CA2037303A1 - Shotcreting process - Google Patents
Shotcreting processInfo
- Publication number
- CA2037303A1 CA2037303A1 CA 2037303 CA2037303A CA2037303A1 CA 2037303 A1 CA2037303 A1 CA 2037303A1 CA 2037303 CA2037303 CA 2037303 CA 2037303 A CA2037303 A CA 2037303A CA 2037303 A1 CA2037303 A1 CA 2037303A1
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- micro
- silica
- water
- concrete
- parts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Abandoned
Links
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910021487 silica fume Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004567 concrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000011378 shotcrete Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L potassium carbonate Substances [K+].[K+].[O-]C([O-])=O BWHMMNNQKKPAPP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 10
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium;oxido(oxo)alumane Chemical compound [K+].[O-][Al]=O KVOIJEARBNBHHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940072033 potash Drugs 0.000 claims description 6
- 235000015320 potassium carbonate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 6
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004354 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019447 hydroxyethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N (2r,3r,4s,5r,6s)-4,5-dimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)-3-[(2s,3r,4s,5r,6r)-3,4,5-trimethoxy-6-(methoxymethyl)oxan-2-yl]oxy-6-[(2r,3r,4s,5r,6r)-4,5,6-trimethoxy-2-(methoxymethyl)oxan-3-yl]oxyoxane Chemical compound CO[C@@H]1[C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)[C@@H](COC)O[C@H]1O[C@H]1[C@H](OC)[C@@H](OC)[C@H](O[C@H]2[C@@H]([C@@H](OC)[C@H](OC)O[C@@H]2COC)OC)O[C@@H]1COC LNAZSHAWQACDHT-XIYTZBAFSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001479 Hydroxyethyl methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethanolamine Chemical compound OCCN(CCO)CCO GSEJCLTVZPLZKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920000609 methyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000001923 methylcellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000010981 methylcellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;sodium;oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Al+3] ANBBXQWFNXMHLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910001388 sodium aluminate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sodium Carbonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]C([O-])=O CDBYLPFSWZWCQE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 6
- AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L calcium dihydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[OH-].[Ca+2] AXCZMVOFGPJBDE-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 5
- 239000000920 calcium hydroxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001861 calcium hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 3
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229940071826 hydroxyethyl cellulose Drugs 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methylpentane-2,4-diol Chemical compound CC(O)CC(C)(C)O SVTBMSDMJJWYQN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000663 Hydroxyethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000011149 active material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000027 potassium carbonate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000011181 potassium carbonates Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001854 alkali hydroxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000008044 alkali metal hydroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100001261 hazardous Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 229940051250 hexylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000010348 incorporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-OUBTZVSYSA-N potassium-40 Chemical group [40K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-OUBTZVSYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B40/00—Processes, in general, for influencing or modifying the properties of mortars, concrete or artificial stone compositions, e.g. their setting or hardening ability
