AU604852B2

AU604852B2 - Ceramic slab for floor covering

Info

Publication number: AU604852B2
Application number: AU12430/88A
Authority: AU
Inventors: Martin Bard
Original assignee: Buchtal GmbH
Current assignee: Buchtal GmbH
Priority date: 1987-02-10
Filing date: 1988-02-10
Publication date: 1991-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2008-02-10
Also published as: JPH01502683A; EP0278584A1; PT86743A; DE3725856A1; AU1243088A; EP0301062A1; DE8816881U1; WO1988006219A1

Description

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AU-AI -12430/88 WELTORGANIS R GESTIC

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INTERNATIONALE ANMELDUNG VFOENTELXCH,1?1RARi1 OBER- RIR INTERNATIONALE ZUSAMMENARB-EIT AUF DEM GE'BIET DES FATENTWESENS (PCT) (51) Internationale Patentklassifikation 4 (11) Internationale Verdffentlichungsnummer: WO 88/ 06219 IE04F 15/02, 15/22 Al (43) Internationales Verorrfentlichungsdatumn: 25. August 1988 (25.08.88) (21) Internationales Aktenzeichen: PCT/EP88/00 100 (81) Bestimmungsstaaten: AT (europaisches Patent), AU, BE (europiisches Patent), CH (europiiisches Patent), (22) Internationales Anmeldedatum: DE (europifisohes Patent), FR (europfiisches Patent), Februar 1988 (10.02.88) GB (europdisches Patent), IT (europaisches Patent), JP, LU (europaisches Patent), NL (europaisches Patent), SE (europaisches Patent), US.

(31) Prioritiitsa ktenzeic hen: P 37 04 096.0 P 37 25 856.7 VerOffretlicht (32) Priorititsdaten: 10. Februar 1987 (10.02.87) Mit internationalem Recherchenbericht.

4. August 1987 (04.08.87) (33) Priorititsland: DE (71) Anmelder (far alle Bestimmungsstaaten ausser US): BUGHTAL GESELLSCHAFT MIT BESCHRANK- A..3..13 CT18 TER HAFTUNG [DE/DE]; Buchtalweg, D-8472 AUJP 3OT18 Schwarzenfeld (72) Erfinder; und j AUSTRALIAN ErfinderlAnmelder (nur fiir US) BARD, Martin (DE/ 14SP~8 DE]; Semninargasse 26, D-8450 Amberg 14SP18 (74) Anwi1te: BOCKHORNI, Josef-, Postfach 70 02 09, (DE) PATENT OFFICE (54) Title: CERAMIC SLAB FOR FLOOR COVERING (54) Rezeichnung: KERAMISCRE PLATTE ZUR BILDUNG EINES BODENBELAGES This doc_)umne't contains the an,cidfl3cfts made under t -,,ction 49 and is correct for priting.

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(57) Abstract Ceramic slab ready to lay,'provided with a vibration-absorbent layer on the under-side.

(57) ZusamnnienfaSUng Eline keramische Platte ist als 'verlegefertige Einheit mit einem schwingungsrtuiiipfen'Belag auf derder Sichtseite abgewendeten Seite der Platten versehen.

A ceramic tile for forming a floor covering The present invention relates to a ceramic tile according to the introductory part of claim 1.

Ceramic floor coverings are laid on uninterrupted subfloors either with hydraulically binding thick-bed mortars or else with the aid of adhesive mortars, such as cement-bound thin-bed mortars, adhesives or synthetic resins, dispersion binders or reaction resin binders which are free from water and solvent.

When using thick-bed mortars, mortar bed thicknesses of to 30 mm are customary, whereas with the thin-bed method the adhesive layer thickness is only a few mm, about 3 mm on the average, Regardless of these different installation thicknesses, to which the wall thickness of the selected ce! .mic tiles must be added, these methods share the disadvantage of insufficient sound insulation in the case of direct application to solid floors. In order to be able to use these coverings with their indisputable advantages while at the same time achieving sufficient sound improvement, in particular for the footfall sound, one must insert floating floors which require an overall height of 30 to 40 mm additionally and are also expensive.

The requirements for an improvement of 19 dB for solid floors of Group II as set down in German Industrial Standard DIN 4109 cannot be ensured by ceramic coverings without such elaborate measures that increase the structural dimensions.

This is particularly noticeable when renovating old buildings.

