AU2020102147A4 - Mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes and application in prawn culture - Google Patents
Mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes and application in prawn culture Download PDFInfo
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- 241000594011 Leuciscus leuciscus Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 108
- 238000012136 culture method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012258 culturing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 241000927735 Penaeus Species 0.000 claims description 42
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 claims description 23
- 241000703788 Cirrhinus molitorella Species 0.000 claims description 12
- 241000995704 Fenneropenaeus chinensis Species 0.000 claims description 12
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- 241001660766 Labeo rohita Species 0.000 claims description 6
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
- A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Farming Of Fish And Shellfish (AREA)
- Feed For Specific Animals (AREA)
Abstract
Austracy
The present invention relates to a mixed culture method, and particularly relates
to a mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes. The method includes: firstly,
singly culturing the prawns in a pond; adding 5-8 mm of dace fish fries when the
prawns are cultured to 100-150 prawns per 500 g, wherein released density of the
dace fish fries is 100 000-250 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and feeding prawn
feed in the whole culture process until the prawns are mature, and harvesting the
prawns and dace fishes. The culture method in the present invention can effectively
decrease bottom sediments of the pond, improve water environment quality of the
pond, increase comprehensive utilization of nutritive materials in the pond, increase
activity areas of the prawns at the bottom of the pond, increase prawn culture yield,
effectively decrease pathogenic bacteria at the bottom of the pond, facilitate disease
prevention and control, and obviously increase economic values of prawn culture.
1
Description
Austracy
The present invention relates to a mixed culture method, and particularly relates to a mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes. The method includes: firstly, singly culturing the prawns in a pond; adding 5-8 mm of dace fish fries when the prawns are cultured to 100-150 prawns per 500 g, wherein released density of the dace fish fries is 100 000-250 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and feeding prawn feed in the whole culture process until the prawns are mature, and harvesting the prawns and dace fishes. The culture method in the present invention can effectively decrease bottom sediments of the pond, improve water environment quality of the pond, increase comprehensive utilization of nutritive materials in the pond, increase activity areas of the prawns at the bottom of the pond, increase prawn culture yield, effectively decrease pathogenic bacteria at the bottom of the pond, facilitate disease prevention and control, and obviously increase economic values of prawn culture.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to a mixed culture method, and particularly relates to a mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes and application of mixed culture of dace fishes in prawn culture.
Background
A pond culture systemisasimpleandfragileecosystem. Ecological unbalance in the pond culture system may be caused if material and energy recycling is unsmooth, thereby causing disease outbreak of cultured organisms. In a traditional culture manner, a single biological factor is excessively intensified by a single-variety high-density stocking manner; thus species composition is unbalanced in the pond culture system, a food web structure is abnormal, and almost all the materials and energy are centralized on a single cultured variety (such as fishes or prawns). Once conversion efficiency of the materials and energy is decreased, lots of pollutants are accumulated in the ecological system, and the ecological system collapses. For example, in a singly prawn culturing (single culture) pond system, the cultured organisms are of a single structure, a feed utilization ratio is lower, and lots of metabolic products are accumulated in the pond, which is one of the most major reasons of causing culture water environment deterioration and large-scale outbreak of infectious diseases. Prawns are mainly produced by marine fishing initially. Due to the impact of natural conditions and further depletion of marine resources caused by pollution of human activities to the sea, yield of the prawns is unstable. An artificial culture research of the prawns was conducted in the late 1950s and early 1960s in China, and culture production was performed in the late 1960s. According to statistical
Description
data of Food and Agricultural Organization, culture yield of Penaeus vanname ranked first in the world in China in 2012. Artificial culture becomes a major production mode of the prawns. At present, the Penaeus vanname is cultured in about 60 countries all over the world. Because of rich nutritive value, the Penaeus vanname is deeply loved by domestic and foreign consumers. In recent years, in order to promote sustainable development of the pond culture system, particularly a prawn culture system, many aquaculture researchers have explored healthy prawn culture modes and conducted researches on different mixed culture modes of prawns and shellfishes, prawns and crabs, prawns and fishes and prawns and algae, thereby increasing culture yield and nutrient utilization efficiency to some extent. Therefore, it has shown that, a culture mode of multi-variety mixed culture is an effective way to realize sustainable development of the prawn culture industry. However, at present, the researched fish varieties subjected to mixed culture with the prawns in the pond mainly include grass carp, bighead carp, golden carp, Tilapia nilotica, Takifugu obscures, Ictalurus punctatus and Epinephelus coioides. Most of the fishes are herbivorous, filter-feeding, omnivorous and predatory. For example, a Chinese patent CN104957065A discloses a mixed culture method for Penaeus vanname and golden carp and silver carp; a Chinese patent CN105475187A discloses a mixed culture method for Penaeus vanname and Carassiusauratusgibelio; and a Chinese patent CN105830983A discloses a mixed culture method for Penaeus vanname and Oreochromis niloticus. However, the above methods still have the problems that there are many nutritive materials on the bottom such as residual feeds and excrements, a pond water environment is not ideal and economic values need to be increased.
