WO2010123141A1 - Method for washing biomass, method for producing biomass charcoal and method for operating vertical furnace - Google Patents
Method for washing biomass, method for producing biomass charcoal and method for operating vertical furnace Download PDFInfo
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- WO2010123141A1 WO2010123141A1 PCT/JP2010/057517 JP2010057517W WO2010123141A1 WO 2010123141 A1 WO2010123141 A1 WO 2010123141A1 JP 2010057517 W JP2010057517 W JP 2010057517W WO 2010123141 A1 WO2010123141 A1 WO 2010123141A1
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- Prior art keywords
- biomass
- treatment
- washing
- water
- drying
- Prior art date
Links
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 184
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 93
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 71
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 210000000170 cell membrane Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 38
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 38
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 38
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 150000001340 alkali metals Chemical class 0.000 description 29
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 21
- 238000003763 carbonization Methods 0.000 description 20
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 18
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 16
- 235000001950 Elaeis guineensis Nutrition 0.000 description 14
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 13
- 241000512897 Elaeis Species 0.000 description 12
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 12
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 12
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 11
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000008399 tap water Substances 0.000 description 9
- 235000020679 tap water Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 240000008790 Musa x paradisiaca Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000018290 Musa x paradisiaca Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 6
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010903 husk Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000010902 straw Substances 0.000 description 4
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000010000 carbonizing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 240000002791 Brassica napus Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000004977 Brassica sinapistrum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000218645 Cedrus Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000301850 Cupressus sempervirens Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000003133 Elaeis guineensis Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000004281 Eucalyptus maculata Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 2
- 244000068988 Glycine max Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000010469 Glycine max Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000019482 Palm oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000219000 Populus Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000000111 Saccharum officinarum Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000007201 Saccharum officinarum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000124033 Salix Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000571 coke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021022 fresh fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002440 industrial waste Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 2
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002540 palm oil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000805 Pig iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002551 biofuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011017 operating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013138 pruning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B3/00—Destroying solid waste or transforming solid waste into something useful or harmless
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09B—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B09B5/00—Operations not covered by a single other subclass or by a single other group in this subclass
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/10—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by pyrolysis
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B53/00—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form
- C10B53/02—Destructive distillation, specially adapted for particular solid raw materials or solid raw materials in special form of cellulose-containing material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10B—DESTRUCTIVE DISTILLATION OF CARBONACEOUS MATERIALS FOR PRODUCTION OF GAS, COKE, TAR, OR SIMILAR MATERIALS
- C10B57/00—Other carbonising or coking processes; Features of destructive distillation processes in general
- C10B57/08—Non-mechanical pretreatment of the charge, e.g. desulfurization
- C10B57/10—Drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/44—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on vegetable substances
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Definitions
- the present invention relates to a method for cleaning biomass, a method for producing biomass coal by carbonizing pretreated biomass to produce biomass coal, and a method for operating a vertical furnace using the produced biomass coal.
- Biomass is known as a carbon-free carbon source. Biomass includes timber waste generated by demolishing houses, wood-based waste generated by sawmills, pruning waste in forests, agricultural waste, and the like. As the processing and utilization methods, landfill, neglect, incineration, fuel, etc. are the main ones. Biofuel crops intended for fuel use are also known.
- potassium or sodium may be included depending on the type of biomass that is the raw material of biomass coal.
- the object of the present invention is to solve such problems of the prior art and to produce biomass charcoal having a low alkali metal content, even when the biomass contains alkali metals such as potassium and sodium. It is in providing the washing
- the features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows. (1) a first step of subjecting biomass to any one of drying treatment, softening treatment or cell membrane destruction treatment; A second step of washing the biomass subjected to the treatment of the first step with water; A method for cleaning biomass. (2) The method for washing biomass according to (1), wherein the first step comprises applying a softening treatment or a cell membrane destruction treatment by subjecting the biomass to a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure. (3) The method for cleaning biomass according to (2), wherein the pressurizing treatment includes pressurizing at a pressure of 2 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 or more. (4) The method for cleaning biomass according to (2) or (3), wherein the pressurizing treatment includes pressurizing using pressurized water vapor.
- the first step comprises performing either softening treatment or cell membrane destruction treatment, The method for washing biomass according to any one of (2) to (4), wherein the method includes a drying treatment for drying the biomass that has been subjected to the treatment in the first step before the second step.
