AU2002314515B2 - Oral controlled release pharmaceutical composition for one-a-day therapy for the treatment and prophylaxis of cardiac and circulatory diseases - Google Patents
Oral controlled release pharmaceutical composition for one-a-day therapy for the treatment and prophylaxis of cardiac and circulatory diseases Download PDFInfo
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- AU2002314515B2 AU2002314515B2 AU2002314515A AU2002314515A AU2002314515B2 AU 2002314515 B2 AU2002314515 B2 AU 2002314515B2 AU 2002314515 A AU2002314515 A AU 2002314515A AU 2002314515 A AU2002314515 A AU 2002314515A AU 2002314515 B2 AU2002314515 B2 AU 2002314515B2
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- Prior art keywords
- carvedilol
- hours
- released
- pharmaceutical composition
- controlled release
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- 239000000216 gellan gum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 229940074045 glyceryl distearate Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000665 guar gum Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 230000033444 hydroxylation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 229940071676 hydroxypropylcellulose Drugs 0.000 description 1
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- 239000003456 ion exchange resin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 235000010494 karaya gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229940039371 karaya gum Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 201000006370 kidney failure Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000003859 lipid peroxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010420 locust bean gum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000711 locust bean gum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229960001855 mannitol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000013563 matrix tablet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001404 mediated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013160 medical therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002483 medication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002480 mineral oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000010125 myocardial infarction Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000031225 myocardial ischemia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- DILRJUIACXKSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N n',n'-dimethylethane-1,2-diamine Chemical group CN(C)CCN DILRJUIACXKSQE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001206 natural gum Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006353 oxyethylene group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010987 pectin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000001814 pectin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920001277 pectin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000036513 peripheral conductance Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000144 pharmacologic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phenol group Chemical group C1(=CC=CC=C1)O ISWSIDIOOBJBQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002689 polyvinyl acetate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000011118 polyvinyl acetate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940075065 polyvinyl acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229940100467 polyvinyl acetate phthalate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920002451 polyvinyl alcohol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019422 polyvinyl alcohol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000002924 primary amino group Chemical group [H]N([H])* 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010409 propane-1,2-diol alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000770 propane-1,2-diol alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000011514 reflex Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 1
- ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N shellac Chemical compound OCCCCCC(O)C(O)CCCCCCCC(O)=O.C1C23[C@H](C(O)=O)CCC2[C@](C)(CO)[C@@H]1C(C(O)=O)=C[C@@H]3O ZLGIYFNHBLSMPS-ATJNOEHPSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 235000013874 shellac Nutrition 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229960002668 sodium chloride Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920003109 sodium starch glycolate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008109 sodium starch glycolate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940079832 sodium starch glycolate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 210000002784 stomach Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000000346 sugar Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000008163 sugars Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000019635 sulfation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005670 sulfation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013269 sustained drug release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002459 sustained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013268 sustained release Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012730 sustained-release form Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000024883 vasodilation Effects 0.000 description 1
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- UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L zinc;1-(5-cyanopyridin-2-yl)-3-[(1s,2s)-2-(6-fluoro-2-hydroxy-3-propanoylphenyl)cyclopropyl]urea;diacetate Chemical compound [Zn+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O.CCC(=O)C1=CC=C(F)C([C@H]2[C@H](C2)NC(=O)NC=2N=CC(=CC=2)C#N)=C1O UHVMMEOXYDMDKI-JKYCWFKZSA-L 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/2031—Organic macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds, e.g. polyethylene glycol, polyethylene oxide, poloxamers
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/0002—Galenical forms characterised by the drug release technique; Application systems commanded by energy
- A61K9/0004—Osmotic delivery systems; Sustained release driven by osmosis, thermal energy or gas
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K9/00—Medicinal preparations characterised by special physical form
- A61K9/20—Pills, tablets, discs, rods
- A61K9/2004—Excipients; Inactive ingredients
- A61K9/2022—Organic macromolecular compounds
- A61K9/205—Polysaccharides, e.g. alginate, gums; Cyclodextrin
- A61K9/2054—Cellulose; Cellulose derivatives, e.g. hydroxypropyl methylcellulose
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/04—Inotropic agents, i.e. stimulants of cardiac contraction; Drugs for heart failure
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P9/00—Drugs for disorders of the cardiovascular system
- A61P9/12—Antihypertensives
Landscapes
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Public Health (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Pharmacology & Pharmacy (AREA)
- Veterinary Medicine (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Epidemiology (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Bioinformatics & Cheminformatics (AREA)
- Cardiology (AREA)
- Heart & Thoracic Surgery (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Nuclear Medicine, Radiotherapy & Molecular Imaging (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Hospice & Palliative Care (AREA)
- Pharmaceuticals Containing Other Organic And Inorganic Compounds (AREA)
- Medicinal Preparation (AREA)
- Indole Compounds (AREA)
- Packaging Frangible Articles (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IN464MU2001 IN191028B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 2001-05-17 | 2001-05-17 | |
| IN464/MUM/2001 | 2001-09-03 | ||
| PCT/IN2002/000118 WO2002092078A1 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2002-05-10 | Oral controlled release pharmaceutical composition for one-a-day therapy for the treatment and prophylaxis of cardiac and circulatory diseases |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| AU2002314515A1 AU2002314515A1 (en) | 2003-05-01 |
| AU2002314515B2 true AU2002314515B2 (en) | 2007-08-16 |
Family
ID=11097247
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| AU2002314515A Ceased AU2002314515B2 (en) | 2001-05-17 | 2002-05-10 | Oral controlled release pharmaceutical composition for one-a-day therapy for the treatment and prophylaxis of cardiac and circulatory diseases |
Country Status (16)
Families Citing this family (40)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE69917618T2 (de) | 1998-04-03 | 2005-06-23 | Egalet A/S | Zusammensetzung mit kontrollierter wirkstoff-freisetzung |
| DE60224293T2 (de) * | 2001-09-21 | 2008-12-11 | Egalet A/S | Feste dispersionen mit kontrollierter freisetzung von carvedilol |
| US20040253310A1 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2004-12-16 | Gina Fischer | Morphine polymer release system |
| EP2957281A1 (en) | 2001-09-21 | 2015-12-23 | Egalet Ltd. | Polymer release system |
| US8101209B2 (en) * | 2001-10-09 | 2012-01-24 | Flamel Technologies | Microparticulate oral galenical form for the delayed and controlled release of pharmaceutical active principles |
| JP2006500320A (ja) * | 2002-04-30 | 2006-01-05 | エスビー・ファルムコ・プエルト・リコ・インコーポレイテッド | カルベジロール一クエン酸塩一水和物 |
