BRPI0605369A - processo de hidrogenação seletiva que emprega um catalisador com um suporte especìfico - Google Patents
processo de hidrogenação seletiva que emprega um catalisador com um suporte especìficoInfo
- Publication number
- BRPI0605369A BRPI0605369A BRPI0605369-6A BRPI0605369A BRPI0605369A BR PI0605369 A BRPI0605369 A BR PI0605369A BR PI0605369 A BRPI0605369 A BR PI0605369A BR PI0605369 A BRPI0605369 A BR PI0605369A
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- catalyst
- compounds
- selective hydrogenation
- specific support
- range
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 title abstract 4
- 238000005984 hydrogenation reaction Methods 0.000 title abstract 3
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 abstract 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract 1
- 101150078951 mai-2 gene Proteins 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000001131 transforming effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/75—Cobalt
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/002—Mixed oxides other than spinels, e.g. perovskite
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/74—Iron group metals
- B01J23/755—Nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/70—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper
- B01J23/76—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36
- B01J23/84—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of the iron group metals or copper combined with metals, oxides or hydroxides provided for in groups B01J23/02 - B01J23/36 with arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/85—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/88—Molybdenum
- B01J23/883—Molybdenum and nickel
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/20—Sulfiding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/32—Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds
- C10G45/34—Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/36—Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof
- C10G45/38—Selective hydrogenation of the diolefin or acetylene compounds characterised by the catalyst used containing nickel or cobalt metal, or compounds thereof in combination with chromium, molybdenum or tungsten metals, or compounds thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J2523/00—Constitutive chemical elements of heterogeneous catalysts
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/61—Surface area
- B01J35/615—100-500 m2/g
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/63—Pore volume
- B01J35/635—0.5-1.0 ml/g
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J35/00—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties
- B01J35/60—Catalysts, in general, characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their surface properties or porosity
- B01J35/66—Pore distribution
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/104—Light gasoline having a boiling range of about 20 - 100 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1037—Hydrocarbon fractions
- C10G2300/1044—Heavy gasoline or naphtha having a boiling range of about 100 - 180 °C
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/40—Characteristics of the process deviating from typical ways of processing
- C10G2300/4018—Spatial velocity, e.g. LHSV, WHSV
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
PROCESSO DE HIDROGENAçãO SELETIVA QUE EMPREGA UM CATALISADOR COM UM SUPORTE ESPECìFICO. A invenção se refere a um processo para conjuntamente realizar a hidrogenação seletiva de compostos poliinsaturados em compostos monoinsaturados contidos nas gasolinas e para a transformação de compostos contendo enxofre leves em compostos mais pesados através da reação com compostos insaturados, o dito processo empregando um catalisador em suporte que compreende pelo menos um metal do grupo VIB e pelo menos um metal não nobre do grupo VIII utilizados na forma sulfurizada, depositados sobre um suporte específico contendo um aluminato metálico do tipo MAI~ 2~O~ 4~ com um metal M selecionado do grupo constituído por níquel e cobalto. O processo da invenção consiste em colocar a alimentação em contato com o catalisador a uma temperatura na faixa de 80<198>C até 220<198>C a uma velocidade espacial horária líquida na faixa de 1 h¬ -1¬ até 10 h¬ -1¬ e a uma pressão na faixa de 0,5 até 5 MPa.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR0513173A FR2895415B1 (fr) | 2005-12-22 | 2005-12-22 | Procede d'hydrogenation selective mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur presentant un support specifique |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BRPI0605369A true BRPI0605369A (pt) | 2007-10-16 |
Family
ID=37052763
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI0605369-6A BRPI0605369A (pt) | 2005-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | processo de hidrogenação seletiva que emprega um catalisador com um suporte especìfico |
Country Status (7)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US7736492B2 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP1800749B1 (pt) |
JP (1) | JP2007182567A (pt) |
KR (1) | KR20070066980A (pt) |
CN (1) | CN101205483B (pt) |
BR (1) | BRPI0605369A (pt) |
FR (1) | FR2895415B1 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (17)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR2895414B1 (fr) * | 2005-12-22 | 2011-07-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'hydrogenation selective mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur presentant une porosite controlee |
FR2927267B1 (fr) * | 2008-02-07 | 2010-04-16 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseur d'hydrogenation selective et son procede de preparation |
FR2935389B1 (fr) * | 2008-09-04 | 2012-05-11 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'hydrogenation selective mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur sulfure de composition specifique |
