AU713901B2 - Compositions and insulation bodies having low thermal conductivity - Google Patents
Compositions and insulation bodies having low thermal conductivity Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- AU713901B2 AU713901B2 AU44218/97A AU4421897A AU713901B2 AU 713901 B2 AU713901 B2 AU 713901B2 AU 44218/97 A AU44218/97 A AU 44218/97A AU 4421897 A AU4421897 A AU 4421897A AU 713901 B2 AU713901 B2 AU 713901B2
- Authority
- AU
- Australia
- Prior art keywords
- composition
- gel
- equal
- less
- carbon black
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Ceased
Links
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 379
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 title claims description 53
- 239000000499 gel Substances 0.000 claims description 211
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 claims description 97
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 claims description 55
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 45
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 28
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052774 Proactinium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019241 carbon black Nutrition 0.000 description 81
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 65
- IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N chlorotrimethylsilane Chemical compound C[Si](C)(C)Cl IJOOHPMOJXWVHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 59
- 239000008187 granular material Substances 0.000 description 55
- IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Heptane Chemical compound CCCCCCC IMNFDUFMRHMDMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 42
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 41
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 36
- 239000005051 trimethylchlorosilane Substances 0.000 description 29
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 26
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 24
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 22
- -1 sulfophenyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 21
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 19
- 239000002243 precursor Substances 0.000 description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 19
- 150000001721 carbon Chemical class 0.000 description 18
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 18
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 17
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 16
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 15
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 13
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 11
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 238000012993 chemical processing Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 description 10
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000012954 diazonium Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001989 diazonium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 10
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 10
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 9
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 8
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011240 wet gel Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 150000001450 anions Chemical class 0.000 description 6
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004448 titration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000004743 Polypropylene Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920006362 Teflon® Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004964 aerogel Substances 0.000 description 5
- 150000004703 alkoxides Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 description 5
- 239000003575 carbonaceous material Substances 0.000 description 5
- DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N dibutyl phthalate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OCCCC DOIRQSBPFJWKBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000012774 insulation material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229920001155 polypropylene Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000004965 Silica aerogel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000012298 atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000524 functional group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 4
- 125000001997 phenyl group Chemical group [H]C1=C([H])C([H])=C(*)C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 4
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004775 Tyvek Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920000690 Tyvek Polymers 0.000 description 3
- MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Zr]=O MCMNRKCIXSYSNV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 150000001412 amines Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 125000001624 naphthyl group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 230000001698 pyrogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000012429 reaction media Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,6-dihydroxybenzaldehyde Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1C=O DGXAGETVRDOQFP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-aminobenzenesulfonic acid Chemical compound NC1=CC=C(S(O)(=O)=O)C=C1 HVBSAKJJOYLTQU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920000877 Melamine resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229910010413 TiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003010 ionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 239000003605 opacifier Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011236 particulate material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000005496 phosphonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 125000001453 quaternary ammonium group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N resorcinol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1 GHMLBKRAJCXXBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000003980 solgel method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 description 2
