JP4849650B1 - Method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste and recycling method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: In conventional literature, biomass includes the production of biomass charcoal (high quality carbide) having a low content of alkali metals such as potassium and the use of fuel in a vertical furnace of high quality carbide. Biomass is selected from drying, softening, or cell membrane rupture treatment, followed by a washing process and dry distillation of the biomass raw material, and a method for producing biomass charcoal in a vertical furnace. Use blown fuel. However, it is not considered that mineral-mixed water such as potassium is generated by the water washing treatment.
SOLUTION: Palm palm waste is subjected to steaming, cutting (shearing) crushing, granulation, drying, and high heat treatment, and separated into carbides, gas containing tar and pyroligneous acid solution (organic acid solution). High heat treatment process, high-temperature carbide is cooled with organic acid solution, and potassium, sodium, magnesium, etc. of high-grade carbide is removed, and potassium vinegar aqueous solution containing potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, etc. A method for treating tropical plant waste comprising a carbide generation step and a separation step.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to, for example, a method for treating tropical plant waste (including woody waste) disposed of in a field and a method for recycling the same.

  For example, palm coconuts or Falkata, or tropical plants such as eucalyptus, acacia, abragiri, and mangroves that are cultivated in the tropics are being planted as a countermeasure against CO2. The reason for this is that “1” is high growth of tropical plants and “2” is cultivated in plantations (incorporating a large-scale factory production method, a large amount of farmland in the tropical and subtropical regions) “Cultivation method” is a method of cultivating a large amount of a single crop using cheap labor such as indigenous people and black slaves. In addition, “3” is characterized by the quantity and multi-quality cultivation of tropical plants as oil extraction and edible fruits.

  In such cultivation, in the growth process of tropical plants, a large amount of potassium is required for high growth and when fruits are grown to make oil, and in order to increase the sugar content of the fruits, Of magnesium. In such a cultivation method, in order to absorb a large amount of alkali metal from the soil, early and after the third generation (20 to 45 years), the soil is converted to poor alkali metal and tropical plants are not grown (desertification). It is found that And in reality, in palm cultivation in Malaysia (palm plantation), 1.2 million tons of potassium chloride (purity of about 60%) is imported annually to supplement potassium. 50-60% of this palm oil price is the purchase price of potassium chloride, and the palm oil price is linked to the price fluctuation of potassium chloride and has a high price. On the other hand, empty fruit bunches (EFB) generated during the recovery of palm oil are generated 17 million tons per year and are discarded and contaminated with soil.

Based on the above situation, in terms of potassium,
Imported potassium 1,200,000 (t) x 0.6 (purity) x 19/36 (molecular weight) = 380,000 (t)
Empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste potassium (empty fruit-containing potassium is 3%)
17,000,000 (t) × 0.03 = 510,000 (t)
Subtraction 510,000-380,000 = 130,000 (t)
When this is converted into a general soil area (1m3 17kg of potassium is contained and the depth is 1m)
130,000 × 1,000 ÷ 17 = 7,647,000 (m2)
Even looking at the difference between empty fruit bunch (EFB) and imported potassium chloride, 7.6 ha is desertified annually.

  In addition, 560,000 tons (1,200,000 × 0.6 × 19/36 × 28/17) of salt damage occurs every year.

  This is a story about a palm plantation supplemented with potassium, and in a plantation that does not supplement potassium, the desertification area due to poor alkali metallization is immeasurable.

In terms of potassium concentration reduction in carbide (biomass coal), the limit of potassium removal at the time of raw material is considered to be around 0.48% in the process of producing carbide.

The amount of potassium remaining in the carbide is 1,000 (kg) × 0.0048 = 4.8 (kg)
The amount of carbide produced is 1,000 (kg) x 0.25 (production rate) = 250 (kg)
The potassium content of the carbide is 4.8 (kg) ÷ 250 (kg) × 100 = 1.92 (%) (considered as a limit value)
And the potassium content requested | required as the carbide | carbonized_material (carburizing material) in steel manufacture is 0.5% or less. Therefore, it is considered that it does not make much sense to depotassify this carbide at the raw material. The reason is considered to be that alkali metals exist in the cell solution in an ionized state, and the cell destruction is very small by cutting, crushing, steaming, etc., and therefore can be taken out only by osmotic leaching through the cell membrane.

By the way, when the generated carbide (potassium content 2.41%) was washed with water or acid, the following experimental results were found.

  Here, the test using acetic acid was conducted with the organic acid generated in the carbide (wood vinegar aqueous solution) in mind (representative substitute), and the organic that incorporated potassium (alkali metal). Considering that acid (wood vinegar aqueous solution) can be used as an effective fertilizer.

  In addition, an aqueous fertilizer (organic liquid fertilizer) from which potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, and the like are extracted by an aqueous wood vinegar solution is beneficial, but tends to be acidic, for example, due to handling and the composition of its components. There is. In addition, for example, in areas where there is heavy rain, most of the soil is acidic soil (as an indicator, in places where the annual rainfall exceeds 1,500 mm, the alkaline components “sodium, potassium, magnesium, calcium, etc.” Is washed away and acidified). As an improvement of such a situation, for example, solidification of a wood vinegar aqueous solution is beneficial. For this solidification, as a waste material, for example, slag generated at a steel mill, fly ash generated at a coal-fired power plant, or produced artificial zeolite is beneficial. The reason is that calcium oxide (CaO) and magnesium oxide (MgO), which are the main components of these slag, fly ash, or artificial zeolite, are calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH) 2), magnesium hydroxide (Mg (OH ) When changing to 2), heat of chemical reaction is generated, which is useful for evaporating moisture and solidifying. In addition, the slag and fly ash waste material can be effectively used, and it is possible to rationalize such as troublesome processing, cost of processing, etc., and economic improvement.