- C04B40/0028—Aspects relating to the mixing step of the mortar preparation
- C04B40/0039—Premixtures of ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B18/00—Use of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse as fillers for mortars, concrete or artificial stone; Treatment of agglomerated or waste materials or refuse, specially adapted to enhance their filling properties in mortars, concrete or artificial stone
- C04B18/04—Waste materials; Refuse
- C04B18/14—Waste materials; Refuse from metallurgical processes
- C04B18/146—Silica fume
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/00034—Physico-chemical characteristics of the mixtures
- C04B2111/00146—Sprayable or pumpable mixtures
- C04B2111/00155—Sprayable, i.e. concrete-like, materials able to be shaped by spraying instead of by casting, e.g. gunite
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
- Aftertreatments Of Artificial And Natural Stones (AREA)
- On-Site Construction Work That Accompanies The Preparation And Application Of Concrete (AREA)
- Application Of Or Painting With Fluid Materials (AREA)
- Paints Or Removers (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DEP4006725.4 | 1990-03-03 | ||
| DE4006725 | 1990-03-03 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA2037303A1 true CA2037303A1 (en) | 1991-09-04 |
Family
ID=6401363
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA 2037303 Abandoned CA2037303A1 (en) | 1990-03-03 | 1991-02-28 | Shotcreting process |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5356671A (en, 2012) |
| JP (1) | JPH05254907A (en, 2012) |
| AT (1) | AT398756B (en, 2012) |
| AU (1) | AU637676B2 (en, 2012) |
| BE (1) | BE1005315A5 (en, 2012) |
| CA (1) | CA2037303A1 (en, 2012) |
| CH (1) | CH681541A5 (en, 2012) |
| ES (1) | ES2027933A6 (en, 2012) |
| FR (1) | FR2659959B1 (en, 2012) |
| GB (1) | GB2241499B (en, 2012) |
| HK (1) | HK148996A (en, 2012) |
| IT (1) | IT1244656B (en, 2012) |
| NO (1) | NO309141B1 (en, 2012) |
| SE (1) | SE9100602L (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (35)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR2673140B1 (fr) * | 1991-02-21 | 1993-07-16 | Total Petroles | Procede pour le melange a sec, sous forme homogene, de ciment et de fumees de silice. |
| NO172631C (no) * | 1991-03-27 | 1993-08-18 | Elkem As | Fremgangsmaate ved sproeytebetongstoeping |
| DE4313770A1 (de) * | 1993-04-27 | 1994-11-03 | Degussa | Spritzbeton und ein Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
| FR2717416A1 (fr) * | 1994-03-21 | 1995-09-22 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procédé de projection de béton par voie humide. |
| DE4412633C1 (de) * | 1994-04-13 | 1995-08-17 | Degussa | Verfahren zum Verhindern der Bildung von SO¶3¶-Nebeln aus Oleum |
| AU6431594A (en) * | 1994-04-18 | 1995-11-10 | Pentti Valoranta | Method for applying a mass onto a substrate |
| WO1996006058A1 (en) * | 1994-08-25 | 1996-02-29 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Shrinkage reduction cement composition |
| US5629048A (en) * | 1994-09-20 | 1997-05-13 | Sandoz Ltd. | Rapid setting cementitious compositions and method |
| FR2724648B1 (fr) * | 1994-09-20 | 1997-09-05 | Sandoz Sa | Controle de l'hydratation de systemes a base de ciment |
| US5591259A (en) * | 1994-09-20 | 1997-01-07 | Sandoz Ltd. | Rapid setting cementitious compositions and method |
| US5624489A (en) * | 1995-01-23 | 1997-04-29 | National Research Council Of Canada | Conversion-preventing additive for high alumina cement products |
| FR2732260B1 (fr) * | 1995-04-03 | 1997-05-09 | Rhone Poulenc Chimie | Procede de projection de beton ou de mortier |
| US5554352A (en) * | 1995-05-09 | 1996-09-10 | Construction Material Resources | Processed silica as a natural pozzolan for use as a cementitious component in concrete and concrete products |
| US5571319A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1996-11-05 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Cement admixture |
| US5622558A (en) * | 1995-09-18 | 1997-04-22 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn | Drying shrinkage cement admixture |
