ES2553454T3 - Fire door and interleaved piece of fire for it - Google Patents

Abstract

Fire door (1) presenting a kind of normative or similar fire resistance, with a frame structure on the peripheral side and covered with steel sheet on both sides (9, 10), between which an interlaced fire piece is placed (13) with a temperature resistance to meet the requirements of the normative or similar fire resistance classes, which is formed by at least one insulating element in the form of an iron, reinforced by a binder, of mineral fibers soluble in a physiological medium, characterized in that the composition of the mineral fibers of the insulating element has an alkaline / alkaline earth mass ratio <1, and because the fiber structure of the insulating element is determined by an average geometric fiber diameter <= 4 μm , a proportion of the binder with respect to the mass of the fiber content of the insulating element in the range of 1% to 3% by weight and u na apparent density in the range of 60 kg / m3 to 130 kg / m3, the bulk density rising in a fire resistance class T30 or similar to 60 kg / m3 to 80 kg / m3, preferably 70 kg / m3, in a class of fire resistance T60 or similar to 80 kg / m3 at 110 kg / m3, preferably at 100 kg / m3, and in a class of fire resistance T90 or similar to 110 kg / m3 at 130 kg / m3, preferably at 120 kg / m3.

Description

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DESCRIPTION

Fire door and interleaved piece of fire for it

The invention relates to a fire door with the features of the preamble of claim 1 as well as an interleaved piece of fire for the same according to the preamble of claim 13.

The fire protection requirements of fire elements are classified in accordance with DIN 4102, part 5 in fire resistance classes. These fire resistance classes also apply to fire doors. The fire resistance of a fire door is determined according to this by the duration, in which in case of an increase in the temperature determined on one side of the fire door, the other "fno" side of the fire door remains at a temperature Limit defined. The duration in minutes until the limit temperature is reached on the fno side is designated as the lifetime. This determines the classification in the different classes of fire resistance. This means a classification of a fire door in the fire resistance class T30 a useful life of at least 30 minutes or T60 and T90 a useful life of 60 minutes and 90 minutes. During these times of useful life it must be ensured that the action of separation of a space of the fire door is guaranteed, that is to say, do not allow during these times that any flame comes out of the door on the side opposite to the fire, which results from the combustion of the caloric load introduced with an interleaved piece of fire, that is, the organic binder.

As a consequence of the fire protection requirements that are required on fire doors, mineral wool is used as an insulating material for the intercalated piece of fire doors predominantly rock wool due to its high temperature stability, the melting point according to the standard DIN 4102, part 17 must be at 1,000 ° C. Rock wool of this type is usually manufactured in the so-called nozzle blowing process or with external centrifugation, for example the so-called cascade centrifugation process. The fibers produced in this respect generally have an average geometric diameter greater than 4 | im to 12 | im depending on the use, so that these fibers are relatively thick compared to conventional glass wool fibers. In contrast, glass wool fibers generally have an average geometric diameter depending on the use in the range of 3 | im to 6 | im. In rock wool, however, due to the manufacturing in the process of blowing with nozzles or with external centrifugation, a considerable proportion of non-defibrated material in the form of thicker fiber constituent parts is produced, which is in the form of so-called "beads" with a particle size of at least 50 | im in the insulating material and specifically in a usual manner with respect to a proportion of 10% to 30% of the fiber proportion of the insulating element. This comparatively high proportion of beads although it takes part in the weight of the insulating element, however it does not contribute to the desired insulating action of the insulating element.

As a binder, a phenol-formaldetute resin is generally used for rock wool fibers, which is introduced as an organic material, such as the so-called heat load in the fire door. The binder content, which is necessary for the stabilization of the structure of the soft nonwoven material composed of rock wool for the formation of a solid sheet of bonded rock wool, is usually found in interleaved pieces of fire about 1% by weight (dry, with respect to the mass of fibers). Due to the comparatively thick fiber structure, with respect to conventional glass wool, conventional rock wool, high bulk densities are necessary for the formation of interleaved firewall pieces to achieve the desired insulating action. The apparent density of sandwiched pieces of rock wool of this type is according to this depending on the fire resistance class, for example, from 120 kg / m3 to 230 kg / m3.

