CA1190568A - Means for pneumatic gathering of milled peat - Google Patents
Means for pneumatic gathering of milled peatInfo
- Publication number
- CA1190568A CA1190568A CA000428458A CA428458A CA1190568A CA 1190568 A CA1190568 A CA 1190568A CA 000428458 A CA000428458 A CA 000428458A CA 428458 A CA428458 A CA 428458A CA 1190568 A CA1190568 A CA 1190568A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- peat
- receptacle
- cyclone
- suction
- carriage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 claims 4
- 239000011362 coarse particle Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000237074 Centris Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C49/00—Obtaining peat; Machines therefor
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Cyclones (AREA)
Abstract
Abstract of Disclosure The present invention concerns a means for pneumatic gathering of peat, consisting of a gatherer carriage (2) moving on the bog and provided with suction tubes (5), a cyclone (11) separating the peat from the suction air, a receptacle (6) wherein the peat collects, and a blower (3) producing suction. As taught by the invention, the receptacle (6) is made bipartite so that one part (9) of the receptacle, to which the peat and suction air are first conducted, collects the coarser peat particles, and the other part (10) col-lects the finely divided peat particles separated from the suction air by the cyclone (11). The partition separating the parts (9 and 10) of the receptacle (6) may consist of a flap (8) provided with hinges and which, when the receptacle is being emptied, opens under gravity effect. By the invention is achieved that only part of the peat to be gathered goes through the cyclone and therefore the wear of the cyclone will be less, and the cyclone can be dimensioned smaller and lighter than previously.
Fig. 1.
Fig. 1.
Description
5~
Means for pneumatic gathering of milled peat The present invention concerns a means for pneumatic gathering of peat, consisting of a carriage moving on the bog and comprising a blower or equivalent member Eor producing suction, a conduit for sucking up peat from the surface of the bog, a separator for sep-arating the peat from the suction air, and a receptacle wherein the peat gathers.
In gathering milled peat, a pneumatic procedure has been applied on the side of mechanical procedures, in said procedure the peat being drawn from the surface of the bog along with an air flow into a gatherer carriage moving on the bog~ The pneumatic procedure pre-sents the ad~antage of a chance to influence the quality of the peat being gathered by adjusting the driving speed or the velocity of the ~uction air, because heavier, wet peat particles are left on the surface of the bog at a low velocity of the suction air or~with a high driving speed, and only the dried layer of peat is gathered.
Hereby, it is possible to mill and gather thick layers during favourable drying periods and when rainy weather is impending9 to draw only a thin, dried layer from the surface of the bog. When the pneumatic procedure is used, the average once-Lhrou~h harvests decrease if compared with the mechanical ~ethods, but experience has taught that ~he annual overall yield is beween 15 and 40%
higher.
Gathering carri~,ages of different types have been used in pneumatic paet gathering, comprising a blower with the aid of which the peat i5 drawn into the carriage, a separator with which the peat is separated from the suction air~ and a receptacle in which the peat is gathered. The suction air may be circulated in these carriages or it may be bLown lnto open air after the peat separation. The location of the blower varies: it is located either after the receptacle, in which case the receptacle carries a vacuum, or before the receptacle and the peat separator, whereby the air flow containing peat particles flows therethrough. A cyclone has been -1- ~
employed as peat separator on the carriages, into which the whole air flow drawn from the bog and containing the peat is conducted.
In peat gathering carriages in present usage, the cyclones serving as peat separators have to be dimensioned very large. On one hand, thls is due to the powerful abrasive effect of the peat in the air flow, owing to which the velocity of the air Elow must not attain high values9 and on the other hand it is due to the arching ten-dency of the peat. Big cyclones, however, present the drawback of poor separating power and heavy weight. Since the cyclone must be located above the receptacle in the carriage9 the stability of the carriage is impaired by the high location o the centre of gravity owing to the weight of the cyclone and, ln addition, the great weight of ~he cyclone detracts from the useful load of the carriage compared with the overall weight.