- the method for cleaning biomass according to (1) wherein the first step includes performing drying treatment by maintaining the biomass at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher.
- the first step consists of performing a drying process,
- the second step consists of washing the dried biomass while crushing it, The biomass cleaning method according to (1).
- a biomass charcoal production method comprising dry-distilling the washed biomass using the biomass washing method according to any one of (1) to (8).
- (11) A vertical furnace characterized in that biomass coal produced by using the production method according to (9) or (10) is blown from a tuyere of a vertical furnace as biomass coal for vertical furnace injection. Operation method.
- biomass having a low alkali metal content can be obtained and biomass charcoal having a low alkali metal content can be produced.
- air permeability in a vertical furnace that uses biomass charcoal is improved.
- biomass containing alkali metal can be used as biomass charcoal for vertical furnace blowing by dry distillation, and the reuse of biomass can be promoted, contributing to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.
- the biomass is subjected to a pressure treatment exceeding atmospheric pressure, and then washed with water. Since alkali metals such as potassium and sodium contained in biomass do not adhere to the biomass surface, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the alkali metal content by simply washing with water. However, by applying a pressure treatment before washing with water and releasing the pressure after that, the biomass is softened and the cell membrane is destroyed, so that the alkali metal can be removed by washing with water.
- the pressurization treatment is effective as long as it exceeds the atmospheric pressure, but if it is pressurized at a pressure of 2 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 or more, the effect of removing alkali metal in the subsequent water washing is large and effective. It is preferable to pressurize at a pressure of 1 ⁇ 10 6 N / m 2 or less. It is not economical to pressurize at a pressure exceeding 1 ⁇ 10 6 N / m 2 due to increased equipment costs and operating costs.
- the pressure treatment time is preferably 30 minutes or longer, more preferably 1 hour or longer. From the viewpoint of the effect of the pressure treatment, the pressure treatment time is preferably within 5 hours.
- the pressure treatment is preferably performed using water vapor.
- the pressure treatment using water vapor can be performed, for example, by introducing pressurized saturated water vapor into a treatment tank sealed with biomass.
- the water washing treatment may be performed by immersing the biomass in water, but it is preferable to add an acid such as sulfuric acid to the water to make the pickling treatment. Since the cell membrane of biomass is destroyed by pickling, the alkali metal removal effect is further improved.
- Biomass is a general term for a certain amount of accumulated animal and plant resources and wastes originating from them (excluding fossil resources).
- the biomass used in the present invention includes agricultural, forestry, livestock, and fisheries. Any biomass that is pyrolyzed to produce carbide, such as a system or a waste system, can be used. It is preferable to use biomass having a high effective calorific value, and it is preferable to use woody biomass.
- Woody biomass includes papermaking by-products such as pulp black liquor and chip dust, lumber by-products such as bark and sawdust, forest land remnants such as branches, leaves, treetops, and end mills, cedar, cypress, pine, etc.
- Forest products such as thinned timber, edible fungi from special forest products such as hodwood, firewood charcoal such as shii, konara, pine, forestry biomass such as willow, poplar, eucalyptus, pine, etc.
- General waste such as pruned branches of garden trees in private houses, pruned branches of country and prefectures, pruned branches of garden trees of companies, industrial waste such as construction and building waste, and the like.
- Agricultural systems such as rice husks, wheat straw, rice straw, sugarcane casks, palm palm (oil palm), etc., which are classified as agricultural biomass, and rice husks, rapeseed, soybeans etc.
- a part of the biomass can also be suitably used as the woody biomass.
- biomass charcoal using biomass containing a high concentration of alkali metals such as potassium and sodium among the above-mentioned biomass, and having a potassium concentration of 1 mass% or more. It is preferred to use the present invention for biomass.
- biomass containing alkali metals such as potassium and sodium at high concentrations include palm palm, oil corn, and banana.
- the empty fruit bunches (EFB) of palm palm, which is a by-product of palm oil, are fruit stalks from which the fruit containing oil has been peeled off, and contain 2-3 mass% (dry base) of potassium. are known.
- the biomass is preferably washed with water after crushing to a predetermined particle size. Since the cleaning effect is improved as the particle size (maximum length) is smaller, the particle size is preferably 200 mm or less. On the other hand, if the particle size is too small, the carbonization treatment becomes difficult depending on the carbonization method, such as when carbonizing using a shaft furnace, so the particle size is preferably 5 mm or more. In the case of using a thin fiber-like biomass, washing can be performed without crushing. For example, an empty fruit bunch of palm palm (oil palm) having a length of 300 to 500 mm can be used in Embodiment 1 as it is without being crushed.