The high apparent densities of this type, which are necessary for obtaining the desired insulating effect, lead with given thickness of interleaved firewall pieces for fire doors directly to high door weights. In addition, a high density also inevitably results in the introduction of a relatively large amount of binder into the fire door (considered in an absolute way) and thereby a caloric charge.

Since the thermal insulating action of the interwoven piece of rock wool with predetermined thickness alone is not often sufficient to achieve a required fire resistance class, additional fire protection agents should be provided frequently than in the case of fire such as as a consequence of the increase in temperature together with this they give off physically and / or chemically bound water and therefore slow down the increase in temperature. Fire protection agents of this type may be introduced in individual layers, as this is known from EP 0 741 003, or they may however be integrated in the rock wool material itself, as this is known for example by EP 1 097 807.

The high apparent densities of conventional rock wool materials used for interleaved firewall pieces lead not only to correspondingly high weights of the interleaved pieces and thereby of the fire door, but also lead to the interleaved pieces due to their two-dimensional size They are exposed during handling, for example during the introduction into the fire door, with their own weight at high bending stresses and which tend to delaminate when lifted or even form cracks. Therefore, very careful handling of these interleaved firewall pieces is necessary, which has an unfavorable impact on a rational manufacturing. This mechanical instability of the interleaved piece has

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As a consequence, the process of introducing the part inserted into the door box in many manufacturers of fire doors is the only process that could not yet be automated.

Products with high apparent density are manufactured by a corresponding compaction of the nonwoven material that forms the respective products. In this regard, the non-woven material is compressed before and after passing through the curing oven by means of the compression forces acting on it for adjustment in a predetermined manner, with the cured binder assuming the conformation after the suspension of the forces. Of compression. In this respect, very considerable recoil forces act on the rock wool material that must be compensated by the action of the binder. These forces are higher, the stronger the material has been compressed, that is, the higher the apparent density.

In the course of the aging of the rock wool material after the installation of the fire door, however, the binding forces of the binder can be reduced over time. Because of this, the recoil forces are released, so to speak "frozen" and the sandwiched piece of rock wool can bulge. The forces that occur in this respect can be so great that they can significantly deform the steel sheet covers of the fire door, so that the door must be replaced.

In order to be able to control the recoil forces somewhat better, it has been carried out in practice so that before the curing oven, a pressure cylinder presses locally on the uncured rock wool material and in this respect the fibers are broken, it is Say get stuck. Because of this, the recoil forces are reduced in effect, which, however, has the consequence that the fiber composite cannot be insignificantly damaged. Also due to this, the resistance of the interleaved piece is affected, which can have an unfavorable impact on its handling.

The breakage of the fibers by means of the pressing cylinder can also lead to a considerable generation of dust, so that the dust and the fiber particles as well as pearls during the introduction of the interleaved piece of fire in the door box can get dirty this. This fouling can lead to subsequent welding processes for closing the door case with the door cover to defects in the weld joints, so that expensive quality controls and possibly subsequent machining are necessary.

From US 5,962,354 a fiber insulating material is already known whose composition is configured so that the fibers can be prepared by internal centrifugation, obtaining 4.5 µm fiber diameters for rock wool. Finally, it is known in relation to a rock wool composition (US 6,284,684 B1) to prepare mineral fibers that are soluble in a physiological medium.

The aim of the invention is to create a fire door according to the preamble of claim 1, which solves the drawbacks of such fire doors based on conventional rock wool and that is configured in a comparatively light manner in terms of weight, being due Reduce the weight of the interleaved piece of fire in particular by at least 25%, without affecting the requirements in fire safety and operational safety.

In particular, despite the intended weight reduction, the mechanical stability of the interleaved firewall pieces must be adjusted in such a way to facilitate handling on the one hand and avoid the establishment of recoil forces on the other hand as a consequence of the reduction conditioned by the aging of the binding forces of the binder and with it the tendency to bulge the fire door.

This objective is solved according to the invention by means of the features of the characterizing part of claim 1, the suitable improvements of the invention being characterized by the features of the dependent claims.

