured rafter spacing has to be entered on each individual plate and then a corresponding cut has to be carried out, while this effort is only required once per rafter field with longer mineral fiber webs. In order to reduce this effort somewhat, it is therefore proposed according to the brochure mentioned to place two wedge-shaped plates in pairs in the later installation position in such a way that the width of the approximately rectangular assembly unit formed from both plates need only be adjusted once by mutual displacement, and then the protruding corners of both triangular plates can be cut off in one go. With, for example, ten triangular plates laid in a rafters field, this still results in quite a considerable amount of work in the form of five dimensional settings and ten cuts, even if the work is easier in the case of installation by just one person because the small plates are lighter than long Tracks can be manipulated by a single person. Furthermore, additional effort for cutting end plates according to the respective falls

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Length of the rafters and the formation of its end areas.

So if the workload due to the cutting and manipulation of a relatively large number of relatively small plates is higher, the cutting losses are nevertheless reduced compared to simply cutting off a lateral protrusion over the entire length of the rafter field. However, minimizing the cutting losses also requires wedges with different widths to be made available, since the cutting losses will of course increase again significantly if a triangular plate designed for maximum rafter spacing has to be cut so strongly that it is minimal Rafter spacing fits. Therefore, the cutting losses that are unavoidable even with such a method can actually only be kept significantly smaller if a plurality of nominal widths are made available unchanged.

In addition to the relatively labor-intensive installation and the very considerable waste in the production in only one nominal width, another major disadvantage of this process is that the wedge-shaped mineral fiber boards have to be packed and delivered in plate stacks and cannot be rolled. In contrast, mineral fiber webs stored and delivered in roll form have the advantage of a considerably reduced transport and storage space, since the mineral fiber material in the roll is highly compressed and, due to the pressure in the roll form, it can also be compressed without local, irreversible squeezing. In the case of such bulk products of low bulk density, a reduction in the transport and storage volume, for example by half, also has very noticeable cost advantages with regard to the corresponding savings in packaging material.

It is therefore desirable to find a procedure in which the mineral fiber material can be packaged and delivered in roll form.

Based on the procedure according to DE-OS 32 29 601, in which the mineral fiber material is provided in roll form, the object of the invention is therefore to create a method for the installation of mineral fiber material, for example in a rafter field, in which accumulation occurs during installation Waste is minimized or completely avoided, and the production and storage of mineral fiber material in different nominal widths can be completely dispensed with without increasing the workload for the installation.

Such a "transverse installation" of length sections cut from the roll can completely avoid cutting losses, since the width of the web, which can be maximized from the production point of view, lies in the longitudinal direction of the rafter field and the width of each rafter field is taken into account directly by the single separating cut with which a length section is cut off from the mineral fiber web to form an installable mineral fiber board. If the roll is made available with a width of 1200 mm, for example, a few straight cuts are sufficient to produce a required number of mineral fiber plates which fill the rafter field and have exactly the desired width for a clean fit between the rafters. With a corresponding adjustment of the oversize provided for the cut to the compressibility of the mineral fiber material, a simple pushing in of each plate press between the rafters is sufficient to store the plate there without further holding means, whereby a gap to the neighboring plate can be pushed in with a simple handle. The end plate in the ridge area can

Excess lengths are cut off, and the cut end is installed in another rafter field of corresponding width, so that there is no need for waste in the end region of the rafter field either.

In comparison to the procedure according to the brochure mentioned, despite the delivery of the mineral fiber material in only a single nominal width, there is usually a further substantial reduction in the amount of waste to zero. Furthermore, you can work with material from the roll in a cost-effective manner and the workload for installation is considerably reduced due to the considerably larger plate areas, although each plate can still be manipulated by an individual without difficulty and, despite its size, sits to a certain extent between the rafters . Furthermore, the number of separating joints between the panels, which are not desirable as a possible weak point in principle from the principle of filling the entire rafter field as seamlessly as possible, is significantly reduced, since only a few transverse joints occur per rafter field, which due to their flatness run across the rafter field Pressing the plates can be closed reliably.

