BG61390B1 - Method and device for drying and/or firing of green bricks - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention is used in firing green bricks having vertical hollows in the building materials industry. It reduced the amount of air required for the firing. By the method, the green bricks (2) are arranged in one layer in rows and stacks on transport vehicle for drying (12) and firing (20) and are dried using hot air. The green bricks (2) are placed at such distances in drying and/or firing where they are treated as a monolith block. The device consists of a drier (8) having at least one drying channel and a firing kiln (9). Transport vechicles driven in cycles ate fitted in the drier channel (8), the drying channel and the firing kiln (9) are fitted next to each other, and the drying (12) and firing (20) transport vechicles run in the same direction. The air supply and discharge nozzles, (15, 16) are arranged to change alternatively, and the torches (25) in the kiln are arranged in rows.

Description

Technical field

The invention relates to a method for drying and / or roasting raw bricks, for example crude bricks with vertical cavities, whereby the crude bricks are stacked in rows and rows on a single vehicle and dried through warm air, the distances being between the crude bricks are such that all the crude bricks are treated as a monolithic short (solid) during drying and / or firing.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

By conventional methods, the drying of the crude bricks is carried out in such a way that the crude bricks are stacked on many layers on top of one another and thus enter the dryer. This unfavorable drying arrangement requires more energy and time to dry completely and the innermost brick to the extent that this condition can actually occur. Also, the drying of the dried raw bricks is generally carried out in this way and requires correspondingly higher costs of time and energy.

It is known that the crude brick itself, depending on its chemical, mineralogical and ceramic composition and shape, has a defined drying and firing time which cannot be exceeded by any manipulation.

In order not to exceed this time, it is necessary to choose a different from the traditional one, and without the disadvantages described, the arrangement of the bricks, preferably in a single layer.

DE 3 2758847 discloses a device for the continuous production of baked brick workpieces, in which a tunnel dryer and a tunnel kiln are arranged on top of one another and the workpieces pass through the dryer and the kiln according to the counterflow principle. The blanks are stacked in rows and rows on transport facilities in such a way that warm air can blow the blanks evenly. The blanks remain on the same conveyor for drying as well as the baking process, which eliminates the frequent damage caused by the workpiece blasting and marriage when passing from the drying area to the baking area and thus minimizes the defect .

Such facilities utilize targeted transport platforms for the drying phase, which are more expensive and are designed to withstand the high temperatures that occur during the firing phase. Thus, these facilities operate at a higher cost than anticipated, since the production of such platforms is expensive and excessive energy costs are required to transport them in the drying area.

It is an object of the invention to minimize the amount of air required for baking and / or drying and the physical limits determined by the chemical and ceramic composition and shape of the brick with respect to the duration of baking, respectively. drying of one brick, to be used for drying and firing of many bricks in one automated production.

Another object of the invention is the decisive reduction of energy consumption and the minimization of air mass flows by improving the use of physical air boundaries.

It is also an object of the invention to reduce emissions and to create a maintenance-free device for drying and baking raw bricks.

Technical nature

The problem is solved by a method of this type, in which the distance (K) between the rows oriented in the direction of the movement of the vehicle is greater than the distance / in / between the rows, so that channels are formed between the rows, which serve as alternating alternating filing, respectively. venting.

The method according to the invention makes it possible, in the said arrangement of raw bricks, not to exceed the predetermined minimum duration, both during drying and firing, of the predetermined raw material and form, and for the bricks to leave the equipment completely dried, baked and undamaged, which minimizes the amount of air used and consequently minimizes the emission (emission), which again results in a reduction in the total cost of the facility.

The method is further advantageous in that the distance between the bricks within a row is chosen less or maximum equal to four times the wall thickness of the outer shell of the vertical cavity brick. This creates a symmetrical blowing of each brick and avoids the occurrence of a unilateral suction action, which would again lead to uneven treatment of the bricks.