The obJect of the present invention is to provide a carriage to be used as a pneumatic peat gathering means and wherein the drawbacks presented in the foregoing are avoided. The invention is charac-terized in that the peat-gathering receptacle of the carriage has been constructed in two parts so that one part of the receptacle~
with the suction tube connected to it and wherefrom the suction air flows further to the separator, serves as gatherer of coarser peat particles, and the other part gathers the more finely divided peat particles separated from the suction air by the separator. By this design is achieved that only a small portlon of the peat that is gathered enters the separator together wlth the suctlon alr, whereby the size of the separator can be reduced and its degree of separation improved. Since also the wear of the separator is less than before, it is possible to reduce the thickness of its walls and thereby to increase the useful load oE the carriage and to improve its stability.
One embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the suctior. tube is connected to the upper part of the part of the receptacle which gathers the coarser peat particles so that said peat particles descend to the bottom of the receptacle under ~ravity eEfect. In the subsequent separation of more finely divided 0s~
peat particles, a cyclone known in itself may further be used wherein the separation of peat particles from the suction air takes place by the effect of centriEugal force.
One e~bodiment of the invention is furthermore characterized in that the carriage can be dumped for emptying the receptacle of the peat collected therein and that the parts of the receptacle are separated by a flap which opens when the carriage is dumped so that both parts of the receptacle are emptied simultaneously. The flap may be mounted by the aid of hinges in the upper part of the flap, whereby when the carriage is dumped it opens automatically under gravity effect. Closing of the flap takes place similarly when after being dumped the carriage is lowered back to its normal position.
The invention is described more in detail in the following by the aid oE an example by referring to the drawing attached, wherein:-Fig. l presents a means according to the invention in ele-vational?
view and partly sectioned, and Fig. 2 is the section II-II of Fig. l.
The means depicted in the drawing and intended for pneumatic gath-ering of peat consists of a gatherer carriage 2 provided with wheels1 and which may be attached e.g. to a tractor. The carrlage 2 comprises a blower 3, suction tubes 5 provided with suction heads 4, a receptacle 6, in the upper part of which the suction tubes 5 terminate and which has been divided with the aid of a flap 8 hinged on its top end, into a larger part 9 and a smaller part 109 a cyclone ll located above the smaller part 10 of the receptacle and communicating with each part 9 and lO of the receptacle, and a tube 12 which connects the cyclone ll to the blower 3.
The gatherer carriage 2 is used to collect the dried peat layer 13 from the surface l4 of the bog. The gathering takes place while che carriage 2 is moving and the suction heads 4 are drawing peat 13 by action of the suction produced by the blower 3. This causes the peat to be drawn by the suction tubes 5 into the upper part of the part 9 of the receptacle 6, wherefrom the co~se peat particles descend onto the bottom of the receptacle under gravity efect. In contrast, the suction air and the more finely divided peat part-icles move as indicated by the arrow 15 in Fig. 1, to the cyclone 11 where separation of the finely divided particles takes place by the centrifugal force effect. Elereby, the said particles gather, as shown by the arrows 16, in the part 1~ of the receptacle, the suction air proceeding, as sho~n by the arrows 17, lnto the tube 12 departLng from the cyclone 11, and thence further through the blower 3 into open alr.
During peat gathering, the flap 8 is in the position in which i~
constitutes an airtight partition between the parts 9 and 10 of the receptacle. When the carriage 2 is dumped for emptying from the receptacle the peat collected therein9 the flap carried by the hinges 7 turns under gravity effect into the position 8' indicated by interrupted lines in Fig. 1, whereby the peat is enabled to flow out rom both parts of the receptacle. ~1hen the carriage 2 after being emptied is lowered down to its normal horizontal position, the flap returns to its intial position.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that different embod-i~ents of the invention are not confined ~o the embodiment example presented in the foregoing and may instead may vary within the scope of the claims ollowing below. For instance, it is possible that the part of the receptacle gathering coarser peat particles is provided with a cyclone, or that a cyclone constitutes the said part of the receptacle in its entirety, whereby the separation of coarser peat particles is also based on centri~ugal force.
Means for pneumatic gathering of milled peat The present invention concerns a means for pneumatic gathering of peat, consisting of a carriage moving on the bog and comprising a blower or equivalent member Eor producing suction, a conduit for sucking up peat from the surface of the bog, a separator for sep-arating the peat from the suction air, and a receptacle wherein the peat gathers.