The fire door according to the invention is characterized by an interleaved fire piece composed of at least one insulating element, in which, by means of the adapted interaction of several factors, a fiber structure especially suited for the requirement of a fire door is defined and It guarantees high temperature stability. The insulating element according to the invention has a very fine fiber structure that results in the fibers of the insulating element being sized on an average geometric fiber diameter <4 | im. At the same time, the apparent density is in the range of 60 kg / m3 to 130 kg / m3 and the proportion of the binder with respect to the mass of the fiber ratio of the insulating element amounts to 1% to 3% by weight , the bulk density rising in a fire resistance class T30 or similar to 60 kg / m3 to 80 kg / m3, preferably 70 kg / m3, in a fire resistance class T60 or similar to 80 kg / m3 at 110 kg / m3, preferably at 100 kg / m3, and in a fire resistance class T90 or similar to 110 kg / m3 at 130 kg / m3, preferably at 120 kg / m3, which leads to corresponding reductions in weight, according to the objective, of the interleaved pieces of fire in more than 30%. These are intervals of apparent density that are unattainable for sandstone interleaved pieces of rock wool. With the focus on temperature stability, it is possible in this respect that the insulating element has a melting point according to DIN 4102, part 17 of> 1,000 ° C. The finely sized fiber with an average geometric fiber diameter <4 | im results in a structure of

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fibers, in which with the same apparent density as in rock wool fibers conventions essentially more fibers are present in the structure and with it also more cross-linking points for the fiber composite. With the same binder insert as in conventional rock wool, due to the greater number of cross-linking points and the concentration of the binder at these points, the proportion of the binder that does not contribute to a bond is essentially reduced, so that a composite material results of fibers that leads to a comparatively clearer sizing of a cured mineral fiber plate. From the low apparent density of 60 kg / m3 to 130 kg / m3 it therefore results for the interleaved piece of fire in accordance with the invention with the same thickness as in a conventional manner directly a lower fiber mass. This can be adjusted, with constant absolute organic caloric load, that is to say binder insertion, correspondingly to this a relatively higher binder ratio, which results in the comparative plate becoming essentially more sharp. On the other hand, a predetermined stiffness and stability can also be achieved in the insulating plate according to the invention also with a comparatively lower absolute binder insert, so that in turn the corresponding caloric charge introduced by the binder in the Mayona of the organic cases. At the same time, as a consequence of the finely sized fiber structure, the proportion of essential air for the insulating action within the insulating element rises, which leads to a corresponding increase in the insulating effect.

As a consequence of the adjustment of the ratio of alkaline / alkaline earth mass to a value <1, a relatively high temperature stability results for the fulfillment of the requirements of the normative or similar fire resistance classes of the mineral fibers of the insulating element of According to the invention.

By means of the measures according to the invention that interact synergistically, a fire door is therefore characterized which is characterized, as a consequence of the reduced apparent density of the interleaved piece of fire, by a lower weight with excellent insulating properties with at least comparable stiffness and high temperature stability. In principle, the invention achieves a symbiosis between glass wool and rock wool and consequently skillfully combines its advantageous properties, the insulating element being sized to obtain a fiber structure in the manner of glass wool, however it has the advantages of the high temperature stability of conventional rock wool. As a consequence of the greater fiber fineness, a determined insulating action with the same geometry with considerably lower bulk density can therefore be achieved than with conventional rock wool, which consequently leads to corresponding material savings compared to conventional interleaved fire pieces.

In addition, in the manufacture of the insulating element for the fire door, it is possible to work with considerably lower compression, so that lower recoil forces must also be "frozen". If a gradual reduction of the binding forces of the binder occurs in a conditioned manner by aging, then low forces are released in the fiber composite according to the invention at most, so that a bulging of the door can be prevented Firewall and because of this can essentially extend the service life of the fire door compared to conventional fire doors.

As a consequence of the improved stability in union with the lowest apparent density and the lowest weight, the manipulation of the insulating element is also facilitated for the purpose of mounting the fire door, since a delamination, tearing or tearing is no longer to be feared. even a fracture when lifting the interleaved piece of fire. Especially, with the procedure step of introducing an interleaved piece of this type of fire into the door box, automation also becomes accessible.