Summary
Description
In one aspect, the present invention provides a mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes. The method includes: firstly, singly culturing the prawns in a pond; adding 5-8 mm of dace fish fries when the prawns are cultured to 100-150 prawns per 500 g, wherein released density of the dace fish fries is 100 000-250 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and feeding prawn feed in the whole culture process until the prawns are mature, and harvesting the prawns and dace fishes. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, dace fish feed is not fed in the whole culture process. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, feeding amounts of the fed prawn feed are as follows: when the weight of each prawn is less than 10 g, a daily feeding amount is 6-8% of the weight of the prawn; when the weight of each prawn is 10-20 g, the daily feeding amount is 4-5% of the weight of the prawn; and when the weight of each prawn is more than 20 g, the daily feeding amount is 3% or less of the weight of the prawn. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, a feeding manner of the prawn feed is as follows: the feed is thrown along the pond. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the prawns include Penaeus vanname and Penaeus chinensis. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the dace fishes include Cirrhinus molitorella, Cirrhina mrigola, Thai dace and Labeo rohita. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the culture pond is a soil pond of 3-8 mu, and has a water depth of 1.8-2.5 m. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the prawns are mature when cultured to 30-50 prawns per 500 g.
Description
In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the dace fishes are cultured to 2-3 cm per fish. Technical features in the above mixed culture method in the present invention may be in arbitrary combination. In another aspect, the present invention provides application of mixed culture of dace fishes in prawn culture. In some embodiments of the present invention, the application includes the above culture method. The present invention provides an ecological culture method for mixed culture of dace fishes in a prawn culture pond. The method can effectively decrease sediments such as bottom residual feeds and excrements in the pond, increase the area of a bottom oxidation state zone, decrease the release of hazardous substances, increase material and energy conversion efficiency in the culture system, decrease incidence of diseases and stabilize the water quality. The culture results show that, after mixed culture of the dace fishes in the prawn pond, the amount of the sediments such as the residual feeds is decreased by more than %, nitrite is decreased by more than 20%, and the disease incidence is decreased by more than 15%. The culture method in the present invention can effectively decrease the bottom sediments of the pond, improve the water environment quality of the pond, increase comprehensive utilization of nutritive materials in the pond, increase activity areas of the prawns at the bottom of the pond, increase prawn culture yield, effectively decrease pathogenic bacteria at the bottom of the pond, facilitate disease prevention and control, and obviously increase economic values of prawn culture.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described below in combination with specific embodiments.
Description
Integrated culture is a production form of artificially culturing ecologically mutually beneficial aquaculture species such as prawns, shellfishes, algae in the same water body according to a certain quantitative relation in accordance with ecology principles including ecological balance, mutualism between species, multi-trophic level utilization of materials and the like. Many scholars in China and abroad have done a lot of researches on mixed culture of the prawns and other species. By virtue of mixed culture of the prawns and different species, a survival rate of the prawns can be increased. However, these effects are still not ideal. In the present invention, the prawns and benthic scraping fishes are subjected to mixed culture for the first time. It is found by accident that, such a culture manner may increase the utilization ratio of prawn feed to the full extent. Since the prawn feed is high in cost, economic benefits of culture may be greatly increased due to the increased utilization ratio, and extra fish feed does not need to be fed alone. Due to synergistic effects of the prawns and the benthic scraping fishes, bottom sediments, nitrite and released hazardous substances may be decreased, and disease incidence is lowered. It is discovered by the inventor that, during prawn culture, the prawns are benthic in a prawn pond culture system; with the extension of prawn culture time, material and energy conversion efficiency is gradually decreased, lots of residual feeds, excrements and other materials may be deposited at the bottom of the prawn pond, and a bottom redox state is changed. Due to decrease of an oxidation state zone and increase of a reduction state zone, release of hazardous substances (such as (H2 S) in the residual feeds and excrements will be greatly increased in a reduction state, thereby endangering survival of the fishes and prawns. Meanwhile, when nutritive materials in a bottom zone of the prawn pond are increased, pathogenic bacteria are increased, and incidence of conditioned pathogens is greatly increased. In this case, an activity area of the prawns is smaller and smaller and is mainly centralized in an area along the pond. The activities of the prawns
