CH659845A5 - Insulating-material web, in particular consisting of mineral-fibre felt, which can be rolled up to form a roll, and use thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

Lengths of material, the length of which corresponds to the width of the distance between roof rafters plus an overdimension for the clamping action, are cut from a mineral-fibre web supplied in roll form. The resulting mineral-fibre panels are introduced into the space between the rafters such that the lateral borders (6) of the mineral-fibre web form the upper edge and the lower edge. In this manner, a virtually completely waste-free roof insulation can be obtained, even if the distances between the roof rafters vary vastly, and work can be carried out using material which is supplied in roll form and has a uniform, large width. Owing to the large width of the mineral-fibre web, only a few mineral-fibre panels are necessary for insulating the space between roof rafters, over the entire height of said space, and the joint length produced is very restricted. In order to make it easier to guide the cut for separating off the lengths of material, marking lines (5) may be provided on one side of the mineral-fibre web. <IMAGE>

Description

The invention relates to a roll of insulation, in particular made of mineral fiber felt, and the use thereof.

Especially when it comes to the insulation between rafters with mineral fiber material, there is a major difficulty in the fact that the mineral fiber material, which is prefabricated in the form of sheets or plates, has to be manufactured and made available with certain width dimensions, but the spacing of the rafters at least from construction site to construction site, frequently and in particular at Old buildings can also vary from rafter field to rafter field and even within a rafter field. The mineral fiber material must be installed with a predetermined pressure between the rafters, which is large enough on the one hand to avoid any gaps at the edges to prevent cold spots and convection and to achieve a holding effect, but on the other hand it must not be so large that bulges of the material occur; these could unintentionally close the rear ventilation gap and prevent the desired formation of a flat inner surface of the insulation. Depending on the compressibility of the mineral fiber material, the excess during installation should therefore be kept in the range between one and five centimeters.

The insulation sheets or panels can generally only be manufactured and delivered in certain nominal widths of 500, 600, 700, 800 and 1000 mm, for example. However, the width between the supports, such as rafters, shows intermediate values. For example, with a rafter spacing of 600 mm, a sheet or plate with a nominal width of 600 mm would no longer have sufficient excess, and therefore the nominal width of 700 mm would have to be used. However, this nominal width would in turn result in an oversize of 100 mm, i.e. twice the oversize that is just still permissible under favorable conditions.

Therefore, cutting work or similar adaptation measures on the construction site are essential if there is not a much finer scaling of the nominal width, which would, however, lead to a very considerable increase in the cost of production and, in particular, of stockpiling. Such adaptation measures

men are labor intensive and inevitably lead to waste.

There has therefore been no lack of attempts in the past to facilitate such adjustments to the respective rafter widths and / or to minimize the resulting waste.

It is known from DE-GM 78 30 852, for example, to provide plate-shaped insulation elements for the insulation between rafters on their outer longitudinal sides with rib-forming cuts, on the one hand to produce predetermined breaking lines for a rapidly defined reduction in the width of the plate and on the other Increase the compressibility of the insulation board locally in the edge area, so that the boards can be firmly pressed between the 15 rafters while avoiding cold bridges. The disadvantage here is that the large number of relatively wide, groove-shaped incisions inevitably reduces the thermal insulation capacity of the insulation layer in these edge areas, which becomes all the more noticeable the less the lateral insulation ribs 20 have to be broken away for the respective installation case; In the event that the insulation layer is of a suitable width, all groove-shaped incisions are retained and the thermal insulation capacity in the edge areas of the insulation layer is correspondingly reduced. Furthermore, the insulation ribs between the incisions, since they are only connected to one another via a thin web of thermal insulation material in the base of the incisions, can also be accidentally damaged or even broken off or torn off. Finally, the groove-shaped incisions 30 must obviously be made in the insulation material layer by means of appropriate sawing and milling tools, that is to say by means of waste-intensive processing, which leads to relatively high material losses even during processing. Further material losses occur on the construction site due to the fact that the broken 35 or torn edge strips cannot generally be used sensibly.