  Subsequently, prior literature on the treatment of biomass and its recycling system, or solidification of a pyroligneous acid aqueous solution is given.

  First, the literature (1) includes “a method for cleaning biomass, a method for producing biomass charcoal, and a method for operating a vertical furnace” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-270320. In consideration of the fact that biomass contains alkali metals such as potassium and sodium, this invention produces biomass charcoal (high quality carbide) with a low (low) alkali metal content, Carbide is used as fuel for vertical furnaces, and the essence is that biomass is selected from drying treatment, softening treatment, or cell membrane rupture treatment, followed by washing with water, A method of producing biomass charcoal by dry distillation of the washed biomass raw material and an operation method of blowing this biomass charcoal into a vertical furnace and using it as fuel. However, even if biomass charcoal is produced by such a simple method, it is not necessarily considered that high-quality biomass charcoal can be produced. In [0023], there is the following description. “Water used for washing biomass is preferably used as a fertilizer because it contains a high concentration of minerals such as potassium. The washing water used for washing multiple times contains, for example, several to 3 mass% of potassium. Therefore, when agricultural or forestry biomass is used as the biomass, the water after washing can be washed without incurring the cost of transportation by carrying out water washing treatment near the source of biomass. Can be effectively used as a fertilizer. " That is, it is disclosed that minerals such as high concentration potassium mixed in water used for washing biomass can be used as fertilizer. However, as described in [0013], it is generally impossible to understand that water mixed with minerals such as high-concentration potassium is generated simply by washing the soaked biomass with water.

  Next, document (2) is “organic waste disposal system” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-260538. This invention uses a methane fermentation gas as a fuel for power generation, heats and carbonizes organic waste such as biomass, and separates it into a liquid organic substance and a solid organic substance in a carbonization device that generates carbide and dry distillation gas. . This liquid organic material is used as methane fermentation gas via a methane fermentation device, and the solid organic material is used as a carbide, and is a system that combines methane fermentation device, carbonization device, or power generation device appropriately. This is an environment-friendly structure while utilizing the mutual features of each device and eliminating defects. And [0067] of the specification has the following description. “The broken carbide contains a large amount of nitrogen, so it can be used as a fertilizer. Or, when phosphoric acid is added to the carbide in a weight percentage of about 2% or more, the amount of adsorbed ammonia is about 10 times that of the non-attached one. The broken carbide is rich in phosphorus and nitrogen, so it can be used as a fertilizer.The deodorizer that adsorbs malodorous gas by the carbide is a fertilizer feeder that supplies the broken carbide as a fertilizer by adsorption. Used for. " It is characterized by ensuring the effectiveness as a fertilizer by performing another process to this carbide | carbonized_material. However, as described in [0067], the present invention has improvements such as, for example, the addition of phosphoric acid in order to ensure the effectiveness, leading to an increase in labor and cost. In addition, the waste liquid generated in methane fermentation contains, for example, a large amount of humic substances (organic matter decomposition intermediates) and various inorganic salts, and these removals include high activated carbon removal or membrane filtration. Cost processing must be done.

  Reference (3) includes “Waste treatment method and waste treatment apparatus” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2007-136396. In the present invention, a gas obtained in a carbonization furnace that heats and distills organic waste, and tar, light oil, char, and an organic chlorine compound contained in the gas are converted into a carbide obtained from the carbonization furnace in an adsorption tower. It is contact / adsorption to improve the gas purification and the calorific value of the carbide, such as tar, light oil, char and dioxin contained in the gas obtained by heating and distilling organic waste such as biomass. This is an effective use of organic waste that efficiently removes organic chlorine compounds at a low cost and makes effective use of carbides. However, the present invention is not a structure that uses, for example, tar, light oil, char, and organic chlorine compounds that have been removed, but the problem of wasted resources and some improvements, environmental problems, It cannot be considered as a global improvement in terms of aspect.

  Furthermore, the document (4) includes “a method of using biomass” disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2010-222475. The present invention relates to a method of using biomass charcoal produced by dry distillation of biomass in an iron making process, in which a pulverized biomass pulverized product is mixed with an iron-containing material pulverized product obtained by pulverizing an iron-containing material. And the mixture is dry-distilled to produce a mixed dry-distillate that is a mixture of biomass charcoal and carbon-precipitated iron-containing material. And it is the structure which uses this mixed dry distillation thing in a steelmaking process. Therefore, there are effective utilization of organic waste of biomass, improvement of low-grade iron ore, elimination of harmful effects of organic waste, reduction of fuel costs, and the like. However, as described in [0041], the present invention “provides the biomass and the iron-containing material that have been crushed and mixed in advance when the mixture of biomass and the iron-containing material is carbonized to the rotary kiln body”. It is a structure. Therefore, in this invention, it is a structure that uses an iron-containing substance instead of the use of biomass alone, and an improvement that leads to an increase in cost and complexity of the process can be considered as compared with the use of simple biomass. .