Description
along the pond cannot meet own growth requirements in a high-density culture mode. Based on such a condition, how to enlarge the oxidation state zone at the bottom of the pond is the key of increasing the prawn activity areas and increasing the prawn yield. Decreasing residues at the bottom of the prawn pond, such as the residual feeds and the excrements, is the key of ensuring high yield and no incidence during prawn culture. Therefore, the residual nutritive materials at the bottom of the pond may be decreased in a reasonable manner. On this basis, the present invention proposes a mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes. The method includes: firstly, the prawns were singly cultured in a pond; 5-8 mm of dace fish fries were added when the prawns were cultured to 100-150 prawns per 500 g, wherein released density of the dace fish fries was 100 000-250 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and prawn feed was fed in the whole culture process until the prawns were mature, and the prawns and dace fishes were harvested. By research, it is found by the inventor that, ecological mixed culture of the benthic scraping fishes in prawn pond culture, particularly dace fishes, is a feasible method of solving pollution at the bottom of the pond. If the benthic scraping fishes are subjected to mixed culture in the prawn pond, lots of nutritive materials deposited at the bottom of the pond will be fed by the benthic fishes. Thus, the pond pollution may be decreased, a stable food chain system is formed, certain benthic scraping fishes may be harvested, and yield of the fishes and culture value added are increased. The mixed culture method for the benthic scraping fishes in the prawn pond is capable of regulating water quality in the culture pond and increasing the yield of the benthic fishes, and is a culture method satisfying both sides. Meanwhile, through further study, it is found that, mixed culture of the dace fishes may decrease nitrite content to some extent, relieve pond pollution and stabilize water quality. Particularly at a later stage of prawn culture, the prawns are
Description
often suffered from diseases such as enteritis and red-tailed disease in a single culture mode, which is a specific performance of pond ecosystem imbalance and is also a result that pollutants such as polluted residual feeds and excrements in the pond are increased. The mixed culture of the dace fishes is capable of effectively improving these symptoms, and is a feasible ecological culture method. The dace fish fries were added at a middle stage of prawn culture, i.e., within about 1.5-2 months after prawn seeds were added; before the dace fish fries were added, only the prawns were singly cultured in the pond; and after the dace fish fries were added, the prawns and the dace fishes were subjected to mixed culture. Regardless of the single prawn culture stage before the dace fish fries were added or a mixed culture stage of the prawns and dace fishes after the dace fish fries were added, the prawn feed needed to be fed in the whole culture process, while extra special dace fish feed did not need to be added. At the mixed culture stage after the dace fish fries were added, the dace fishes may take residual feeds of prawns, zooplankton and phytoplankton, humus and other matters as foods. Price of the prawn feed is high. According to mixed culture of the dace fishes, a utilization ratio of the prawn feed may be greatly increased. In the whole culture process, feeding of the prawn feed is managed in accordance with living habits of the prawns. For example, the feeding is determined according to factors such as sizes of the prawns, survival rates of the prawns and specific feeding amounts. In one specific embodiment, the prawn feed is generally fed along the pond; and in another specific embodiment, the feeding amounts of the fed prawn feed are as follows: when the weight of each prawn is less than 10 g, a daily feeding amount is 6-8% of the weight of the prawn; when the weight of each prawn is 10-20 g, the daily feeding amount is 4-5% of the weight of the prawn; and when the weight of each prawn is more than 20 g (generally at a later culture stage), the daily feeding amount is 3% or less of the weight of the prawn.
