CA2575008A1 - Method for passivating metallic surfaces by using itaconic acid homopolymers or copolymers - Google Patents
Method for passivating metallic surfaces by using itaconic acid homopolymers or copolymers Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CA2575008A1 CA2575008A1 CA002575008A CA2575008A CA2575008A1 CA 2575008 A1 CA2575008 A1 CA 2575008A1 CA 002575008 A CA002575008 A CA 002575008A CA 2575008 A CA2575008 A CA 2575008A CA 2575008 A1 CA2575008 A1 CA 2575008A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- weight
- copolymer
- process according
- itaconic acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 66
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N methylenebutanedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)CC(=C)C(O)=O LVHBHZANLOWSRM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 title abstract description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 70
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 60
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 51
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 34
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 32
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 29
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)C=C ZTWTYVWXUKTLCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000002763 monocarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910001335 Galvanized steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000008397 galvanized steel Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010526 radical polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- BJFLSHMHTPAZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound [CH]1C=CC=C2N=NN=C21 BJFLSHMHTPAZHO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 abstract description 26
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 52
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 29
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 27
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 27
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 23
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 23
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 21
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 18
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 16
- 229910001297 Zn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 16
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- -1 hexafluoro anions Chemical class 0.000 description 14
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 14
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
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- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 10
- CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium persulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O CHQMHPLRPQMAMX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 10
- 239000004971 Cross linker Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 8
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 7
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 description 7
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 description 6
- SFLRURCEBYIKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butyl-2-[[1-(butylamino)-2-methyl-1-oxopropan-2-yl]diazenyl]-2-methylpropanamide Chemical compound CCCCNC(=O)C(C)(C)N=NC(C)(C)C(=O)NCCCC SFLRURCEBYIKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(6+) Chemical compound [Cr+6] JOPOVCBBYLSVDA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000000896 monocarboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 5
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N Fumaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C\C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-OWOJBTEDSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Isopropanol Chemical compound CC(C)O KFZMGEQAYNKOFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000003125 aqueous solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 4
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate heptahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O.[Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O SURQXAFEQWPFPV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N methanoic acid Natural products OC=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 4
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012966 redox initiator Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 3
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N chromium(3+) Chemical compound [Cr+3] BFGKITSFLPAWGI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004132 cross linking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 150000001991 dicarboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 3