- Biomass washed by the above method is in a state in which the content of alkali metal is sufficiently reduced, and is dry-distilled by heating with the supply of air (oxygen) cut off or restricted to produce biomass charcoal. .
- the dry distillation is preferably performed at 400 to 800 ° C.
- a vertical furnace such as a shaft furnace can be used.
- the biomass charcoal produced in this manner does not contain alkali metal at a high concentration, and can be suitably used for vertical furnace blowing.
- Biomass charcoal produced using the biomass washed by the above method can be used after being pulverized to a particle size suitable for blowing and blown from the tuyere of a vertical furnace.
- the water used for washing biomass is preferably used as a fertilizer because it contains a high concentration of minerals such as potassium.
- the washing water used for the multiple washings can be suitably used as a fertilizer because it contains, for example, several mass% of potassium.
- a washing test was carried out using a fresh fruit axis (root portion of the bunch) of banana (Giant Cavendish) as biomass.
- the fruit axis was crushed to a thickness of about 3 mm and a length of about 30 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were performed, and various components remaining in the treated biomass were measured. Washing was performed using distilled water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 1.
- a washing test was conducted using an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm as biomass.
- the EFB was crushed to a thickness of about 5 mm and a length of about 50 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were performed, and various components remaining in the treated biomass were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 3.
- the potassium (K) concentration is significantly reduced when the water washing treatment is performed after the pressure treatment as compared with the case of no treatment.
- the K concentration further decreases.
- a washing test was conducted using an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm as biomass.
- EFB empty palm bunch
- EFB was finely crushed to a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 10 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were performed, and various components remaining in the treated biomass were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 4.
- the potassium (K) concentration is significantly reduced when the water washing treatment is performed after the pressure treatment as compared with the case of no treatment.
- the K concentration further decreases.
- an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm was used to perform a washing test, and then carbonized to produce biomass charcoal.
- the EFB was crushed to a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 10 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were respectively performed, carbonization was performed by carbonization at 500 ° C., and various components remaining in the treated biomass charcoal were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 5.
- the potassium (K) concentration is significantly reduced when the water washing treatment is performed after the pressure treatment as compared with the case of no treatment.
- the K concentration further decreases.
- an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm was used to conduct a carbonization test, followed by a washing treatment to produce biomass charcoal.
- the EFB was crushed to a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 10 mm.
- carbonization was performed by carbonization at 500 ° C., followed by drying, pressurization, and washing, and various components remaining in the biomass charcoal after the treatment were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 6.
- Oil palm fruit bunches were placed in a steam kettle and pressurized with saturated steam at a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 1 hour. Palm fruit was separated from the rapidly processed FFB to obtain empty fruit bunches (EFB). At this stage, the potassium content of EFB was 3 mass% (dry base).
- the EFB obtained in the above process was introduced into the carbonization furnace as it was and carbonized at 500 ° C. to obtain a carbide.
- the potassium concentration in the obtained biomass carbide was about 3 mass%.
- the obtained EFB was washed with water, further introduced into a carbonization furnace, and carbonized at 500 ° C. to obtain a carbide.
- the potassium concentration in the obtained biomass carbide was about 0.9 mass%.
- the obtained EFB was quickly heated and dried, further washed with water, further introduced into a carbonization furnace and carbonized at 500 ° C. to obtain a carbide.
- the potassium concentration in the obtained biomass carbide was about 0.5 mass%.
- the temperature of the EFB immediately before drying the EFB was maintained at 70 ° C. or higher so as not to release the residual heat of the steam treatment. Thereby, the energy required for drying EFB could be saved more than the energy required for drying EFB at room temperature.
- the biomass is dried and then washed with water. Since alkali metals such as potassium and sodium contained in biomass do not adhere to the biomass surface, it is difficult to sufficiently reduce the alkali metal content by simply washing with water. However, by performing a drying process before washing with water, the washing liquid penetrates into the biomass well, so that the alkali metal removal effect is improved, and it becomes possible to remove the alkali metal with washing.