- 238000000352 supercritical drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- YUUDLHZAWCQVDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-sulfobenzenediazonium;hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].OS(=O)(=O)C1=CC=C([N+]#N)C=C1 YUUDLHZAWCQVDJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920013683 Celanese Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 241000721047 Danaus plexippus Species 0.000 description 1
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004235 Orange GGN Substances 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phenol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC=C1 ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910006069 SO3H Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 241000872198 Serjania polyphylla Species 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229920006328 Styrofoam Polymers 0.000 description 1
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000007513 acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000004645 aluminates Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O ammonium group Chemical group [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 description 1
- 125000000129 anionic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004982 aromatic amines Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010426 asphalt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001555 benzenes Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 125000002843 carboxylic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000001913 cellulose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002678 cellulose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000007385 chemical modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010981 drying operation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001495 ethyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([H])* 0.000 description 1
- OJXAWHVSNJPTNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde 1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound C=O.C=O.N1=C(N)N=C(N)N=C1N.N1=C(N)N=C(N)N=C1N OJXAWHVSNJPTNX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N formaldehyde;1,3,5-triazine-2,4,6-triamine Chemical compound O=C.NC1=NC(N)=NC(N)=N1 IVJISJACKSSFGE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000002367 halogens Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000013980 iron oxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical class [O-2].[Fe+2] VBMVTYDPPZVILR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052743 krypton Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N krypton atom Chemical compound [Kr] DNNSSWSSYDEUBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 1
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N methanone Chemical compound O=[14CH2] WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-NJFSPNSNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012299 nitrogen atmosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010943 off-gassing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000036961 partial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005453 pelletization Methods 0.000 description 1
- ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonic acid group Chemical group P(O)(O)=O ABLZXFCXXLZCGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006069 physical mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002985 plastic film Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006255 plastic film Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 159000000001 potassium salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000452 restraining effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001878 scanning electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001179 sorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008261 styrofoam Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229950000244 sulfanilic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 125000000626 sulfinic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfuric acid Substances OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012956 testing procedure Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012795 verification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Insulation (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Oxygen, Ozone, And Oxides In General (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US08/721797 | 1996-09-27 | ||
| US08/721,797 US5877100A (en) | 1996-09-27 | 1996-09-27 | Compositions and insulation bodies having low thermal conductivity |
| PCT/US1997/016520 WO1998013135A1 (en) | 1996-09-27 | 1997-09-18 | Compositions and insulation bodies having low thermal conductivity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU4421897A AU4421897A (en) | 1998-04-17 |
| AU713901B2 true AU713901B2 (en) | 1999-12-16 |
Family
ID=24899342
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU44218/97A Ceased AU713901B2 (en) | 1996-09-27 | 1997-09-18 | Compositions and insulation bodies having low thermal conductivity |
Country Status (11)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US5877100A (https=) |
| EP (1) | EP0930935A1 (https=) |
| JP (2) | JP2001502367A (https=) |
| KR (1) | KR20000048699A (https=) |
| CN (1) | CN1104944C (https=) |
| AU (1) | AU713901B2 (https=) |
| CA (1) | CA2266906A1 (https=) |
| HU (1) | HUP0000067A3 (https=) |
| TR (1) | TR199901377T2 (https=) |
| TW (1) | TW371273B (https=) |
| WO (1) | WO1998013135A1 (https=) |
Families Citing this family (37)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6043172A (en) * | 1998-01-14 | 2000-03-28 | Global Consulting, Inc. | Ceramic fiber insulation material |
| US6485805B1 (en) * | 1998-01-15 | 2002-11-26 | Cabot Corporation | Multilayer insulation composite |