With averaged apparent density, a relative binder content is also equal to the average of the absolute binder insert, so that according to the invention, much less caloric load is also inserted into the fire door and thus an essential contribution to the Obtaining high classes of fire resistance. Therefore, interleaved pieces of fire can be manufactured in accordance with the invention with a relatively higher binder ratio, since as a consequence of the fine fiber structure in union with the lowest apparent density, it is available relatively more binder for the fiber composite with simultaneous maintenance of the absolute binder content of the interwoven piece of conventional rock wool and with it the interleaved piece of fire with absolutely lower binder ratio can be adjusted correspondingly nigidly. In other words: with the interleaved piece of fire in accordance with the invention it is advantageously possible to create a product that presents with optimized mechanical properties a lower absolute binder insert compared to conventional products. According to this, an organic binder is suitable as binder and the preferred range of the proportion of the binder with respect to the mass of fibers of the insulating element is in the range of 1% to 2% by weight.

The average geometric diameter responsible for fiber fineness is determined from the frequency distribution of the fiber diameter. The frequency distribution can be determined by a wool sample in the microscope. The diameter of a large number of fibers is measured and recorded, resulting in a skewed distribution to the left (see Figures 4 and 5).

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Especially suitably, the mineral fibers of the insulating element are manufactured by centrifugation in the centrifugal perforated drum process with a temperature in the centrifugal perforated drum of at least 1,100 ° C. Because of this, fibers with correspondingly low average geometric diameter can be manufactured in a simple manner, the mineral wool obtained thereby being practically free of pearls, that is, the proportion of pearls in the mineral wool material amounts to <1%, which entails another Essential advantage compared to conventional rock wool. The breakage of fibers and the generation of dust that accompanies this have been avoided in this way in the best possible way, so that the interleaved pieces of fire can be introduced according to the invention without problems and free of alterations in the door box . The internal centrifugation process in the centrifugal perforated drum process is already known for mineral fibers, with respect to which it is expressly referred to EP 0 551 476, EP 0 583 792, WO 94/04468 and to document US 6,284,684 for other particularities.

Especially advantageously, the recoil forces measured as compression stress with 10% deformation due to overhang according to DIN EN 826 of the insulating element incorporated in the fire door amount to a fire resistance class T30 or similar to <4 kPa, in a fire resistance class T60 or similar to <6 kPa and in a fire resistance class T90 or similar to <8 kPa. These low recoil forces contribute, as mentioned earlier, to prolonging the service life and preventing defects by bulging the fire doors.

In addition, known addition measures, such as the integration of fire protection agents of the type of materials that separate water with heat, such as metal hydroxides, using aluminum hydroxide in particular, can also be used in the context according to the invention. . Accordingly, it is convenient that these fire protection agents integrated in the insulating element are arranged in at least one discrete layer between the mineral fibers of the insulating element. This discrete layer, according to this, is conveniently configured in a flat manner and is arranged parallel to the main surface of the insulating element which is generally as a plate. As an alternative, however, it is also possible that the distribution of the water separating fire protection agent takes place within the discrete layers in the form of strips and / or in the form of points. However, it is also possible that the dehydrating substance is distributed homogeneously in the insulating element.

Advantageously, the interleaved firewall pieces are formed of soluble mineral fibers in a physiological medium, satisfying these the requirements of the European Directive 97/69 / EC and / or the requirements of the German hazardous substances regulation paragraph IV No. 22, so that an absence of sanitary objections of the interleaved pieces of fire is guaranteed in the manufacture, processing, use and disposal. As long as reference is made to the test rules or regulations, the valid version for the filing date is applied respectively.

The table below shows the preferred composition of the mineral fibers of an interleaved piece of fire in accordance with the invention by intervals in% by weight.