  Reference (5) includes “Solid matter for water purification and fishery resource development” in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2011-50934. The present invention relates to a chelate for sequestering iron ions in a mixture of this substance and carbon, for example, a substance containing iron or iron oxide or iron compound as a main component, for example, iron slag, sand iron or iron ore. It is a structure in which any one of citric acid, acetic acid or pyroligneous acid solution is added as an agent, and is described in [Claim 1], [Claim 3], [Claim 5], and [0035] of the specification. . In the present invention, iron (blast furnace) slag, fly ash, and the like are essentially the basis of cement. Then, by adding water to these, the calcium hydroxide and calcium silicate contained in the iron-making (blast furnace) slag, fly ash and the like serve as a fastening agent.

  Document (6) is “Sludge Waste Disposal Method” of Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-62598. The present invention is a structure in which solid materials such as cement, admixture materials such as fly ash, blast furnace slag fine powder, etc. are added to and mixed with sludge-like waste and solidified. It is. However, there is no disclosure of using a wood vinegar aqueous solution.

JP 2010-270320 A JP 2007-260538 A JP 2007-136396 A JP 2010-222475 A JP 2011-50934 A JP 2003-62598 A

Documents (1) to (4) described above have the above-mentioned problems and improvements, and organic waste such as biomass (tropical plant waste) or woody system. For the effective use of waste and / or recycling and environmental maintenance, there are possible uses for improvement.

  In addition, in the document (5), iron slag, fly ash and the like are originally a base of cement, and by adding water to these, calcium hydroxide and silicic acid contained in the iron slag, fly ash and the like Calcium acts as a fastener. In order to increase the strength, gravel, sand and the like are kneaded to produce mortar, and the use of the wood vinegar aqueous solution is different. Further, Document (6) does not use an aqueous solution of wood vinegar, but simply adds solid matter such as cement, fly ash or the like to sludge waste to solidify it.

In particular, it is not considered the above-mentioned prior literature regarding soil contamination and desertification, which is intended by the present invention. Therefore, the present invention aims at the following several points.
1) As a CO2 measure, plantation cultivation (large-scale), for example, has been cultivated in tropical regions, such as palm palm, Falkata, or tropical plants such as eucalyptus, acacia, abragiri, mangrove, etc. Incorporating factory production methods, investing a large amount of capital in vast farmland in the tropics and subtropics, and using a cheap labor force such as indigenous people and black slaves to grow a single crop in large quantities) Or the extraction of oil, as an edible fruit, using the quantity and characteristics of multi-quality cultivation to prevent soil desertification and ensure fertilization (maintenance of the environment on earth, and in advanced agricultural countries) As with a good farmer in Japan, use organic acid potassium (wood vinegar: wood vinegar aqueous solution) to improve productivity, safety, etc., and to reduce salt damage,
2) Carbide (high temperature) discharged from the carbonizer is cooled with an organic acid solution (wood vinegar aqueous solution) to remove potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphorus, etc. adhering to the surface of the carbide, and high-quality carbide is removed. Getting,
3) Organic acid solution (wood vinegar) that is generated after removing oil components and osmotic pressure, for example, potassium, sodium, magnesium, phosphoric acid, etc., which become a furnace wall obstacle when used as a fuel The use of an aqueous solution) to achieve this oil removal effect and to reduce furnace wall obstructions when used as fuel,
4) In the dryer, in order to suppress the load on the carbonization device, the moisture content is about 10% to 15%, preferably about 10% to 12%, or the heat source is the waste heat generated in the carbonization device. Use,
5) Use tar or noble gas that can be taken out by fractionation of carbonized exhaust gas (dry distillation gas) as carbonization heat source fuel in an external heating carbonization device,
6) Select and use carbide, for example, if it is used as fuel coal, leave it as it is (high heat can be obtained with high tar), and if it is used as reduced coal, it is treated again at high temperature. In addition, if it is used as a low tar charcoal, and if it is used as an adsorbent, steam activation is performed to obtain a multiporous charcoal (activated carbon).
7) Gas fuel and fertilizers such as organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate produced when the fractionated gas is treated by a cooling device with acetic acid solution (wood vinegar aqueous solution) Ingredients are the best at absorbing plants, eliminating salt damage like commercial fertilizers,
8) Regarding potassium fertilizer, distribution and handling are usually problems, and the transaction ratio is determined individually. The objects of distribution and handling are potassium chloride (70% to 80%), potassium sulfate (10% to 15%), potassium nitrate (5% to 10%), and organic acid potassium (5% or less). In view of the degree of absorption of plants and safety, the numerical value is preferably in the order of organic acid potassium> potassium nitrate> potassium sulfate> potassium hydrochloride.
9) In order to avoid solidification of wood vinegar aqueous solution, handling of wood vinegar aqueous solution (liquid organic fertilizer) made by carbonization process and its vulnerability (occurrence of acid poison), there is no outlet for current industrial waste, For example, effective utilization of blast furnace slag (slag), fly ash, etc., for example, a wood vinegar aqueous solution is used as a solidified (wood vinegar aqueous solution) fertilizer. Therefore, slag, fly ash, or artificial zeolite is an effective neutralizing agent and / or desiccant for the purpose of neutralizing acetic acid toxicity appearing at pH 4.8 or less (note that the pH used is The numerical value is adjusted to 8 to 10. Preferably, since the pH of the slag and the like is about 12, the amount of the wood vinegar aqueous solution is adjusted to the slag and the like while appropriately examining it).

