CA1098329A - Composite tubular element and methods for making same - Google Patents
Composite tubular element and methods for making sameInfo
- Publication number
- CA1098329A CA1098329A CA313,196A CA313196A CA1098329A CA 1098329 A CA1098329 A CA 1098329A CA 313196 A CA313196 A CA 313196A CA 1098329 A CA1098329 A CA 1098329A
- Authority
- CA
- Canada
- Prior art keywords
- metal core
- layer
- resin
- fibers
- core
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired
Links
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 80
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 239000011152 fibreglass Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000012783 reinforcing fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000004634 thermosetting polymer Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000002844 continuous effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 229920000136 polysorbate Polymers 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 64
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000012790 adhesive layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000012779 reinforcing material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003365 glass fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- -1 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007859 condensation product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001971 elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000806 elastomer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000088 plastic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004645 polyester resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920001225 polyester resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- IGTHEWGRXUAFKF-NVJADKKVSA-N 1-cyclopropyl-8-(difluoromethoxy)-7-[(1r)-1-methyl-2,3-dihydro-1h-isoindol-5-yl]-4-oxoquinoline-3-carboxylic acid;methanesulfonic acid;hydrate Chemical compound O.CS(O)(=O)=O.N([C@@H](C1=CC=2)C)CC1=CC=2C(C=1OC(F)F)=CC=C(C(C(C(O)=O)=C2)=O)C=1N2C1CC1 IGTHEWGRXUAFKF-NVJADKKVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVQOFBKHQCTVQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxy-2,2-diphenylacetic acid 2-(diethylamino)ethyl ester Chemical compound C=1C=CC=CC=1C(O)(C(=O)OCCN(CC)CC)C1=CC=CC=C1 IVQOFBKHQCTVQV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000298 Cellophane Polymers 0.000 description 1
- XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Cyanamide Chemical compound NC#N XZMCDFZZKTWFGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Epichlorohydrin Chemical compound ClCC1CO1 BRLQWZUYTZBJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene oxide Chemical compound C1CO1 IAYPIBMASNFSPL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001235534 Graphis <ascomycete fungus> Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920006257 Heat-shrinkable film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 102000006835 Lamins Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010047294 Lamins Proteins 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001299 aldehydes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical group [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001680 brushing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002657 fibrous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N haloperidol Chemical compound C1CC(O)(C=2C=CC(Cl)=CC=2)CCN1CCCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C=C1 LNEPOXFFQSENCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 210000005053 lamin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002674 ointment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005011 phenolic resin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000728 polyester Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000139 polyethylene terephthalate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005020 polyethylene terephthalate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007519 polyprotic acids Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001021 polysulfide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005077 polysulfide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008117 polysulfides Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/14—Layered products comprising a layer of metal next to a fibrous or filamentary layer
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B1/00—Layered products having a non-planar shape
- B32B1/08—Tubular products
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/20—Layered products comprising a layer of metal comprising aluminium or copper
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B17/00—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres
- B32B17/02—Layered products essentially comprising sheet glass, or glass, slag, or like fibres in the form of fibres or filaments
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B5/00—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts
- B32B5/02—Layered products characterised by the non- homogeneity or physical structure, i.e. comprising a fibrous, filamentary, particulate or foam layer; Layered products characterised by having a layer differing constitutionally or physically in different parts characterised by structural features of a fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B5/024—Woven fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B9/00—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00
- B32B9/005—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile
- B32B9/007—Layered products comprising a layer of a particular substance not covered by groups B32B11/00 - B32B29/00 comprising one layer of ceramic material, e.g. porcelain, ceramic tile comprising carbon, e.g. graphite, composite carbon
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
- F16C3/023—Shafts; Axles made of several parts, e.g. by welding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/02—Composition of the impregnated, bonded or embedded layer
- B32B2260/021—Fibrous or filamentary layer
- B32B2260/023—Two or more layers
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2260/00—Layered product comprising an impregnated, embedded, or bonded layer wherein the layer comprises an impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/04—Impregnation, embedding, or binder material