- the drying treatment is effective if the moisture content of the biomass is reduced, but if it is dried by keeping it at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher, the effect of removing alkali metals in the subsequent water washing is large and effective. More preferably, it is a drying treatment at 100 ° C. or higher, and at 100 ° C. or higher, the destruction of the cell membrane is promoted by rapid water evaporation, and the effect of washing with water is improved.
- the drying treatment is preferably performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. or lower. If it exceeds 200 ° C, equipment costs and operating costs increase, which is not economical. In addition, there arises a problem that the biomass is thermally decomposed and deteriorated.
- the drying treatment time is preferably 30 minutes or longer, more preferably 1 hour or longer. In addition, from the viewpoint of the effect of the drying treatment, it is preferable that the drying treatment time is within 5 hours.
- drying treatment can be performed by vacuum drying, freeze drying, superheated steam drying, or the like.
- the biomass is dried and then washed with water.
- pressure treatment to the biomass before washing with water and then releasing the pressure, the biomass is softened, the cell membrane is destroyed, and the alkali metal removal effect is improved.
- the pressure treatment of the biomass is effective as long as it exceeds the atmospheric pressure, but if it is pressurized at a pressure of 2 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 or more, the effect of removing alkali metal in the subsequent water washing is large and effective.
- the pressure treatment is preferably performed using water vapor.
- the pressure treatment using water vapor can be performed, for example, by introducing pressurized saturated water vapor into a treatment tank sealed with biomass.
- the water washing treatment may be performed by immersing the biomass in water, but it is preferable to add an acid such as sulfuric acid to the water to make the pickling treatment. Since the cell membrane of biomass is destroyed by pickling, the alkali metal removal effect is further improved.
- Biomass is a general term for a certain amount of accumulated animal and plant resources and wastes originating from them (excluding fossil resources).
- the biomass used in the present invention includes agricultural, forestry, livestock, and fisheries. Any biomass that is pyrolyzed to produce carbide, such as a system or a waste system, can be used. It is preferable to use biomass having a high effective calorific value, and it is preferable to use woody biomass.
- Woody biomass includes papermaking by-products such as pulp black liquor and chip dust, lumber by-products such as bark and sawdust, forest land remnants such as branches, leaves, treetops, and end mills, cedar, cypress, pine, etc.
- Forest products such as thinned timber, edible fungi from special forest products such as hodwood, firewood charcoal such as shii, konara, pine, forestry biomass such as willow, poplar, eucalyptus, pine, etc.
- General waste such as pruned branches of garden trees in private houses, pruned branches of country and prefectures, pruned branches of garden trees of companies, industrial waste such as construction and building waste, and the like.
- Agricultural systems such as rice husks, wheat straw, rice straw, sugarcane casks, palm palm (oil palm), etc., which are classified as agricultural biomass, and rice husks, rapeseed, soybeans etc.
- a part of the biomass can also be suitably used as the woody biomass.
- Embodiment 2 it is effective when it is used when producing biomass charcoal using biomass containing a high concentration of alkali metals such as potassium and sodium among the above-mentioned biomass as a raw material, and a potassium concentration of 1 mass% or more ( It is preferred to use the present invention for dry base biomass.
- biomass containing alkali metals such as potassium and sodium at high concentrations include palm palm, oil corn, and banana.
- the empty fruit bunches (EFB) of palm palm which is a by-product of palm oil, are fruit stalks from which the fruit containing oil has been peeled off, and contain 2-3 mass% (dry base) of potassium. are known.
- the biomass is preferably washed with water after crushing to a predetermined particle size. Since the cleaning effect is improved as the particle size (maximum length) is smaller, the particle size is preferably 200 mm or less. On the other hand, if the particle size is too small, the carbonization treatment becomes difficult depending on the carbonization method, such as when carbonizing using a shaft furnace, so the particle size is preferably 5 mm or more. In the case of using a thin fiber-like biomass, washing can be performed without crushing. For example, an empty fruit bunch of palm palm having a maximum length of 300 to 500 mm can be used as it is in the present invention without being crushed.
- Biomass washed by the above method is in a state in which the content of alkali metal is sufficiently reduced, and is dry-distilled by heating with the supply of air (oxygen) cut off or restricted to produce biomass charcoal. .
- the dry distillation is preferably performed at 400 to 800 ° C.
- a vertical furnace such as a shaft furnace can be used.
- the biomass charcoal produced in this manner does not contain alkali metal at a high concentration, and can be suitably used for vertical furnace blowing.