  The invention of claim 1 achieves 1) to 8) collectively.

Claim 1 is palm palm shell (PKS), empty fruit bunch (EFB), pulp fiber, palm palm pruned branch, palm palm old tree (trunk), or Falkata shell, bark, falkata pruner Branches, old Falkata trees, or Eucalyptus, Acacia, Abragiri, mangrove bark (bark), heartwood after obtaining wood chips , pruned branches, or empty bunches of bananas, pruned bananas, banana leaves, old banana trees, Or pineapple, soy grass portion tropical plant waste, wood chips, bark wood waste, steamed in a steam kettle (combined with dryer), and then crushed and flooded Steaming process to increase washing and drying efficiency;
A cutting (shearing) crushing step in which this steamed raw material is cut and crushed by a crusher to produce a particle raw material,
A granulation step of granulating this particle raw material into a predetermined size to generate a granulated raw material,
Drying the granulated raw material with a dryer and promoting gasification of the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution;
This dried granulated raw material is guided to a carbonization furnace, subjected to high heat treatment, and a high heat treatment step of fractionating into a carbide and a gas containing tar and a pyroligneous acid solution (organic acid solution),
This high-temperature carbide is cooled with a pyroligneous acid aqueous solution , and potassium, sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus are removed from the surface of the carbide, and high-grade carbide, organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, And the carbide | carbonized_material production | generation process of obtaining the wood vinegar aqueous solution containing a phosphate,
A separation step in which the gas containing tar is cooled and separated into gas fuel, a pyroligneous acid aqueous solution, or tar fuel;
It is the processing method of the tropical plant waste comprised by this , or a wood type waste .

  The invention of claim 2 is achieved mainly by 4).

Claim 2 is a method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste according to claim 1,
In the drying process by the dryer, in order to suppress the load in the carbonization furnace, a method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste that is configured to dry to a moisture content of 10% to 15% .

The invention of claim 3 is achieved mainly with 7) and 8) .

Claim 3 is an aqueous wood vinegar solution containing organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate produced in the method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste according to claim 1 Is a method for recycling tropical plant waste or woody waste that is configured to be sprayed, immersed, or applied to soil as a liquid fertilizer .

The invention of claim 4 achieves the item 8) as a subject.

Claim 4 is an aqueous wood vinegar solution containing organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate produced by the method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste according to claim 1 Is a recycling method as a plantation of tropical plant waste or woody waste, which is characterized by being sprayed, immersed or applied to soil as liquid fertilizer .

The invention of claim 5 is achieved mainly with 5) and 6) .

Claim 5, claim tropical plant wastes according to 1, or a carbide generated in the processing method of the wood waste, and the fuel coal, tropical plant wastes configured to use as is, or wood This is a method for recycling carbide produced from waste .

The invention of claim 6 is accomplished mainly with 5) and 6).

Claim 6, tropical plant wastes according to claim 1, or a carbide generated in the processing method of the wood waste, and reduced charcoal, in order to use again, and the high temperature processing, low tar coal This is a method for recycling a carbide produced from a tropical plant waste or a woody waste .

The invention of claim 7 is achieved mainly with 5) and 6) .

Claim 7, tropical plant wastes according to claim 1, or a carbide generated in the processing method of the wood waste, and the adsorbent, in order to use, subjected to steam activation, and multi-porous activated carbon This is a method for recycling a carbide generated from a tropical plant waste or a woody waste .

The invention of claim 8 is achieved mainly by 1) to 9).

Claim 8 is a vinegar aqueous solution produced by the method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste according to claim 1, wherein one of the materials of slag, fly ash, or artificial zeolite is used. It is the recycling method of the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution produced | generated from the tropical plant waste used as the structure which adds one or more , or a wood type waste .

The invention of claim 1 includes palm palm shell (PKS), empty fruit bunch (EFB), pulp fiber, palm palm pruned branch, palm palm old tree (trunk), or Falkata shell, bark, bark Pruning branches, old Falkata trees, or eucalyptus, acacia, abragil, mangrove bark (bark), heartwood after obtaining wood chips , pruned branches, or empty bunches of bananas, pruned branches of bananas, banana leaves, banana leaves Waste from tropical plants consisting of old trees or pineapples, soy grass parts, or wood and wood waste from bark, steamed with a steam pot (in combination with a dryer), and then crushed and watered A steaming process to increase the efficiency of washing and drying;
Cutting (shearing) crushing process in which the steamed raw material is cut and crushed by a crusher to produce particle raw materials,
A granulation step of granulating the particle raw material into a predetermined size to produce a granulated raw material,
A drying step of drying the granulated raw material with a dryer and promoting gasification of the aqueous vinegar solution;
A high heat treatment step in which the dried granulated raw material is guided to a carbonization furnace, subjected to high heat treatment, and fractionated into a gas containing a carbide, tar and a vinegar aqueous solution (organic acid solution);
High-quality carbides with high-temperature carbides cooled by pyroligneous acid aqueous solution and removing potassium, sodium, magnesium and phosphorus adhering to the surface of the carbides, organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and A carbide generating step for obtaining an aqueous pyroligneous acid solution containing phosphate;
A separation process in which a gas containing tar is cooled and separated into a gas fuel, a pyroligneous acid aqueous solution, or a tar fuel;
It is the processing method of the tropical plant waste comprised by this , or a wood type waste .

