JP2018048280A - Production method of fuel biomass, production apparatus of fuel biomass and boiler equipment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a production method of fuel biomass that can remove an ash component composed mainly of an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal and microorganisms in raw material biomass efficiently with low energy and can produce fuel biomass having a low water content and a high calorific value with moisture resistance and antiseptic properties, to provide a production apparatus of fuel biomass and to provide boiler equipment that realizes reduction in operation cost of a boiler, reduction in equipment cost and improvement of combustion efficiency by using the fuel biomass.SOLUTION: The production method of fuel biomass includes a pretreatment step (steps S1 to S4) of hermetically sealing raw material biomass, indirectly heating the same and subjecting the raw material biomass to steam blasting with water contained in the raw material biomass to produce pulverized biomass, a slurrying step (steps S5 to S9) of washing the pulverized biomass with water to produce slurry biomass and a filtration step (step S10) of filtering the slurry biomass to produce solid biomass.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 4

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing fuel biomass, a fuel biomass production apparatus, and a boiler apparatus.

In Patent Document 1, raw material biomass is housed in a container, steam is introduced and softened by steam treatment, ash such as alkali and alkaline earth metal is removed by washing, and then filtered to dehydrate and pelletize. A method for producing fuel biomass is disclosed.
For wood solid fuel (white pellets) and agricultural waste solid fuel, the raw biomass is dried until the water content is about 10 wt% to 15 wt%, pulverized with a mechanical mill, and then compressed with a pellet mill. Manufacturing methods are generally known.

JP-T-2006-506993

  By the way, biomass formed from raw material biomass of organic waste such as agricultural waste or food waste is ash mainly composed of alkali metals (Na, K, etc.) and alkaline earth metals (Ca, etc.). And a lot of microorganisms. Even if such biomass is dried and pelletized, it absorbs moisture in the air during storage due to the hygroscopicity of the contained ash, reducing the calorific value (calorie) during combustion of the biomass . In addition, such biomass tends to be spoiled by microorganisms during storage.

  Therefore, as described in Patent Document 1, it is conceivable to remove ash and microorganisms contained in biomass by washing with water. However, a large amount of water (for example, about 20 to 50 times the weight of biomass) is required to wash low-density biomass containing a large amount of water by steam treatment, and a large amount of waste water is generated after washing. End up.

In general, it is possible to shorten the washing time by washing the biomass with warm water instead of simply washing it with water. However, when washing biomass with warm water, it is necessary to heat a large amount of water to, for example, about 80 ° C., and thus a large amount of energy may be consumed to prepare the warm water.
Moreover, even if washing with water or warm water is performed, most of the microorganisms in the biomass cannot be removed and still remain in the biomass. For this reason, it is difficult to suppress the progress of decay of biomass during storage.

  This invention is made | formed in view of such a subject, The place made into the objective is efficiently using the ash and microorganisms which have an alkali metal and alkaline-earth metal as a main component in raw material biomass with little energy. A fuel biomass production method, a fuel biomass production apparatus, and a boiler using the fuel biomass can be removed and can produce a high-heat-volume fuel biomass with low moisture and moisture resistance. It is providing the boiler apparatus which can implement | achieve reduction of an operating cost, equipment cost reduction, and combustion efficiency improvement.

  In order to achieve the above object, the fuel biomass production method of the present invention is a pretreatment in which the raw material biomass is sealed and indirectly heated, and the raw material biomass is steam-expanded with moisture contained in the raw material biomass to produce finely divided biomass A slurrying step of washing the micronized biomass with water to produce slurry biomass, and a filtration step of filtering the slurry biomass to produce solid biomass.

  In addition, the fuel biomass production apparatus of the present invention includes a blasting machine that seals and indirectly heats the raw material biomass, steam blasts the raw material biomass with moisture contained in the raw material biomass, and generates pulverized biomass, and a pulverized biomass. A crusher is provided with a slurry tank that produces slurry biomass by washing with water, and a filtration unit that produces solid biomass by filtering the slurry biomass. Heating means.

  Moreover, the boiler apparatus of the present invention is a boiler apparatus including the fuel biomass production apparatus described above, and includes a boiler that burns solid biomass to generate water vapor, and a steam turbine that is rotated by the water vapor generated in the boiler. The external heating means includes a steam channel provided on the outer periphery of the container, a channel through which steam generated by the boiler or steam after rotating the steam turbine flows, and a steam channel branched from the channel. A supply path for supplying the water vapor of the flow path to the water vapor flow path, and a return path connected to the water vapor flow path to join the flow path and return the water vapor flowing through the water vapor flow path to the flow path.