As a result of the large width of the insulation material rolls available with a length of five meters and more and the avoidance of any waste, an average of about two rafter fields can be insulated with one roll. For this reason, the fact that the last remaining length section, which results in a panel width that is too small, would generally only have to be used for a different installation after appropriate cutting, so that waste would be incurred to a small extent here. By the measure of claim 2, however, any waste is also avoided at the end of the roll, since the missing width of a remaining length section at the end of a roll can be completed by a corresponding narrow starting section of the following roll, and thus a two-part plate with the desired dimensions from these two length sections can be formed without any waste. The only special feature of a conventional panel is a vertical joint in the rafter field, which occurs, for example, in every second or third rafter field.

Since a lamination of the mineral fiber web would have to be cut during the production of the individual panels and then the transverse joints between the lamination in the rafter field and the edges of the lamination on the rafters would have to be closed, it is preferable according to claim 3 to use non-laminated mineral fiber material and, for example, if a vapor barrier is required to cover the individual mineral fiber plates and, if applicable, also the rafters fields, to cover them flatly after the installation of the mineral fiber plates, as is known per se. This reduces the effort required to close a few long joints between individual sheets, and the joints are also more accessible.

A mineral fiber web particularly suitable for carrying out the method is specified in claim 4. Similar to the state of the art according to DE-OS 32 29 601, from which this claim is based in the preamble, marking lines serving as cutting aids are used which are contrasting in color and are only optically effective and do not actually weaken the mineral fiber material. Thus, the marking lines have no influence on the manageability and effectiveness of the mineral fiber material. In contrast to the teaching of DE-OS 32 29 601, the marking lines are, however, applied transversely to the longitudinal extension of the mineral fiber web. In this way, they are parallel to that provided by the method according to the invention

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Cutting direction.

The marking lines can have the same distance from one another, for example 100 mm. Setting different distances, which can be useful in the case of DE-OS 32 29 601, does not bring any advantages here, since the position of the cut is completely indefinite during manufacture. A group of parallel lines with the same, relatively small distance enables a cutting direction to be maintained even without a ruler based on a sense of the eye, so that once the interface has been defined, the cut can be made parallel to the nearest line with a free hand without any further preparation measures.

While the desired wedging effect according to DE-OS 32 03 624 is less achievable the lighter the mineral fiber material used, there is no such restriction in the context of the invention to relatively heavy, dense material. This further contributes to material savings. A bulk density between 10 and 30 kg / m3, in particular between 14 and 25 kg / m3, is preferred,

the lower range of bulk density is particularly suitable for mineral fiber material of thermal conductivity group 040 and the upper range for material of thermal conductivity group 035.

While the bulk densities mentioned essentially correspond to the bulk densities of the mineral fiber web of DE-OS 32 29 601, the binder content according to claim 7 can be between about 6 and 7% by weight of the dry binder in the product, the lower binder contents being within the specified range for material the thermal conductivity group 035 and the higher ones for the thermal conductivity group 040 apply. The slightly higher binder content results in a somewhat greater stiffness and thus a better holding effect when pressing an insulation board between the rafters. This does not affect the winding ability.

Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing.

It shows:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a roll of mineral fiber material with rolled end section and

FIG. 2 shows an illustration of the installation of the mineral fiber plates between rafters produced by separating longitudinal sections from the mineral fiber webs.

The mineral fiber web 1 illustrated in FIG. 1,

the front end section 2 of which is shown rolled out, may in the example be an unclad web with a width of 1200 mm, a nominal thickness of 100 mm and a length of 6 m. With a bulk density of, for example, 18 kg / m3 and a binder content of phenolic resin of 6.6% by weight (dry), this results in a material from the thermal conductivity group 040.

