CA2934256A1 - Membrane electrode assembly and methods of making the same - Google Patents
Membrane electrode assembly and methods of making the same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2934256A1 CA2934256A1 CA2934256A CA2934256A CA2934256A1 CA 2934256 A1 CA2934256 A1 CA 2934256A1 CA 2934256 A CA2934256 A CA 2934256A CA 2934256 A CA2934256 A CA 2934256A CA 2934256 A1 CA2934256 A1 CA 2934256A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- gas diffusion
- diffusion layer
- microporous
- major surface
- catalyst
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 141
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 59
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 154
- 239000012229 microporous material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 124
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000000608 laser ablation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 230000000712 assembly Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 238000000429 assembly Methods 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 117
- 239000005518 polymer electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 16
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 12
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 11
- BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrafluoroethene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)F BFKJFAAPBSQJPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 9
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920002313 fluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- -1 hydrogen ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 3
- QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methylidenebutanoyloxy)ethyl 2-methylidenebutanoate Chemical compound CCC(=C)C(=O)OCCOC(=O)C(=C)CC QLZJUIZVJLSNDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004812 Fluorinated ethylene propylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004831 Hot glue Substances 0.000 description 2
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002390 adhesive tape Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920006244 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005042 ethylene-ethyl acrylate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920009441 perflouroethylene propylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920011301 perfluoro alkoxyl alkane Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920005548 perfluoropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010345 tape casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,1-Difluoroethene Chemical compound FC(F)=C BQCIDUSAKPWEOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BZPCMSSQHRAJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoro-1-(1,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropent-1-enoxy)pent-1-ene Chemical compound FC(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)=C(F)OC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)C(F)(F)F BZPCMSSQHRAJCC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetaminophen Chemical compound CC(=O)NC1=CC=C(O)C=C1 RZVAJINKPMORJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003935 Flemion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000045365 Microporus <basidiomycete fungus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920000557 Nafion® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004820 Pressure-sensitive adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002679 ablation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001252 acrylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000003368 amide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000002518 antifoaming agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N but-3-enoic acid;ethene Chemical compound C=C.OC(=O)CC=C DQXBYHZEEUGOBF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006037 cross link polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007607 die coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003995 emulsifying agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethene;prop-1-ene Chemical group C=C.CC=C HQQADJVZYDDRJT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000840 ethylene tetrafluoroethylene copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005038 ethylene vinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexafluoropropylene Chemical group FC(F)=C(F)C(F)(F)F HCDGVLDPFQMKDK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000012943 hotmelt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005462 imide group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical group C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001200 poly(ethylene-vinyl acetate) Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052707 ruthenium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002562 thickening agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0271—Sealing or supporting means around electrodes, matrices or membranes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
- H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
- H01M4/881—Electrolytic membranes
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/023—Porous and characterised by the material
- H01M8/0234—Carbonaceous material
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0247—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the form
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/02—Details
- H01M8/0202—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors
- H01M8/0258—Collectors; Separators, e.g. bipolar separators; Interconnectors characterised by the configuration of channels, e.g. by the flow field of the reactant or coolant