Table 1

 SiO2

 39 - 55% preferably 39 - 52%

 Al2O3

 16-27% preferably 16-26%

 CaO

 6-20% preferably 8 -18%

 MgO

 1-5% preferably 1-4.9%

 Na2O

 0 -15% preferably 2 -12%

 K2O

 0 -15% preferably 2 -12%

 R2O (Na2O + K2O)

 10 -14.7% preferably 10 -13.5%

 P2O5

 0 - 3% in particular 0 - 2%

 Fe2O3 (total iron)

 1.5 -15% in particular 3.2 - 8%

 B2O3

 0 - 2% preferably 0 -1%

 TiO2

 0 - 2% preferably 0.4 -1%

 others

 0 - 2.0%

A narrower preferred range of SiO2 amounts to 39-44%, in particular 40-43%. A narrower preferred range for CaO amounts to 9.5% to 20%, in particular 10% to 18%.

The composition according to the invention is characterized in particular by the combination that a high Al2O3 content amounts to between 16% and 27%, preferably more than 17% and / or preferably less than 25% with a sum of SiO2 and AhO3 network forming elements of between 57% and 75%, preferably greater than 60% and / or preferably less than 72%, with a proportion of the sum of Na2O and K2O, which is relatively high, however It is in a range of 10-14.7%, preferably 10-13.5%, with a proportion of

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magnesium oxide in a proportion of at least 1%.

These compositions are characterized by considerably improved behavior at very high temperatures.

In relation to AI2O3, a narrower preferred range is from 17% to 25.5%, in particular from 20% to 25% and in effect preferably from 21% to 24.5%, in particular approximately to 22 -23 or 24% by weight.

Good fire-resistant properties are obtained in particular with adjustment of the content of magnesium oxide up to at least 1.5%, in particular 2% and in fact preferably from 2% to 5% and in this respect especially preferably> 2.5% or 3%. A high proportion of magnesium oxide has a positive impact against a reduction in viscosity and therefore has a favorable effect against an agglomeration of the material.

In particular it is preferred that when the proportion of AhO3 amounts to> 22%, the proportion of magnesium oxide preferably amounts to at least 1%, in particular preferably from 1% to 4%, another preferred range of magnesium oxide rising. from 1% to 2% and in particular from 1.2% to 1.6%. The proportion of aluminum oxide is preferably limited to 25% to obtain a sufficiently low liquid temperature. If the proportion of aluminum oxide is in a range of about 17% to 22%, the proportion of magnesium oxide preferably amounts to at least 2%, in particular about 2% to 5%.

An interleaved piece of fire with the characteristics defined above represents a component that can only be manipulated by itself, which is usually supplied by the manufacturer of mineral fibers to the manufacturers of fire doors. This is characterized precisely by the advantages described above with the focus on high stability, insulating action and fire protection behavior as a reduced weight.

Next, preferred embodiments of the invention are described by means of the drawing. In this sample

figure 1

figure 2

figure 3

figure 4 figure 5

a fire door according to the invention represented in cut with interleaved fire part according to the invention as well as

a modified embodiment of an interleaved piece of fire with additionally integrated fire protection agent,

a diagram of a comparative test in the context of a thermal conductivity test at 400 ° C,

a typical fiber histogram of a conventional rock wool and a typical fiber histogram of mineral wool according to the invention.

The fire door designated in Figure 1 generally with 1 fits into a door opening in the wall of a fire-protected room 2 with a floor 3 with a bottom stop 4 and a roof 5 with a top stop 6. The structure of the fire door 1 can be distinguished above with 7 and below with 8 partially. In addition, two steel sheet covers 9 and 10 are present. Inside the space 11 surrounded by the steel sheet cover 9 and 10 an interposed fire piece 13 is arranged in accordance with the invention. With 12 it is indicated schematically an automatic closure that does not form the object of the invention.

The interleaved fire piece 13, which is placed between the steel sheet covers 9 and 10 of the fire door 1, is composed in the case of an example of a sheet of mineral wool fibers, whose composition is indicated in the right column of Table 3, so that there is an alkaline / alkaline earth mass ratio <1 and a fine fiber structure with an average geometric diameter of the fibers of 3.2 | im. This results in a very fine sized fiber structure of the mineral wool structure according to the invention with a narrow cross-linking as a result of the high number of cross-linking points of the fiber composite material.