  Therefore, the intentions 1) to 8) can be achieved.

Invention of Claim 2 in the processing method of the tropical plant waste of Claim 1 , or a wooden waste ,
In the drying process by the dryer, in order to suppress the load in the carbonization furnace, the method is a method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste that is configured to dry to a moisture content of 10% to 15% .

  Accordingly, the second aspect of the present invention can achieve the intention 4).

Invention of Claim 3 contains the organic acid potassium produced | generated in the processing method of the tropical plant waste of Claim 1 , or the woody waste , organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and a phosphate. This is a method for recycling tropical plant waste or woody waste in which a wood vinegar aqueous solution is applied as liquid fertilizer to soil, immersed, or applied.

Therefore, Claim 3 can achieve the intentions of the above 7) and 8) .

Invention of Claim 4 contains the organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate which were produced | generated in the processing method of the tropical plant waste of Claim 1 , or a wooden waste It is a recycling method as a plantation of tropical plant waste or woody waste, which is characterized by spraying, immersing or applying a wood vinegar aqueous solution as a liquid fertilizer to soil.

Accordingly, the fourth aspect of the invention can achieve the purpose of the above item 8) .

The invention of claim 5, claim tropical plant wastes according to 1, or a carbide generated in the processing method of the wood waste, and the fuel coal, tropical plant wastes configured to use as such, Or it is the recycling method of the carbide | carbonized_material produced | generated from the wooden waste .

Therefore, claim 5 can achieve the intentions of the above 5) and 6) .

Claim 6, tropical plant wastes according to claim 1, or a carbide generated in the processing method of the wood waste, and reduced charcoal, in order to use again, and the high temperature processing, low tar coal This is a method for recycling a carbide produced from a tropical plant waste or a woody waste .

Therefore, claim 6 can achieve the intentions of the above 5) and 6).

The invention of claim 7 is a multi-porous , steam-activated , in order to use the carbide generated in the method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste of claim 1 as an adsorbent. This is a method for recycling a carbide generated from a tropical plant waste or a wood-based waste configured as activated carbon .

Therefore, claim 7 can achieve the intentions of the above 5) and 6) .

The invention of claim 8 is directed to any one of the materials of slag, fly ash, or artificial zeolite in an aqueous vinegar solution produced by the method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste according to claim 1; Or it is the recycling method of the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution produced | generated from the tropical plant waste used as the structure which adds 2 or more , or a wooden waste .

Therefore, Claim 8 can achieve the intentions of 1) to 9).

Flow chart showing an example of a method for treating tropical plant waste Partial flowchart of FIG. 1 viewed from the A direction (viewed from A) Partial flowchart of FIG. 1 viewed from direction B (viewed B) Partial flowchart of FIG. 1 viewed from the D direction (viewed from D ) Partial flowchart of FIG. 1 viewed from the C direction (viewed from C ) Process diagram showing an example of tropical plant waste treatment method Flow chart showing an example of utilization of products (carbides) generated by a method for treating tropical plant waste A flowchart showing an example of a process for producing a carbide (woody fuel), which is a method for treating tropical plant waste Schematic diagram showing the tree and fruit of palm palm, a kind of raw material Schematic diagram showing the fruit of palm palm shown in FIG. Schematic diagram showing the empty fruit bunch of palm palm shown in FIG. Schematic of the problem showing the situation where empty fruit bunches are piled up A schematic diagram of the problem showing the situation where empty bunches were piled up and the problem occurred A method for treating tropical plant waste, which is an example of a CO2 and environment (tropical rainforest, plantation regeneration) countermeasure scheme, in which a process diagram showing liquefaction or solidification of a fertilizer Conceptual diagram showing an example of production of solidified fertilizer Conceptual diagram showing solidified fertilizer A conceptual diagram of an example of solidified fertilizer, granulated to simplify transportation and use

  In the figure, 1 is a raw material, and this raw material 1 is, for example, palm palm shell (PKS), empty fruit bunch (EFB), palm palm pruned branch, palm palm old tree, or Falkata shell, bark (bark) , Pruned branches of Falkata, old Falkata trees, or eucalyptus, acacia, abragil, mangrove bark (bark), etc. It is a waste of a tropical plant composed of leaves, an old tree of banana, or pineapple, and a soybean grass part, or a woody waste of wood fragments and bark. In this example, description will be made with palm palm as shown in FIG.

  In the figure, the raw material 1 is stored in the yard 2 and, as in the prior art, contamination of the soil is avoided instead of fielding. In particular, it is possible to avoid infiltration into the soil during the rainy season and to avoid the spread of soil contamination. And this raw material 1 has a steaming process of steaming with the steam kettle 3 (combination with a dryer). This steam steaming process is a process for improving the efficiency of the subsequent crushing, water washing and drying.