A particular advantage is that the cross-air flow between the raw bricks is chosen approximately the same size across all blown sides. A particular advantage is also when the arrangement of the arrangement is chosen equally for drying and firing. This results in time savings, especially, because both drying and baking do not need to be rearranged and the method is compact.

Another feature of the method is that the ducts can be considered as an alternative means of air injection, respectively. air extraction, through, respectively. from the horizontal vertical cavities.

Also, this air crawl and its strictly predetermined direction of flow through the vertical cavities guarantee an efficient and complete drying of the bricks, as they are completely purged and blown by air.

Suitably, during the firing of the bricks, the hot gases coming from the burners are forced into the channels between the bricks with vertical cavities, whereby the air from the burners can be laterally fed to the bricks with vertical cavities to produce even faster firing. This injection and suction of air is feasible when the bricks are arranged with their vertical cavities in the direction respectively. transverse to the direction of transport of the vehicle.

In the arrangement of the bricks with vertical voids oriented perpendicular to the transportation direction during drying and firing, it is expedient to pass opposite air, respectively, in adjacent rows of bricks through the vertical voids, respectively. gas flows.

In this case, at least two rows of bricks are purged from the same air, preferably air from the dryer, respectively. the flow of hot gas, to pass through several rows of bricks, a whole transport cycle is recommended. According to the invention, the drying as well as the firing are carried out in the same transport direction, which is especially important for both loading and unloading of the bricks, since it is possible at this stage of the process to follow this process from one place and only by one service worker.

It is further contemplated according to the invention that the air from the oven or the hot gases coming from the burners are conditioned in portions.

Since each of the series bricks is treated as a separate piece according to the invention, less air can be used and this air can be used better, i. can be operated with humidified air: 10 to 20% below the dew point. The saturation coefficient can be reached up to the physical limits of the air.

The air supply is carried out in such a way that the channel of the dryer is divided into sections or zones, for example, one zone corresponds exactly to one platform. The air used in the zones is prepared with a mixing chamber, to which moist air is supplied in the front and hot air is supplied in the rear, and it mixes them.

This way, less air is consumed and the radiation is maintained at a negligible level.

Batch conditioning is also naturally used in baking and can be operated at lower temperatures, since the respective temperatures may approach the minimum required to reach the final baking of the crusher (crushed substance).

This avoids the longitudinal flow through the ducts of the furnace according to the prior art and creates efficient zones in which cross flows are more prevalent.

The method according to the invention is further characterized in that the drying air and / or the hot gas coming from the burners are respectively fed from the two ends of one supply air or respectively. hot gases and / or exhaust duct, wherein the feed rates of the inlet air to the opposite ends of the duct are drying air or respectively. hot gases are different.

In this way, one can control the air flow rate through the arrangement of the bricks and thus to choose at predetermined intervals.

The invention also relates to a device for implementing the method with one dryer and at least one drying channel, and preferably one baking furnace, wherein at least one stroke / cycle / vehicle is arranged in the drying channel at least. drying and, respectively, in the baking channel there is a baking vehicle used to receive the workpieces.

It is an object of the invention to make this device as small as possible in comparison with the prior art devices and thus to reduce construction time and production costs. In addition, the device must be easy to maintain to avoid long downtime for stopping and starting such devices that damage may require a one-month downtime and thus increase costs.

The problem is solved, with the drying duct and the baking furnace located adjacent to each other, so that the vehicles upon drying, respectively. firing of the bricks, move in the same direction so that the loading of the dryer and respectively of the firing channel is carried out on one side, and in that case there are air inlets, respectively. alternative air nozzles, respectively. in the baking furnace the burners are arranged in rows.

It is further contemplated according to the invention that the dryer comprises two overhead channels separated by one another and the tunnel kiln comprises two overhead channels and separate firing channels.

