BR9903379B1 - processo para a preparaÇço de materiais cerÂmicos resistentes a temperaturas elevadas, com um coeficiente de dilataÇço tÉrmica ajustÁvel, e uso dos mesmos. - Google Patents
processo para a preparaÇço de materiais cerÂmicos resistentes a temperaturas elevadas, com um coeficiente de dilataÇço tÉrmica ajustÁvel, e uso dos mesmos.Info
- Publication number
- BR9903379B1 BR9903379B1 BRPI9903379-8A BR9903379A BR9903379B1 BR 9903379 B1 BR9903379 B1 BR 9903379B1 BR 9903379 A BR9903379 A BR 9903379A BR 9903379 B1 BR9903379 B1 BR 9903379B1
- Authority
- BR
- Brazil
- Prior art keywords
- preparation
- high temperature
- thermal expansion
- expansion coefficient
- temperature resistant
- Prior art date
Links
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/167—Means for preventing damage to equipment, e.g. by molten glass, hot gases, batches
- C03B5/1672—Use of materials therefor
- C03B5/1675—Platinum group metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B37/00—Manufacture or treatment of flakes, fibres, or filaments from softened glass, minerals, or slags
- C03B37/08—Bushings, e.g. construction, bushing reinforcement means; Spinnerettes; Nozzles; Nozzle plates
- C03B37/095—Use of materials therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/167—Means for preventing damage to equipment, e.g. by molten glass, hot gases, batches
- C03B5/1672—Use of materials therefor
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03B—MANUFACTURE, SHAPING, OR SUPPLEMENTARY PROCESSES
- C03B5/00—Melting in furnaces; Furnaces so far as specially adapted for glass manufacture
- C03B5/16—Special features of the melting process; Auxiliary means specially adapted for glass-melting furnaces
- C03B5/42—Details of construction of furnace walls, e.g. to prevent corrosion; Use of materials for furnace walls
- C03B5/43—Use of materials for furnace walls, e.g. fire-bricks
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
- C04B35/043—Refractories from grain sized mixtures
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/03—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite
- C04B35/04—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on magnesium oxide, calcium oxide or oxide mixtures derived from dolomite based on magnesium oxide
- C04B35/053—Fine ceramics
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/01—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics
- C04B35/44—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products based on oxide ceramics based on aluminates
- C04B35/443—Magnesium aluminate spinel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/622—Forming processes; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/626—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B
- C04B35/63—Preparing or treating the powders individually or as batches ; preparing or treating macroscopic reinforcing agents for ceramic products, e.g. fibres; mechanical aspects section B using additives specially adapted for forming the products, e.g.. binder binders
- C04B35/6303—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B35/00—Shaped ceramic products characterised by their composition; Ceramics compositions; Processing powders of inorganic compounds preparatory to the manufacturing of ceramic products
- C04B35/66—Monolithic refractories or refractory mortars, including those whether or not containing clay
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/5122—Pd or Pt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/88—Metals
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3217—Aluminum oxide or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. bauxite, alpha-alumina
- C04B2235/3222—Aluminates other than alumino-silicates, e.g. spinel (MgAl2O4)