| DE69914385T2 (de) * | 1998-03-06 | 2004-11-04 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd., Kadoma | Wiederverwendung von vernetztem Phenolharz |
| US6544618B1 (en) * | 1999-05-06 | 2003-04-08 | Cabot Corporation | Thermally reflective layer-porous metal oxide film insulation composite |
| US6824820B1 (en) | 1999-06-07 | 2004-11-30 | 3M Innovative Properties Company | Polyurea-based adhesives, articles therefrom and methods of their preparation and use |
| BR0115523A (pt) * | 2000-12-22 | 2003-09-16 | Aspen Aerogels Inc | Compósito |
| US7222821B2 (en) * | 2001-11-21 | 2007-05-29 | Matos Jeffrey A | Method and apparatus for treating fuel to temporarily reduce its combustibility |
| US8042771B2 (en) | 2007-05-25 | 2011-10-25 | Karl F. Milde, Jr. | Method and apparatus for treating fuel to temporarily reduce its combustibility |
| US20040018336A1 (en) * | 2002-07-29 | 2004-01-29 | Brian Farnworth | Thermally insulating products for footwear and other apparel |
| WO2005003618A1 (ja) | 2003-07-04 | 2005-01-13 | Matsushita Electric Industrial Co., Ltd. | 真空断熱材とそれを用いた機器 |
| US20060035054A1 (en) * | 2004-01-05 | 2006-02-16 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | High performance vacuum-sealed insulations |
| JP4245514B2 (ja) * | 2004-05-24 | 2009-03-25 | 日信工業株式会社 | 炭素繊維複合材料及びその製造方法、炭素繊維複合金属材料の製造方法、炭素繊維複合非金属材料の製造方法 |
| WO2006002440A2 (en) * | 2004-06-29 | 2006-01-05 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Energy efficient and insulated building envelopes |
| JP2008511537A (ja) * | 2004-09-01 | 2008-04-17 | アスペン エアロジェルス，インク． | 真空封入された高性能断熱材 |
| US8011151B2 (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2011-09-06 | Robert William Pollack | Multi-layer building insulation and wallboard sheet with multi-layer insulation |
| WO2006091812A2 (en) * | 2005-02-25 | 2006-08-31 | Aspen Aerogels, Inc. | Insulated roofing systems |
| US8003028B2 (en) * | 2005-07-26 | 2011-08-23 | The Boeing Company | Composite of aerogel and phase change material |
| WO2008055244A2 (en) | 2006-10-31 | 2008-05-08 | Sensient Colors Inc. | Modified pigments and methods for making and using the same |
| US7953247B2 (en) | 2007-05-21 | 2011-05-31 | Snap-On Incorporated | Method and apparatus for wheel alignment |
| EP3483222A3 (en) | 2007-08-23 | 2019-08-07 | Sensient Colors LLC | Self-dispersed pigments and methods for making and using the same |
| US20090173570A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-09 | Levit Natalia V | Acoustically absorbent ceiling tile having barrier facing with diffuse reflectance |
| US20090173569A1 (en) * | 2007-12-20 | 2009-07-09 | E. I. Du Pont De Nemours And Company | Acoustic absorber with barrier facing |
| DE102008040367A1 (de) | 2008-07-11 | 2010-02-25 | Evonik Degussa Gmbh | Bauteil zur Herstellung von Vakuumisolationssystemen |
| DE102008046444A1 (de) | 2008-09-09 | 2010-03-11 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Fassadenplatte, System und Verfahren zur Energiegewinnung |
| EP2417202A2 (en) | 2009-04-07 | 2012-02-15 | Sensient Colors LLC | Self-dispersing particles and methods for making and using the same |
| WO2011020671A1 (de) | 2009-08-20 | 2011-02-24 | Evonik Röhm Gmbh | Dämmplatte aus kunststoff, system und verfahren zur wärmedämmung |
| JP5669617B2 (ja) * | 2011-02-21 | 2015-02-12 | 株式会社トクヤマ | エアロゲル及び該エアロゲルを用いた断熱材 |
| FR2996850B1 (fr) * | 2012-10-17 | 2016-01-08 | Hutchinson | Composition thermiquement isolante pour gel monolithique organique ou son pyrolysat, son utilisation et son procede de preparation. |
| FR2996849B1 (fr) * | 2012-10-17 | 2015-10-16 | Hutchinson | Composition pour gel organique ou son pyrolysat, son procede de preparation, electrode constituee du pyrolysat et supercondensateur l'incorporant. |
| US9557009B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2017-01-31 | General Electric Company | Gas reservoir and a method to supply gas to plasma tubes |
| US9330876B2 (en) | 2013-11-06 | 2016-05-03 | General Electric Company | Systems and methods for regulating pressure of a filled-in gas |
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-
1997
- 1997-09-09 TW TW086113047A patent/TW371273B/zh active
- 1997-09-18 AU AU44218/97A patent/AU713901B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-18 EP EP97942540A patent/EP0930935A1/en not_active Withdrawn
- 1997-09-18 HU HU0000067A patent/HUP0000067A3/hu unknown
- 1997-09-18 TR TR1999/01377T patent/TR199901377T2/xx unknown
- 1997-09-18 CN CN97199944A patent/CN1104944C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1997-09-18 WO PCT/US1997/016520 patent/WO1998013135A1/en not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-18 KR KR1019990702654A patent/KR20000048699A/ko not_active Ceased
- 1997-09-18 CA CA002266906A patent/CA2266906A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1997-09-18 JP JP10515721A patent/JP2001502367A/ja not_active Withdrawn
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2008
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| EP0068684A1 (en) * | 1981-06-12 | 1983-01-05 | National Research Development Corporation | Preparation of particulate gels |
| US5397807A (en) * | 1993-10-14 | 1995-03-14 | The Dow Chemical Company | Compatibilized carbon black and a process and a method for using |
| WO1996018456A2 (en) * | 1994-12-15 | 1996-06-20 | Cabot Corporation | Gel composition containing carbonaceous compound |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP0930935A1 (en) | 1999-07-28 |
| HUP0000067A2 (hu) | 2000-06-28 |
| TW371273B (en) | 1999-10-01 |
| JP2009058130A (ja) | 2009-03-19 |
| US5877100A (en) | 1999-03-02 |
| CA2266906A1 (en) | 1998-04-02 |
| JP2001502367A (ja) | 2001-02-20 |
| WO1998013135A1 (en) | 1998-04-02 |
| KR20000048699A (ko) | 2000-07-25 |
| TR199901377T2 (xx) | 1999-11-22 |
| AU4421897A (en) | 1998-04-17 |
| CN1104944C (zh) | 2003-04-09 |
| HUP0000067A3 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
| CN1238713A (zh) | 1999-12-15 |
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| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) |