'7
Description
Unless otherwise specified, the above weight of the prawns in the present invention is average weight of the prawns. In another specific embodiment, in the process of adding the prawn feed, the feeding amounts may be managed in manners as follows: the feeding amounts are determined according to feeding conditions within two hours; ingestion conditions of the prawn feed are observed; and the feeding amount is appropriate when the feed was eaten up within 2 hours. In another specific embodiment, when the weight of each prawn is more than g (generally at the later culture stage), the daily feeding amount is 3% or less of the weight of the prawn. The feeding proportion may be further decreased according to weight increase of the prawns. The feeding proportion may be decreased in manners as follows: the feeding amounts are determined according to the feeding conditions within two hours; the ingestion conditions of the prawn feed are observed; and whether the feeding proportion of the feed may be further determined is judged by taking whether the prawns eat up the feed within 2 hours as a standard. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the dace fishes include one or more of Cirrhinusmolitorella, Cirrhina mrigola (Mrigal carp), Thai dace and Labeo rohita. For example, in another specific embodiment, the Cirrhinus molitorella or the Mrigal carp is selected to culture. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, in order to simultaneously meet growth environment requirements of the prawns and the dace fishes, the culture pond is a soil pond of 3-8 mu, such as a soil pond of 6 mu. In another specific embodiment, the pond has a water depth of 1.8-2.5 m, such as 2 m. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the prawns are mature when cultured to 30-50 prawns per
Description
500 g. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the dace fishes are cultured to 2-3 cm per fish. In embodiments of the mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes in the present invention, the prawns and the dace fishes are simultaneously harvested. The method in the present invention can effectively decrease bottom sediments of the pond, improve water environment quality of the pond, increase comprehensive utilization of nutritive materials in the pond, increase activity areas of the prawns at the bottom of the pond, increase prawn culture yield, effectively decrease pathogenic bacteria at the bottom of the pond, and facilitate disease prevention and control. The "prawns" in the present invention may include prawn varieties that may be artificially cultured currently, and include Penaeus vanname and Penaeus chinensis. For example, due to advantages such as small carapace, high flesh content, high stress resistance, fast growth, long reproduction period, resistance to high density and low-salinity culture and convenience in live prawn transportation, the Penaeus vanname becomes one of the three excellent prawn varieties having the highest culture yield in the current world, and makes a significant contribution to global food security, food supply, economic growth, international trade balance and the like. It is creatively found in the present invention that, with the adoption of mixed culture of the prawns and the dace fishes, particularly mixed culture of the Penaeus vanname and Penaeus chinensis and the Cirrhinus molitorella, Cirrhinamrigola, Thai dace and Labeo rohita, tests prove that, unexpected effects are achieved in aspects such as residual feeds at the bottom, excrement removal, improvement of water quality, decrease of incidence and enhancement of economic values. Compared with mixed culture of the prawns and other prawns or mixed culture of the prawns and other fish species, the mixed culture in the present invention has more outstanding effects. In some specific embodiments, the Penaeus vanname is subjected to mixed culture with the Cirrhinus molitorella, Cirrhina mrigola, Thai dace or Labeo
Description
rohita, and the culture method is as mentioned before. In some other specific embodiments, the Penaeus chinensis is subjected to mixed culture with the Cirrhinusmolitorella, Cirrhinamrigola, Thai dace or Labeo rohita, and the culture method is as mentioned before. In another aspect, the present invention further provides an application of mixed culture of dace fishes in prawn culture. In the prawn culture, the mixed culture of the dace fishes and the prawns is proved to have characteristics such as high feed utilization ratio, capacities of decreasing bottom pollution and decreasing disease incidence and high economic values. In some embodiments of the present invention, according to the application of mixed culture of dace fishes in prawn culture, a specific using method may be performed by the above culture method in the present invention. In embodiments of the application provided in the present invention, the dace fishes include Cirrhinus molitorella, Cirrhina mrigola (Mrigal carp), Thai dace and Labeo rohita; and the prawns include Penaeus vanname and Penaeus chinensis. The "about" in the present invention includes a scope of +5%, -5%, or +10% or -10%. Embodiment 1 Mixed culture method for Penaeus vanname and Cirrhinus molitorella Penaeus vanname was singly cultured in a pond; Penaeus vanname feed was fed until the Penaeus vanname was cultured to about 120 prawns per 500 g; 5-8 mm of Cirrhinusmolitorella fish fries (averagely about 6 mm) were added into the pond, wherein released density of the Cirrhinus molitorella fish fries was 100 000-150 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and only the Penaeus vanname feed was continuously fed until the Penaeus vanname was mature, and the Penaeus vanname and the Cirrhinus molitorella were harvested and caught. In the culture process, feeding management of the prawn feed was determined in accordance with factors such as prawn sizes, survival rates of the prawns and specific ingestion amounts as follows: when the weight of each prawn was less than 10 g, a daily