- B32B2260/046—Synthetic resin
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/101—Glass fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2262/00—Composition or structural features of fibres which form a fibrous or filamentary layer or are present as additives
- B32B2262/10—Inorganic fibres
- B32B2262/106—Carbon fibres, e.g. graphite fibres
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2305/00—Condition, form or state of the layers or laminate
- B32B2305/10—Fibres of continuous length
- B32B2305/18—Fabrics, textiles
- B32B2305/188—Woven fabrics
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2311/00—Metals, their alloys or their compounds
- B32B2311/24—Aluminium
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2313/00—Elements other than metals
- B32B2313/04—Carbon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2315/00—Other materials containing non-metallic inorganic compounds not provided for in groups B32B2311/00 - B32B2313/04
- B32B2315/08—Glass
- B32B2315/085—Glass fiber cloth or fabric
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2597/00—Tubular articles, e.g. hoses, pipes
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16C—SHAFTS; FLEXIBLE SHAFTS; ELEMENTS OR CRANKSHAFT MECHANISMS; ROTARY BODIES OTHER THAN GEARING ELEMENTS; BEARINGS
- F16C3/00—Shafts; Axles; Cranks; Eccentrics
- F16C3/02—Shafts; Axles
- F16C3/026—Shafts made of fibre reinforced resin
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Textile Engineering (AREA)
- Shafts, Cranks, Connecting Bars, And Related Bearings (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US856,615 | 1977-12-02 | ||
| US05/856,615 US4131701A (en) | 1977-05-27 | 1977-12-02 | Composite tubular elements |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CA1098329A true CA1098329A (en) | 1981-03-31 |
Family
ID=25324081
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CA313,196A Expired CA1098329A (en) | 1977-12-02 | 1978-10-12 | Composite tubular element and methods for making same |
Country Status (6)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JPS5479337A (de) |
| CA (1) | CA1098329A (de) |
| DE (1) | DE2852033A1 (de) |
| FR (1) | FR2410758A1 (de) |
| GB (1) | GB2010446B (de) |
| IT (1) | IT1100449B (de) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6287043B1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2001-09-11 | Trw Automotive Electronics & Components Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connection between a support and a plate element |
| EP3715103A1 (de) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-09-30 | Goodrich Corporation | Hybride verbundantriebswelle und verfahren zur herstellung |
Families Citing this family (15)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4272971A (en) * | 1979-02-26 | 1981-06-16 | Rockwell International Corporation | Reinforced tubular structure |
| CA1154042A (en) * | 1979-07-12 | 1983-09-20 | Frank H. Doyal | Fiber-reinforced tubular spring |
| EP0040492A3 (de) * | 1980-05-21 | 1984-07-11 | Mitsubishi Rayon Co., Ltd. | Formstoff für faserverstärkten Kunststoffröhren |
| SE8101237L (sv) * | 1980-06-26 | 1981-12-27 | Avco Corp | Drivaxel samt sett for tillverkning av densamma |
| SE424218B (sv) * | 1980-10-31 | 1982-07-05 | Fiber Mech | Transmissionssystem |
| FR2516859A3 (fr) * | 1981-11-26 | 1983-05-27 | Lerc Lab Etudes Rech Chim | Procede de fabrication d'un mat en matiere plastique armee et mat obtenu a l'aide de ce procede |
| GB2138921A (en) * | 1983-04-16 | 1984-10-31 | Brd Co Ltd | Shafts |
| DE3341077C2 (de) * | 1983-11-12 | 1996-11-14 | Volkswagen Ag | Gelenkwelle, insbesondere Antriebswelle für Räder eines Kraftfahrzeugs |
| US4812348A (en) * | 1986-06-11 | 1989-03-14 | Volkswagen Ag | Torsion-stressed component part of superposed fiber layers |
| DE3822417A1 (de) * | 1987-07-15 | 1989-01-26 | Man Technologie Gmbh | Welle zur uebertragung von torsionskraeften |
| DE3943535C2 (de) * | 1989-06-24 | 1994-11-24 | Gkn Automotive Ag | Verbindungsanordnung |
| US6581644B1 (en) | 1997-04-04 | 2003-06-24 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Composite pipe structure having improved containment and axial strength |
| AU743991B2 (en) * | 1998-06-05 | 2002-02-14 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Composite pipe structures having improved containment and axial strength |
| DE102007036436A1 (de) * | 2007-08-02 | 2009-02-05 | Benteler Automobiltechnik Gmbh | Hybridwelle |
| DE102014200351B4 (de) | 2014-01-10 | 2018-09-06 | Magna Exteriors Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von rohrförmigen Bauteilen aus Faser-Verbundwerkstoffen |
Family Cites Families (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3651661A (en) * | 1970-02-02 | 1972-03-28 | United Aircraft Corp | Composite shaft with integral end flange |
| US3969557A (en) * | 1975-02-27 | 1976-07-13 | Amf Incorporated | Fiberglass vaulting pole |
| US4089190A (en) * | 1976-04-14 | 1978-05-16 | Union Carbide Corporation | Carbon fiber drive shaft |
-
1978
- 1978-10-12 CA CA313,196A patent/CA1098329A/en not_active Expired
- 1978-11-14 JP JP13945578A patent/JPS5479337A/ja active Granted
- 1978-12-01 DE DE19782852033 patent/DE2852033A1/de active Granted
- 1978-12-01 GB GB7846904A patent/GB2010446B/en not_active Expired
- 1978-12-01 FR FR7833940A patent/FR2410758A1/fr active Granted
- 1978-12-01 IT IT30480/78A patent/IT1100449B/it active
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6287043B1 (en) * | 1998-02-18 | 2001-09-11 | Trw Automotive Electronics & Components Gmbh & Co. Kg | Connection between a support and a plate element |
| EP3715103A1 (de) * | 2019-03-29 | 2020-09-30 | Goodrich Corporation | Hybride verbundantriebswelle und verfahren zur herstellung |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| IT7830480A0 (it) | 1978-12-01 |
| DE2852033A1 (de) | 1979-06-07 |
| IT1100449B (it) | 1985-09-28 |
| GB2010446B (en) | 1982-02-17 |
| DE2852033C2 (de) | 1988-06-09 |
| FR2410758B1 (de) | 1984-11-23 |
| GB2010446A (en) | 1979-06-27 |
| FR2410758A1 (fr) | 1979-06-29 |
| JPS5479337A (en) | 1979-06-25 |
| JPS6245412B2 (de) | 1987-09-26 |
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Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| MKEX | Expiry |