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Compositions Of Oxide Ceramics (AREA)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803327A DE19803327C2 (de) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-01-29 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen hochtemperaturbeständigen Werkstoffen mit einem einstellbaren thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und deren Verwendung |
EP99113390A EP1072569B1 (de) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-07-10 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen hochtemperaturbeständigen Werkstoffen mit einem einstellbaren thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und deren Verwendung |
US09/359,273 US6274525B1 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-07-22 | Process for making a high temperature-resistant ceramic material with an adjustable thermal expansion coefficient and method of use of same |
BRPI9903379-8A BR9903379B1 (pt) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-03 | processo para a preparaÇço de materiais cerÂmicos resistentes a temperaturas elevadas, com um coeficiente de dilataÇço tÉrmica ajustÁvel, e uso dos mesmos. |
Applications Claiming Priority (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE19803327A DE19803327C2 (de) | 1998-01-29 | 1998-01-29 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen hochtemperaturbeständigen Werkstoffen mit einem einstellbaren thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und deren Verwendung |
EP99113390A EP1072569B1 (de) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-07-10 | Verfahren zur Herstellung von keramischen hochtemperaturbeständigen Werkstoffen mit einem einstellbaren thermischen Ausdehnungskoeffizienten und deren Verwendung |
US09/359,273 US6274525B1 (en) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-07-22 | Process for making a high temperature-resistant ceramic material with an adjustable thermal expansion coefficient and method of use of same |
BRPI9903379-8A BR9903379B1 (pt) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-03 | processo para a preparaÇço de materiais cerÂmicos resistentes a temperaturas elevadas, com um coeficiente de dilataÇço tÉrmica ajustÁvel, e uso dos mesmos. |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
BR9903379A BR9903379A (pt) | 2001-03-13 |
BR9903379B1 true BR9903379B1 (pt) | 2009-01-13 |
Family
ID=27425291
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
BRPI9903379-8A BR9903379B1 (pt) | 1998-01-29 | 1999-08-03 | processo para a preparaÇço de materiais cerÂmicos resistentes a temperaturas elevadas, com um coeficiente de dilataÇço tÉrmica ajustÁvel, e uso dos mesmos. |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US6274525B1 (pt) |
EP (1) | EP1072569B1 (pt) |
BR (1) | BR9903379B1 (pt) |
DE (1) | DE19803327C2 (pt) |
Families Citing this family (21)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE50001898D1 (de) | 1999-06-24 | 2003-05-28 | Siemens Ag | Keramischer werkstoff, verfahren, verwendung und schicht |
DE19944270B4 (de) * | 1999-09-15 | 2005-09-15 | Schott Ag | Verfahren zum Abschirmen von Oberflächen von Werkzeugen der Glasherstellung und der Glasverarbeitung und Werkzeug |
DE10048815C1 (de) | 2000-09-29 | 2002-01-03 | Schott Glas | Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Glasstranges |
JP4234330B2 (ja) * | 2001-02-09 | 2009-03-04 | 品川白煉瓦株式会社 | 不定形耐火組成物 |
US20020134287A1 (en) * | 2001-03-23 | 2002-09-26 | Olin-Nunez Miguel Angel | Method and system for feeding and burning a pulverized fuel in a glass melting furnace, and burner for use in the same |
EP1260289A1 (en) * | 2001-05-21 | 2002-11-27 | University of Patras | Porous plug for treatment of molten metals |
DE10141586C1 (de) * | 2001-08-24 | 2002-10-24 | Schott Glas | Rohrziehnadel, Verfahren und Verwendung für das Vello und Down Draw Verfahren |
DE10160366C2 (de) * | 2001-12-08 | 2003-10-02 | Refractory Intellectual Prop | Gebranntes feuerfestes keramisches Formteil, seine Verwendung und Versatz zur Herstellung des Formteils |
ATE540003T1 (de) * | 2003-10-30 | 2012-01-15 | Umicore Ag & Co Kg | Dannerrohr |
