CA2174520C - Fluorine cell - Google Patents
Fluorine cellInfo
- Publication number
- CA2174520C CA2174520C CA002174520A CA2174520A CA2174520C CA 2174520 C CA2174520 C CA 2174520C CA 002174520 A CA002174520 A CA 002174520A CA 2174520 A CA2174520 A CA 2174520A CA 2174520 C CA2174520 C CA 2174520C
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- cell
- fluorine
- electrolyte
- compartment
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 95
- YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine atom Chemical compound [F] YCKRFDGAMUMZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 57
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 17
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007750 plasma spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010285 flame spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005240 physical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005530 etching Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 69
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 6
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910001209 Low-carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910000040 hydrogen fluoride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000003466 anti-cipated effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910021385 hard carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000006798 recombination Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005215 recombination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 2
- DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-(5-carboxythiophen-2-yl)thiophene-2-carboxylic acid Chemical compound S1C(C(=O)O)=CC=C1C1=CC=C(C(O)=O)S1 DDFHBQSCUXNBSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000792 Monel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003486 chemical etching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005229 chemical vapour deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001595 contractor effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000881 depressing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001973 fluoroelastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011031 large-scale manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011244 liquid electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-[4-[4-(dinaphthalen-2-ylamino)phenyl]phenyl]-n-naphthalen-2-ylnaphthalen-2-amine Chemical compound C1=CC=CC2=CC(N(C=3C=CC(=CC=3)C=3C=CC(=CC=3)N(C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C=3C=C4C=CC=CC4=CC=3)C3=CC4=CC=CC=C4C=C3)=CC=C21 QKCGXXHCELUCKW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012261 overproduction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/17—Cells comprising dimensionally-stable non-movable electrodes; Assemblies of constructional parts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B1/00—Electrolytic production of inorganic compounds or non-metals
- C25B1/01—Products
- C25B1/24—Halogens or compounds thereof
- C25B1/245—Fluorine; Compounds thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B11/00—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for
- C25B11/04—Electrodes; Manufacture thereof not otherwise provided for characterised by the material
- C25B11/042—Electrodes formed of a single material
- C25B11/043—Carbon, e.g. diamond or graphene
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B15/00—Operating or servicing cells
- C25B15/02—Process control or regulation
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/63—Holders for electrodes; Positioning of the electrodes
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Hybrid Cells (AREA)
- Glass Compositions (AREA)
- Primary Cells (AREA)
- Lubricants (AREA)
- Apparatus Associated With Microorganisms And Enzymes (AREA)
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Macromolecular Shaped Articles (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
- Insulated Conductors (AREA)
- Developing Agents For Electrophotography (AREA)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002238142A CA2238142A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
| CA002221161A CA2221161A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB9418598A GB9418598D0 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1994-09-14 | Fluorine cell |
| GB9418598.0 | 1994-09-14 | ||
| PCT/GB1995/002145 WO1996008589A2 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell |
Related Child Applications (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002221161A Division CA2221161A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
| CA002238142A Division CA2238142A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2174520A1 CA2174520A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
| CA2174520C true CA2174520C (en) | 1999-07-06 |
Family
ID=10761369