According to the fuel biomass production method and fuel biomass production apparatus of the present invention, it is possible to efficiently remove ash and microorganisms mainly composed of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals in raw material biomass with less energy. In addition, it is possible to produce a high-calorie fuel biomass with low moisture and moisture resistance and corrosion resistance.
Moreover, according to the boiler apparatus of this invention, the operating cost reduction of a boiler, equipment cost reduction, and combustion efficiency improvement are realizable by using the said fuel biomass.

It is a lineblock diagram showing the boiler device concerning one embodiment of the present invention. It is a block diagram which shows the fuel biomass manufacturing apparatus which concerns on one Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing which looked at the shell and each tube from the arrow direction of the AA cross section of FIG. It is the flowchart explaining the manufacturing process of the fuel biomass which a control unit performs. It is the graph which compared the fuel biomass manufactured with the fuel biomass manufacturing apparatus with other biomass by the generation amount of hydrogen gas with progress of storage days.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the boiler apparatus 1 of this embodiment is provided with the coal fired boiler (boiler) 2, and is installed in a thermal power plant etc. As shown in FIG. The coal fired boiler 2 is, for example, a pulverized coal boiler (PC boiler), and includes a furnace 2a, a superheater 2b as a rear heat transfer unit, a reheater 2c, and a charcoal saving unit 2d. Yes. In the exhaust gas treatment flue 3 from the charcoal saving part 2d to the chimney P, a denitration part 4, an air heater 5, a dust collector 6, an induction fan 7, a heat exchanger 8, a desulfurization part 9, and a push-in fan 10 are sequentially arranged. Has been.

  The air heater 5 includes a pushing fan 11, warms the external air introduced by the pushing fan 11 with the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the denitration unit 4, and sends it as combustion air to the burner unit 2 e of the coal burning boiler 2. The heat exchanger 8 exchanges heat between the exhaust gas that has been guided by the induction fan 7 and passed through the dust collector 6, and the exhaust gas that has been introduced by the pushing fan 10 and passed through the desulfurization unit 9. The exhaust gas that has passed through the heat exchanger 8 is discharged from the chimney P.

  The coal-fired boiler 2 is supplied with pulverized coal fuel obtained by pulverizing coal C with a mechanical mill (pulverizer) 20. This pulverized coal fuel is introduced into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner portion 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the pushing fan 11 and burned.

  Steam generated by the combustion of pulverized coal fuel in the coal-fired boiler 2 of the boiler device 1 is sent from the superheater 2b to the high-pressure turbine (steam turbine) 22 through the pipe 21 to rotate the high-pressure turbine 22. The steam provided for work of the high-pressure turbine 22 is returned to the reheater 2c through the pipe (flow path) 23 and heated again. The reheated steam is sent to a medium / low pressure turbine (steam turbine) 25 through a pipe 24, supplied to work of the medium / low pressure turbine 25, and then passed through a pipe 26 and a condenser 27. Returned to coal-fired boiler 2.

  In addition, the boiler apparatus 1 pulverizes the raw material biomass B by steam explosion (steaming explosion) to produce pulverized biomass, which is washed with water and further filtered to produce solid biomass as fuel biomass. A biomass production apparatus 30 is provided. The raw material biomass B is a wet biomass that is cut to a size of, for example, 1 cm to 3 cm and has a water content of 40 wt% to 80 wt%, and is also an organic waste system such as derived from agricultural waste or food waste Biomass is rich in ash and microorganisms mainly composed of alkali metals (Na, K, etc.) and alkaline earth metals (Ca, etc.).

As shown in FIG. 2, the fuel biomass production apparatus 30 includes a blasting machine 31, a slurry tank 50, a filter 60, a dryer 70, and a granulator 80.
The blasting device 31 has a shell (external heating means, water vapor channel) 32 to which water vapor is supplied, and a plurality of tubes (containers) 34 extending in the vertical direction in the shell 32.
As shown in FIG. 3, for example, 24 tubes 34 are arranged in the shell 32 of the explosive device 31 in the radial direction of the body portion 32 a of the shell 32 so as to be spaced apart from each other. 36 is formed.

  As shown in FIG. 2, in the blasting machine 31, a feeder 38 is disposed on the upper side of the heat exchange unit 36. The feeder 38 is connected to the inlet side of each tube 34 and supplies the raw material biomass B into each tube 34. Specifically, the feeder 38 includes a hopper 38a into which the raw material biomass B is charged, and a conveyance path 38b that conveys the raw material biomass B flowing down from the hopper 38a by its own weight toward the inlet of each tube 34. In addition, a conveyance path 47 connected to the slurry tank 50 is provided in the lower part of the fuel biomass production apparatus 30.

  The shell 32 is a sealed container formed of a cylindrical body portion 32a, and an upper wall 32b and a lower wall 32c that seal the top and bottom of the body portion 32a. The body portion 32a is formed with a water vapor inlet portion 32d and an outlet portion 32e. For example, the inlet portion 32d is positioned near the upper wall 32b of the trunk portion 32a, and the outlet portion 32e is positioned near the lower wall 32c of the trunk portion 32a. A branch pipe (supply path) 28 that branches from the pipe 23 is connected to the inlet portion 32d.