To avoid these disadvantages again, it is known from DE-OS 31 18 597 to produce the lateral edge areas with edge strips of the insulation layer which have already been completely separated from the central area 40 during the course of manufacture and which are fixed to a lamination by the adhesive then continued in the edge area . In order to avoid gaping of the cut edge strips on the side, the cuts are completely closed again in the course of the production of the insulation sheet before lamination, so that a holding effect at the cut edges is achieved by clipping and clawing and possibly also by the consistency of the binder in the insulation layer is achieved at the time the cut closes. By appropriately angling the lamination on the desired cut, however, a gap can be selectively generated at any time by hand and the edge strip angled in this way can be removed from the lamination while overcoming the holding force of the adhesive connection. In this way, it is achieved that, owing to the mutual abutment of the cut surfaces, there are no differences in appearance or in the thermal insulation capacity of such an insulation web compared to an insulation web without any incisions, since the incisions are largely invisible and do not appear functionally. 60 However, improper handling may result in gaps in the sections where no separation should take place. However, such a gaping cut makes proper installation difficult. If several incisions are made in each edge area of the insulation layer in order to limit the excess and thus the edge compression as well as possible to the desired value, the width of the edge strips between the individual incisions is relatively small. It can also be relative

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slight edge compression during proper installation means that the adjacent incisions tend to gap and inadvertently deform the remaining side edge strips.

Finally, when the edge strip to be removed is removed from the glued-on lamination if improperly handled, there is a risk of damage to the lamination and thus an impairment of the vapor barrier achieved by the lamination. In particular, in the case of unfavorable installation conditions, there are still high material losses since any excess width of the insulation layer must always be removed.

From DE-OS 32 29 601 an insulation web is known, which allows a proper installation even by inexperienced forces and still makes adaptation to the respective rafter width much easier. Since this insulation sheet does not have any functional disadvantages either in terms of installation or in effect compared to an inherently suitable insulation sheet, it was the only one of the described proposals that was able to prevail in practice to a large extent. The adaptation is made easier by the fact that in the lateral edge areas of the insulation layer there are only optically effective, color-contrasting marking lines that actually do not weaken the insulation layer, which define modular edge strips that can be cut off in the course of adaptation to the respective rafter width. The user therefore only needs to select the marking lines at which a cut should be made, then insert a cutting aid between the insulation layer and the lamination and can then immediately carry out the cut along the specified marking line in one go without any additional aids such as rulers or the like, whereby only has to make sure that he follows the course of the marking line with the knife. However, it is still disadvantageous here that cutting to the desired rafter width inevitably results in the same amount of waste as in the previously described proposals.

To avoid waste, it is known from DE-OS 32 03 624, for example, to depart from a rectangular plate or web shape and instead to use wedge-shaped insulating material plates, for example, in the manner of a triangle. These wedge-shaped plates are to be made available with undersize and individually inserted between the rafters without jamming and wedged there with the aid of a second plate inserted in reverse so that the desired pressure is obtained. Such wedging of panels in the rafters field already encounters practical difficulties in the case of mineral fiber material because the spreading wedge effect that can be achieved with such a pair of panels requires the panels to slide on the adjoining inclined surfaces, which, however, has the consistency of mineral wool at most to a very limited extent allows. Furthermore, if the catheter of the triangular plate perpendicular to the longitudinal extension of the rafter field does not coincidentally correspond to the rafter spacing, the further difficulty arises that a laterally protruding tip of an insulation wedge on the rafters and an upwardly protruding tip on the following base area of a plate are squeezed must become. This leads to local material accumulations, which disrupt the mutual contact of the plate elements and inevitably lead to gaps between adjacent plate edges, which in turn result in cold bridges and convection.