- Biomass charcoal produced using the biomass washed by the above method can be used after being pulverized to a particle size suitable for blowing and blown from the tuyere of a vertical furnace.
- the water used for washing biomass is preferably used as a fertilizer because it contains a high concentration of minerals such as potassium.
- the washing water used for the multiple washings can be suitably used as a fertilizer because it contains, for example, several mass% of potassium.
- a washing test was carried out using a fresh fruit axis (root portion of the bunch) of banana (Giant Cavendish) as biomass.
- the fruit axis was crushed to a thickness of about 3 mm and a length of about 30 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were performed, and various components remaining in the treated biomass were measured. Washing was performed using distilled water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 7.
- a washing test was conducted using an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm as biomass.
- the EFB was crushed to a thickness of about 5 mm and a length of about 50 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were performed, and various components remaining in the treated biomass were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 9.
- the potassium (K) concentration decreases when the water washing treatment is performed after the drying treatment as compared with the case of no treatment.
- the K concentration further decreases.
- a washing test was conducted using an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm as biomass.
- the EFB was finely crushed to a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 10 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were performed, and various components remaining in the treated biomass were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 10.
- the potassium (K) concentration is significantly reduced when the water washing treatment is performed after the drying treatment as compared with the case of no treatment.
- the K concentration further decreases.
- an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm was used to perform a washing test, and then carbonized to produce biomass charcoal.
- the EFB was crushed to a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 10 mm.
- drying, pressurization, and washing treatment were respectively performed, carbonization was performed by carbonization at 500 ° C., and various components remaining in the treated biomass charcoal were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 11.
- the potassium (K) concentration is significantly reduced when the water washing treatment is performed after the drying treatment as compared with the case of no treatment.
- the K concentration further decreases.
- an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm was used to conduct a carbonization test, followed by a washing treatment to produce biomass charcoal.
- the EFB was crushed to a thickness of about 0.5 mm and a length of about 10 mm.
- carbonization was performed by carbonization at 500 ° C., followed by drying, pressurization, and washing, and various components remaining in the biomass charcoal after the treatment were measured. Washing was performed using tap water, drying treatment was performed at 110 ° C. for 2 hours, and pressure treatment was performed in a steam kettle with a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 2 hours.
- the measurement results on the dry base are also shown in Table 12.
- Oil palm fruit bunches were placed in a steam kettle and pressurized with saturated steam at a pressure of 3.9 ⁇ 10 5 N / m 2 for 1 hour. Palm fruit was separated from the rapidly processed FFB to obtain empty fruit bunches (EFB). At this stage, the potassium content of EFB was 3 mass% (dry base).
- the EFB obtained in the above process was introduced into the carbonization furnace as it was and carbonized at 500 ° C. to obtain a carbide.
- the potassium concentration in the obtained biomass carbide was about 3 mass%.
- the obtained EFB was washed with water, further introduced into a carbonization furnace, and carbonized at 500 ° C. to obtain a carbide.
- the potassium concentration in the obtained biomass carbide was about 0.9 mass%.
- the obtained EFB was quickly heated and dried, further washed with water, further introduced into a carbonization furnace and carbonized at 500 ° C. to obtain a carbide.
- the EFB was dried by treating with dry air at 100 ° C. for 3 hours.
- the potassium concentration in the obtained biomass carbide was about 0.5 mass%.
- a washing test was conducted using an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm as biomass.
- the EFB was crushed to a size that passed through a 50 mm screen using a uniaxial hydraulic push-type crusher (RPC40160 manufactured by Oike Steel Co., Ltd.).
- the crushed EFB was dried by natural drying until the water content was 10 mass% or less.
- about 10 kg of dried EFB was crushed using a cutter mill (ZJA3-561, manufactured by Horai Co., Ltd.) to a size that passes through screens of ⁇ 8 mm, ⁇ 10 mm, and ⁇ 12 mm.
- the throughput when using each screen was 110 kg / h, 169 kg / h and 258 kg / h in order.
- the finer the screen the lower the throughput, because it is necessary to increase the crushing time in order to pass through the finer screen.
- tap water was supplied at a water volume of 930 L / h, and EFB was stirred and washed while crushing.
- the EFB after crushing and washing was dehydrated and the components remaining in the treated EFB were measured.
- Table 13 shows the measurement results on the dry base.