According to other exemplary embodiments, a feed channel for the loaded / loaded / vehicle at the dryer is provided below the passage or the passage channels, and in parallel, respectively outside the tunnel oven, a return channel is provided for the loaded vehicle during firing.

The direction of movement of the vehicles according to the invention enables the operating personnel to be positioned in a convenient manner, on one side only of the device, thereby providing a simple control of the loading and transfer of the dried bricks to the firing vehicle. . In the presence of broken bricks this can be easily established. On the other hand, already baked bricks can cool during the return transport. According to this organization, the brick packing station is located on this side of the unit respectively and is under the eyes of service personnel, which can be greatly reduced.

The vehicles for the bricks are shaped by platforms, conveyor belts, air bags or sledges.

According to the invention, the baking vehicle may have a bottom for receiving the bricks, wherein conical shaped actually forming inverted V guides are arranged between the bricks, in the channels, in the direction of the channel cover (ceiling).

These, preferably chamotte guides, are forced to determine the direction of the air flow, whereby this arrangement is used, especially when the vertical cavities are located along or transversely to the direction of transportation.

According to another embodiment in the upper region of the dryer, spaced apart alternately suction and discharge bodies are provided, wherein these suction or resp. discharge bodies may be lowered or re-raised, respectively, in the direction of the channels between the bricks.

According to the invention, the suction or resp. the discharge bodies are shaped as having air vents at their upper end, respectively. suction lines, rectangular hollow bodies, which have holes for insertion on their opposite side surfaces, respectively. venting.

This arrangement creates another opportunity for direct blowing of the vertical cavities.

According to another embodiment, a cover is provided above the bricks, which has slots for the passage of the suction, respectively. pumping bodies.

According to another exemplary embodiment, the supply air, respectively. the discharge nozzles, drying nozzles and / or firing burners in each transport cycle are arranged in the area of air ducts formed between the brick channels, respectively. composed of hot gases, wall. This ensures, respectively, effective flushing of the vertical cavities and even drying, respectively. firing the bricks.

When orienting the vertical cavities perpendicular to the direction of transportation, it is appropriate to provide that the bottom of the drying vehicle is provided with slits adjacent to each other in such a way that the remaining ribs can be fitted with their respective end portions respectively side by side bricks, in the slits, respectively. below the slit-bottom, alternatively there are air-suction and suction devices, and recesses are provided in the upper area of the dryer, respectively, where two of these recesses are connected to each other in order to effect air circulation. .

The air forced from below through the vertical cavities of the bricks flows into the recesses located at the top of the drying channel, of which two lying adjacent respectively are connected so that the air is turned and blown through the vertical cavities in the next row of bricks.

It is preferable for the air supply to be made on both sides laterally to the drying duct, whereby the air intake velocities at these two inlets can be varied.

By varying the speeds of air intake, it is possible to move the air beam arbitrarily along the channel width.

The vehicles passing through the drying channel and / or firing channel according to the invention for utilizing the full capacity of the device are fed one behind the other, preferably the channels being switched to a single transport cycle of, for example, between 5 and 10 minutes.

Further, the device according to the invention is characterized in that the baking vehicle is provided with a slit bottom so that, respectively, two bricks arranged side by side with their end sections can be arranged on the other ribs, so that the slits are alternatively located burners or respectively. suction devices and, in the firing channel, above the bricks, there is a roof cover, which makes it possible to turn the air over. The burners used are preferably high-speed burners that can be switched on or off in the shortest possible time without regeneration, respectively. start breaks.

According to another feature of the invention, the roof cover is wavy (corrugated), wherein one wave covers two adjacent rows of bricks, respectively. In this way, similar to the inversion of air during drying, a corresponding flow of the same gas through two rows of bricks is achieved here. It is advisable that a gas flow passes through all the rows within a single transport cycle (stroke).

According to the invention, the baking vehicle may be provided with support elements for the whole bottom bricks.