Such a wasteless laying of such triangular panels is therefore not possible in practice. Like a brochure "Rocky - Isolierprogramm" from the company Deutsche

Rockwool Mineralwoll GmbH in 4390 Gladbeck, the only practical way of installing such wedge-shaped plates made of mineral fiber material is to provide the plate with a large width that in any case exceeds the rafter spacing, and then the corner of each plate, which protrudes too far cut off so that there is a trapezoidal shape with a width which corresponds to the rafter spacing plus the excess for achieving the pressure. This plate can then be individually inserted between the rafters and pressed in there, pushed onto an adjacent plate that has already been inserted and placed there.

However, this does not reduce the workload for adapting to the rafter width, but rather increases it compared to the previously described proposals; because the previously measured rafter spacing has to be entered on each individual plate and then a corresponding cut has to be carried out, while this effort is only required once per rafter field with longer mineral fiber webs. In order to reduce this effort somewhat, it is therefore proposed according to the brochure mentioned that two wedge-shaped plates in the later installation position are put together in pairs, such that the width of the approximately rectangular assembly unit formed from both plates need only be adjusted once by mutual displacement, and the protruding corners of both triangular plates can then be cut off in one go. With, for example, ten triangular plates laid in a rafters field, this still results in quite a considerable amount of work in the form of five dimensional settings and ten cuts, although in the case of installation by only one person, the work is made easier by the small plates being lighter than long Tracks can be manipulated by a single person. Furthermore, additional effort is required for cutting end-side panels according to the respective length of the rafter field and the design of its end regions.

So if the workload due to the cutting and manipulation of a relatively large number of relatively small plates is higher, the cutting losses are nevertheless reduced compared to simply cutting off a lateral protrusion over the entire length of the rafter field. However, minimizing the cutting losses also requires wedges with different widths to be made available, since the cutting losses will of course increase again significantly if a triangular plate designed for maximum rafter spacing has to be cut so strongly that it is minimal Rafter spacing fits. Therefore, the cutting losses that are unavoidable even with such a method can actually only be kept significantly smaller if a plurality of nominal widths are made available unchanged.

In addition to the relatively labor-intensive installation and the waste, which in any case is very considerable in the production in only one nominal width, there is a further major disadvantage of this method that the wedge-shaped mineral fiber boards have to be packed and delivered in plate stacks and cannot be rolled. In contrast, mineral fiber webs stored and delivered in roll form have the advantage of a considerably reduced transport and storage space, since the mineral fiber material in the roll is highly compressed and, due to the pressure in the roll form, it can also be compressed without local, irreversible squeezing. In the case of such bulk products of low bulk density, a reduction in the transport and storage volume, for example, also brings about a half

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In view of the corresponding savings in packaging material, very noticeable cost advantages.

It is therefore desirable to find a procedure in which the mineral fiber material can be packaged and delivered in roll form.

Based on the procedure according to DE-OS 32 29 601, the invention is therefore based on the object of creating a roll-up insulation web by which e.g. in a rafter field, waste that is otherwise generated is minimized or completely avoided, and the production and storage of mineral fiber material in different nominal widths can be completely dispensed with without increasing the workload for the installation.

Such a "transverse installation" of length sections cut from the roll can completely avoid cutting losses, since the width of the web, which can be maximized from the production point of view, lies in the longitudinal direction of the rafter field and the width of each rafter field is taken into account directly by the single separating cut with which a length section is cut off from the mineral fiber web to form an installable mineral fiber board. If the roll is made available with a width of 1200 mm, for example, a few straight cuts are sufficient to produce a required number of mineral fiber plates which fill the rafter field and have exactly the desired width for a clean fit between the rafters. With a corresponding adjustment of the oversize provided for the cut to the compressibility of the mineral fiber material, a simple pushing in of each plate press between the rafters is sufficient to store the plate there without further holding means, whereby a gap to the neighboring plate can be pushed in with a simple handle. The end plate in the ridge area can be cut off in the case of excess length, and the cut end can be installed in another rafter field of corresponding width, so that there is no need for any waste in the end area of the rafter field.