  Then, the steamed raw material 1a is preferably cut (sheared) into a length of about 100 mm by the crusher 5 to produce the particle raw material 100 (cut crushing step).

  The particle raw material 100 reaches a granulation step, and is granulated to a predetermined size by the granulator 6 to generate a granulated raw material 101 (granulation step). This granulated raw material 101 is sequentially conveyed to the next step by a conveying means 7 such as a conveyor or a screw.

  In the figure, 8 is a drying furnace of a drying process, and a heat source by high-temperature gas generated by fractional distillation from a carbonization furnace 12 described later is supplied to the drying furnace 8 via a flow path (pipe) 10. The heat source can be used efficiently. In the figure, 11 is a heat exchanger provided in the flow path 10. The heat exchanger 11 is also supplied with hot air from a hot air generator 30 that is started by a burner using tar 21 generated by an exhaust gas cooling device 31 described later as fuel.

  The dried granulated raw material 101a discharged from the drying furnace 8 is sent to the carbonization furnace 12 that performs the high heat treatment / carbide generation / separation process, which is the point of the present invention, using the conveying means 7. The inner wall of the carbonization furnace 12 is provided with a screw, and the dried granulated raw material 101a is fed from the inlet side to the outlet side with the speed adjusted in order of low speed or high speed. The carbonization furnace 12 is an external heating type, and employs, for example, a heated gas generation furnace 13 (burner, blower system), a tar (fuel) combustion system, or the like. In the heated gas generation furnace 13, a high-temperature gas is supplied to the carbonization furnace 12 using the flow path 1300. In that case, the tar 21 produced | generated with the exhaust gas cooling device 31 mentioned later can be used as a fuel. In addition, this tar combustion method is recycling and beneficial, and can contribute to reduction in combustion cost, effective use and simplification of equipment, labor saving in transportation, and the like. This carbonization furnace 12 is subjected to high heat treatment, and fractionated into a carbide 18 containing a wood vinegar aqueous solution 22 (organic acid solution) and a gas 23 containing a tar 21 and a wood vinegar aqueous solution 22. In the high heat treatment step of the drying furnace 8, thermal decomposition occurs at approximately 120 ° C. One of the characteristics of this high heat treatment step is that gasification of the aqueous vinegar solution 22 is generated during the pyrolysis, whereby the gasification can be promoted and gasification is generated at an early stage. By performing cell destruction (pyrolysis (incineration, carbonization) in this high heat treatment step, for example, alkali metals, group 2 compounds, phosphorus (phosphoric acid), etc. can be removed. Alkaline metals (sodium (Na), potassium (K), etc.), Group 2 (magnesium (Mg), calcium (Ca), etc.), phosphorus (phosphoric acid (phosphoric acid (H2PO4)) present in the grain raw material 101a ) Etc. are ionized in the intracellular fluid, so extraction by this thermal decomposition is effective.The removal of these can be done by osmotic pressure or the effect cannot be expected. As other methods, for example, biodegradation (rotation, fermentation), chemical decomposition (chemical melting) and the like are possible, but there are problems such as requiring time and processing space.

  Subsequently, the carbonized material 18 containing the aqueous vinegar solution 22 is sent to the screw feeder 26 (separator) provided obliquely through the flow path 25 and conveyed from below to above with the screw 2600 of the screw feeder 26. In the water-cooling, water and / or specific gravity separation, permeation, and the like, the organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium and phosphate containing vinegar aqueous solution 22 and carbide 20 Separate and store at each location. In addition, the carbide | carbonized_material 20 is stockpile or the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution 22 produced | generated in this process is cooled, potassium, sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus adhering to the surface are removed, and the high quality carbide | carbonized_material 20 is obtained. Is the best.

  As described above, the gas 23 containing the tar 21 is sent to the jacket 28 through the flow path 27, and a part of the gas 23 is used in the heat exchanger 11 as the gas 23 (tar gas) containing the tar 21. The rest is led to the exhaust gas cooling device 31 (tar cooler). Here, the specific gravity is separated into the tar 21 and the rare gas fuel 2300. The tar 21 can be used as a fuel for the heated gas generating furnace 13, and can also be used as another fuel. The noble gas fuel 2300 is guided to the cooler condenser 32 through the flow path 33 and further separated into the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution 22, and then the screw feeder 26 is passed through the respective flow paths (not labeled). Or it can be sent to a predetermined place, reused and recycled for each processing step, or can be used as a wood vinegar aqueous solution 22 in another place. Moreover, the clean water 34 is utilized as the screw feeder 26 or cooling water.

  In the figure, 35 indicates a filter.