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of an interlaced fire piece 13, in which a layer 14 of dehydrating substance with heat action is incorporated or integrated and specifically in flat alignment parallel to the two main surfaces 15 and 16 of the element Insulator configured as an iron. As a dehydrating substance, according to this in particular, aluminum hydroxide is used. The layer 14 can be provided according to this continuously, however optionally also in the form of strips and / or in the form of dots. Instead of a discrete layer 14, several discrete layers may also be provided, if necessary, or the dehydrating substance may also be provided homogeneously distributed.

In one trial, an interleaved fire piece incorporated into a fire door made of conventional rock wool and an interleaved fire piece according to the invention of a so-called

Great fire test according to DIN 4102, part 5, with which compliance with the fire resistance class T90 was tested. With identical dimensions of the two fire doors with the modular dimension of 1000 mm x 2125 mm and a thickness of 65 mm, which corresponds to a thickness of the interleaved piece of fire of 63 mm, the apparent density of the interleaved piece of conventional fire rises to 210 kg / m3 5 with a binder content of 0.9% by weight with an average geometric diameter of 4.4 | im and that of the interleaved piece of fire in accordance with the invention at 120 kg / m3 with a binder content of 1.5% by weight with an average geometric diameter of 3.2 | im.

After a test duration of 90 minutes, the maximum permitted temperature increase of 180 K on the side of the fire door opposite the fire was not exceeded at any predetermined measurement point according to standard 10 DIN 4102, part 5. Nor was it detected in nowhere is an exit from the flames that were based on a combustion of the organic caloric charge.

The following table 2 summarizes the measurement values of this test, reproducing from the totality of the measurement points those that are spatially arranged in the upper critical zone of the door at the sites of greatest temperature load.

15 Table 2

 measuring point

 interleaved piece of firebreak according to the invention interleaved piece of conventional firebreak difference

 6

 144 K 179 K 35 K

 12

 142 K 170 K 28 K

 13

 133 K 170 K 37 K

 14

 133 K 146 K 13 K

 fifteen

 133 K 159 K 26 K

Table 2 therefore shows that in fact the two constructions meet the requirements for compliance in the fire resistance class T90, however this is achieved in the case of the fire door provided with an interleaved fire part according to the invention with a lighter component 20 even above 40% compared to a sandstone interleaved piece of conventional rock wool.

As it is in addition to the temperature differences indicated in Table 2, the fire door with the interleaved fire piece according to the invention has a clearly better fire resistance, so that in particular there is still another potential for the reduction of the weight and saving of the material compared to the conventional interleaved piece of fire.

The corresponding comparative tests were also carried out for the verification of the fire resistance class t30 and T60, so that the measurement is therefore carried out after 30 minutes or 60 minutes. The relevant standard DIN 4102 part 5 predetermines according to this an occupancy plan with respect to the position of the individual measuring points MW. In this regard, two criteria must exist for a successful trial. The first criterion is that the measurement points MW 1-5 must be on average <140 K. The other criterion is that 30 all individual values, that is, in measurement points MW 1-17, must be these respectively < 180 K. This applies to both the T30 test, T60 test, as well as the T90 test described above. In turn, an insulating element of IM according to the invention was compared (IM means mineral wool according to the invention) with an insulating element of conventional rock wool, in this case Sillan40 type. The results are represented according to this in Table 3, indicating for the measuring points MW 1-5 respectively the average value in Kelvin and even the individual values of the measuring points MW 16 and 17 are also shown in Kelvin. The measuring points MW 6 to 15 are not contained in the tables, however they also met the criteria regarding this.

The insulating element of IM in these tests has a bulk density that is significantly lower than conventional rock wool. Thus, the apparent density of the IM insulating element for t30 amounted to only 83 kg / m3, while the apparent density of conventional Sillan40 rock wool amounted to 147 kg / m3. For T60, the apparent density of the IM insulating element amounted to 120 kg / m3, on the contrary from Sillan40 to 294 kg / m3. That is, the interleaved piece of fire with the insulating element according to the invention meets the test conditions with bulk densities that are much lower than the conventional rock wool insulating element (Sillan40 type).