US8017545B2 (en) * | 2008-12-04 | 2011-09-13 | Uop Llc | Dynamic composition for the removal of sulfur from a gaseous stream |
US7811474B2 (en) | 2008-12-04 | 2010-10-12 | Uop Llc | Simultaneous warm gas desulfurization and CO-shift for improved syngas cleanup |
CN103146429B (zh) | 2011-12-06 | 2015-08-19 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | 一种液化气加氢处理的方法 |
FR2993570B1 (fr) * | 2012-07-17 | 2015-12-04 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de production d'une essence legere basse teneur en soufre |
FR2993569B1 (fr) * | 2012-07-17 | 2015-12-04 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de desulfuration d'une essence |
US9806164B1 (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2017-10-31 | The Penn State Research Foundation | Controlled synthesis and transfer of large area heterostructures made of bilayer and multilayer transition metal dichalocogenides |
EP2816094B1 (fr) * | 2013-06-19 | 2020-04-29 | IFP Energies nouvelles | Procédé de production d'une essence à basse teneur en soufre et en mercaptans |
FR3080117B1 (fr) * | 2018-04-11 | 2020-04-03 | IFP Energies Nouvelles | Procede de captation de l'arsenic mettant en œuvre une masse de captation a base de particules d'oxyde de nickel |
EP3822332A1 (en) | 2019-11-13 | 2021-05-19 | Indian Oil Corporation Limited | Catalyst for selective hydrogenation of diolefins and method for preparing catalyst |
CN113559870A (zh) * | 2020-04-28 | 2021-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 重油加氢催化剂及其制备方法和应用 |
FR3109897B1 (fr) | 2020-05-07 | 2023-11-24 | Ifp Energies Now | Catalyseur d’hydrogénation sélective comprenant un support spécifique en partie sous forme aluminate |
FR3109899B1 (fr) | 2020-05-07 | 2023-11-24 | Ifp Energies Now | Catalyseur d’hydrogénation comprenant un support et un ratio NiMo spécifique |
FR3109898B1 (fr) * | 2020-05-07 | 2023-04-14 | Ifp Energies Now | Catalyseur d’hydrogénation sélective comprenant une répartition particulière du nickel et du molybdène |
FR3116831B1 (fr) | 2020-11-27 | 2023-11-03 | Ifp Energies Now | Procede d’hydrogenation selective d’une essence en presence d’un catalyseur sur support meso-macroporeux |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
OA02047A (fr) | 1965-02-13 | 1970-05-05 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procédé d'hydrogenation selective des diolefines. |
GB1379202A (en) * | 1970-11-30 | 1975-01-02 | Shell Int Research | Two-stage hydrocracking process employing a supported nickel- molybdenum catalyst |
GB1415417A (en) * | 1973-10-12 | 1975-11-26 | American Cyanamid Co | Hydrotreating of petroleum distillates using shaped catalyst prtticles |
CA1063586A (en) * | 1974-09-24 | 1979-10-02 | John D. Voorhies | Hydrodesulfurization catalyst, process therefor |
US4456703A (en) * | 1982-05-07 | 1984-06-26 | Exxon Research And Engineering Co. | High surface area nickel aluminate spinel catalyst for steam reforming |
FR2790000B1 (fr) * | 1999-02-24 | 2001-04-13 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production d'essences a faible teneur en soufre |
FR2797639B1 (fr) * | 1999-08-19 | 2001-09-21 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production d'essences a faible teneur en soufre |
FR2837831B1 (fr) * | 2002-03-29 | 2005-02-11 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de production d'hydrocarbures a faible teneur en soufre et en mercaptans |
FR2840316B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-03 | 2005-08-26 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'hydrodesulfuration de coupes contenant des composes soufres et des olefines en presence d'un catalyseur comprenant un element du groupe viii et du tungstene |
FR2840315B1 (fr) * | 2002-06-03 | 2004-08-20 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'hydrodesulfuration de coupes contenant des composes soufres et des olefines en presence d'un catalyseur supporte comprenant des metaux des groupes viii et vib |
FR2850299B1 (fr) * | 2003-01-29 | 2006-12-01 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Catalyseurs partiellement cokes utilisables dans l'hydrotraitement des coupes contenant des composes soufres et des olefines |
FR2857974B1 (fr) * | 2003-07-25 | 2008-01-18 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede de desulfuration d'une charge d'hydrocarbures par adsorption/desorption |
FR2895416B1 (fr) | 2005-12-22 | 2011-08-26 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'hydrogenation selective mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur sulfure |
FR2895414B1 (fr) | 2005-12-22 | 2011-07-29 | Inst Francais Du Petrole | Procede d'hydrogenation selective mettant en oeuvre un catalyseur presentant une porosite controlee |
-
2005
- 2005-12-22 FR FR0513173A patent/FR2895415B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-12-14 EP EP06291972.5A patent/EP1800749B1/fr not_active Not-in-force
- 2006-12-21 US US11/642,974 patent/US7736492B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-12-22 JP JP2006345142A patent/JP2007182567A/ja not_active Ceased
- 2006-12-22 KR KR1020060132517A patent/KR20070066980A/ko not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-12-22 BR BRPI0605369-6A patent/BRPI0605369A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2006-12-22 CN CN2006100643976A patent/CN101205483B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1800749B1 (fr) | 2013-05-15 |
FR2895415A1 (fr) | 2007-06-29 |
JP2007182567A (ja) | 2007-07-19 |
EP1800749A2 (fr) | 2007-06-27 |
KR20070066980A (ko) | 2007-06-27 |
CN101205483B (zh) | 2012-05-23 |
US7736492B2 (en) | 2010-06-15 |
CN101205483A (zh) | 2008-06-25 |
EP1800749A3 (fr) | 2011-04-20 |
US20070187297A1 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
FR2895415B1 (fr) | 2011-07-15 |
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