  FIG. 3 is a process diagram showing an example of a method for treating tropical plant waste. The flow will be described in sequence. The raw material 1 is steamed in the steam kettle 3 in ST-1. Then, as in ST-2, the raw material 1a is crushed by the crusher 5 to become the particle raw material 100. This particle raw material 100 is converted into granulated particles 101 in the granulator 6 as in ST-3. The granulated particles 101 are dried granulated particles 101a in the drying furnace 8 as in ST-4. This dried granulated particle 101a is subjected to high heat treatment in the carbonization furnace 12, as in ST-5, and a gas containing a carbide 18 containing a wood vinegar aqueous solution 22, tar 21, and a wood vinegar aqueous solution 22 (organic acid solution). To 23. By this fractional distillation, the carbonized material 18 containing the wood vinegar aqueous solution 22 and the gas 23 containing the tar 21 and the wood vinegar aqueous solution 22 (organic acid solution) are classified. Thereafter, as in ST-6, in the exhaust gas cooling device 31, specific gravity separation is performed on the tar 21, the rare gas fuel 2300, and the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution 22 (see ST-7a to ST-7c). Moreover, the carbide | carbonized_material 18 containing the said wood vinegar aqueous solution 22 is sent to the screw feeder 26 like ST-8 * 9a * 9b, and the wood vinegar aqueous solution containing organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate is included. 22 and carbide 20. This route is the basic form. Then, if necessary, in the crusher 5, as in ST-10, in order to avoid the furnace wall failure, the removal of potassium is intended, and after the water washing and washing (water immersion type decalcification process) 37, this ST As in the case of -11, there may be a route in which the dehydrated particle raw material 100a is processed by the dehydrator 36 and led to the granulator 6.

  FIG. 4 is a flowchart showing an example of utilization of a product (carbide) generated by a method for treating tropical plant waste. For example, useful products generated from the raw material 1 are oil, chips and chemicals. Yes, the waste (raw material 1) that is the basis for the production of this useful product is as described above, and representative examples thereof are shown. The raw material 1 is used as the carbide 20, for example, as a fuel, a reducing agent, a deodorizing agent, a neutralizing agent, a soil improver, a fertilizer, or the like, according to the above-described steps and the flowchart shown in FIG. Alternatively, the rare gas fuel 2300, the tar 21 liquid fuel, the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution 22 (organic acid solution), or organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate as liquid fertilizer are deposited. And in the case of this product, for example, avoiding soil contamination due to waste piles, avoiding desertification due to poor potassium / alkali metallization, etc., and liquid fertilizer (same as the means for solving the problems described above) , Improved permeability, fertilization of soil, etc., useful as an insecticide and fungicide (preferably without neutralization, for example, effective for bacteria, fungi, nematodes), environmental maintenance It is intended to secure the government and improve the national interest and economy. Moreover, the time to apply this liquid fertilizer (same as the above-mentioned means for solving the problems) is the same as the conventional method, and the conventional custom can be secured, which is useful and useful.

  Furthermore, FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing an example of a production process of carbide (woody fuel), which is a method for treating tropical plant waste. Objective.

  FIG. 6A is a schematic diagram showing a palm palm tree and fruit, which is a kind of the raw material 1, FIG. 6B is a schematic diagram showing the palm palm fruit, and FIG. It is the schematic diagram which showed the empty fruit bunch of palm palm, and let the tree and fruit of these palm palm be tropical plant waste. FIG. 7 is a process diagram illustrating an example of the CO2 and environment (rainforest, plantation regeneration) countermeasure scheme, which is a method for treating tropical plant waste. In the figure, it is the situation which can provide the carbide 20 as a carburizing material with respect to an electric furnace manufacturer. In addition, the carbide 20 can be provided, for example, as fuel for bio power generation companies, paper manufacturing companies, cement companies, and the like. Furthermore, it is a situation where the carbide 20 can be provided as a substitute for coke, for example, to a steel company or a blast furnace company. As described above, tropical plant (biomass) waste can be used in various fields, but the most necessary and useful method is the avoidance of soil contamination due to the above-mentioned waste accumulation, etc. It is possible to avoid desertification due to poor potassium / alkali metallization, fertilize the soil, etc., and ensure the environmental maintenance, employment fields related to this, or national prosperity. In the drying process, it is shown that the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution 22 is produced by gasification, and the objective pyroligneous acid aqueous solution 22 is produced by cooling.

In addition, as mentioned above, precautions etc. for using the pyroligneous acid solution 22 produced by extracting and dissolving (neutralizing) alkali metals, Group 2 and phosphorus as organic fertilizers are as follows. Conceivable.
“A” Alkali metals, Group II, and phosphorus can be extracted and replaced with phosphoric acid by an aqueous wood vinegar solution (organic acid solution).
"I" Soil deterioration can be prevented by preventing the inflow of foreign substances (chemical fertilizer, etc.) from other areas.
"U" Of the three major elements of fertilizer (nitrogen, phosphate, potassium), it can supplement phosphate and potassium. (There is a possibility that it is not necessary to supplement nitrogen because the presence of nitrogen-fixing bacteria has been confirmed in palm palm plantations. Also, when agricultural guidance is required, such as promoting the growth of nitrogen-fixing bacteria by planting beans. Also occurs.
“E” When using acetate, the reason is that the land in Asia and the tropical areas that secure alkaline areas is generally acidic soil. Furthermore, in order to make acidic soil into an alkaline region, it is desirable to neutralize with charcoal, lime, etc., for example.

  FIGS. 8-1 to 8-3 show a preferable example of producing solidified fertilizer instead of liquid fertilizer. For example, as shown in FIG. A predetermined amount of an aqueous wood vinegar solution 22 is added to a predetermined amount of powdered slag, fly ash, or other material 41 contained in the container. And after several hours, the fertilizer 42 (solid fertilizer) solidified and solidified in the block shape is produced | generated. Although not shown in the drawings, a material 41 such as slag, fly ash or the like is transported by a trommel (cylindrical rotary feed device), and the wood vinegar aqueous solution 22 is dropped during the transport (depending on the rotational speed and feed time, the particle size is reduced). Can be defined). Further, although not shown, it is possible to make the particle size from the beginning by using a granulator, and the method is based on the example of the box 40.