According to another exemplary embodiment, an air outlet tube is provided in the upper area of the duct or drying ducts, which can be rotated about its axis. Through this embodiment, one can control the direction of air outlet.

The device according to the invention, due to its preferred design, has, for both the dryer and the baking furnace, a common emission device (emission) at the inlet side of the drying and baking vehicles.

Thus, compared to conventional devices having separate sources for the drying channel and the firing channel, the emission source is reduced to one. In particular, this can be realized since the channel loads are made only on one side and according to the device the emission sources are always located on the loading side.

In another embodiment, the device is provided on the inlet side of the drying vehicles or respectively. a double-grapple firing process, whereby the dried and roasted bricks, which are returned back through the respective return facilities of the device, are displaced / moved together, in total.

In this way, the back-baked bricks returned to the lowest level are positioned in front of the furnace channel and the dried and baked brick arrays are moved together by the twin trap, whereby the dried bricks enter the firing channel at the end and the baked bricks are submitted for packing.

Description of the attached figures

Figure 1 is a top view of the schematic arrangement of the bricks on a single vehicle;

FIG. 2 is a perspective view of a partial sectional view of FIG. 1;

Figure 3 is a schematic view of the device according to the invention;

4 is a cross-sectional view through the dryer of the apparatus of FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view through the firing channels arranged above each other according to FIG. 3;

figure 6 - a suction, respectively. a pump body of the device according to the invention;

7 is a cross-sectional view through a single arrangement of bricks;

8 is a cross-sectional view through the top of a duct with an air intake pipe;

Fig. 9a is a schematic longitudinal section through one embodiment of the dryer duct;

Figure 9c is a schematic top view of the air ducting of the dryer duct;

Figure 10 is a schematic longitudinal section through one embodiment of the firing channel.

Figure 11 is a form of embodiment of a dual gripper device.

Exemplary embodiment

Figure 1 shows a vehicle in the form of a bogie, on which they are arranged in a single layer in a row 3 intended for drying or respectively. it is preferable to use bricks with vertical cavities, wherein the vertical cavities 4 of the bricks can be arranged transversely in the direction of transport T, also in the direction of transportation of the vehicle or perpendicular to it. In FIG. 2 shows a brick with vertical cavities transverse to the transport direction. The vertical voids themselves are of varying sizes and have a cross-section between circular and slotted. Channels K are formed between rows 3 of the bricks 2 for supplying and exhausting air as well as for pumping hot gases. Bricks of row 3 are stacked apart, which is less than or at least equal to four times the thickness of wall B of the outer shell of the brick with vertical cavities, preferably less than that.

By this arrangement, in which the distances between the bricks in one row, compared to the distances between the individual rows, are relatively small, low purge losses are maintained. The air supplied during the drying of the bricks is distributed as shown in FIG. 4, in each second of the channels 2 formed by the rows 3 of the brick 2, and in particular, is compressed by it through the vertical cavities 4 and, after leaving it, is sucked back from the adjacent channel. This achieves alternating air injection and suction. In the firing according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 5, the hot gas coming from the burners flows into the channels K. The bricks according to the exemplary embodiments of FIG. 1,4 and 5 are placed on floor 5 of the platform. Conveyor belts, airbags or sleds may also be used as vehicles for bricks. Regardless of the type of vehicle, it is extremely important that the bricks be blown and flushed on all sides evenly. One solution to this problem is achieved, in particular, selecting the distance between the bricks within a row 3 less than or at most equal to four times the wall thickness B of the outer shell of the vertical cavity brick / FIG. 2 /. This avoids excessive air leakage through this area, as the entry shown, for example, impedes the suction action. When the vehicle is a bogie, as shown in FIG. 4, it has laterally disposed wheels that move along the rails 13 and 14 of the dryer 8 on the drying channels. FIG. 5 shows the transport platforms in the firing channels 9a and 9b, which are provided with wheels 6 on the bottom of the platform, which move along the floor of each firing channel 7. Said arrangement of the bricks guarantees all bricks to pass through the process. of drying or baking, as if each brick had been individually subjected to this process.