US20070045884A1 (en) * | 2005-08-30 | 2007-03-01 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Procedure for the production of a fireproof ceramic product, use of the product and procedure for the change of a melt with the product |
DE102006040270B4 (de) * | 2006-08-28 | 2009-06-10 | Refractory Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Gebranntes feuerfestes Produkt |
DE102007018610A1 (de) * | 2007-04-18 | 2008-10-23 | Ceramtec Ag Innovative Ceramic Engineering | Keramischer Werkstoff mit einer Zusammensetzung, die auf einen durch einen metallischen Werkstoff vorgegebenen Wärmeausdehnungskoeffizient abgestimmt ist |
KR101641746B1 (ko) * | 2008-12-11 | 2016-07-21 | 아사히 가라스 가부시키가이샤 | 용융 유리 반송 설비 요소 및 유리 제조 장치 |
WO2012022364A1 (en) | 2010-08-18 | 2012-02-23 | Services Petroliers Schlumberger | Compositions and methods for well completions |
US8776551B2 (en) * | 2011-05-23 | 2014-07-15 | Johns Manville | Transverse row bushings having ceramic supports |
JP6584325B2 (ja) * | 2013-02-20 | 2019-10-02 | エリコン メテコ(ユーエス)インコーポレイテッド | 熱溶射被覆のための電気絶縁材料、及び当該材料を基材に適用する方法 |
US11104616B2 (en) * | 2015-09-30 | 2021-08-31 | Apple Inc. | Ceramic having a residual compressive stress for use in electronic devices |
US10759697B1 (en) | 2019-06-11 | 2020-09-01 | MSB Global, Inc. | Curable formulations for structural and non-structural applications |
DE102022125252A1 (de) | 2022-09-30 | 2024-04-04 | Schott Ag | Gießmassen, Verbundmaterial und Rinnensysteme mit stabilisierender Gießmasse |
CN115894051A (zh) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-04 | 贵阳航发精密铸造有限公司 | 一种硅基陶瓷型芯专用烧结收缩调节剂及其制备方法 |
CN116396063B (zh) * | 2023-03-27 | 2024-02-27 | 宜兴金君耐火炉料有限公司 | 一种用于低氧铜杆生产中抵抗铜液侵蚀与剥落的99浇注料 |
Family Cites Families (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE1471174B2 (de) * | 1963-07-27 | 1970-12-03 | General Electric Co., Schenectady, N.Y. (V.St.A.) | Verbundkörper aus Metall und Keramik |
US4400474A (en) * | 1982-04-26 | 1983-08-23 | Uss Engineers & Consultants, Inc. | Basic refractory cementitious material and components thereof |
DE3532228A1 (de) * | 1984-10-02 | 1986-04-17 | Toshiba Ceramics Co., Ltd., Tokio/Tokyo | Feuerfeste zusammensetzung |
DE3445482C2 (de) * | 1984-12-13 | 1986-10-16 | Didier-Werke Ag, 6200 Wiesbaden | Feuerfester Stein |
US5021374A (en) * | 1987-11-17 | 1991-06-04 | Dresser Industries, Inc. | Dead-burned magnesite and magnesia-alumina spinel refractory composition |
EP0531130A3 (en) * | 1991-09-04 | 1993-09-29 | Dresser Industries Inc. | Improved magnesite-spinel refractory product and method for making same |
US5283215A (en) * | 1991-11-26 | 1994-02-01 | Ceramic Co., Ltd. Harima | Refractories for casting process |
JPH07126061A (ja) * | 1993-09-10 | 1995-05-16 | Kounoshima Kagaku Kogyo Kk | マグネシア系焼結体及びその製造方法 |
DE4338484C1 (de) * | 1993-11-11 | 1994-12-01 | Veitsch Radex Ag | Verwendung eines feuerfesten, keramischen Steins auf Basis von MgO zur Auskleidung von Zement-Drehrohröfen |
DE4403869C2 (de) * | 1994-02-08 | 1998-01-15 | Veitsch Radex Ag | Feuerfester keramischer Versatz und dessen Verwendung |
DE19515490A1 (de) | 1995-04-27 | 1996-10-31 | Abb Patent Gmbh | Keramischer Werkstoff sowie Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
DE19518468C2 (de) | 1995-05-19 | 1998-07-16 | Veitsch Radex Ag | Verwendung einer wasserhaltigen, feuerfesten keramischen Gießmasse |
-
1998
- 1998-01-29 DE DE19803327A patent/DE19803327C2/de not_active Revoked
-
1999
- 1999-07-10 EP EP99113390A patent/EP1072569B1/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-07-22 US US09/359,273 patent/US6274525B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1999-08-03 BR BRPI9903379-8A patent/BR9903379B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP1072569B1 (de) | 2002-10-23 |
EP1072569A1 (de) | 2001-01-31 |
BR9903379A (pt) | 2001-03-13 |
DE19803327A1 (de) | 1999-08-05 |
DE19803327C2 (de) | 1999-12-09 |
US6274525B1 (en) | 2001-08-14 |
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