- the fine ones were in the form of fibers of about 5 mm regardless of which screen was used.
- a screen having a diameter of 8 mm was used, a fibrous EFB of 5 to 8 mm was obtained.
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Abstract
Description
一方で、銑鉄を製造する竪型炉である高炉においては、鉄鉱石などの鉄源と熱源としてコークスが原料として用いられており、補助燃料として微粉炭が使用されている。高炉の羽口から熱風と共に安価な微粉炭を吹き込むことで、高価なコークスの使用量を削減することができる。この微粉炭として上記のバイオマス炭を用いることで、二酸化炭素排出量削減に貢献できることになる。 In addition, a technique for producing such a combustible gas or carbide (biomass charcoal) by pyrolyzing such biomass and reusing it as a fuel is also known (for example, see Patent Document 1).
On the other hand, in a blast furnace, which is a vertical furnace for producing pig iron, coke is used as a raw material and an iron source such as iron ore, and pulverized coal is used as an auxiliary fuel. The amount of expensive coke used can be reduced by blowing inexpensive pulverized coal together with hot air from the tuyere of the blast furnace. By using the biomass coal as the pulverized coal, it is possible to contribute to the reduction of carbon dioxide emissions.
(1)バイオマスに、乾燥処理、軟化処理または細胞膜の破壊処理のいずれか一つの処理を施す第一工程と、
前記第一工程の処理を施したバイオマスを水洗する第二工程と、
を有するバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(2)前記第一工程が、バイオマスを大気圧超えで加圧処理することにより軟化処理または細胞膜の破壊処理を施すことからなる、(1)に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(3)前記加圧処理が、2×105N/m2以上の圧力で加圧することからなる(2)に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(4)前記加圧処理が、加圧した水蒸気を用いて加圧処理することからなる(2)または(3)に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(5)前記第一工程が、軟化処理または細胞膜の破壊処理のいずれかを施すことからなり、
前記第二工程の前に、前記第一工程の処理を施したバイオマスを乾燥させる乾燥処理を有する、(2)ないし(4)のいずれかに記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(6)前記第一工程が、バイオマスを60℃以上の温度に保持することにより乾燥処理を施すことからなる(1)に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(7)前記第一工程が、乾燥処理を施すことからなり、
前記第二工程が、乾燥処理を施したバイオマスを破砕しながら水洗することからなる、
(1)に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(8)前記水洗は、酸を添加した水溶液で洗浄する酸洗である(1)ないし(7)のいずれかに記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。
(9)(1)ないし(8)のいずれかに記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法を用いて洗浄されたバイオマスを乾留することを特徴とするバイオマス炭の製造方法。
(10)前記乾留が400~800℃で行なわれる請求項9に記載のバイオマス炭の製造方法。
(11)(9)または(10)に記載の製造方法を用いて製造されたバイオマス炭を、竪型炉吹き込み用バイオマス炭として竪型炉の羽口から吹き込むことを特徴とする竪型炉の操業方法。 The features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows.
(1) a first step of subjecting biomass to any one of drying treatment, softening treatment or cell membrane destruction treatment;
A second step of washing the biomass subjected to the treatment of the first step with water;
A method for cleaning biomass.
(2) The method for washing biomass according to (1), wherein the first step comprises applying a softening treatment or a cell membrane destruction treatment by subjecting the biomass to a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure.
(3) The method for cleaning biomass according to (2), wherein the pressurizing treatment includes pressurizing at a pressure of 2 × 10 5 N / m 2 or more.
(4) The method for cleaning biomass according to (2) or (3), wherein the pressurizing treatment includes pressurizing using pressurized water vapor.
(5) The first step comprises performing either softening treatment or cell membrane destruction treatment,
The method for washing biomass according to any one of (2) to (4), wherein the method includes a drying treatment for drying the biomass that has been subjected to the treatment in the first step before the second step.
(6) The method for cleaning biomass according to (1), wherein the first step includes performing drying treatment by maintaining the biomass at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher.
(7) The first step consists of performing a drying process,
The second step consists of washing the dried biomass while crushing it,
The biomass cleaning method according to (1).
(8) The method for washing biomass according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein the washing with water is pickling with an aqueous solution to which an acid has been added.
(9) A biomass charcoal production method comprising dry-distilling the washed biomass using the biomass washing method according to any one of (1) to (8).