Family Applications (3)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002174520A Expired - Fee Related CA2174520C (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell |
| CA002238142A Abandoned CA2238142A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
| CA002221161A Abandoned CA2221161A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
Family Applications After (2)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA002238142A Abandoned CA2238142A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
| CA002221161A Abandoned CA2221161A1 (en) | 1994-09-14 | 1995-09-11 | Fluorine cell anode |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5688384A (de) |
| EP (3) | EP0728228B1 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP3769017B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100390139B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1137808A (de) |
| AT (3) | ATE207980T1 (de) |
| CA (3) | CA2174520C (de) |
| DE (3) | DE69523560T2 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB9418598D0 (de) |
| WO (1) | WO1996008589A2 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA957669B (de) |
Families Citing this family (38)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6210549B1 (en) | 1998-11-13 | 2001-04-03 | Larry A. Tharp | Fluorine gas generation system |
| JP4805460B2 (ja) * | 1999-03-04 | 2011-11-02 | サーフィス テクノロジー システムズ ピーエルシー | 反応プロセスガス生成方法及びシステム |
| KR100804853B1 (ko) * | 1999-03-04 | 2008-02-20 | 서페이스 테크놀로지 시스템스 피엘씨 | 삼불화염소가스발생기시스템 |
| FR2795817B1 (fr) * | 1999-07-02 | 2001-08-10 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Sonde capacitive de mesure du niveau d'un liquide conducteur de l'electricite dans un recipient et procede de fabrication d'une telle sonde |
| US6500356B2 (en) * | 2000-03-27 | 2002-12-31 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Selectively etching silicon using fluorine without plasma |
| US20030010354A1 (en) | 2000-03-27 | 2003-01-16 | Applied Materials, Inc. | Fluorine process for cleaning semiconductor process chamber |
| US6818105B2 (en) * | 2000-04-07 | 2004-11-16 | Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. | Apparatus for generating fluorine gas |
| US6843258B2 (en) | 2000-12-19 | 2005-01-18 | Applied Materials, Inc. | On-site cleaning gas generation for process chamber cleaning |
| US20030098038A1 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2003-05-29 | Siegele Stephen H. | System and method for on-site generation and distribution of fluorine for fabrication processes |
| US20030121796A1 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2003-07-03 | Siegele Stephen H | Generation and distribution of molecular fluorine within a fabrication facility |
| US20040037768A1 (en) * | 2001-11-26 | 2004-02-26 | Robert Jackson | Method and system for on-site generation and distribution of a process gas |
| JP3725822B2 (ja) * | 2001-12-27 | 2005-12-14 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・ア・ディレクトワール・エ・コンセイユ・ドゥ・スールベイランス・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | フッ素ガス生成及び供給装置 |
| EP1367149B1 (de) | 2002-05-29 | 2011-11-16 | Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von Fluorgas |
| GB0215697D0 (en) * | 2002-07-06 | 2002-08-14 | Boc Group Plc | Fluorine cell |
| JP3905433B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-11 | 2007-04-18 | レール・リキード−ソシエテ・アノニム・ア・ディレクトワール・エ・コンセイユ・ドゥ・スールベイランス・プール・レテュード・エ・レクスプロワタシオン・デ・プロセデ・ジョルジュ・クロード | フッ素ガス生成装置 |
| KR101089623B1 (ko) * | 2002-10-04 | 2011-12-06 | 더 리전츠 오브 더 유니버시티 오브 캘리포니아 | 불소 분리 및 발생 장치 |
| KR100533411B1 (ko) * | 2002-11-08 | 2005-12-02 | 도요탄소 가부시키가이샤 | 불소가스 발생장치와 그 전해욕 액면 제어방법 |
| JP3527735B1 (ja) | 2002-11-20 | 2004-05-17 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | フッ素ガス発生装置 |
| JP3725145B2 (ja) * | 2003-07-14 | 2005-12-07 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | 溶融塩電解浴の制御装置及びその制御方法 |
| US20100147231A1 (en) * | 2005-04-15 | 2010-06-17 | Timothy Donald Bogers | Electrolytic Cell for an Internal Combustion Engine |
| CN101248216B (zh) | 2005-08-25 | 2010-06-16 | 东洋炭素株式会社 | 氟系气体产生装置 |
| US20070074743A1 (en) * | 2005-10-04 | 2007-04-05 | Mcfarlane Graham | H2 conditioning of chamber following cleaning cycle |
| WO2007083740A1 (ja) * | 2006-01-20 | 2007-07-26 | Toyo Tanso Co., Ltd. | フッ素又は三フッ化窒素を製造するための電解装置 |
| JP5567375B2 (ja) * | 2010-04-14 | 2014-08-06 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | 気体発生装置および気体発生方法 |
| CN101949025A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-01-19 | 天津市泰旭物流有限公司 | 一种采用电解合成法生产六氟化硫的技术 |
| CN101949024A (zh) * | 2010-10-18 | 2011-01-19 | 天津市泰旭物流有限公司 | 电解氟化钾一氟化氢制备氟气的技术 |
| TWI551730B (zh) * | 2010-11-17 | 2016-10-01 | 首威公司 | 電解器設備 |
| JP5824256B2 (ja) * | 2011-06-29 | 2015-11-25 | 東洋炭素株式会社 | 電解装置 |
| CN102337491A (zh) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-02-01 | 核工业理化工程研究院华核新技术开发公司 | 制氟用碳阳极的热喷涂处理方法 |
