CA1179163A - Procede de fabrication de produits sous forme de particules solides notamment d'engrais granules np/npk contenant du phosphate d'ammonium - Google Patents
Procede de fabrication de produits sous forme de particules solides notamment d'engrais granules np/npk contenant du phosphate d'ammoniumInfo
- Publication number
- CA1179163A CA1179163A CA000376752A CA376752A CA1179163A CA 1179163 A CA1179163 A CA 1179163A CA 000376752 A CA000376752 A CA 000376752A CA 376752 A CA376752 A CA 376752A CA 1179163 A CA1179163 A CA 1179163A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- granulator
- dryer
- ammonia
- product
- fact
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims description 51
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 title claims description 17
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 title claims description 17
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 title description 4
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 51
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N diammonium hydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].OP([O-])([O-])=O MNNHAPBLZZVQHP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000005469 granulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 230000003179 granulation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000004254 Ammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000019289 ammonium phosphates Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910000148 ammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 claims description 69
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 61
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 35
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 29
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 235000019838 diammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011344 liquid material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000005696 Diammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910000388 diammonium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012265 solid product Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011541 reaction mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000012467 final product Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- 235000011007 phosphoric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 32
- 235000021395 porridge Nutrition 0.000 description 22
- 235000021317 phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 16
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 15
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 9
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000019837 monoammonium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 4
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [NH4+].OP(O)([O-])=O LFVGISIMTYGQHF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910000387 ammonium dihydrogen phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;phosphoric acid Chemical compound [Ca+2].OP(O)(O)=O.OP(O)(O)=O YYRMJZQKEFZXMX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006012 monoammonium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002426 superphosphate Substances 0.000 description 4
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium nitrate Chemical group [Ca+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O ZCCIPPOKBCJFDN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000069 nitrogen hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000003016 phosphoric acids Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium nitrate Chemical compound [NH4+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O DVARTQFDIMZBAA-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phencyclidine Chemical class C1CCCCN1C1(C=2C=CC=CC=2)CCCCC1 JTJMJGYZQZDUJJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000011149 sulphuric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-[5-[[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]piperazin-1-yl]methyl]-4,5-dihydro-1,2-oxazol-3-yl]-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-2-one Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)N1CCN(CC1)CC1CC(=NO1)C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1 LLQHSBBZNDXTIV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium chloride Substances [NH4+].[Cl-] NLXLAEXVIDQMFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorine Chemical compound FF PXGOKWXKJXAPGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Niacin Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CN=C1 PVNIIMVLHYAWGP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Uric Acid Chemical compound N1C(=O)NC(=O)C2=C1NC(=O)N2 LEHOTFFKMJEONL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium phosphates Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O ZRIUUUJAJJNDSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001166 ammonium sulphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007900 aqueous suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002301 combined effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013065 commercial product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010924 continuous production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009795 derivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052731 fluorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011737 fluorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000008267 milk Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000004080 milk Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013336 milk Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- AYOOGWWGECJQPI-NSHDSACASA-N n-[(1s)-1-(5-fluoropyrimidin-2-yl)ethyl]-3-(3-propan-2-yloxy-1h-pyrazol-5-yl)imidazo[4,5-b]pyridin-5-amine Chemical compound N1C(OC(C)C)=CC(N2C3=NC(N[C@@H](C)C=4N=CC(F)=CN=4)=CC=C3N=C2)=N1 AYOOGWWGECJQPI-NSHDSACASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000003472 neutralizing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen group Chemical group [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000037361 pathway Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium benzoate Chemical compound [K+].[O-]C(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 XAEFZNCEHLXOMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
- Glanulating (AREA)
- Fertilizing (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Heterocyclic Carbon Compounds Containing A Hetero Ring Having Oxygen Or Sulfur (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR8009952A FR2481611A1 (fr) | 1980-05-05 | 1980-05-05 | Procede de fabrication de produits sous forme de particules solides notamment d'engrais granules np/npk contenant du phosphate d'ammonium |
FR80.09952 | 1980-05-05 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CA1179163A true CA1179163A (fr) | 1984-12-11 |
Family
ID=9241602
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CA000376752A Expired CA1179163A (fr) | 1980-05-05 | 1981-05-04 | Procede de fabrication de produits sous forme de particules solides notamment d'engrais granules np/npk contenant du phosphate d'ammonium |
Country Status (25)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US4604126A (en, 2012) |
EP (1) | EP0040122B1 (en, 2012) |
JP (1) | JPS5724626A (en, 2012) |
KR (1) | KR840001422B1 (en, 2012) |
AT (1) | ATE8984T1 (en, 2012) |
AU (1) | AU545241B2 (en, 2012) |
BR (1) | BR8102715A (en, 2012) |
CA (1) | CA1179163A (en, 2012) |
DE (1) | DE3165513D1 (en, 2012) |
ES (1) | ES8202692A1 (en, 2012) |
FI (1) | FI71720C (en, 2012) |
FR (1) | FR2481611A1 (en, 2012) |
GR (1) | GR74848B (en, 2012) |
IL (1) | IL62780A (en, 2012) |
IN (1) | IN153702B (en, 2012) |
MA (1) | MA19133A1 (en, 2012) |
MX (1) | MX156252A (en, 2012) |
NO (1) | NO155963C (en, 2012) |
OA (1) | OA06805A (en, 2012) |
PH (1) | PH18941A (en, 2012) |
PT (1) | PT72967B (en, 2012) |
SU (1) | SU1190974A3 (en, 2012) |
UA (1) | UA7836A1 (en, 2012) |
YU (2) | YU112881A (en, 2012) |
ZA (1) | ZA812930B (en, 2012) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FI70202C (fi) * | 1984-06-20 | 1986-09-15 | Kemira Oy | Saett att aotervinna naeringsmedel fraon avgaserna av en np-konstgoedselfabrik |
US5211735A (en) * | 1987-04-24 | 1993-05-18 | Petroleo Brasileiro S. A. | Process for preparing phosphated or nitrophosphated fertilizers through solubilization of phosphate rock |
US5435822A (en) * | 1989-11-08 | 1995-07-25 | W. R. Grace & Co.-Conn. | Spray dried water dispersible fertilizer |
RU2169720C1 (ru) * | 2000-02-16 | 2001-06-27 | ОАО "Череповецкий "Азот" | Способ получения сложного азотно-фосфорного удобрения |
RU2228322C1 (ru) * | 2003-03-17 | 2004-05-10 | Открытое акционерное общество "Акрон" | Способ получения сложных водорастворимых удобрений |
RU2253639C2 (ru) * | 2003-06-16 | 2005-06-10 | Общество с ограниченной ответственностью "Научно-инженерный центр" (ООО "НИЦ") | Способ получения гранулированного минерального удобрения, содержащего азот и фосфор, и гранулированное минеральное удобрение |
EP1694613A2 (en) * | 2003-12-18 | 2006-08-30 | Georgia-Pacific Resins, Inc. | Extended-release nitrogen-containing granular fertilizer |
RU2266272C1 (ru) * | 2004-02-12 | 2005-12-20 | Открытое акционерное общество "Кирово-Чепецкий химический комбинат имени Б.П. Константинова" | Способ получения сложного азотно-фосфорного удобрения |
RU2263652C1 (ru) * | 2004-11-19 | 2005-11-10 | Закрытое акционерное общество "Минерально-химическая компания "ЕвроХим" (ЗАО "МХК "ЕвроХим") | Способ получения азотно-фосфорного удобрения |