1i
Description
feeding amount was 6-8% of the weight of the prawn; when the weight of each prawn was 10-20 g, the daily feeding amount was 4-5% of the weight of the prawn; and when the weight of each prawn was more than 20 g, the daily feeding amount was 3% or less of the weight of the prawn. Feeding amounts were decreased, and a decrease ratio was determined according to ingestion conditions of the prawns within two hours. Whether the feeding proportion of the feed may be further determined was judged by taking whether the prawns ate up the feed within 2 hours as a standard. Embodiment 2 Mixed culture method for Penaeus vanname and Cirrhinamrigola A soil pond of 6 mu having a water depth of 2 m was selected; water quality of the pond was treated before culture; Penaeus vanname was singly cultured in the pond; Penaeus vanname feed was fed along the pond until the Penaeus vanname was cultured to about 150 prawns per 500 g; 6-8 mm of Cirrhinamrigola fish fries were added into the pond, wherein released density of the Cirrhina mrigola fish fries was 200 000-250 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and only the Penaeus vanname feed was continuously fed along the pond until the Penaeus vanname was cultured to about 30-35 prawns per 500 g, and the Penaeus vanname and the Cirrhina mrigola were harvested and caught. The harvested Cirrhina mrigola was about 2-3 cm per fish. In the culture process, feeding management of the prawn feed was as follows: before the weight of each prawn was less than 10 g, a daily feeding amount was about 6% of the weight of the prawn; when the weight of each prawn was 10-20 g, the daily feeding amount was 4% of the weight of the prawn; and when the weight of each prawn was more than 20 g, the daily feeding amount was 3% or less of the weight of the prawn. Feeding amounts were gradually decreased according to the weight, and a decrease ratio of the feeding amounts was specifically determined according to ingestion conditions of the prawns within two hours. Whether the feeding proportion of the feed may be further determined was judged by taking whether the prawns ate up the feed within 2 hours as a standard.
Description
Embodiment 3 Mixed culture method for Penaeus chinensis and Thai dace A soil pond of 8 mu having a water depth of 2.5 m was selected; water quality of the pond was treated before culture; Penaeus chinensis was singly cultured in the pond; Penaeus chinensis feed was fed along the pond until the Penaeus chinensis was cultured to about 100 prawns per 500 g; about 5-6 mm of Thai dace fish fries were added into the pond, wherein released density of the Thai dace fish fries was 180 000-200 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and only the Penaeus chinensis feed was continuously fed along the pond until the prawns were cultured to about 40-50 prawns per 500 g, and the Penaeus chinensis and the Thai dace were harvested and caught. The harvested Thai dace was about 2-3 cm per fish. In the culture process, feeding management of the prawn feed was as follows: before the weight of each prawn was less than 10 g, a daily feeding amount was about 8% of the weight of the prawn; when the weight of each prawn was 10-20 g, the daily feeding amount was 4% of the weight of the prawn; and when the weight of each prawn was more than 20 g, the daily feeding amount was 3% or less of the weight of the prawn. Feeding amounts were gradually decreased according to the weight, and a decrease ratio of the feeding amounts was specifically determined according to ingestion conditions of the prawns within two hours. Whether the feeding proportion of the feed may be further determined was judged by taking whether the prawns ate up the feed within 2 hours as a standard. Test example 1 4 ponds were selected in a culture farm in Dalin Village, Tangxia Town, Pengjiang District, Jiangmen city, Guangdong. The area of each pond was 6 mu; Penaeus vanname was cultured in the current year; and dace fish fries were subjected to mixed culture at a middle culture stage (i.e., about 100-150 prawns per 500 g within 1.5 months after release of the prawns); and 100 000 dace fishes were released. Only Penaeus vanname feed was fed in the whole process. The feeding amount of the Penaeus vanname feed was in accordance with the method in Embodiment 2. When cultured within about 3 months, the harvested prawns had
1)
Description