In FIG. 3 shows the entire device for drying and firing the bricks. The apparatus has one preparatory section 10 and one aging hopper 11, in which, on the one hand, the raw material is mixed and finally the raw bricks are produced using a worm press and a cutting device. The bricks are then loaded onto a drying vehicle and passed through the dryer 8. It is constructed over several floors and as shown in FIG. 4, there are two passageways 13 and 14 arranged one above the other in which the vehicles on both floors are inserted in one direction. Preferably, the transport cycle in which the vehicle is moving forward is one period between 5 and 10 minutes, i.e. during this period, one platform leaves one channel with finished bricks and one new platform enters the channel, with the clock cycles of the two channels offset against each other. Each channel 13 and 14 according to the image of FIG. 4 is provided with several air inlet and air outlet nozzles 15,16 which either blow air into the channels formed between rows 3, respectively. it is sucked in from the adjacent channel K. In this way, rows of air walls 15a and 16a are formed. Below these two passageways 13 and 14 above one another, there is an upstream channel 17 for the loaded vehicle 12. The described embodiment of one passageway is adapted, in particular, for the arrangement of bricks with vertical cavities oriented in or transversely to transport, whereby it is logical to have two choices, respectively, as shown in FIG. 9a. Upon leaving the passageways, the vehicles are removed from the lowering device 18 and transported again through the return channel 17 to the exit side of the dryer 8. During the backflushing time, bricks that have not been completely dried may be further dried out due to unforeseen circumstances, for example, when using a not exactly correct recipe. A control station 19 is provided on the front of the device, from which both the drying process and the firing process can be monitored on the one hand and by a service worker.

The dried bricks of each vehicle 12 exiting the return channel 17 are stacked on another firing vehicle 20. The tunnel kiln 9 consists of two, one above the other, firing channels 9a and 9b. The firing channels shown in FIG. 5, a case which is suitable for firing bricks with transversely or transport-oriented vertical cavities is provided with roof burners 25 which are powered by gas supply 26. The roof burners are evenly distributed on the surface and preferably be channel-oriented channels.

Further, the burners are connected to a burner air fan 27. As shown in FIG. 5, the burners can be located on the sides of the duct. This guarantees the complete firing of the bricks.

After leaving the vehicles from the tunnel kiln, they are removed from one device and in each case laterally moved to a parallel passing vehicle outside the tunnel kiln 22 and fed back into the control station 19. This going back is especially advantageous because the baked bricks get a buffer during which they can be cooled.

The bricks arrive relatively cold to the packing station 23 located at the end of the vehicle back feeder and can thus be packaged seamlessly.

The depicted in FIG. 4 venting through the air walls is only one possible embodiment.

Thus, for example, as shown in FIG. 6, use suction, respectively. discharge bodies 28 which are supplied with air through the duct 29 or re-aspirated by the air exiting the bricks. They are hollow bodies and can be lowered, respectively. re-raised, in the channels K between the rows formed by the bricks. Further, the bodies 28 are provided with a plurality of outlets 30 through which the air of the dryer on both sides of the bodies is compressed through the vertical cavities of the bricks and is again sucked into the adjacent row. According to one preferred embodiment, these suction resp. discharge, the bodies are transverse to the transport direction and then, when returning the platform to the transport cycle, must be lifted again from the channels K.

Further, one schematically shown in FIG. 7 is an embodiment in which in the rows between the brackets there are guides 31 which are tapered upwards and thus take the form of an inverted V and affect the direction of flow of air from one nozzle. This flexible air supply ensures optimal ventilation of the bricks. Due to the high temperatures caused by the brick firing, it is recommended that these guide units be made of chamotte.