45 Table 3

 T30 measurement values after 30 min

 T60 measurement values after 60 min

 Measuring points

 IM Sillan40 Measuring points IM Sillan40

 MW 1-5

 63.8 94 MW 1-5 133 105

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 T30 measurement values after 30 min

 T60 measurement values after 60 min

 Measuring points

 IM Sillan40 Measuring points IM Sillan40

 16

 94.1 165 16 165 158

 17

 84 160 17 174 168

 bulk density of IM 83 kg / m3 bulk density of IM 120 kg / m3 bulk density of Sillan40 147 kg / m3 bulk density of Sillan40 294 kg / m3

In a second test an interleaved fire piece was submitted according to the invention to fire tests, namely the so-called small fire tests according to DIN 18089-1, which as correlation tests are based on the results of large fire tests , and the result of the small fire test was compared with the result of a small fire test for an authorized interleaved piece of conventional rock wool, undergoing compliance with the fire resistance class T30.

With the same identical external dimensions of 500 mm x 500 mm and a thickness of 52 mm, the apparent density of the intercalated piece of fireproof of conventional rock wool amounts to 140 kg / m3 with an average geometric diameter of 4.4 | im and the of the interleaved piece of fire in accordance with the invention at 80 k / m3 with an average geometric diameter of 3.2 | im. The content of binder does not play any role in this test, since in this case the passage of heat through the product is only measured as a decisive parameter for fire behavior.

As a limit value for the fulfillment of the criteria of the fire resistance class T30, the authorization for the intercalated piece of fire-retardant of conventional rock wool with the dimensions and densities mentioned determines that at the end of the test time of 30 minutes should not exceed no single value of the tests carried out in multiple ways a temperature increase of 100 K on the opposite side of the fire. This limit value is derived from the maximum temperature increase on the fno side of the small fire test performed as a correlation test in parallel to a successful large fire test. According to the same external dimensions, the maximum temperature increase of the interleaved piece of fire according to the invention was advantageously according to the invention after 30 minutes advantageously only at 62 K.

The comparison test for a classification in the fire resistance class T30 shows that the interleaved fire piece according to the invention excessively meets the limit value requirements of the authorized conventional fire interleaved part, although with the interleaved fire part according to The invention found a lighter element in approximately 40% compared to the conventional fire-sand intercalated piece of conventional rock wool.

The large difference of the interleaved piece of fire in accordance with the invention of 38 K of the maximum individual value of the temperature increase on the side opposite to the fire opens up possibilities for another reduction of weight and / or increase in the relative proportion of organic binder in the fire protection element according to the invention.

The respective composition in% by weight of the conventional firewall interleaved piece, therefore formed of conventional rock wool as well as the interleaved firewall piece according to the invention results from table 3, both of which interleaved firewall pieces presenting a melting point of at least 1000 ° C according to DIN 4102 part 17.

Table 4

 Composition

 Material

 Interleaved piece of conventional firebreak Interleaved piece of firebreak according to the invention

 SiO2

 57.2 41.2

 Al2O3

 1.7 23.7

 Fe2O3

 4.1 5.6

 TiO2

 0.3 0.7

 CaO

 22.8 14.4

 MgO

 8.5 1.5

 Na2O

 4.6 5.4

 K2O

 0.8 5.2

(continuation)

 Composition

 Material

 Interleaved piece of conventional firebreak Interleaved piece of firebreak according to the invention

 P2O5

   0.75

 MnO

   0.6

 SrO

   0.5

 Beam

   0.34

 Total

 100 99.89

Figure 3 shows the measurement series of a thermal conductivity test at 400 ° C by means of the bulk density in the form of a diagram. The measurement results were determined according to DIN 5 52612-1 with a so-called two-plate apparatus.

From this diagram it is clearly evident that the saving potential in relation to fire doors using mineral wool according to the invention compared to conventional rock wool is possible and indeed by way of example for two apparent densities. 65 kg / m3 and 90 kg / m3. The same thermal conductivity of 116 mW / mK, which is achieved with conventional rock wool with an apparent density 10 of 65 kg / m3, is obtained with mineral wool according to the invention already with an apparent density of approximately 45 kg / m3, that is, with a weight saving of approximately 31%. Analogously, a weight saving of approximately 33% is obtained with an apparent density of 90 kg / m3 of conventional rock wool by means of mineral wool according to the invention.