In gathering milled peat, a pneumatic procedure has been applied on the side of mechanical procedures, in said procedure the peat being drawn from the surface of the bog along with an air flow into a gatherer carriage moving on the bog~ The pneumatic procedure pre-sents the ad~antage of a chance to influence the quality of the peat being gathered by adjusting the driving speed or the velocity of the ~uction air, because heavier, wet peat particles are left on the surface of the bog at a low velocity of the suction air or~with a high driving speed, and only the dried layer of peat is gathered.
Hereby, it is possible to mill and gather thick layers during favourable drying periods and when rainy weather is impending9 to draw only a thin, dried layer from the surface of the bog. When the pneumatic procedure is used, the average once-Lhrou~h harvests decrease if compared with the mechanical ~ethods, but experience has taught that ~he annual overall yield is beween 15 and 40%
higher.
Gathering carri~,ages of different types have been used in pneumatic paet gathering, comprising a blower with the aid of which the peat i5 drawn into the carriage, a separator with which the peat is separated from the suction air~ and a receptacle in which the peat is gathered. The suction air may be circulated in these carriages or it may be bLown lnto open air after the peat separation. The location of the blower varies: it is located either after the receptacle, in which case the receptacle carries a vacuum, or before the receptacle and the peat separator, whereby the air flow containing peat particles flows therethrough. A cyclone has been -1- ~
employed as peat separator on the carriages, into which the whole air flow drawn from the bog and containing the peat is conducted.
In peat gathering carriages in present usage, the cyclones serving as peat separators have to be dimensioned very large. On one hand, thls is due to the powerful abrasive effect of the peat in the air flow, owing to which the velocity of the air Elow must not attain high values9 and on the other hand it is due to the arching ten-dency of the peat. Big cyclones, however, present the drawback of poor separating power and heavy weight. Since the cyclone must be located above the receptacle in the carriage9 the stability of the carriage is impaired by the high location o the centre of gravity owing to the weight of the cyclone and, ln addition, the great weight of ~he cyclone detracts from the useful load of the carriage compared with the overall weight.
The obJect of the present invention is to provide a carriage to be used as a pneumatic peat gathering means and wherein the drawbacks presented in the foregoing are avoided. The invention is charac-terized in that the peat-gathering receptacle of the carriage has been constructed in two parts so that one part of the receptacle~
with the suction tube connected to it and wherefrom the suction air flows further to the separator, serves as gatherer of coarser peat particles, and the other part gathers the more finely divided peat particles separated from the suction air by the separator. By this design is achieved that only a small portlon of the peat that is gathered enters the separator together wlth the suctlon alr, whereby the size of the separator can be reduced and its degree of separation improved. Since also the wear of the separator is less than before, it is possible to reduce the thickness of its walls and thereby to increase the useful load oE the carriage and to improve its stability.
One embodiment of the invention is characterized in that the suctior. tube is connected to the upper part of the part of the receptacle which gathers the coarser peat particles so that said peat particles descend to the bottom of the receptacle under ~ravity eEfect. In the subsequent separation of more finely divided 0s~
peat particles, a cyclone known in itself may further be used wherein the separation of peat particles from the suction air takes place by the effect of centriEugal force.
One e~bodiment of the invention is furthermore characterized in that the carriage can be dumped for emptying the receptacle of the peat collected therein and that the parts of the receptacle are separated by a flap which opens when the carriage is dumped so that both parts of the receptacle are emptied simultaneously. The flap may be mounted by the aid of hinges in the upper part of the flap, whereby when the carriage is dumped it opens automatically under gravity effect. Closing of the flap takes place similarly when after being dumped the carriage is lowered back to its normal position.
The invention is described more in detail in the following by the aid oE an example by referring to the drawing attached, wherein:-Fig. l presents a means according to the invention in ele-vational?
view and partly sectioned, and Fig. 2 is the section II-II of Fig. l.
The means depicted in the drawing and intended for pneumatic gath-ering of peat consists of a gatherer carriage 2 provided with wheels1 and which may be attached e.g. to a tractor. The carrlage 2 comprises a blower 3, suction tubes 5 provided with suction heads 4, a receptacle 6, in the upper part of which the suction tubes 5 terminate and which has been divided with the aid of a flap 8 hinged on its top end, into a larger part 9 and a smaller part 109 a cyclone ll located above the smaller part 10 of the receptacle and communicating with each part 9 and lO of the receptacle, and a tube 12 which connects the cyclone ll to the blower 3.