(10) The method for producing biomass coal according to claim 9, wherein the dry distillation is performed at 400 to 800 ° C.
(11) A vertical furnace characterized in that biomass coal produced by using the production method according to (9) or (10) is blown from a tuyere of a vertical furnace as biomass coal for vertical furnace injection. Operation method.
加圧処理の時間は30分以上とすることが好ましく、1時間以上であれば更に好ましい。なお、加圧処理の効果の観点からは、加圧処理の時間を5時間以内とすることが好ましい。 The pressurization treatment is effective as long as it exceeds the atmospheric pressure, but if it is pressurized at a pressure of 2 × 10 5 N / m 2 or more, the effect of removing alkali metal in the subsequent water washing is large and effective. It is preferable to pressurize at a pressure of 1 × 10 6 N / m 2 or less. It is not economical to pressurize at a pressure exceeding 1 × 10 6 N / m 2 due to increased equipment costs and operating costs.
The pressure treatment time is preferably 30 minutes or longer, more preferably 1 hour or longer. From the viewpoint of the effect of the pressure treatment, the pressure treatment time is preferably within 5 hours.
[実施の形態2] Similarly, the obtained EFB was quickly heated and dried, further washed with water, further introduced into a carbonization furnace and carbonized at 500 ° C. to obtain a carbide. The potassium concentration in the obtained biomass carbide was about 0.5 mass%. The temperature of the EFB immediately before drying the EFB was maintained at 70 ° C. or higher so as not to release the residual heat of the steam treatment. Thereby, the energy required for drying EFB could be saved more than the energy required for drying EFB at room temperature.
[Embodiment 2]
乾燥処理の時間は30分以上とすることが好ましく、1時間以上であれば更に好ましい。なお、乾燥処理の効果の観点からは、乾燥処理の時間を5時間以内とすることが好ましい。 The drying treatment is effective if the moisture content of the biomass is reduced, but if it is dried by keeping it at a temperature of 60 ° C. or higher, the effect of removing alkali metals in the subsequent water washing is large and effective. More preferably, it is a drying treatment at 100 ° C. or higher, and at 100 ° C. or higher, the destruction of the cell membrane is promoted by rapid water evaporation, and the effect of washing with water is improved. The drying treatment is preferably performed at a temperature of 200 ° C. or lower. If it exceeds 200 ° C, equipment costs and operating costs increase, which is not economical. In addition, there arises a problem that the biomass is thermally decomposed and deteriorated.
The drying treatment time is preferably 30 minutes or longer, more preferably 1 hour or longer. In addition, from the viewpoint of the effect of the drying treatment, it is preferable that the drying treatment time is within 5 hours.
破砕後のEFBを観察したところ細かなものはいずれのスクリーンを使用した場合でも約5mmの繊維状であった。φ8mmのスクリーンを使用した場合には主として5~8mmの繊維状のEFBが得られた。φ10mmのスクリーンを使用した場合には主として5~10mmの繊維状のEFBが得られた。φ12mmのスクリーンを使用した場合には主として5~12mmの繊維状のEFBが得られた。ただし、いずれのスクリーンを使用した場合にも、スクリーン径よりも長いEFBが混ざっていた。これは、EFBが太さ0.5mmの繊維状であるため繊維長方向に並んだEFBがスクリーンに垂直な方向で通過したためと思われる。 A washing test was conducted using an empty palm bunch (EFB) of oil palm as biomass. The EFB was crushed to a size that passed through a 50 mm screen using a uniaxial hydraulic push-type crusher (RPC40160 manufactured by Oike Steel Co., Ltd.). The crushed EFB was dried by natural drying until the water content was 10 mass% or less. Next, about 10 kg of dried EFB was crushed using a cutter mill (ZJA3-561, manufactured by Horai Co., Ltd.) to a size that passes through screens of φ8 mm, φ10 mm, and φ12 mm. The throughput when using each screen was 110 kg / h, 169 kg / h and 258 kg / h in order. The finer the screen, the lower the throughput, because it is necessary to increase the crushing time in order to pass through the finer screen. At the time of crushing using each screen, tap water was supplied at a water volume of 930 L / h, and EFB was stirred and washed while crushing. The EFB after crushing and washing was dehydrated and the components remaining in the treated EFB were measured. Table 13 shows the measurement results on the dry base.