| WO2013092773A1 (en) | 2011-12-22 | 2013-06-27 | Solvay Sa | Liquid level control in an electrolytic cell for the generation of fluorine |
| US9757775B2 (en) * | 2012-09-10 | 2017-09-12 | Solvay Sa | Chamber cleaning method using F2 and a process for manufacture of F2 for this method |
| CN106637284B (zh) * | 2016-12-28 | 2018-07-06 | 中核四0四有限公司 | 一种中温电解制氟用炭阳极板螺孔浸渍方法及装置 |
| CN107201530A (zh) * | 2017-05-10 | 2017-09-26 | 东北大学 | 一种碱土金属氯化物溶液隔膜电解制备氢氧化物的方法 |
| JP7023280B2 (ja) * | 2017-06-30 | 2022-02-21 | 昭和電工株式会社 | フッ素電解槽陽極取り付け部、フッ素電解槽、及びフッ素ガスの製造方法 |
| JP7428126B2 (ja) * | 2018-08-03 | 2024-02-06 | 株式会社レゾナック | 電解合成用陽極、及び、フッ素ガス又は含フッ素化合物の製造方法 |
| WO2020085066A1 (ja) * | 2018-10-24 | 2020-04-30 | 昭和電工株式会社 | フッ素ガス製造装置 |
| CN111005032A (zh) * | 2019-12-26 | 2020-04-14 | 福建德尔科技有限公司 | 一种便携式全自动高纯氟气生产装置系统 |
| WO2022055528A1 (en) | 2020-09-08 | 2022-03-17 | Versum Materials Us, Llc | Electrode attachment assembly, cell and method of use |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3616436A (en) * | 1967-06-13 | 1971-10-26 | Georg Haas | Oxygen stream dispenser |
| NL170314C (nl) * | 1970-06-01 | 1982-10-18 | Montedison Spa | Electrolysecel voor de bereiding van fluor. |
| US4002552A (en) * | 1975-09-19 | 1977-01-11 | Trienco, Inc. | Liquid level control system |
| FR2349667A1 (fr) * | 1976-04-26 | 1977-11-25 | Solvay | Cellule d'electrolyse a diaphragme |
| GB2135334A (en) * | 1983-02-24 | 1984-08-30 | British Nuclear Fuels Plc | Composite carbon electrode |
| US5037518A (en) * | 1989-09-08 | 1991-08-06 | Packard Instrument Company | Apparatus and method for generating hydrogen and oxygen by electrolytic dissociation of water |
| US5085752A (en) * | 1989-10-26 | 1992-02-04 | Mitsui Toatsu Chemicals, Inc. | Electrolytic cell |
| JPH03232988A (ja) * | 1990-02-06 | 1991-10-16 | Toyo Tanso Kk | 炭素電極ならびにそれを用いるｈｆ含有溶融塩の電解方法及び装置 |
| US5154813A (en) * | 1991-06-10 | 1992-10-13 | Dill Raymond J | Protective coating of stub ends in anode assemblies |
| CA2071235C (en) * | 1991-07-26 | 2004-10-19 | Gerald L. Bauer | Anodic electrode for electrochemical fluorine cell |
-
1994
- 1994-09-14 GB GB9418598A patent/GB9418598D0/en active Pending
-
1995
- 1995-09-11 DE DE69523560T patent/DE69523560T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 CA CA002174520A patent/CA2174520C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1995-09-11 CA CA002238142A patent/CA2238142A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-09-11 EP EP95931296A patent/EP0728228B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 JP JP50998896A patent/JP3769017B2/ja not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 DE DE69527446T patent/DE69527446T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 KR KR1019960702456A patent/KR100390139B1/ko not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 CA CA002221161A patent/CA2221161A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1995-09-11 EP EP98100057A patent/EP0852267B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 EP EP99114648A patent/EP0965661B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 AT AT95931296T patent/ATE207980T1/de active
- 1995-09-11 AT AT99114648T patent/ATE220734T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-09-11 US US08/624,409 patent/US5688384A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 AT AT98100057T patent/ATE231932T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1995-09-11 DE DE69529537T patent/DE69529537T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1995-09-11 WO PCT/GB1995/002145 patent/WO1996008589A2/en not_active Ceased
- 1995-09-11 CN CN95190885A patent/CN1137808A/zh active Pending
- 1995-09-13 ZA ZA957669A patent/ZA957669B/xx unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0965661A3 (de) | 2000-01-19 |
| DE69527446D1 (de) | 2002-08-22 |
| KR100390139B1 (ko) | 2003-11-17 |
| CA2221161A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
| EP0965661A2 (de) | 1999-12-22 |
| WO1996008589A3 (en) | 1996-09-26 |
| ZA957669B (en) | 1996-04-15 |
| DE69529537T2 (de) | 2003-11-06 |
| EP0728228B1 (de) | 2001-10-31 |
| WO1996008589A2 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
| CA2238142A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
| EP0728228A1 (de) | 1996-08-28 |
| ATE207980T1 (de) | 2001-11-15 |
| CA2174520A1 (en) | 1996-03-21 |
| DE69527446T2 (de) | 2003-01-23 |
| US5688384A (en) | 1997-11-18 |
| EP0965661B1 (de) | 2002-07-17 |
| EP0852267A3 (de) | 1998-09-30 |
| GB9418598D0 (en) | 1994-11-02 |
| ATE220734T1 (de) | 2002-08-15 |
| JPH09505853A (ja) | 1997-06-10 |
| JP3769017B2 (ja) | 2006-04-19 |
| EP0852267B1 (de) | 2003-01-29 |
| CN1137808A (zh) | 1996-12-11 |
| KR960705961A (ko) | 1996-11-08 |
| DE69523560D1 (en) | 2001-12-06 |
| EP0852267A2 (de) | 1998-07-08 |
| DE69529537D1 (de) | 2003-03-06 |
| DE69523560T2 (de) | 2002-07-18 |
| ATE231932T1 (de) | 2003-02-15 |
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