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- 229940052303 ethers for general anesthesia Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005246 galvanizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
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- 238000000655 nuclear magnetic resonance spectrum Methods 0.000 description 3
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- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000007342 radical addition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 125000000391 vinyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 3
- URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]ethyl-(2-hydroxyethyl)amino]acetic acid Chemical compound OCCN(CC(O)=O)CCN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O URDCARMUOSMFFI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CIEZZGWIJBXOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[bis(carboxymethyl)amino]propanoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(C)N(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O CIEZZGWIJBXOTE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-(3-methoxyphenyl)aniline Chemical compound COC1=CC=CC(C=2C=CC(N)=CC=2)=C1 OSWFIVFLDKOXQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetophenone Chemical compound CC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KWOLFJPFCHCOCG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N Ascorbic acid Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)C(O)=C1O CIWBSHSKHKDKBQ-JLAZNSOCSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Nitrilotris(methylene)]trisphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CN(CP(O)(O)=O)CP(O)(O)=O YDONNITUKPKTIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrilotriacetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CN(CC(O)=O)CC(O)=O MGFYIUFZLHCRTH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002829 nitrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N octanoyl octaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(=O)CCCCCCC SRSFOMHQIATOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002347 octyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000000466 oxiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000005385 peroxodisulfate group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 150000003009 phosphonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000768 polyamine Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000151 polyglycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010695 polyglycol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- QROGIFZRVHSFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-1-enylbenzene Chemical compound CC=CC1=CC=CC=C1 QROGIFZRVHSFLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-ene-1-sulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)CC=C UIIIBRHUICCMAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RZKYDQNMAUSEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N prop-2-enylphosphonic acid Chemical compound OP(O)(=O)CC=C RZKYDQNMAUSEDZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DQJSKCFIYCTPBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-2-yl n-(propan-2-yloxycarbonylamino)peroxycarbamate Chemical compound CC(C)OC(=O)NOONC(=O)OC(C)C DQJSKCFIYCTPBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001294 propane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003254 radicals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001226 reprecipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012487 rinsing solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013000 roll bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium disulfite Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S(=O)S([O-])(=O)=O HRZFUMHJMZEROT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000010262 sodium metabisulphite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBOFDBONKAERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium;sulfenatooxymethanol Chemical compound [Na+].OCOS[O-] VBOFDBONKAERAE-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000011877 solvent mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001694 spray drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003460 sulfonic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- KQYLUTYUZIVHND-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethyloctaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCCC(C)(C)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C