Compared to the procedure according to the brochure mentioned, despite the delivery of the mineral fiber material in only a single nominal width, there is usually a further significant reduction in the amount of waste to zero. Furthermore, you can work with material from the roll in a cost-effective manner and the workload for installation is considerably reduced due to the significantly larger plate areas, although each plate can still be manipulated by an individual without difficulty and, despite its size, sits between the rafters to a certain extent . Furthermore, the number of separating joints between the panels, which are not desirable as a possible weak point in principle from the principle of filling the entire rafter field as seamlessly as possible, is significantly reduced, since only a few transverse joints occur per rafter field, which due to their flatness run across the rafter field Pressing the plates can be closed reliably.

As a result of the large width of the insulation material rolls available with a length of five meters and more and the avoidance of any waste, an average of about two rafter fields can be insulated with one roll. For this reason, the fact that the last remaining length section, which results in a panel width that is too small, would generally only have to be used for a different installation after appropriate cutting, so that waste would be incurred to a small extent here. Because an end of the roll that is too short can be completed by an initial piece of the following roll, any waste is also avoided at the end of the roll, since the missing width of a length section that remains at the end of a roll is due to a correspondingly narrow beginning section of the following Roll can be completed and a two-part plate with the desired dimensions can be formed from these two lengths without any waste. The only special feature of a conventional panel is a vertical joint in the rafter field, which occurs, for example, in every second or third rafter field.

Since a lamination of the mineral fiber web would have to be cut during the production of the individual panels, and then the transverse joints between the lamination in the rafter field and the edges of the lamination on the 15 rafters would have to be closed, it is preferable to use non-laminated mineral fiber material and, if for example, one Vapor barrier is required to cover the individual mineral fiber plates and, if necessary, also the Sparrenfel-20 or the overlapping area, as is known per se. This reduces the effort required to close a few long joints between individual sheets, and the joints are also more accessible.

Similar to the state of the art according to DE-OS 25 32 29 601, from which this claim is based in the preamble, marking lines serving as cutting aids are used, which are in contrasting colors and are only optically effective and do not actually weaken the mineral fiber material. The marking lines therefore have no influence on the handling and effectiveness of the mineral fiber material. In contrast to the teaching of DE-OS 32 29 601, the marking lines are, however, applied transversely to the longitudinal extent of the mineral fiber web. In this way, they lie parallel to the cutting direction provided by the method according to the invention.

The marking lines can have the same distance from one another, for example 100 mm. Setting different distances, which can be useful in the case of DE-OS 32 29 601, does not bring any advantages here, since the position of the cut is completely indefinite during manufacture. A set of parallel lines with the same, relatively small distance enables a cutting direction to be maintained even without a ruler based on a sense of the eye, so that once the interface has been defined, the cut can be made with a free hand parallel to the nearest line without further preparation measures.

While the desired wedging effect according to DE-OS 32 03 624 is less achievable the lighter the mineral fiber material used, there is no such restriction to relatively heavy, dense material within the scope of the invention. This further contributes to material savings. A raw density between 10 and 30 kg / m3, in particular between 14 and 25 kg / m3, is preferred, the lower range of the bulk density being particularly suitable for mineral fiber material of the thermal conductivity group 040 and the upper range for material of the thermal conductivity group 035.

While the bulk densities mentioned essentially correspond to the bulk densities of the mineral fiber web of DE-OS 32 29 601, the binder content can be between about 6 and 7 60% by weight of the dry binder in the product, the lower binder contents of the stated range for material of the thermal conductivity group 035 and the higher ones for those of the thermal conductivity group 040 apply. The slightly increased binder content results in a somewhat greater stiffness and thus a better holding effect when pressing an insulation board between the rafters. This does not affect the winding ability.

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Further details and advantages of the invention result from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of a roll of mineral fiber material with rolled end portion and

Fig. 2 shows an illustration of the installation of the mineral fiber plates between rafters produced by separating longitudinal sections from the mineral fiber web.