NO325430B1 (no) * | 2006-04-10 | 2008-04-28 | Yara Int Asa | Fremgangsmate for produksjon av nitrofosfatprodukter med hoyt nitrogeninnhold, og produkter produsert ved denne. |
RU2462414C2 (ru) * | 2007-03-19 | 2012-09-27 | ИзиМайнинг Свиден АБ | Извлечение фосфора |
US9464008B2 (en) * | 2012-02-01 | 2016-10-11 | Honeywell International Inc. | Process for preparing ammonium sulfate nitrate |
US9932278B2 (en) | 2015-03-12 | 2018-04-03 | Advansix Resins & Chemicals Llc | Granulator feed apparatus |
FR3039830B1 (fr) * | 2015-08-03 | 2018-09-07 | Ocp Sa | Procede de fabrication d'un engrais a base de phosphate d'ammonium presentant une teneur reduite en cadmium |
EP3192370B1 (en) | 2016-01-15 | 2020-03-04 | Rendapart | Environmentally friendly herbicidal formulations |
CN113351128A (zh) * | 2021-01-28 | 2021-09-07 | 安徽科技学院 | 一种氨基酸水溶肥制备用反应釜 |
US11998784B1 (en) * | 2021-07-01 | 2024-06-04 | Shawn Sahbari | Mixture and method for fire suppression and prevention |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2047393A (en) * | 1932-03-28 | 1936-07-14 | Swift And Company Fertilizer W | Fertilizer preparation |
FR1100817A (fr) * | 1953-11-12 | 1955-09-26 | Siape | Procédé de fabrication d'engrais phosphatés sous forme de granules ou de poudre |
DE1051871B (de) * | 1954-04-30 | 1959-03-05 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Kontinuierliches Verfahren zur Herstellung von hochwertigen, frei fliessenden, granulierten Diammoniumphosphatduengemitteln |
US3037855A (en) * | 1958-05-23 | 1962-06-05 | Allied Chem | Process for pebbling by spraying a mixture of ammonium nitrate and ammonium phosphates |
US3241946A (en) * | 1962-03-30 | 1966-03-22 | Union Oil Co | Ammonium phosphate fertilizer solids derived from anhydrous liquid phosphoric acid |
US3310371A (en) * | 1962-10-30 | 1967-03-21 | Dorr Oliver Inc | Production of ammonium phosphate |
FR1389361A (fr) * | 1963-04-18 | 1965-02-12 | Ici Ltd | Perfectionnements aux engrais mixtes |
BE659404A (en, 2012) * | 1964-02-12 | 1965-05-28 | ||
FR1573849A (en, 2012) * | 1967-10-31 | 1969-07-11 | ||
US3738821A (en) * | 1972-05-18 | 1973-06-12 | Reserve Oil & Gas Co | Process of agglomerating ammonium sulfate and making complete fertilizer |
US3954942A (en) * | 1974-09-16 | 1976-05-04 | Tennessee Valley Authority | Granular ammonium phosphate sulfate and monoammonium phosphate using common pipe-cross-type reactor |
SU676584A1 (ru) * | 1975-12-26 | 1979-07-30 | Предприятие П/Я Р-6603 | Способ гранулировани нитроаммофоски |
UST969002I4 (en) * | 1977-07-25 | 1978-04-04 | Tennessee Valley Authority | Granular ammonium phosphate sulfate and urea-ammonium phosphate sulfate using a common pipe-cross reactor |
FR2437386A1 (fr) * | 1978-09-28 | 1980-04-25 | Jacobs Engineering Group Inc | Procede et appareil de fabrication de phosphate diammonique |
NL173387C (nl) * | 1979-03-15 | 1984-01-16 | Azote Sa Cie Neerlandaise | Werkwijze voor het maken van stabiele, ammoniumnitraat bevattende meststofkorrels. |
-
1980
- 1980-05-05 FR FR8009952A patent/FR2481611A1/fr active Granted
-
1981
- 1981-04-23 EP EP81400642A patent/EP0040122B1/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-04-23 DE DE8181400642T patent/DE3165513D1/de not_active Expired
- 1981-04-23 AT AT81400642T patent/ATE8984T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-28 US US06/258,460 patent/US4604126A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1981-04-29 PH PH25577A patent/PH18941A/en unknown
- 1981-04-29 MA MA19339A patent/MA19133A1/fr unknown
- 1981-04-30 FI FI811360A patent/FI71720C/fi not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-04-30 YU YU01128/81A patent/YU112881A/xx unknown
- 1981-05-01 JP JP6534881A patent/JPS5724626A/ja active Granted
- 1981-05-04 CA CA000376752A patent/CA1179163A/fr not_active Expired
- 1981-05-04 AU AU70108/81A patent/AU545241B2/en not_active Expired
- 1981-05-04 KR KR1019810001532A patent/KR840001422B1/ko not_active Expired
- 1981-05-04 GR GR64827A patent/GR74848B/el unknown
- 1981-05-04 IN IN467/CAL/81A patent/IN153702B/en unknown
- 1981-05-04 ES ES501847A patent/ES8202692A1/es not_active Expired
- 1981-05-04 NO NO811496A patent/NO155963C/no not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-04 SU SU813276209A patent/SU1190974A3/ru active
- 1981-05-04 BR BR8102715A patent/BR8102715A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-04 PT PT72967A patent/PT72967B/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-04 UA UA3276209A patent/UA7836A1/uk unknown
- 1981-05-04 IL IL62780A patent/IL62780A/xx not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1981-05-04 ZA ZA00812930A patent/ZA812930B/xx unknown
- 1981-05-05 OA OA57396A patent/OA06805A/xx unknown
- 1981-05-06 MX MX187127A patent/MX156252A/es unknown
-
1983
- 1983-02-08 YU YU294/83A patent/YU44971B/xx unknown
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