Finally, Figure 4 shows for the conventional rock wool mentioned in the description a typical 15-fiber histogram of an interleaved piece of fire, indicating Figure 5 one of the fibers of an interleaved piece of fire according to the invention.

Claims (13)

5 10 fifteen twenty 25 30 35 40 1. Fire door (1) presenting a kind of normative or similar fire resistance, with a frame structure on the peripheral side and covered with steel sheet on both sides (9, 10), between which a piece is placed interspersed firewall (13) with a temperature resistance to meet the requirements of the normative or similar fire resistance classes, which is formed by at least one insulating element in the form of an iron, reinforced by a binder, of soluble mineral fibers in a physiological medium, characterized in that the composition of the mineral fibers of the insulating element has an alkaline / alkaline earth mass ratio <1, and because the fiber structure of the insulating element is determined by an average geometric fiber diameter <4 | im, a proportion of the binder with respect to the mass of the fiber content of the insulating element in the range of 1% to 3% by weight and a density apparent in the range of 60 kg / m3 to 130 kg / m3, the bulk density rising in a fire resistance class T30 or similar to 60 kg / m3 to 80 kg / m3, preferably to 70 kg / m3, in a fire resistance class T60 or similar to 80 kg / m3 to 110 kg / m3, preferably 100 kg / m3, and a fire resistance class T90 or similar to 110 kg / m3 to 130 kg / m3 , preferably at 120 kg / m3. 2. Fire doors according to claim 1, characterized in that the binder is an organic binder, such as phenol-formaldetute resin. 3. Fire door according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the proportion of the binder with respect to the mass of fibers of the insulating element is in the range of 1% to 2% by weight. 4. Fire door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating element has a melting point according to DIN 4102, part 17 of> 1,000 ° C. 5. Fire door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mineral fibers of the insulating element are prepared by internal centrifugation in the centrifugal perforated drum process with a temperature in the centrifugal perforated drum of at least 1,100 ° C. 6. Fire door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in this case the recoil forces measured as compression stress with 10% deformation due to stress according to DIN EN 826 of the insulating element incorporated in the fire door are in one fire resistance class T30 or similar <4 kPa, in a fire resistance class T60 or similar <6 kPa and in a fire resistance class T90 or similar <8 kPa. 7. Fire door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a heat-dehydrating substance, preferably aluminum hydroxide, is integrated in the insulating element. 8. Fire door according to claim 7, characterized in that the dehydrating substance is arranged in at least one discrete layer integrated between the mineral fibers of the insulating element, the discrete layer being preferably configured flat and being arranged parallel to the two surfaces main insulating element. 9. Fire door according to claim 7, characterized in that the dehydrating substance is homogeneously distributed in the insulating element. 10. Fire door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the mineral fibers of the insulating element with respect to its solubility in a physiological environment satisfy the requirements of European Directive 97/69 / EC and / or the requirements of the regulation of hazardous substances German paragraph IV No. 22. 11. Fire door according to claim 10, characterized by the following intervals of the chemical composition of the mineral fibers of the insulating element in% by weight:

 SiO2

 39 - 55% preferably 39 - 52%

 Al2O3

 16-27% preferably 16-26%

 CaO

 6-20% preferably 8 -18%

 MgO

 1-5% preferably 1-4.9%

 Na2O

 0 -15% preferably 2 -12%

 K2O

 0 -15% preferably 2 -12%

 R2O (Na2O + K2O)

 10 -14.7% preferably 10 -13.5%

 P2O5

 0 - 3% in particular 0 - 2%

 Fe2O3 (total iron)

 1.5 -15% in particular 3.2 - 8%

 B2O3

 0 - 2% preferably 0 -1%

 TiO2

 0 - 2% preferably 0.4 -1%

 others

 0 - 2.0%

12. Fire door according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the insulating element has a proportion of pearls <1%. 13. Interleaved firewall for a fire door according to the preamble of claim 1, characterized by an insulating element with the representative features of at least one of the 5 claims 1 to 12.