Solutions for ceramic floor coverings that go beyond the previous installation dimeniisions of old coverings to be removed constitute a threshold for application that can only be overcome with great effort, if at all. Furthermore, the known methods of laying ceramic floor coverings generally involve the use of hydraulic mortars which require the use of about 40 to water, relative to the weight of the dry mortar substance, and can cause undesirable side effects when renovating old buildings due to the moisture applied.

The object of the invention is thus to provide a ceramic 2 tile as a floor covering which has a small installation thickness but still ensures a sufficiently high degree of improvement in the footfall sound insulation, without any need for hydraulically setting mortars, and allows for easy laying.

This object is achieved according to the invention by the features contained in the characterizing part of claim i. Expedient developments are characterized by the features contained in the other claims.

According to the invention, the tiles are laid via a vibration-absorbent covering, i.e. a covering with sufficient footfall sound insulation, by means of which the tiles connected with the vibration-absorbent covering to form a ready-to-lay unit are applied permanently with the aid of a suitable adhesive to the subfloor determined by the builder and optionally provided with compensating floor pavement.

In a special design, the covering can itself form the adhesive, but it is preferable for the vibration-absorbent covering to be already applied by the factory to the side facing the subfloor with an adhesive, so that the tile and the vibrationabsorbent covering form a ready-to-lay unit which need only be applied to the subfloor by means of an adhesive. This possible solution allows for very fast and easy laying of the tiles while avoiding troublesome handling of adhesive or the use of inappropriate adhesives on the construction site. Due to exact coordination between the tile and the covering or adhesive, the prefabricated unit makes it possible to achieve a firm compound of the unit, ensuring permanent and reliable laying.

A coating fully covering the side of the ceramic tile facing away from the visible side would mean, during subsequent laying, that the pointing material has no back grip behind the S1 tiles during the necessary pointing. By slightly taking back the covering behind the tile edges, one ensures such a back grip and also provides a larger area per edge length for anchoring the joint material to the subfloor, which has a decisive effect on the mechanical adhesive force of the joint material.

It has generally turned out that the vibration-absorbent iL covering as used according to the invention satisfies the mini-

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S I V 3 mum requirements for improving the footfall sound insulation in accordance with the above-mentioned DIN Standard 4109 (Sheet 2) if it has a layer thickness of 2 mm. However, t ie 19 dB required by this standard can be selectively increased by accordingly increasing the layer thicknesses of such vibration-absorbent coverings. This means that the invention is characterized by an extremely low installation height for the floor covering and the footfall sound insulation, so that it is especially suitable for renovating old buildings.

It can easily be seen that a ceramic tile which is coated in the inventive way with the vibration-absorbent covering and provided with an adhesive, placed for the first time on the subfloor at the construction site, immediately enters into such an intimate bond with the aid of the adhesive that it is barely possible to realign the tile with respect to a desired joint pattern or the like. It is therefore expedient to provide the covering on its laying side with recesses which later serve to take up suitable laying aids. These laying aids are expediently designed to be so rigid, after being inserted into the recesses provided therefor in the covering, and placed on the subfloor, that they bear the tile's own weight without falling short of the initially predetermined distance from the lower edge of the tile to the subfloor, which the laying person needs for pushing the tile into the desired position with his fingertips. However, the laying aids must then be capable of being compressed under the effect of low pressure onto the surface of the tile so as to have only the (layer) thickness of the vibration-absorbent covering. Such placing aids made of special cellular material or of hollow glass have proved very useful.

To achieve a minimal installation thickness of the tile covering using ceramic tiles with small wall thicknesses of 6 mm, for example, it has proved to be particularly advantageous to form the vibration-absorbent covering from a material consisting of 40% of bitumen with special plastic additives and about 60% of organic fillers. Such materials are known from commercially available antidrumming compounds as used for automobiles.

U Adhesives that have proved useful for the inventive applio: _o.

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4 cation are in particular those based on polyacrylate. A polyethylene film silicon-treated on one side serves to cover such self-adhesive coatings until they are used on the construction site.