The gatherer carriage 2 is used to collect the dried peat layer 13 from the surface l4 of the bog. The gathering takes place while che carriage 2 is moving and the suction heads 4 are drawing peat 13 by action of the suction produced by the blower 3. This causes the peat to be drawn by the suction tubes 5 into the upper part of the part 9 of the receptacle 6, wherefrom the co~se peat particles descend onto the bottom of the receptacle under gravity efect. In contrast, the suction air and the more finely divided peat part-icles move as indicated by the arrow 15 in Fig. 1, to the cyclone 11 where separation of the finely divided particles takes place by the centrifugal force effect. Elereby, the said particles gather, as shown by the arrows 16, in the part 1~ of the receptacle, the suction air proceeding, as sho~n by the arrows 17, lnto the tube 12 departLng from the cyclone 11, and thence further through the blower 3 into open alr.
During peat gathering, the flap 8 is in the position in which i~
constitutes an airtight partition between the parts 9 and 10 of the receptacle. When the carriage 2 is dumped for emptying from the receptacle the peat collected therein9 the flap carried by the hinges 7 turns under gravity effect into the position 8' indicated by interrupted lines in Fig. 1, whereby the peat is enabled to flow out rom both parts of the receptacle. ~1hen the carriage 2 after being emptied is lowered down to its normal horizontal position, the flap returns to its intial position.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that different embod-i~ents of the invention are not confined ~o the embodiment example presented in the foregoing and may instead may vary within the scope of the claims ollowing below. For instance, it is possible that the part of the receptacle gathering coarser peat particles is provided with a cyclone, or that a cyclone constitutes the said part of the receptacle in its entirety, whereby the separation of coarser peat particles is also based on centri~ugal force.
Claims (3)
PROPERTY OR PRIVILEGE IS CLAIMED ARE DEFINED AS FOLLOWS:
1. In an apparatus for pneumatic gathering of milled peat from a peat bog by means of a carriage movable over said bog, said carriage comprising a receptacle for receiving through suction means coarse and fine particles of peat, the coarser particles dropping to the bottom of the receptacle, cyclone separator means for separating the fine particles, and blower means to create suction of peat into said receptacle and cyclone separator, the improvement comprising a movable flapper means suspended at the top thereof to swing to open and closed positions, said flapper means when in a closed posi-tion separating said receptacle into two parts, the first part to receive coarse particles of peat and the second to receive fine particles of peat from said cyclone separator means, said flapper means being in the closed position during gathering of peat and in the open position during dumping of peat, whereby both coarse and fine particles are simultaneously discharged from said receptacle during dumping.
2. An apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said flapper means is opened during dumping by gravitational forces.
3. An apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said flapper means is suspended by hinge means.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FI821741A FI66054C (en) | 1982-05-18 | 1982-05-18 | ANORDING FOR PNEUMATIC UPPTAGNING AV FRAEST TORV |
| FI821741 | 1982-05-18 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1190568A true CA1190568A (en) | 1985-07-16 |
Family
ID=8515538
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA000428458A Expired CA1190568A (en) | 1982-05-18 | 1983-05-18 | Means for pneumatic gathering of milled peat |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CA (1) | CA1190568A (en) |
| FI (1) | FI66054C (en) |
| SE (1) | SE450273B (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2813607C1 (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2024-02-13 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский государственный горный университет" | Mobile device for collecting, drying and crushing milled peat |
-
1982
- 1982-05-18 FI FI821741A patent/FI66054C/en not_active IP Right Cessation
-
1983
- 1983-05-18 CA CA000428458A patent/CA1190568A/en not_active Expired
- 1983-05-18 SE SE8302801A patent/SE450273B/en unknown
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2813607C1 (en) * | 2023-07-05 | 2024-02-13 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Уральский государственный горный университет" | Mobile device for collecting, drying and crushing milled peat |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FI66054C (en) | 1984-08-10 |
| FI821741A (en) | 1983-11-19 |
| FI821741A0 (en) | 1982-05-18 |
| SE8302801L (en) | 1983-11-19 |
| SE8302801D0 (en) | 1983-05-18 |
| SE450273B (en) | 1987-06-15 |
| FI66054B (en) | 1984-04-30 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEC | Expiry (correction) | ||
| MKEX | Expiry |