KQYLUTYUZIVHND-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2,2-dimethylpropaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C(C)(C)C OPQYOFWUFGEMRZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl 2-ethylhexaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCC(CC)C(=O)OOC(C)(C)C WYKYCHHWIJXDAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl benzenecarboperoxoate Chemical compound CC(C)(C)OOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 GJBRNHKUVLOCEB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl ethaneperoxoate Chemical compound CC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C SWAXTRYEYUTSAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000000999 tert-butyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C(*)(C([H])([H])[H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- BWSZXUOMATYHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N tert-butyl octaneperoxoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC(=O)OOC(C)(C)C BWSZXUOMATYHHI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetraethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCO UWHCKJMYHZGTIT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000001730 thiiranyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-crotonic acid Natural products CC=CC(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000003623 transition metal compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910001428 transition metal ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000003624 transition metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 125000005270 trialkylamine group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N trioxidane Chemical compound OOO JSPLKZUTYZBBKA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical class [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001456 vanadium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920001567 vinyl ester resin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960000834 vinyl ether Drugs 0.000 description 1
- NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinylsulfonic acid Chemical compound OS(=O)(=O)C=C NLVXSWCKKBEXTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
- LJFCDOMDEACIMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N zinc chromium(3+) oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Cr+3].[Zn+2] LJFCDOMDEACIMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N β‐Mercaptoethanol Chemical compound OCCS DGVVWUTYPXICAM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/82—After-treatment
- C23C22/83—Chemical after-treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09D—COATING COMPOSITIONS, e.g. PAINTS, VARNISHES OR LACQUERS; FILLING PASTES; CHEMICAL PAINT OR INK REMOVERS; INKS; CORRECTING FLUIDS; WOODSTAINS; PASTES OR SOLIDS FOR COLOURING OR PRINTING; USE OF MATERIALS THEREFOR
- C09D5/00—Coating compositions, e.g. paints, varnishes or lacquers, characterised by their physical nature or the effects produced; Filling pastes
- C09D5/08—Anti-corrosive paints
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/07—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 containing phosphates
- C23C22/08—Orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/53—Treatment of zinc or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/05—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions
- C23C22/06—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6
- C23C22/48—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals using aqueous solutions using aqueous acidic solutions with pH less than 6 not containing phosphates, hexavalent chromium compounds, fluorides or complex fluorides, molybdates, tungstates, vanadates or oxalates
- C23C22/56—Treatment of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C22/00—Chemical surface treatment of metallic material by reaction of the surface with a reactive liquid, leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, e.g. conversion coatings, passivation of metals
- C23C22/78—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Addition Polymer Or Copolymer, Post-Treatments, Or Chemical Modifications (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102004041142A DE102004041142A1 (de) | 2004-08-24 | 2004-08-24 | Verfahren zum Passivieren von metallischen Oberflächen unter Verwendung von Itaconsäure Homo- oder Copolymeren |
| DE102004041142.5 | 2004-08-24 | ||
| PCT/EP2005/008445 WO2006021309A1 (de) | 2004-08-24 | 2005-08-04 | Verfahren zum passivieren von metallischen oberflächen unter verwendung von itaconsäure homo- oder copolymeren |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2575008A1 true CA2575008A1 (en) | 2006-03-02 |