Another possibility is depicted in FIG. 8, which shows an air duct 33, which is provided at its underside with a slot 34 through which air can be forced on the bricks. The air duct 33 rotates about its axis and thus a limited portion of the bricks can pass.

It is preferable to have a roof cover 35 in the duct above the bricks to minimize the loss of inlet air. This cover is provided with slots to ensure air is drawn in and out.

If the arrangement of the bricks is realized, as indicated in the beginning, vertical cavities 4 oriented perpendicular to the transport direction, for the dryer or respectively. the baking furnace, the embodiments shown in FIG. 9a, 9c and 10.

In FIG. 9a is a cross-sectional view of a passageway in the direction of transportation, wherein the bricks 2 are mounted on a single vehicle provided with slots 36 adjacent to each other, the bricks standing with their edges on the formed ribs 37. the means are selected such that the slots 36 upon stopping come (directly above the injection devices 38 located at the bottom of the duct, respectively, for the suction of air 39. The air from one device 38 is compressed for injection through the vertical cavities of the bricks It is 2 and is inserted over the cracks in the coating portion disposed in the channel grooves 40.

Accordingly, two such recesses 40 are connected to each other via channel 41. Through this, the air is drawn and through the vertical cavities of the bricks from the adjacent row is compressed downward and fed to the device 39 for suction.

According to FIG. 9a, for example, injection and suction devices are provided. It is preferable to use the intake air once in a single stroke, ie. the channel of the dryer is divided into zones, and when the air is too moist - after too many passes - it is drawn through a bypass of regeneration. As each brick of the array is treated as a separate piece (array), it can be operated up to 10% to 20% below the dew point. The air for each zone is conditioned in an unmixed mixing chamber in terms of humidity and temperature.

In FIG. 9c depicts how air is introduced. However, it is obvious that the intake, as well as the extraction of air, is carried out on both sides of the channel. It is recommended that the air intake velocities in the two ducts be different, whereby a regulation can be selected with respect to covering the range of the brick arrangement.

The firing channel for bricks whose vertical cavities are oriented perpendicular to the transportation direction is similarly shown in FIG. 10.

In the case of perpendicular to the direction of transportation oriented bricks, it is further possible to choose the orientation of the brick rows along or transversely to the direction of transportation. According to FIG. 10, the firing groove is shown in cross-section with respect to the direction of transportation, and there are provided respectively slots 36 in the firing vehicle, wherein the bricks 2 with their end portions are arranged on the ribs 37. Alternatively arranged in these depressions burners 42 and suction devices, in which the burners are advisable to be high-speed, thereby achieving optimum energy transfer to the bricks.

The hot gas blows through the vertical cavities of the bricks from below and deflects on the upper side of the firing channel from a roof cover and is again pumped through the bricks from the adjacent row of bricks with vertical cavities.

The roof cover 43 is preferably formed in a wavy manner, wherein a wave comprises two adjacent rows of bricks.

Also, when firing the bricks, the hot gases coming from the burners are conditioned in portions, ie. the firing channel is divided into zones. By doing this, lower temperatures can be operated and, by conditioning, the temperatures can be brought closer to the value required to achieve the required thermal conductivity of the chips. In this case it is preferable that the cross-flows are predominantly predominant.

By negligible air consumption, respectively. hot gases, insignificant emission is also achieved. As described, the overall observed cycles, namely the rearrangement of the dried bricks, which can easily be damaged, and the packing of the bricks is carried out on one side of the device - within the control station 19.

Due to the general loading directions of both the drying channel and the firing channel, the device can be provided with only one radiation / emission device / 45, which, in contrast to the two radiation sources used in conventional equipment, is achieved here saving money in the production of the facility.

In FIG. lie illustrates another embodiment of the apparatus, wherein a dual gripper (44) is provided in the loading area. 44 baked bricks coming through the back feed are moved to the lowest level in front of the firing channel (arrow a). Also on the lower level are the bricks already brought back from the dryer.