The mineral fiber web 1 illustrated in FIG. 1, the front end section 2 of which is shown rolled out, may in the example be an unclad web with a width of 1200 mm, a nominal thickness of 100 mm and a length of 6 m. With a bulk density of, for example, 18 kg / m3 and a binder content of phenolic resin of 6.6% by weight (dry), this results in a material from thermal conductivity group 040.

It should be noted that the position of the mineral fiber web 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 with the front end section 2 only partially rolled out does not occur in practice without the application of corresponding holding forces, since the internal tension in the roll of the roll denoted by 3 is so great that when the covering is removed, the entire roll opens and the mineral fiber web 1 is completely in the stretched state, as illustrated in the drawing for the front end section 2. This is not only because of the compression of the material in the winding, for example in a ratio of 1: 2.5, but also because of the resilience of the mineral fiber material itself. As can be seen from FIG. 1, the mineral fiber material springs up to its nominal thickness when it is rolled out. In the production of the mineral fiber web 1 in the production line, an excess thickness of about 10 mm is used. After compression of this material in the roll over a longer period of time, it then springs to its nominal thickness of e.g. 100 mm.

Marking lines 5 are applied to the surface 4 of the mineral fiber web lying inside the winding, which run perpendicular to the lateral edges 6 of the mineral fiber web 1 and parallel to the front edge 7 of the mineral fiber web 1. In the example, the marking lines 5 may be applied at equal intervals, the distance d between two adjacent marking lines being 100 mm. As illustrated in FIG. 1, the marking lines 5 need not be designed as continuous lines, but can also be broken lines. It is essential, however, that the marking lines 5 are not formed by incisions or the like, but are only optically effective and do not noticeably influence the handling and effectiveness of the material of the mineral fiber web 1.

In order to fill a rafter field with the width D shown in FIG. 2 of, for example, 700 mm, along the marking lines 5, taking into account the excess U required for pressing, for example 10 mm and length section L with a length of 710 mm, starting from the front edge 7 the mineral fiber web 1 measured and cut at 7 '. For this purpose, a knife 8 is attached to the measured cutting line in the manner indicated in FIG. 1 and drawn through the material parallel to the adjacent marking line 5 in the direction of arrow 9.

As a result, an insulation board 10 is formed, as can be seen in FIG. 2. The insulation board 10 is rotated such that the previously lateral edges 6 of the mineral fiber web 1 come to lie at the top and bottom, and therefore the length section L determines the width of the mineral fiber board 10. In this position, the mineral fiber plate 10 is inserted into one of the rafters designated by 11 between two adjacent rafters 12. The oversize Ü of the length section L compared to the width D of the rafters field 11 on the built-in parts of 10 mm or a little more in the example results in the desired pressure of the mineral fiber plate 10. After insertion between the rafters 12, the mineral fiber plate 10 thus holds by clamping action.

The rafters 11 in the drawing, which are already fitted with mineral fiber plates 10, make it clear that only a few, in the example three mineral fiber plates 10 are required per rafters 11 in order to completely insulate it. In each case, the lowest mineral fiber board 10 is first inserted between the adjacent rafters 12 and - if necessary after previously slightly cutting the lower edge of the mineral fiber board 10 in accordance with the design of the lower end of the rafter field 11 - pushed down and pushed. Then the next mineral fiber board 10 is placed over the already installed mineral fiber board 10, pressed between the rafters 12 and pushed down into tight contact with the already installed mineral fiber board 10 and pressed on. In this way, the complete insulation for a rafter field 11 is created in a few simple steps. The cross-joint indicated by dash-dotted lines and designated by 13 between adjacent mineral fiber boards 10 is practically invisible to the eye from a distance. If the mineral fiber boards 10, as illustrated, are installed with the marking lines 5 on the inside, it can only be seen that an offset of the marking lines 5 occurs at this point. If necessary, however, the mineral fiber boards 10 can of course also be installed with the marking lines 5 in the direction of the roof outside.