It should be pointed out that the position of the mineral fiber web 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 with the front end section 2 only partially rolled out does not occur in practice without the application of corresponding holding forces, since the internal tension in the roll of the roll denoted by 3 is so great that when it is removed the wrapping opens up the entire winding and the mineral fiber web 1 is completely in the stretched state, as illustrated in the drawing for the front end section 2. This is not only because of the compression of the material in the winding, for example in a ratio of 1: 2.5, but also because of the resilience of the mineral fiber material itself. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the mineral fiber material springs up to its nominal thickness when it is rolled out. In the production of the mineral fiber web 1 in the production line, an excess thickness of about 10 mm is used. After compression of this material in the roll over a longer period of time, it then springs to its nominal thickness of e.g. 100 mm.

Marking lines 5 are applied to the surface 4 of the mineral fiber web lying inside the winding, which run perpendicular to the lateral edges 6 of the mineral fiber web 1 and parallel to the front edge 7 of the mineral fiber web 1. In the example, the marking lines 5 may be applied at equal intervals, the distance d between two adjacent marking lines being 100 mm. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the marking lines 5 need not be designed as a continuous line, but can also be broken lines. It is essential, however, that the marking lines 5 are not formed by incisions or the like, but are only optically effective and do not noticeably influence the handling and effectiveness of the material of the mineral fiber web 1.

In order to fill a rafter field with the width D shown in FIG. 2 of, for example, 700 mm, a length section L with a length of 710 mm starting from the front edge 7 of FIG. 10 is taken along the marking lines 5, taking into account the excess U of, for example, 10 mm required for the pressing Mineral fiber web 1 measured and cut at 7 '. For this purpose, a knife 8 is attached to the measured cutting line in the manner indicated in FIG. 1 and drawn through the material in the direction of arrow 9 parallel to the adjacent marking line 5.

In this way, an insulation board 10 is formed, as can be seen from FIG. 1. The insulation board 10 is rotated such that the previously lateral edges 6 of the mineral fiber web 1 come to lie at the top and bottom, and therefore the length section L determines the width of the mineral fiber board 10. In this position, the mineral fiber plate 10 is inserted into one of the rafters designated by 11 between two adjacent rafters 12. The oversize Ü of the length section L compared to the width D of the rafters field 11 at the installation point of 10 mm or a little more in the example results in the desired pressure of the mineral fiber plate 10. After insertion between the rafters 12, the mineral fiber plate 10 thus holds by clamping action.

The rafters 11 in the drawing, which are already fitted with mineral fiber plates 10, make it clear that only a few, in the example three mineral fiber plates 10 are required per rafters 11 in order to completely insulate it. In each case, the lowest mineral fiber board 10 is first inserted between the adjacent rafters 12 and - if necessary after previously slightly cutting the lower edge of the mineral fiber board 10 in accordance with the design of the lower end of the rafter field 11 - pushed down and pushed. Then the next mineral fiber board 10 is placed over the already installed mineral fiber board 10, pressed between the rafters 12 and pushed down into tight contact with the already installed mineral fiber board 10 and pressed on. In this way, the complete insulation for a rafter field 11 is created in a few simple steps. The cross-joint indicated by dash-dotted lines and designated by 13 between adjacent mineral fiber boards 10 is practically invisible to the eye from a distance. If the mineral fiber boards 10, as illustrated, are installed with the marking lines 5 on the inside, it can only be seen that an offset of the marking lines 5 occurs at this point. If necessary, however, can of course be installed on the mineral fiber boards 10 with the marking lines 5 in the direction of the roof outside.

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As can be seen from FIG. 2, the upper insulating material panels 10 have a lower height towards the ridge in the installed position than the mineral fiber panels 10 underneath, in the example case half the height. For this purpose, the length section L, from which the upper mineral fiber plates 10 are formed, has been cut through again in the middle parallel to the lateral edges 6, so that the cut parts of a single mineral fiber plate 10 have been sufficient to reach two rafters 11 up to the ridge to be filled in without any waste. Of course, the part that is no longer required in the first rafter field 11 could also be applied in the second rafter field 11 in the floor area and the insulation could be further built up from there, and it is clearly evident that such a division of a mineral fiber plate 10 for the termination in the ridge area is also problem-free is possible if only a small or a very large piece of a solid panel is required for the remaining insulation in the ridge area. All that is required is that a further rafters panel 11 of the same width is available somewhere, with the use of the remaining part of the cut mineral fiber insulation board 10 for a rafters panel 11 with a different width being possible while accepting a slight waste.