The dual gripper grips both the dried and the baked bricks at the same time and moves them in the direction indicated by the arrow. The dried bricks are then placed in the starting position for filling the baking channel, and the baked bricks can be packed.

There is a possibility that without the involvement of the return channel 17, the bricks are processed and refined on the back of the device. The cost savings for the return ducts are fully absorbed by the disadvantage, since the bricks do not have time to dry. In addition, the unloading of the bricks cannot be monitored without an auxiliary and the entire unit cannot be serviced by a single employee.

As the design of the device is simplified, maintenance is also simplified, and despite its high performance, it is relatively small. As a result, the construction time of the facility is reduced and the cost of legalizing it is reduced.

Claims (37)

Claims 1. A method for drying and / or baking raw bricks, for example, bricks with vertical cavities, wherein the raw bricks are stacked in rows and rows on a single vehicle and the drying is carried out by warm air, the distances between the raw bricks being such that all raw bricks during drying and / or firing are treated as a separate, single array, characterized in that the distance (K) between the rows oriented in the direction of the vehicle is greater than the distance / in / between rows so that channels are formed between the rows to serve as alternating pivoting, respectively. venting. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the distance (in) between the bricks within one row (3) is chosen less than or maximum equal to four times the thickness (B) of the wall of the outer shell of the vertical cavities. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bricks with vertical cavities are arranged with the transverse direction oriented (T) (vertical cavities) (4). Method according to Claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the bricks with vertical cavities are arranged with transport-oriented / T / vertical cavities. A method according to claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the bricks with vertical cavities are arranged with the perpendicular to the direction of transport / T / vertical cavities oriented. Method according to the preceding claims, characterized in that the arrangement of the arrangement of the bricks is selected equally for drying as well as firing. The method according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that the channels are alternatively alternating air injection means, respectively. air extraction, through, respectively. from the horizontal vertical cavities / FIG. 4, 5 /. A method according to claims 3 and 4, characterized in that, when firing the bricks, the hot gas coming from the burners is forced into the channels (K) between the bricks with vertical cavities. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that the hot gases coming from the burners are fed laterally to the bricks with vertical cavities. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that, when drying bricks with vertical cavities oriented perpendicularly to the direction of transportation, antifouling air flows through the vertical cavities in the adjacent rows of bricks. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that when roasting bricks with vertical voids oriented perpendicular to the direction of transportation, counteracting flows of hot gases are introduced into the adjacent rows of bricks through the vertical voids. A method according to claims 10 and 11, characterized in that the air for the dryer or respectively. the hot gases are forced (t) through a series of bricks and, after turning, are drawn (t) again through the vertical cavities of the bricks of the adjacent rediped. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that the air from the dryer or respectively. the hot gas coming from the burners is conditioned (t) in portions. A method according to claim 12, characterized in that both drying and baking are carried out in the same transport direction. A method according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the drying air and / or the hot gases coming from the burners are respectively fed from the two ends of one supply air and / or the hot gases, respectively. venting and / or hot gases. A method according to claim 15, characterized in that the air and / or hot gas intake velocities of the inlet and / or hot gases fed to the opposite ends of the channel are different. A method of realizing the method according to claims 1 to 16, comprising a dryer with at least one drying channel and a baking furnace, wherein at least a moving vehicle for drying is arranged in the dryer channel, and respectively in the furnace channel there is a vehicle for firing for receiving the bricks, characterized in that the drying channel / 8 / and the furnace / 9 / are adjacent to each other and that the vehicles for drying / 12 /, resp. the firing of the bricks are arranged to move in one and the opposite direction so that the loading of the drying