| WO2004002472A1 (en) | 2002-06-27 | 2004-01-08 | Sb Pharmco Puerto Rico Inc. | Carvedilol hydrobromide |
| US7268156B2 (en) * | 2002-06-27 | 2007-09-11 | Sb Pharmco Puerto Rico Inc. | Carvedilol phosphate salts and/or solvates thereof, corresponding compositions and/or methods of treatment |
| AU2003275953A1 (en) * | 2002-11-08 | 2004-06-07 | Egalet A/S | Controlled release carvedilol compositions |
| WO2004047837A2 (en) * | 2002-11-22 | 2004-06-10 | Yissum Research Development Company Of The Hebrew University Of Jerusalem | Beta-blockers having antioxidant and nitric oxide-donor activity |
| DE602004014747D1 (de) | 2003-03-26 | 2008-08-14 | Egalet As | Matrixzubereitungen für die kontrollierte darreichung von arzneistoffen |
| EP1610767B1 (en) | 2003-03-26 | 2011-01-19 | Egalet A/S | Morphine controlled release system |
| ATE445393T1 (de) * | 2003-04-24 | 2009-10-15 | Jagotec Ag | Tablette mit gefärbtem kern |
| US7260685B2 (en) | 2003-06-20 | 2007-08-21 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Memory hub and access method having internal prefetch buffers |
| ES2401769T5 (es) * | 2003-09-12 | 2020-07-01 | Amgen Inc | Formulación de disolución rápida de cinacalcet HCl |
| US7120743B2 (en) | 2003-10-20 | 2006-10-10 | Micron Technology, Inc. | Arbitration system and method for memory responses in a hub-based memory system |
| WO2005051325A2 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-06-09 | Sb Pharmco Puerto Rico Inc. | Carvedilol compositions methods of treatment and delivery |
| US20050175695A1 (en) * | 2003-11-25 | 2005-08-11 | Catherine Castan | Carvedilol free base, salts, anhydrous forms or solvates thereof, corresponding pharmaceutical compositions, controlled release formulations, and treatment or delivery methods |
| EP1686986A4 (en) | 2003-11-25 | 2009-05-27 | Sb Pharmco Inc | CARVEDILOL SALTS, CORRESPONDING COMPOSITIONS, METHODS OF ADMINISTRATION AND / OR TREATMENT |
| US20070196396A1 (en) * | 2004-02-11 | 2007-08-23 | Rubicon Research Private Limited | Controlled release pharmaceutical compositions with improved bioavailability |
| US20090274759A1 (en) * | 2005-06-03 | 2009-11-05 | Egalet A/S | Solid pharmaceutical composition with a first fraction of a dispersion medium and a second fraction of a matrix, the latter being at least partially first exposed to gastrointestinal fluids |
| US8367112B2 (en) * | 2006-02-28 | 2013-02-05 | Alkermes Pharma Ireland Limited | Nanoparticulate carverdilol formulations |
| WO2007144785A2 (en) * | 2006-03-26 | 2007-12-21 | Uti Limited Partnership | Ryanodine receptor inhibitors and methods relating thereto |
| SG174026A1 (en) | 2006-08-03 | 2011-09-29 | Nitec Pharma Ag | Delayed-release glucocorticoid treatment of rheumatoid disease |
| US20080292695A1 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2008-11-27 | Kristin Arnold | Carvedilol forms, compositions, and methods of preparation thereof |
| US20090028935A1 (en) * | 2006-12-01 | 2009-01-29 | Kristin Arnold | Carvedilol forms, compositions, and methods of preparation thereof |
| CA2674536C (en) * | 2007-01-16 | 2016-07-26 | Egalet A/S | Use of i) a polyglycol and ii) an active drug substance for the preparation of a pharmaceutical composition for i) mitigating the risk of alcohol induced dose dumping and/or ii) reducing the risk of drug abuse |
| WO2008114276A1 (en) * | 2007-03-16 | 2008-09-25 | Lupin Limited | Novel oral controlled release composition of carvedilol |
| BRPI0701904A2 (pt) * | 2007-04-27 | 2008-12-09 | Libbs Farmaceutica Ltda | forma farmacÊutica de liberaÇço controlada de princÍpios ativos com solubilidade dependente do baixo ph do meio e processo para preparar a forma farmacÊutica |
| US8821928B2 (en) | 2007-06-04 | 2014-09-02 | Egalet Ltd. | Controlled release pharmaceutical compositions for prolonged effect |
| TWI494108B (zh) * | 2009-01-26 | 2015-08-01 | Nitec Pharma Ag | 糖皮質激素用以製備嚴重夜間氣喘用之於延遲釋放型的藥物之用途 |
| CA2751667C (en) | 2009-02-06 | 2016-12-13 | Egalet Ltd. | Immediate release composition resistant to abuse by intake of alcohol |
| NZ603579A (en) | 2009-06-24 | 2014-02-28 | Egalet Ltd | Controlled release formulations |
| TWI415604B (zh) * | 2009-09-29 | 2013-11-21 | Tsh Biopharm Corp Ltd | 調控釋放卡菲蒂羅劑型 |
| ES2600894T3 (es) * | 2010-02-22 | 2017-02-13 | Daiichi Sankyo Company, Limited | Preparación sólida de liberación sostenida para uso oral |
| JP5749247B2 (ja) | 2010-02-22 | 2015-07-15 | 第一三共株式会社 | 経口用徐放性固形製剤 |
| CA2877183A1 (en) | 2012-07-06 | 2014-01-09 | Egalet Ltd. | Abuse deterrent pharmaceutical compositions for controlled release |
| ES2706994T3 (es) | 2012-09-03 | 2019-04-02 | Daiichi Sankyo Co Ltd | Composición farmacéutica de liberación prolongada de administración oral que contiene clorhidrato de hidromorfona |