As can be seen from FIG. 2, the upper insulation material panels 10 have a lower height towards the ridge in the installed position than the mineral fiber panels 10 underneath, in the example case half the height. For this purpose, the length section L, from which the upper mineral fiber plates 10 are formed, has been cut through again in the middle parallel to the lateral edges 6, so that the cut parts of a single mineral fiber plate 10 have been sufficient to reach two rafters 11 up to the ridge to be filled in without any waste. Of course, the part that is no longer required in the first rafter field 11 could also be applied in the second rafter field 11 in the floor area and the insulation could be further built up from there, and it is clearly evident that such a division of a mineral fiber plate 10 for the termination in the ridge area is also problem-free is possible if only a small or a very large piece of a solid panel is required for the remaining insulation in the ridge area. All that is required is that a further rafters panel 11 of the same width is available somewhere, with the use of the remaining part of the cut mineral fiber insulation board 10 for a rafters panel 11 with a different width being possible while accepting a slight waste.

Similarly, at the end of the mineral fiber web 1 after the last cut there will remain a length section 10a, the length of which is less than the width D of a rafter field 11 to be insulated. Here, a complementary length section 10b can be cut off from the following roll and with the remaining section of the previous roll into one Assembly unit 10 'are assembled, which in turn has the desired dimensions of a mineral fiber plate 10 and can be installed just like a one-piece mineral fiber plate 10. The resulting longitudinal gap 18 is closed cleanly by the pressure between the rafters 12.

After filling all rafter fields 11 with mineral fiber5

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plates 10, a full-surface application of a vapor barrier made of polyethylene film can take place, the individual webs, for example running across the rafter fields 11 and fastened to the inner surfaces 12a of the rafters 12, being able to be sealed with self-adhesive films in the joint area.

In this way it is possible to work practically completely waste-free, starting from a mineral fiber web 1 of a corresponding consistency, regardless of whether it is a new building with very regular rafter spacing or an old building with very different rafter spacing. The additional effort in an old building is only increased measuring work, but material losses do not occur there either. The few mineral fiber plates 10 required per rafter field 11 can be generated by a few freehand cuts along the marking lines 5 and can be easily used by a single person between the rafters 11, where they hold by clamping action, so that the workload is accurate despite the generation matching mineral fiber plates 10 is extremely small even with very different rafter spacing. The mineral fiber webs 1 can be produced by the manufacturer with existing 5 production systems and winding machines, only a simple additional device in the form of a roller being required to produce the marking lines 5. Since it is possible to work with a single roll width, manufacturing and warehousing are considerably easier; Likewise, before purchasing the insulation material, the buyer does not need to measure all rafter spacings in order to draw up a list of the required quantities of the mineral fiber material in the required web widths, but can and can acquire the required number of rolls that are the same as the total area to be insulated be sure that you can insulate the roof structure of the specified area to be insulated without waste and easily.

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Claims (6)

659 845 1. A roll of insulating material, characterized in that it is divided transversely to its longitudinal extent by means of modular marking lines (5), through which the insulating material (1) lined up in the stretched state of the insulating material (1) is predetermined and by cutting through the insulating material (1 ) can be obtained in the area of the marking lines (5). 2. Insulation sheet according to claim 1, characterized in that it consists of mineral fiber felt. 2nd PATENT CLAIMS 3. Insulation sheet according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the marking lines (5) are provided at a distance of about 10 cm. 4. Insulation sheet according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the marking lines (5) are formed only as optically effective, color-contrasting, the insulation sheet (1) factually not weakening dividing lines. 5. Insulation sheet according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that it has a density of 10 to 40 kg / m3, in particular from 10 to 25 kg / m3. 6. Use of an insulation board, formed according to one of claims 1 to 4, for clamping insertion between abutments (12).