| AT406156B (de) * | 1996-08-13 | 2000-03-27 | Tulln Zuckerforschung Gmbh | Zusatzmittel für spritzbeton |
| DE19645732A1 (de) * | 1996-11-06 | 1998-05-07 | Basf Ag | Pulverförmige Polymerzusammensetzungen |
| GB9703195D0 (en) * | 1997-02-15 | 1997-04-02 | Swaisland Brent | A composition comprising a fine powder |
| AT2081U1 (de) * | 1997-08-29 | 1998-04-27 | Knoch Kern & Co | Hydraulisches bindemittel für mörtel und beton |
| AT405177B (de) * | 1997-08-29 | 1999-06-25 | Knoch Kern & Co | Hydraulisches bindemittel für mörtel und beton |
| CA2254535C (en) | 1998-11-26 | 2003-10-28 | Canpolar East Inc. | Sensor for detection of acceleration and attitude within a vehicle |
| RU2158248C1 (ru) * | 1999-07-01 | 2000-10-27 | Кубанский государственный технологический университет | Комплексная добавка |
| NO316509B1 (no) * | 2002-06-17 | 2004-02-02 | Elkem As | Silisiumoksidslurry og fremgangsmåte for fremstilling av slik slurry |
| US7241338B2 (en) * | 2003-09-30 | 2007-07-10 | The Regents Of The University Of Michigan | Sprayable, strain-hardening cementitious compositions |
| CN101184702B (zh) | 2005-06-02 | 2017-08-08 | Gcp应用技术有限公司 | 源自生物质的助磨剂 |
| US20090075053A1 (en) * | 2007-09-19 | 2009-03-19 | Government Of The United States Of America, As | Concrete Having Increased Service Life and Method of Making |
| JP5364497B2 (ja) * | 2009-08-18 | 2013-12-11 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | 急結性吹付けセメントコンクリートの吹付け工法 |
| US20110150744A1 (en) * | 2009-12-22 | 2011-06-23 | Flsmidth A/S | Method for Drying Potash |
| KR101151907B1 (ko) * | 2011-10-28 | 2012-05-31 | 강원대학교산학협력단 | 고성능 습식 숏크리트 조성물을 이용한 봅슬레이 경기장의 시공방법 |
| US11471998B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2022-10-18 | Global Polishing Systems, Llc | Tools for polishing and refinishing concrete and methods for using the same |
| AU2014212023B2 (en) | 2013-02-01 | 2017-10-12 | Global Polishing Systems LLC | Concrete cutting, polishing and coloring treatment solutions |
| JP6076809B2 (ja) * | 2013-04-12 | 2017-02-08 | アイカ工業株式会社 | 水性塗料組成物及びこれを使用する改修施工方法 |
| JP2019104643A (ja) * | 2017-12-12 | 2019-06-27 | 太平洋マテリアル株式会社 | 乾式吹付工法用水硬性組成物 |
| US11548820B2 (en) * | 2020-03-20 | 2023-01-10 | Michigan Medical Hemp L.L.C. | Systems and methods for sprayable hemp-based compositions |
| CN117466590A (zh) * | 2023-09-25 | 2024-01-30 | 中建商品混凝土江西有限公司 | 一种使用高钙高含粉量自制砂制备的大流态混凝土及其制备方法 |
Family Cites Families (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3503771A (en) * | 1967-07-18 | 1970-03-31 | Kroyer K K K | Synthetic aggregate material and a process for producing same |
| DE2423096C3 (de) * | 1973-05-18 | 1979-04-05 | Shikoku Kaken Kogyo K.K., Ibaragi, Osaka (Japan) | Verfahren zum Herstellen eines anorganischen, porösen Formkörpers |
| DE2629196A1 (de) * | 1976-06-29 | 1978-01-12 | Plibrico Co Gmbh | Verfahren zum herstellen eines betons, mit mindestens einem staubfaehigen zuschlagstoff |
| US4292351A (en) * | 1978-04-28 | 1981-09-29 | Yasuro Ito | Method of blasting concrete |
| US4297309A (en) * | 1978-12-01 | 1981-10-27 | North John W | Process of using and products from fume amorphous silica particulates |
| DK63179A (da) * | 1979-02-14 | 1980-08-15 | Rockwool Int | Fiberarmeret cementprodukt samt fremgangsmaade til fremstilling af samme |
| IE50727B1 (en) * | 1980-02-27 | 1986-06-25 | Pilkington Brothers Ltd | Alkali resistant glass fibres and cementitious products reinforced with such glass fibres |
| US4363666A (en) * | 1981-02-11 | 1982-12-14 | National Gypsum Company | Reinforced cement sheet product containing fibers other than asbestos, clay and thickener |
| US4377415A (en) * | 1981-02-11 | 1983-03-22 | National Gypsum Company | Reinforced cement sheet product containing wollastonite for reduced shrinkage |
| CA1197271A (en) * | 1981-06-08 | 1985-11-26 | Pierre-Claude Aitcin | Agglomerated volatilized silica dust |
| NO153566B (no) * | 1982-12-07 | 1986-01-06 | Elkem As | Tilsetningsblanding for betong og moertel, fremgangsmaate til fremstilling av blandingen, samt anvendelse derav. |