| KR102241487B1 (ko) | 2013-02-20 | 2021-04-16 | 주식회사 종근당 | 제어방출 펠릿으로 된 약제학적 조성물 |
| KR102158339B1 (ko) | 2016-02-05 | 2020-09-21 | 삼진제약주식회사 | 인습성이 개선된 카르베딜롤 속방성 제제 |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1657001A (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-30 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Carvedilol methanesulfonate |
| AU2001297631A1 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-09-04 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Novel formulations of carvedilol |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2815926A1 (de) * | 1978-04-13 | 1979-10-18 | Boehringer Mannheim Gmbh | Neue carbazolyl-(4)-oxy-propanolamin-derivate, verfahren zu ihrer herstellung und diese verbindungen enthaltende arzneimittel |
| US3916899A (en) * | 1973-04-25 | 1975-11-04 | Alza Corp | Osmotic dispensing device with maximum and minimum sizes for the passageway |
| US5972389A (en) * | 1996-09-19 | 1999-10-26 | Depomed, Inc. | Gastric-retentive, oral drug dosage forms for the controlled-release of sparingly soluble drugs and insoluble matter |
| CA2285407C (en) * | 1997-03-11 | 2006-08-01 | Darwin Discovery Limited | Dosage forms comprising separate portions of r- and s-enantiomers |
| IE970588A1 (en) * | 1997-08-01 | 2000-08-23 | Elan Corp Plc | Controlled release pharmaceutical compositions containing tiagabine |
| US20020054911A1 (en) * | 2000-05-11 | 2002-05-09 | Boehringer Mannheim Pharmaceutical Corporation-Sm Ithkline Beckman Corporation, Limited Partnershi | Novel oral dosage form for carvedilol |
| PE20001302A1 (es) * | 1998-11-27 | 2000-11-30 | Hoffmann La Roche | Preparaciones de una combinacion farmaceutica que contiene carvedilol e hidroclorotiazida |
| US6352721B1 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2002-03-05 | Osmotica Corp. | Combined diffusion/osmotic pumping drug delivery system |
| US6491949B2 (en) * | 2000-01-14 | 2002-12-10 | Osmotica Corp. | Osmotic device within an osmotic device |
| ES2227206T3 (es) * | 2000-04-03 | 2005-04-01 | F. Hoffmann-La Roche Ag | Soluciones concentradas de carvedilol. |
-
2001
- 2001-05-17 IN IN464MU2001 patent/IN191028B/en unknown
-
2002
- 2002-05-10 HU HU0400607A patent/HUP0400607A3/hu unknown
- 2002-05-10 KR KR10-2003-7014987A patent/KR20040037026A/ko not_active Ceased
- 2002-05-10 PL PL02370589A patent/PL370589A1/xx not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2002-05-10 MX MXPA03010501A patent/MXPA03010501A/es unknown
- 2002-05-10 JP JP2002588995A patent/JP2004534031A/ja active Pending
- 2002-05-10 WO PCT/IN2002/000118 patent/WO2002092078A1/en active Application Filing
- 2002-05-10 EP EP02741152A patent/EP1395258A1/en active Pending
- 2002-05-10 BR BR0210976-0A patent/BR0210976A/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-05-10 RU RU2003133446/15A patent/RU2003133446A/ru unknown
- 2002-05-10 AU AU2002314515A patent/AU2002314515B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-05-10 CA CA002447005A patent/CA2447005A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2002-05-10 CN CNA028101294A patent/CN1525855A/zh active Pending
- 2002-05-16 BE BE2002/0322A patent/BE1014328A7/fr not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-08-19 US US10/146,670 patent/US20030035836A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2003
- 2003-12-15 ZA ZA2003/09724A patent/ZA200309724B/en unknown
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AU1657001A (en) * | 1999-11-15 | 2001-05-30 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Carvedilol methanesulfonate |
| AU2001297631A1 (en) * | 2000-10-24 | 2002-09-04 | Smithkline Beecham Corporation | Novel formulations of carvedilol |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CA2447005A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
| IN191028B (GUID-C5D7CC26-194C-43D0-91A1-9AE8C70A9BFF.html) | 2003-09-13 |
| KR20040037026A (ko) | 2004-05-04 |
| JP2004534031A (ja) | 2004-11-11 |
| MXPA03010501A (es) | 2004-03-02 |
| PL370589A1 (en) | 2005-05-30 |
| CN1525855A (zh) | 2004-09-01 |
| HUP0400607A2 (hu) | 2004-07-28 |
| ZA200309724B (en) | 2005-05-25 |
| BR0210976A (pt) | 2004-10-05 |
| US20030035836A1 (en) | 2003-02-20 |
| BE1014328A7 (fr) | 2003-08-05 |
| RU2003133446A (ru) | 2005-03-10 |
| HUP0400607A3 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
| EP1395258A1 (en) | 2004-03-10 |
| WO2002092078A1 (en) | 2002-11-21 |
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Legal Events
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|---|---|---|---|
| FGA | Letters patent sealed or granted (standard patent) | ||
| MK14 | Patent ceased section 143(a) (annual fees not paid) or expired |