When the EFB after crushing was observed, the fine ones were in the form of fibers of about 5 mm regardless of which screen was used. When a screen having a diameter of 8 mm was used, a fibrous EFB of 5 to 8 mm was obtained. When a screen with a diameter of 10 mm was used, a fibrous EFB of 5 to 10 mm was mainly obtained. When a φ12 mm screen was used, a fibrous EFB of 5 to 12 mm was mainly obtained. However, when any screen was used, EFB longer than the screen diameter was mixed. This is probably because the EFB arranged in the fiber length direction passed in the direction perpendicular to the screen because the EFB was a fiber having a thickness of 0.5 mm.
Claims (11)
- バイオマスに、乾燥処理、軟化処理または細胞膜の破壊処理のいずれか一つの処理を施す第一工程と、
前記第一工程の処理を施したバイオマスを水洗する第二工程と、
を有するバイオマスの洗浄方法。 A first step of subjecting the biomass to any one of a drying treatment, a softening treatment or a cell membrane destruction treatment;
A second step of washing the biomass subjected to the treatment of the first step with water;
A method for cleaning biomass. - 前記第一工程がバイオマスを大気圧超えで加圧処理することにより軟化処理または細胞膜の破壊処理を施す、請求項1に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。 The method for washing biomass according to claim 1, wherein the first step performs a softening treatment or a cell membrane destruction treatment by pressurizing the biomass at a pressure exceeding atmospheric pressure.
- 前記加圧処理が2×105N/m2以上の圧力で加圧する、請求項2に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。 The method for cleaning biomass according to claim 2, wherein the pressurizing process is performed at a pressure of 2 × 10 5 N / m 2 or more.
- 前記加圧処理が加圧した水蒸気を用いて加圧処理する、請求項2または請求項3に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。 The method for cleaning biomass according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the pressure treatment is performed using water vapor pressurized by the pressure treatment.
- 前記第一工程が軟化処理または細胞膜の破壊処理のいずれかを施すことからなり、
前記第二工程の前に、前記第一工程の処理を施したバイオマスを乾燥させる乾燥処理を有する、
請求項2ないし請求項4のいずれかに記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。 The first step consists of performing either softening treatment or cell membrane destruction treatment,
Before the second step, having a drying treatment for drying the biomass subjected to the treatment of the first step,
The method for cleaning biomass according to any one of claims 2 to 4. - 前記第一工程がバイオマスを60℃以上の温度に保持することにより乾燥処理を施す、請求項1に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。 The method for washing biomass according to claim 1, wherein the first step performs a drying process by maintaining the biomass at a temperature of 60 ° C or higher.
- 前記第一工程が乾燥処理を施すことからなり、
前記第二工程が乾燥処理を施したバイオマスを破砕しながら水洗する、
請求項1に記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。 The first step consists of performing a drying process,
The second step is washed with water while crushing the dried biomass.
The method for cleaning biomass according to claim 1. - 前記水洗が酸を添加した水溶液で洗浄する酸洗である、請求項1ないし請求項7のいずれ
かに記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法。 The method for washing biomass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the washing with water is an acid washing with an acid-added aqueous solution. - 請求項1ないし請求項8のいずれかに記載のバイオマスの洗浄方法を用いて洗浄されたバイオマスを乾留することを特徴とするバイオマス炭の製造方法。 A method for producing biomass charcoal, comprising dry-distilling biomass washed using the biomass washing method according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
- 前記乾留が400~800℃で行なわれる請求項9に記載のバイオマス炭の製造方法。 The method for producing biomass coal according to claim 9, wherein the dry distillation is performed at 400 to 800 ° C.
- 請求項9または請求項10に記載の製造方法を用いて製造されたバイオマス炭を、竪型炉吹き込み用バイオマス炭として竪型炉の羽口から吹き込むことを特徴とする竪型炉の操業方法。 A method for operating a vertical furnace, wherein biomass charcoal produced by using the production method according to claim 9 or 10 is injected from a tuyere of a vertical furnace as biomass charcoal for vertical furnace injection.
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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KR101352442B1 (en) | 2014-01-16 |
CN102427892A (en) | 2012-04-25 |
JP2010270320A (en) | 2010-12-02 |
MY153853A (en) | 2015-03-31 |
JP5558185B2 (en) | 2014-07-23 |
CN102427892B (en) | 2015-03-25 |
KR20120022961A (en) | 2012-03-12 |
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