Similarly, at the end of the mineral fiber web 1 after the last cut there will remain a length section 10a, the length of which is less than the width D of a saving field 11 to be insulated. Here, a complementary length section 10b can be cut off from the following roll and with the remaining section of the previous roll to be assembled into an assembly unit 10 ', which in turn has the desired dimensions of a mineral fiber plate 10 and can be installed in the same way as a one-piece mineral fiber plate 10. The resulting longitudinal gap 18 is closed cleanly by the pressure between the rafters 12.

After all the rafters 11 have been filled with mineral fiber panels 10, a vapor barrier made of polyethylene film can be applied over the entire surface, whereby the individual webs, for example running across the rafters 11 and attached to the inner surfaces 12a of the rafters 12, can be sealed with self-adhesive film in the joint area.

In this way it is possible to work practically completely waste-free, starting from a mineral fiber web 1 of a corresponding consistency, regardless of whether it is a new-io building with very regular rafter spacing or an old building with very different rafter spacing acts. The additional effort in an old building is only increased measuring work, but material losses do not occur there either. The few 15 mineral fiber panels 10 required per rafter field 11 can be generated by a few freehand cuts along the marking lines 5 and can be easily inserted by a single person between the rafters 11, where they hold by clamping action, so that the workload despite the generation 20 exactly matching mineral fiber boards 10 is extremely small even with very different rafter spacing. On the manufacturer side, the mineral fiber webs 1 can be produced with existing production systems on winding machines, only a simple additional device in the form of a roller being required to produce the marking lines 5. Since it is possible to work with a single roll width, manufacturing and warehousing are considerably easier; Likewise, before purchasing the insulation material, the buyer does not need to measure all rafter spacings in order to make a list of the required quantities of the mineral fiber material in the required web widths, but can and can acquire the required number of rolls that are identical to one another according to the total area to be insulated be sure that the roof chair of the specified area to be insulated can be insulated easily and without waste.

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Claims (7)

660 765 1.Procedure for installing mineral fiber material in the form of a roll, containing a binder, in an elongated installation space delimited by side supports, in particular in a field between two rafters, in which the web-shaped mineral fiber material is first rolled out, then according to the width of the installation space present on the installation parts cut to an oversize and then clamped between the supports, characterized in that the mineral fiber material provided only in a uniform width, regardless of the distance between the supports, is divided into lengths by cuts running transversely to the longitudinal extent of the web, the length of which corresponds to the local installation width plus excess , and that the mineral fiber plates formed by the separated longitudinal sections are introduced rotated between the supports in such a way that they have their cut edges on the supports and with their in the previous The web edges lie against each other. 2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that an end length section of the mineral fiber material of a roll no longer yielding the desired installation width is supplemented by a complementary, preferably start-side length section of a subsequently processed roll to the desired installation width and the two length sections to form a two-part mineral fiber plate assembles and are thus inserted between the supports. 2nd PATENT CLAIMS 3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that after the introduction of the unclad mineral fiber plate between the supports a covering a plurality of mineral fiber plates covering sheet is placed on the free outer surfaces of the supports and fastened there. 4. Mineral fiber web (1) which can be supplied in roll form for carrying out the method according to one of claims 1 to 3, with marking lines (5) which serve as a cutting aid and which are only optically effective in contrasting colors and do not weaken the mineral fiber material, characterized in that the marking lines ( 5) run transversely to the longitudinal extension of the mineral fiber web (1). 5. Mineral fiber web (1) according to claim 4, characterized in that the marking lines (5) have the same distance d from one another of preferably about 100 mm. 6. mineral fiber web (1) according to claim 4 or 5, characterized by a bulk density of 10 to 30 kg / m3, in particular from 14 to 25 kg / m3. 7. Mineral fiber web according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized by a binder content between 6 and 7 wt .-%.