channel (8) and respectively of the firing channel is carried out on one side and that the nozzles (15,16) in the dryer are arranged alternatively alternating, respectively. in the baking furnace the burners are arranged in rows. A device according to claim 17, characterized in that the transport vehicles for the bricks can be platforms, conveyor belts, airbags or sledges. A device according to claim 18, characterized in that the baking vehicle has a bottom for receiving the bricks, wherein conical, in fact forming inverted V are arranged between the bricks in the channels in the direction of the channel cover (ceiling). leading devices. | 20. The device according to claim 17, wherein the upper region of the dryer (8) is provided with: distance from each other, alternatively subsequent suction, respectively. pumping, bodies / 28 / and that these suction, respectively. Forcing, bodies can be lowered and re-raised in the direction of the channels (K) between the bricks. 21. A device according to claim 20, characterized in that a roof cover (35) is provided above the bricks (2), which has slots for penetration of the suction lines or respectively. discharge units / 28 /. A device according to claim 17, characterized in that it is air-operated or respectively. discharge, nozzles for drying and / or firing torches are arranged for formation in each transport cycle, in the area of air-spaces formed between the brick ducts (K), respectively. a wall of groves of gases. 23. A device according to claim 17, characterized in that the bottom of the drying vehicle (12) is provided with slots (36) arranged adjacent to each other such that the remaining ribs (37) can be positioned through the end members their sections respectively two adjacent bricks / 2 / in a row, that in the slits, respectively. below the slits (36) at the bottom, alternatively there are devices (38, 39) for air injection and suction and that recesses (40) corresponding to the slots (40) are provided in the upper area of the dryer, in which two of these depressions are respectively connected with each other to be ^! reverse the air. A device according to claim 23, characterized in that the air supply from both sides is made laterally to the drying channel and that the air intake rates from both sides are variable. A device according to claim 23, characterized in that the baking vehicle (20) is provided with slots (36) at the bottom in such a way that two adjacent bricks (2) of a series of bricks with their end brackets respectively sections may be arranged on the other ribs / 37 / ', that in the slots / 36 / alternatively there are burners / 42 /, respectively. suction devices, and that a roof cover (38) is provided in the baking passage above the bricks, which makes it possible to turn the air over. Apparatus according to one of Claims 17, 23 or 25, characterized in that the vehicles passing through the drying channel and / or firing channel are fed one after the other. Apparatus according to claim 25, characterized in that the burners are high-speed burners. A device according to claim 25, characterized in that the roof cover is wavy, wherein one wave extends two adjacent rows of bricks, respectively. Device according to one of Claims 7 to 28, characterized in that the dryer (8) comprises two overhangs, separated by a passageway (13, 14). Apparatus according to one of Claims 17 to 28, characterized in that the tunnel kiln (9) comprises two overlapping channels (9a, 9b) separated from each other. A device according to claim 7 or 29, characterized in that a feed channel (15) for the loaded drying vehicle (12) is provided below the passage or passageways (13, 14). A device according to claim 17 or 30, characterized in that, parallel to the tunnel furnace (9), but outside it, there is a feed channel (22) for the loaded firing vehicle (20). 33. A device according to claim 17, characterized in that the baking vehicle (20) has a single bottom with elements (24) provided therefor for placing the bricks (2). A device according to claim 17, characterized in that an air outlet tube is provided in the upper area of the drying duct or drying ducts, and that the inlet duct rotates about its axis. 35. A device according to claim 17, characterized in that both the dryer (8) and the tunnel kiln (9) on the inlet side of the vehicles (12, 20) for drying or respectively. firing, a common broadcasting facility / emission / / 45 / is provided in the apparatus. 36. A device according to claim 17, characterized in that at the inlet side of the drying vehicles (12,20) or respectively. firing, a dual gripper (gripper) is provided, whereby the backs through the respective return channels (15, 22) of the device to the lowest level of the dried and baked bricks are simultaneously moved together. A device according to claim 20, characterized in that the suction or resp. the pumping bodies (28) are shaped as provided at their upper end with an air inlet, respectively. air-suction, wire / 29 / rectangular hollow bodies and that they have openings / 30 / on their opposite side surfaces for air intake and expulsion.