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
- H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Inert Electrodes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201361917135P | 2013-12-17 | 2013-12-17 | |
| US61/917,135 | 2013-12-17 | ||
| PCT/US2014/069475 WO2015094845A1 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2014-12-10 | Membrane electrode assembly and methods of making the same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2934256A1 true CA2934256A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
Family
ID=52293201
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA2934256A Abandoned CA2934256A1 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2014-12-10 | Membrane electrode assembly and methods of making the same |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US10361441B2 (enExample) |
| EP (1) | EP3084858A1 (enExample) |
| JP (1) | JP2017501544A (enExample) |
| KR (1) | KR20160099598A (enExample) |
| CN (1) | CN105849934A (enExample) |
| CA (1) | CA2934256A1 (enExample) |
| WO (1) | WO2015094845A1 (enExample) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP3472885A4 (en) * | 2016-06-15 | 2020-06-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | COMPONENT OF A MEMBRANE ELECTRODE ARRANGEMENT AND METHOD FOR PRODUCING AN ARRANGEMENT |
Family Cites Families (25)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6849135B2 (en) * | 2002-03-27 | 2005-02-01 | Darren Jones | Cloth accessory |
| US8007949B2 (en) * | 2002-10-08 | 2011-08-30 | Bhaskar Sompalli | Edge-protected catalyst-coated diffusion media and membrane electrode assemblies |
| US6624328B1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2003-09-23 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Preparation of perfluorinated vinyl ethers having a sulfonyl fluoride end-group |
| US20040116742A1 (en) | 2002-12-17 | 2004-06-17 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Selective reaction of hexafluoropropylene oxide with perfluoroacyl fluorides |
| US7348088B2 (en) | 2002-12-19 | 2008-03-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polymer electrolyte membrane |
| WO2004086543A2 (en) | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-07 | E.I. Du Pont Canada Company | Electrochemical cell component |
| GB0319780D0 (en) | 2003-08-22 | 2003-09-24 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Membrane electrode assembly |
| US20050064275A1 (en) | 2003-09-18 | 2005-03-24 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Fuel cell gas diffusion layer |
| CA2539602C (en) | 2003-09-20 | 2013-10-29 | Heiko Oschmann | Catalyst-coated membrane with integrated sealing material and membrane-electrode assembly produced therefrom |
| US20060127738A1 (en) | 2004-12-13 | 2006-06-15 | Bhaskar Sompalli | Design, method and process for unitized mea |
| JP4882314B2 (ja) * | 2005-08-31 | 2012-02-22 | 日産自動車株式会社 | 電解質膜−電極接合体およびその製造方法 |
| JP5326185B2 (ja) * | 2005-09-28 | 2013-10-30 | 日産自動車株式会社 | ガス拡散電極用材料及びその製造方法 |
| DE102006004748A1 (de) | 2006-02-02 | 2007-08-16 | Umicore Ag & Co. Kg | Membran-Elektroden-Einheit mit mehrkomponentigem Dichtungsrand |
| US7413826B2 (en) | 2006-02-16 | 2008-08-19 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | Anode electrodes for direct oxidation fuel cells and systems operating with concentrated liquid fuel |
| CN101106264B (zh) * | 2006-07-14 | 2010-12-22 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | 电子设备防水自动保护装置 |
| US20100216048A1 (en) * | 2006-10-02 | 2010-08-26 | Basf Se | Method for the production of a membrane electrode unit |
| US9172106B2 (en) * | 2006-11-09 | 2015-10-27 | GM Global Technology Operations LLC | Fuel cell microporous layer with microchannels |
| US8288059B2 (en) | 2006-12-15 | 2012-10-16 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Processing methods and systems for assembling fuel cell perimeter gaskets |
| TWI334237B (en) | 2007-01-05 | 2010-12-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Gas diffusion layer, manufacturing apparatus and manufacturing method thereof |
| US20080206615A1 (en) | 2007-02-22 | 2008-08-28 | Paul Nicotera | Gas diffusion layer with controlled diffusivity over active area |
| GB0718620D0 (en) | 2007-09-25 | 2007-10-31 | Johnson Matthey Plc | Membrane electrode assembly |
| JP2009245848A (ja) * | 2008-03-31 | 2009-10-22 | Toshiba Corp | 燃料電池システム |
| KR20100004495A (ko) | 2008-07-04 | 2010-01-13 | 현대자동차주식회사 | 연료전지 스택의 막-전극 접합체와 가스확산층간의 접합방법 |
| EP2800180B1 (en) | 2011-12-26 | 2018-03-07 | Toray Industries, Inc. | Gas diffusion electrode substrate for fuel cell, membrane electrode assembly, and fuel cell |
| WO2015095021A1 (en) | 2013-12-17 | 2015-06-25 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Membrane electrode assembly and methods of making the same |
-
2014
- 2014-12-10 CN CN201480069221.2A patent/CN105849934A/zh active Pending
- 2014-12-10 JP JP2016541357A patent/JP2017501544A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2014-12-10 WO PCT/US2014/069475 patent/WO2015094845A1/en not_active Ceased
- 2014-12-10 KR KR1020167018096A patent/KR20160099598A/ko not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-10 EP EP14824639.0A patent/EP3084858A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2014-12-10 CA CA2934256A patent/CA2934256A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2014-12-10 US US15/105,170 patent/US10361441B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US10361441B2 (en) | 2019-07-23 |
| EP3084858A1 (en) | 2016-10-26 |
| CN105849934A (zh) | 2016-08-10 |
| WO2015094845A1 (en) | 2015-06-25 |
| US20160322651A1 (en) | 2016-11-03 |
| JP2017501544A (ja) | 2017-01-12 |
| KR20160099598A (ko) | 2016-08-22 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| FZDE | Dead |
Effective date: 20191210 |