  An example in which the solidified fertilizer 42 is stored and transported as it is, and the solidified fertilizer 42 is made to have a predetermined particle size by using the illustrated cylinder-driven crusher 45, or a centrifugal crusher or the like. To obtain a predetermined particle size fertilizer 42a. As described above, this solidification includes handling (easy storage and handling), avoiding its vulnerability (occurrence of acid poisons or alteration of fertilizer), ensuring long-term storage, and the like. Note that the solidification size of the solidified fertilizer 42 or the optimum particle size of granulation of the particle size fertilizer 42a needs to be properly used depending on the use conditions (location, rainfall, etc.), and is matched to the implementation situation.

  The embodiment described above shows a preferable example, and other tropical plant waste treatment methods having similar effects and features are within the scope of the present invention.

1 Raw material
1a Steamed raw material
100 Particle raw material
100a Dehydrated particle raw material
101 Granulation raw material
101a Dried granulated raw material
2 yards
3 Steam pot
5 Crusher
6 Granulator
7 Transport means
8 Drying furnace
10 Channel
11 Heat exchanger
12 Carbonization furnace
13 Heating gas generator
1300 flow path
18 Carbide containing an aqueous solution of wood vinegar
20 Carbide
21 tar
22 Wood vinegar aqueous solution
23 gas
2300 Noble gas fuel
25 flow path
26 Screw feeder
2600 screw
27 Flow path
28 jacket
30 Hot air generator
31 Exhaust gas cooling device
32 cooler condenser
33 Channel
34 Water supply
35 filters
36 Dehydrator
37 Water immersion
40 boxes
41 materials
42 Solidified fertilizer
42a Particle size fertilizer
45 Crusher

Claims (8)

Palm palm shell (PKS), empty fruit bunches (EFB), pulp fiber, palm palm pruned branch, palm palm old tree (trunk), or Falkata shell, bark, Falkata pruned branch, Falkata old tree Or eucalyptus, acacia, abragil, mangrove bark (bark), heartwood after wood chips , pruned branches, or empty bunches of bananas, pruned bananas, banana leaves, old banana trees, or pineapple, soy Waste from tropical plants made of grass, or wood waste from wood fragments and bark, steamed with a steam kettle (in combination with a dryer), and later crushed, submerged and washed and dried. Steaming process to raise,
A cutting (shearing) crushing step in which this steamed raw material is cut and crushed by a crusher to produce a particle raw material,
A granulation step of granulating this particle raw material into a predetermined size to generate a granulated raw material,
Drying the granulated raw material with a dryer and promoting gasification of the pyroligneous acid aqueous solution;
This dried granulated raw material is guided to a carbonization furnace, subjected to high heat treatment, and a high heat treatment step of fractionating into a carbide and a gas containing tar and a pyroligneous acid solution (organic acid solution),
This high-temperature carbide is cooled with a pyroligneous acid aqueous solution , and potassium, sodium, magnesium, and phosphorus are removed from the surface of the carbide, and high-grade carbide, organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, And the carbide | carbonized_material production | generation process of obtaining the wood vinegar aqueous solution containing a phosphate,
A separation step in which the gas containing tar is cooled and separated into gas fuel, a pyroligneous acid aqueous solution, or tar fuel;
A method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste composed of In the processing method of the tropical plant waste of Claim 1 , or a wooden waste ,
In the drying process by the dryer, in order to suppress the load in the carbonization furnace, a method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste configured to dry to a moisture content of 10% to 15% . The wood vinegar aqueous solution containing the organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate produced | generated in the processing method of the tropical plant waste of Claim 1 , or a wood type waste is used as a liquid fertilizer. A method for recycling tropical plant waste or woody waste that is configured to be sprayed, immersed, or applied to soil. The wood vinegar aqueous solution containing the organic acid potassium, organic acid sodium, organic acid magnesium, and phosphate produced | generated in the processing method of the tropical plant waste of Claim 1 , or a wood type waste is used as a liquid fertilizer. A recycling method as a plantation of tropical plant waste or woody waste having a structure characterized by being sprayed, immersed or applied to soil. Produced from Claim tropical plant wastes according to 1, or a carbide generated in the processing method of the wood waste, and the fuel coal, tropical plant waste was configured to use as is, or wood waste To recycle carbonized carbide . The carbide produced in the method for treating tropical plant waste or woody waste according to claim 1 is used as reduced charcoal, so that it is treated again at high temperature and used as low tar charcoal . A method for recycling carbide produced from tropical plant waste or woody waste . Tropical tropical plant wastes according to claim 1, or a carbide generated in the processing method of the wood waste, and the adsorbent, in order to utilize, which performs steam activation was configured to multi-porous activated carbon A method for recycling carbide generated from plant waste or wood waste . Tropical plant wastes according to claim 1, or wood vinegar solution generated in the process method of the wood waste is added slag, fly ash, or any one material of synthetic zeolites, or two or more A method for recycling an aqueous pyroligneous acid solution produced from a structured tropical plant waste or woody waste .