Family
ID=35207887
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002575008A Abandoned CA2575008A1 (en) | 2004-08-24 | 2005-08-04 | Method for passivating metallic surfaces by using itaconic acid homopolymers or copolymers |
Country Status (7)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20090007990A1 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1786953A1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4514794B2 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN100554509C (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2575008A1 (de) |
| DE (1) | DE102004041142A1 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2006021309A1 (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU2008248694B2 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2012-10-04 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Preliminary metallizing treatment of zinc surfaces |
| US8420174B2 (en) | 2005-08-16 | 2013-04-16 | Basf Se | Polymer composition for corrosion protection |
Families Citing this family (30)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP1976893B1 (de) * | 2006-01-09 | 2010-05-19 | Basf Se | Verfahren zur behandlung von oberflächen |
| CN101495676B (zh) * | 2006-07-25 | 2011-07-20 | 巴斯夫欧洲公司 | 利用具有磷酸和/或膦酸基团的共聚物钝化金属表面的方法 |
| DE102006046797A1 (de) * | 2006-09-29 | 2008-04-03 | Josef Schiele Ohg | Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Bandbeschichtung von variablen Werkstücken in einer Vakuumbeschichtungsvorrichtung |
| EP2207822A4 (de) * | 2007-11-09 | 2012-04-11 | Procter & Gamble | Reinigungszusammensetzungen mit monocarbonsäuremonomeren, dicarbonsäuremonomeren und monomeren mit sulfonsäuregruppen |
| WO2009060965A1 (en) * | 2007-11-09 | 2009-05-14 | Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd. | Copolymer composition and method of producing the composition |
| WO2010046243A1 (de) * | 2008-10-20 | 2010-04-29 | Basf Se | Kontinuierliches verfahren zur oberflächenbehandlung von metallbändern |
| DE102010001686A1 (de) * | 2010-02-09 | 2011-08-11 | Henkel AG & Co. KGaA, 40589 | Zusammensetzung für die alkalische Passivierung von Zinkoberflächen |
| JPWO2011145594A1 (ja) * | 2010-05-21 | 2013-07-22 | 貴和化学薬品株式会社 | クロムフリー金属表面処理剤及びこれを使用する金属表面処理方法 |
| JP2013540202A (ja) * | 2010-10-05 | 2013-10-31 | ビーエーエスエフ ソシエタス・ヨーロピア | 金属表面を不動態化する方法 |
| WO2012075245A1 (en) * | 2010-12-02 | 2012-06-07 | Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. | Polymers derived from itaconic acid |
| US8734949B2 (en) | 2011-08-10 | 2014-05-27 | Basf Se | Method for passivating metallic surfaces using carboxylate-containing copolymers |
| WO2013020771A1 (de) | 2011-08-10 | 2013-02-14 | Basf Se | Zubereitung von itaconsäure homo- oder copolymeren und amin- oder amidhaltigen alkoholen für die metalloberflächenbehandlung |
| AU2012293631A1 (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2014-02-27 | Basf Se | Method for passivating metal surfaces using carboxylate-containing copolymers |
| US20130037175A1 (en) * | 2011-08-10 | 2013-02-14 | Basf Se | Preparation of itaconic acid homo- or copolymers and amine- or amide- containing alcohols for metal surface treatment |
| EP2773795B1 (de) * | 2011-11-03 | 2015-10-14 | Basf Se | Zubereitung zur passivierung von metallischen oberflächen enthaltend säuregruppenhaltige polymere und ti- oder zr-verbindungen |
| EP2617866A1 (de) | 2012-01-23 | 2013-07-24 | Merz Pharma GmbH & Co. KGaA | Verfahren und Zusammensetzung zur Aufbereitung medizinischer Instrumente |
| CN112662976A (zh) * | 2012-10-18 | 2021-04-16 | 蓝野钢铁有限公司 | 形成金属合金镀覆钢带的方法 |
| CN110105480A (zh) * | 2013-03-15 | 2019-08-09 | 路博润先进材料公司 | 衣康酸聚合物 |
| US20140296463A1 (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-02 | Lubrizol Advanced Materials, Inc. | Polymers derived from itaconic acid |
| EP2818513B1 (de) | 2013-06-25 | 2015-12-23 | Lanxess Elastomers B.V. | Ölgestrecktes, nichtkonjugiertes Ethylen-Alpha-Olefin-Dien-Copolymer |
| JP6586266B2 (ja) * | 2014-01-31 | 2019-10-02 | 貴和化学薬品株式会社 | 金属表面処理剤 |
| ES2823562T3 (es) * | 2014-03-14 | 2021-05-07 | Lubrizol Advanced Mat Inc | Polímeros y copolímeros de ácido itacónico |
| CN107532308A (zh) | 2015-05-01 | 2018-01-02 | 诺维尔里斯公司 | 连续卷材预处理方法 |
| JP2018028115A (ja) * | 2016-08-15 | 2018-02-22 | 国立大学法人広島大学 | めっき基材の修復剤および修復方法ならびにめっき基材 |
| EP3818191A1 (de) * | 2018-07-05 | 2021-05-12 | Chemetall GmbH | Verfahren zur behandlung von metallischen oberflächen mit einer sauren wässrigen zusammensetzung und einer nachspülzusammensetzung zur verbesserung der korrosionsbeständigkeit |
| CN113122031A (zh) * | 2019-12-31 | 2021-07-16 | 江苏苏博特新材料股份有限公司 | 一种原位聚合型金属腐蚀抑制剂及其应用 |
| KR20250139812A (ko) * | 2022-12-27 | 2025-09-23 | 니뽄 페인트 서프 케미컬즈 컴퍼니 리미티드 | 크롬-프리 기판 처리제 |