yield of 225-400 kg per mu. Each of the dace fishes was about 2 cm long, and yield of the dace fishes was about 125-150 kg per mu. Through one culture cycle (about 3 months), compared with single culture of Penaeus vanname by the same method, the mixed culture in the test example has advantages as follows: yield of the Penaeus vanname was increased by more than %; incidence of the prawns was decreased by 20%; the quantity of sediments in the ponds was decreased by 20-30%; and a detection ratio of a hazardous substance H 2S at the bottom was 0. Economic benefits of the prawn pond may be increased by about 1000 yuan per mu; a water changing amount was decreased by 20% or more; and excellent economic and ecological benefits are achieved. Test example 2 6 ponds were selected in a culture farm in Shabei Village, Shilou Town, Haioudao, Panyu, Guangzhou city, Guangdong. The area of each pond was 4 mu; Penaeus vanname was cultured in the current year; and dace fish fries were subjected to mixed culture at a middle culture stage (i.e., about 120-150 prawns per 500 g within 1 month after release of the prawns); and 200 000 dace fish fries were released. Only Penaeus vanname feed was fed in the whole process. The feeding amount of the Penaeus vanname feed was in accordance with the method in Embodiment 1. When cultured within about 3 months, the harvested prawns had yield of 350-450 kg per mu. Each of the dace fishes was about 2 cm long, and yield of the dace fishes was about 200-250 kg per mu. Through one culture cycle (about 3 months), compared with single culture of Penaeus vanname by the same method, the mixed culture in the test example has advantages as follows: yield of the Penaeus vanname was increased by more than 20%; and incidence of the prawns was decreased by 50%. Economic benefits of the prawn pond may be increased by about 1200 yuan per mu; and excellent economic and ecological benefits are achieved. Test example 3 3 ponds were selected in a culture farm in Dongfeng Town, Zhongshan, Shunde district, Guangdong. The area of each pond was 8 mu; Penaeus vanname
Description
was cultured in the current year; and dace fish fries were subjected to mixed culture at a middle culture stage (i.e., about 100-120 prawns per 500 g within 1.5 months after release of the prawns); and 80 000 dace fishes were released. Only Penaeus vanname feed was fed in the whole process. The feeding amount of the Penaeus vanname feed was in accordance with the method in Embodiment 3. When cultured within about 3 months, the harvested prawns had yield of 500-600 kg per mu. Each of the dace fishes was about 2 cm long, and yield of the dace fishes was about 125-140 kg per mu. Through one culture cycle (about 3 months), compared with single culture of Penaeus vanname by the same method, the mixed culture in the test example has advantages as follows: yield of the Penaeus vanname was increased by more than 18%; incidence of the prawns was decreased by 20%; the drug dosages in the ponds were decreased by 1/4; and a detection ratio of a hazardous substance H 2 Sat the bottom was 0. Economic benefits of the prawn pond may be increased by about 1800 yuan per mu; and excellent economic and ecological benefits are achieved. The above are only preferred specific embodiments of the present invention, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Equivalent replacement or change made by any of those skilled in the art according to the technical solutions of the present invention and concepts thereof within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention shall be covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
1A
Claims (10)
1. A mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes, comprising: firstly, singly culturing the prawns in a pond; adding 5-8 mm of dace fish fries when the prawns are cultured to 100-150 prawns per 500 g, wherein released density of the dace fish fries is 100 000-250 000 dace fishes in the pond per mu; and feeding prawn feed in the whole culture process until the prawns are mature, and harvesting the prawns and dace fishes.
2. The mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes according to claim 1, wherein dace fish feed is not fed in the whole culture process.
3. The mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes according to claim 1, wherein feeding amounts of the fed prawn feed are as follows: when the weight of each prawn is less than 10 g, a daily feeding amount is 6-8% of the weight of the prawn; when the weight of each prawn is 10-20 g, the daily feeding amount is 4-5% of the weight of the prawn; when the weight of each prawn is more than 20 g, the daily feeding amount is 3% or less of the weight of the prawn; and/or a feeding manner of the prawn feed is as follows: the feed is thrown along the pond.
4. The mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes according to claim 1, wherein the prawns comprise Penaeus vanname and Penaeus chinensis.
5. The mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes according to claim 1, wherein the dace fishes comprise Cirrhinus molitorella, Cirrhina mrigola, Thai dace and Labeo rohita.
6. The mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes according to claim 1, wherein the culture pond is a soil pond of 3-8 mu, and has a water depth of 1.8-2.5 m.
7. The mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes according to claim 1, wherein the prawns are mature when cultured to 30-50 prawns per 500 g.
8. The mixed culture method for prawns and dace fishes according to claim 1 or 7, wherein the dace fishes are cultured to 2-3 cm per fish.
9. An application of mixed culture of dace fishes in prawn culture.
10. The application according to claim 9, wherein the application comprises the method of any claim of claims 1-8.
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2020
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| CN113973757A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-01-28 | 汇泰渤海水产有限责任公司 | Organic shrimp breeding method |
| CN112772494A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2021-05-11 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Pollution-free prawn culture method |
| CN112772494B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2023-09-08 | 渤海水产股份有限公司 | Pollution-free prawn culture method |
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