| DE3246604A1 (de) * | 1982-12-16 | 1984-06-20 | Dynamit Nobel Ag, 5210 Troisdorf | Haertbare wasserhaltige formmassen auf basis von anorganischen bestandteilen, daraus hergestellte formkoerper und verfahren zur herstellung der formmasse |
| AT382859B (de) * | 1983-10-07 | 1987-04-27 | Schretter & Cie | Verwendung von gips- und anhydritfreiem zement |
| JPS60151266A (ja) * | 1984-01-18 | 1985-08-09 | 電気化学工業株式会社 | セメント混和材及びその製法 |
| NO154801C (no) * | 1984-04-12 | 1986-12-29 | Elkem As | Frittrennende silicastoevgranuler. |
| GB8421605D0 (en) * | 1984-08-24 | 1984-09-26 | Marley Roof Tile | Lightweight concrete roof tiles |
| US4707453A (en) * | 1985-04-05 | 1987-11-17 | Becton Dickinson And Company | Vesicle including a metal marker for use in an assay |
| US4654165A (en) * | 1985-04-16 | 1987-03-31 | Micro Tracers, Inc. | Microingredient containing tracer |
| IT1200142B (it) * | 1985-11-08 | 1989-01-05 | Modern Advanced Concrete | Metodo per migliorare la fluidificazione di impasti cementizi |
| JPS62260750A (ja) * | 1986-02-13 | 1987-11-13 | ホツホテイ−フ、アクチエンゲゼルシヤフト、フオ−ルマ−ルス、ゲブリユ−ダ−、ヘルフマン | 吹付けコンクリート層を塗付ける方法 |
| DE3720783A1 (de) * | 1986-02-13 | 1989-01-05 | Hochtief Ag Hoch Tiefbauten | Verfahren zum auftragen einer spritzbetonschicht |
| US4656049A (en) * | 1986-03-10 | 1987-04-07 | General Dynamics Corp. Space Systems Division | Method and apparatus for the proper quantized application of a mold release agent onto a mold surface |
| EP0263606A3 (en) * | 1986-09-29 | 1988-08-31 | W.R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Silica fume slurry |
| DE3714386A1 (de) * | 1987-04-30 | 1988-12-01 | Degussa | Verfahren und spritzaggregat zum auftragen einer spritzbetonschicht |
| NO162848C (no) * | 1987-09-11 | 1990-02-28 | Elkem As | Fremgangsmaate for tilsetning av silica stoev til en toerr sproeyte-betongblanding. |
| NO165021B (no) * | 1987-11-09 | 1990-09-03 | Norsk Hydro As | Hydraulisk tungvekts-sementoppslemming spesielt til bruk ved sementering av olje/gassbroenner og fremgangsmaate for fremstilling av oppslemmingen. |
| GB8904273D0 (en) * | 1989-02-24 | 1989-04-12 | Sandoz Ltd | Improvements in or relating to chemical compounds |
-
1991
- 1991-02-27 CH CH589/91A patent/CH681541A5/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-02-27 GB GB9104082A patent/GB2241499B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-02-28 CA CA 2037303 patent/CA2037303A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-03-01 ES ES9100532A patent/ES2027933A6/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-03-01 JP JP6132991A patent/JPH05254907A/ja active Pending
- 1991-03-01 BE BE9100192A patent/BE1005315A5/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-03-01 SE SE9100602A patent/SE9100602L/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-03-01 AU AU72029/91A patent/AU637676B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-03-01 NO NO910816A patent/NO309141B1/no active IP Right Review Request
- 1991-03-01 IT IT91RM146 patent/IT1244656B/it active IP Right Grant
- 1991-03-01 FR FR9102506A patent/FR2659959B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1991-03-04 AT AT0045791A patent/AT398756B/de not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1993
- 1993-03-17 US US08/032,215 patent/US5356671A/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
1996
- 1996-08-08 HK HK148996A patent/HK148996A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| ATA45791A (de) | 1994-06-15 |
| HK148996A (en) | 1996-08-16 |
| US5356671A (en) | 1994-10-18 |
| AU7202991A (en) | 1991-09-05 |
| ITRM910146A1 (it) | 1992-09-01 |
| CH681541A5 (en, 2012) | 1993-04-15 |
| GB2241499A (en) | 1991-09-04 |
| AU637676B2 (en) | 1993-06-03 |
| GB2241499B (en) | 1994-09-21 |
| JPH05254907A (ja) | 1993-10-05 |
| NO309141B1 (no) | 2000-12-18 |
| AT398756B (de) | 1995-01-25 |
| ES2027933A6 (es) | 1992-06-16 |
| FR2659959A1 (fr) | 1991-09-27 |
| NO910816D0 (no) | 1991-03-01 |
| GB9104082D0 (en) | 1991-04-17 |
| ITRM910146A0 (it) | 1991-03-01 |
| FR2659959B1 (fr) | 1994-05-06 |
| SE9100602L (sv) | 1991-09-04 |
| BE1005315A5 (fr) | 1993-06-29 |
| SE9100602D0 (sv) | 1991-03-01 |
| IT1244656B (it) | 1994-08-08 |
| NO910816L (no) | 1991-09-04 |
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