Due to the relative brittleness of ceramic tiles, one would normally, especially in the case of thin-walled ceramic tiles as preferably used according to the invention, have looked for connecting materials between the subfloor and these ceramic tiles which increase the breaking strength, i.e. rigid materials with good reinforcement properties for the compound body consisting of the ceramic tile and the connecting material. But, surprisingly enough, the combination of two materials with completely contrary elasticity behavior shows very satisfactory values for compression strength in spite of small layer thicknesses. In particular the reliefing provided on the back of the ceramic tile, which has lw amplitude compared to the

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total tile thickness, is of importance here since it is capable of providing the necessary displacement space for the relatively elastic vibration-absorbent covering for compensating slight unevenness in the floor, on the one hand, and of ensuring a perfect fit of the ceramic tile with the subfloor, on the other hand. There are thus no flat hollows under the ceramic covering which could constitute weak points for breaking stresses.

Ceramic tiles with a wall thickness of 6 mm and a groove amplitude height of 0.5 mm are particularly suitable here.

Due to the low installation thicknesses of the inventive floor formation, its good sound insulation value and the lack of hydraulically binding mortar, its application is especially favorable for renovating old buildings.

In the following, exemplary embodiments of the invention shall be described with reference to the drawing, in which Fig. 1 shows a schematic sectional view of part of a floor formation, Fig. 2 shows a schematic sectional view of part of a floor formation with a joint, Fig. 3 shows a top view of the side of a tile facing away from the visible side, and S Fig. 4 shows a sectional view of a ceramic tile likewise 1 irr i -I with a vibration-absorbent covering.

Fig. 1 indicates that the floor formation is composed of a ceramic tile 1 and a vibration-absorbent covering 2 which, in the embodiment of Fig. 1, is attached as a ready-to-lay unit to a subfloor 3 by means of an adhesive layer 4. As shown by Fig.

1, vibration-absorbent covering 2 is provided here on the side of the tile facing away from the visible side.

Fig. 2 shows a joint formation 5 which is designed to have a back grip as a result of the recessing of vibration-absorbent covering 2. That is, it extends between the lower edge of ceramic tiles 1 and the upper edge of subfloor 3 and covers a larger area of subfloor 3 than would be the case if the covering extended directly as far as the edge of tile 1.

Fig. 3 shows a top view of a tile 1 bearing a vibrationabsorbent covering 2 on its side facing away from the visible side, whereby the covering has recesses 6 for taking up laying aids.

Finally, Fig. 4 indicates the reliefingr- acrrc t as-7', on the side of tile 1 facing the vibration-absorbent covering, which creates a displacement space for the vibration-absorbent covering.

Claims

1. A ceramic tile for forming a floor covering, said tile adapted to be attached to a base such as floor pavement by means of an adhesive, wherein the ceramic tile is provided with a vibration-absorbent covering which is attached by adhesive to the side of the ceramic tile facing away from the visible side.

2. The ceramic tile of claim 1, wherein the vibration-absorbent covering is provided with an adhesive layer for ceramic tiles on the side facing the tile.

3. The ceramic tile of claim 1 or 2, wherein the S vibration-absorbent covering is equipped on its side fading the subfloor S• with an adhesive layer for the subfloor. to:

4. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the vibration-absorbent covering forms the adhesive.

5. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the vibration-absorbent covering is slightly recessed on all edges of the ceramic tiles.

6. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the S:S. thickness of the vibration-absorbent covering is at least 2 mm.

7. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the thickness of the vibration-absorbent covering is selected as is necessary 4°0:8 for achieving a desired footfall sound insulation.

8. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the vibration-absorbent covering has recesses for taking up laying aids.

9. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the vibration-absorbent covering is formed of a mixture of bitumen, plastic and inorganic filler.

The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the vibration-absorbent covering is equipped with an adhesive which is built up on the basis of polyacrylate and covered with a silicon-treated Spolyethylene film until laying.

11. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the ceramic tiles have on their sides facing the vibration-absorbent covering a rellefing dimensioned such that it does not impair the static carrying ability of the tile, on the one hand, and is available as a displacement space for the covering, on the other hand. 1400w 7

12. The ceramic tile of any of the above claims, wherein the floor formation is introduced with laying aids formed in such a way as to bear the dead weight of the ceramic tile, on the one hand, and be compressible to the thickness of the vibration-absorbent covering, on the other hand.

13. A ceramic tile substantially as hereinbefore described with reference to the accompanying drawings. DATED this TWENTIETH day of SEPTEMBER 1990 Buchtal GmbH Patent Attorneys for the Applicant SPRUSON FERGUSON 0* 0 S 71 1400w -L