| WO2025073727A1 (en) * | 2023-10-03 | 2025-04-10 | Specialty Operations France | Use of a composition for improving adhesive bonding of surfaces, process for bonding surfaces |
| CN118895504A (zh) * | 2024-03-13 | 2024-11-05 | 四川和晟达电子科技有限公司 | 一种Cu、MoNbCu、MTDCuMo用无氟蚀刻液及其制备方法 |
| WO2026012289A1 (en) * | 2024-07-10 | 2026-01-15 | Specialty Operations France | Process for treating a metal substrate and treated metal obtained by the same |
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| BE759535A (fr) * | 1969-11-28 | 1971-05-27 | Celanese Coatings Co | Procede et bain de revetement d'un substrat metallique |
| US3806367A (en) * | 1972-06-01 | 1974-04-23 | Bitz Lab Inc | Acrylamido-sulfonic acid polymers and their use as rust and tubercle removing agents |
| DE2643422A1 (de) * | 1976-09-21 | 1978-03-30 | Kurita Water Ind Ltd | Wasserbehandlungsmittel und verfahren zur behandlung von wasser |
| DE3033121A1 (de) * | 1980-09-03 | 1982-04-22 | Basf Ag, 6700 Ludwigshafen | Waessrige emulgatorarme dispersionen von carboxylgruppen aufweisenden butadien-styrol-emulsionscopolymerisaten und ihre verwendung als bindemittel fuer korrosionsschutzfarben |
| US4384902A (en) * | 1981-06-15 | 1983-05-24 | Occidental Chemical Corporation | Trivalent chromium passivate composition and process |
| JPS5881494A (ja) * | 1981-11-11 | 1983-05-16 | Toagosei Chem Ind Co Ltd | 水処理剤組成物 |
| GB8400848D0 (en) * | 1984-01-13 | 1984-02-15 | Ciba Geigy Ag | Cotelomer compounds |
| FR2630728B1 (fr) * | 1988-05-02 | 1991-07-05 | Coatex Sa | Agent inhibiteur d'entartrage et de corrosion pour le traitement des eaux et/ou milieux aqueux |
| EP0516382B1 (de) * | 1991-05-31 | 1997-02-26 | Calgon Corporation | Polyether-Polyamino-Methylenphosphonaten zur Kontrolle von Ablagerungen bei hohem pH-Wert |
| US6335404B1 (en) * | 1994-04-05 | 2002-01-01 | Rohm And Haas Company | Aqueous process for preparing aqueous weight carboxyl containing polymers |
| DE19615664A1 (de) * | 1996-04-19 | 1997-10-23 | Surtec Produkte Und Systeme Fu | Chrom(VI)freie Chromatschicht sowie Verfahren zu ihrer Herstellung |
| BR9813045A (pt) * | 1997-10-14 | 2000-11-21 | Henkel Corp | Processo para formação sobre uma superfìcie metálica de um revestimento sólido aderente, e, composição de concentrado de reposição primária |
| WO2001031083A1 (en) * | 1999-10-22 | 2001-05-03 | Kawasaki Steel Corporation | Composition for metal surface treatment and surface treated metallic material |
| JP4226770B2 (ja) * | 1999-10-22 | 2009-02-18 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | 金属表面処理組成物 |
| JP4449126B2 (ja) * | 1999-11-30 | 2010-04-14 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | 金属表面処理組成物 |
| JP2001335954A (ja) * | 2000-05-31 | 2001-12-07 | Nippon Parkerizing Co Ltd | 金属表面処理剤、金属表面処理方法及び表面処理金属材料 |
| JP2003027202A (ja) * | 2001-07-11 | 2003-01-29 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | 耐端面錆性に優れる表面処理鋼板 |
| JP4115132B2 (ja) * | 2002-01-11 | 2008-07-09 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 臭い成分のつきにくいアルミニウム合金製熱交換器 |
| BRPI0407625B1 (pt) * | 2003-02-24 | 2013-07-09 | composição para tratar superfícies metálicas, camada passivadora sobre uma superfície metálica, superfície, processo para formar uma camada passivadora sobre uma superfície metálica, uso de uma composição, sistema em uma superfície metálica, e, processo para formar um sistema de revestimento |
-
2004
- 2004-08-24 DE DE102004041142A patent/DE102004041142A1/de not_active Withdrawn
-
2005
- 2005-08-04 US US11/574,021 patent/US20090007990A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-04 CN CNB2005800280976A patent/CN100554509C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-08-04 CA CA002575008A patent/CA2575008A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2005-08-04 WO PCT/EP2005/008445 patent/WO2006021309A1/de not_active Ceased
- 2005-08-04 EP EP05781183A patent/EP1786953A1/de not_active Withdrawn
- 2005-08-04 JP JP2007528660A patent/JP4514794B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8420174B2 (en) | 2005-08-16 | 2013-04-16 | Basf Se | Polymer composition for corrosion protection |
| AU2008248694B2 (en) * | 2007-05-04 | 2012-10-04 | Henkel Ag & Co. Kgaa | Preliminary metallizing treatment of zinc surfaces |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101006201A (zh) | 2007-07-25 |
| DE102004041142A1 (de) | 2006-03-02 |
| EP1786953A1 (de) | 2007-05-23 |
| JP2008510603A (ja) | 2008-04-10 |
| WO2006021309A1 (de) | 2006-03-02 |
| CN100554509C (zh) | 2009-10-28 |
| US20090007990A1 (en) | 2009-01-08 |
| JP4514794B2 (ja) | 2010-07-28 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| FZDE | Discontinued |