  A part of the steam (reheated steam) of 200 ° C. to 300 ° C. that is returned to the reheater 2c of the coal fired boiler 2 after rotating the high-pressure turbine 22 is supplied to the shell 32 from the inlet 32d through the branch pipe 28. Is done. A junction pipe (return path) 29 that joins the pipe 23 is connected to the outlet 32e on the downstream side of the branch point of the branch pipe 28 in the pipe 23. The water vapor that flows through the shell 32 and is supplied into the tubes 34 and indirectly heats the raw material biomass B is returned to the pipe 23 via the junction pipe 29 and reused in the coal-fired boiler 2. That is, steam generated in the coal-fired boiler 2 is circulated in the shell 32.

  An upper inclined pipe portion 34 a that is inclined toward the center in the radial direction of the body portion 32 a is formed in the upper portion of each tube 34 in the shell 32. In addition, a lower inclined pipe portion 34b that is inclined toward the radial center of the trunk portion 32a is formed in the lower portion of each tube 34 in the shell 32. A branch pipe 44 is provided between the upper inclined pipe portion 34 a of each tube 34 and the transport path 38 b of the feeder 38.

  The branch pipe 44 is connected to an inlet of each tube 34 formed at the upper end of each upper inclined pipe portion 34a. The upper part of the branch pipe 44 protrudes upward from the upper wall 32b of the shell 32 while maintaining the airtightness in the shell 32. One inlet valve 40 is interposed in a portion of the branch pipe 44 that protrudes upward from the upper wall 32 b of the shell 32. That is, each tube 34 communicates with the hopper 38a via the branch pipe 44, the inlet valve 40, and the conveyance path 38b.

  On the other hand, a merging pipe 46 is provided between the lower inclined pipe portion 34 b of each tube 34 and the conveyance path 47 reaching the slurry tank 50. The junction pipe 46 is connected to the outlet of each tube 34 formed at the lower end of the lower inclined pipe portion 34b. Further, the lower part of the joining pipe 46 projects downward from the lower wall 32c of the shell 32 while maintaining the airtightness in the shell 32. One outlet valve 42 is interposed in a portion of the joining pipe 46 that protrudes downward from the lower wall 32 c of the shell 32.

That is, each tube 34 communicates with the slurry tank 50 via the junction pipe 46, the outlet valve 42, and the conveyance path 47. In the case shown in FIG. 2, the raw material biomass B supplied from the feeder 38 is dammed in the middle of the branch pipe 44 by the closed inlet valve 40.
Here, the inclination angle of each upper inclined pipe portion 34a and each lower inclined pipe portion 34b with respect to the vertical direction is the largest angle of each tube 34 located in the vicinity of the trunk portion 32a of the shell 32, and the shell 32 The angle of each tube 34 located at the radial center of the body portion 32a is the smallest.

  The inclination angles of the upper and lower inclined pipe portions 34a and 34b are such that the raw material biomass B supplied to each tube 34 from the feeder 38 side and the raw material biomass B sent from each tube 34 to the slurry tank 50 are under their own weight. The angle is set so that it can flow smoothly. Thus, by opening the inlet valve 40 from the state of FIG. 2, the raw material biomass B that has been dammed up by the branch pipe 44 is smoothly transferred from the branch pipe 44 to each tube 34 via each upper inclined pipe portion 34a. The outlet valve 42 is flowed down and closed, and is blocked in the middle of the joining pipe 46 and filled in each tube 34 at a high filling rate.

  On the other hand, the slurry tank 50 is a water washing / stirring container formed of a cylindrical barrel portion 50a and an upper wall 50b and a lower wall 50c that respectively cover the upper and lower sides of the barrel portion 50a. A water supply unit 51 and a stirrer 52 are attached to the upper wall 50 b of the slurry tank 50. For example, two water supply units 51 are provided, and unheated water can be sprayed into the slurry tank 50 from a water source (not shown).

  The stirrer 52 includes a stirring shaft 52a rotatably supported on the upper wall 50b, and a stirring blade 52b attached to the lower end of the stirring shaft 52a, and stirs water and finely pulverized biomass supplied into the slurry tank 50. To produce slurry biomass. Further, the upper wall 50b of the slurry tank 50 is provided with an exhaust port 53 serving as an outlet for water vapor after steam explosion in the blasting machine 31.

  The slurry tank 50 is connected to the trunk portion 50a with a conveyance path 47 of the blasting machine 31, and to the lower wall 50c with a conveyance path 54 leading to the filter 60. An outlet valve 55 is interposed in the transport path 54. Further, the filter 60 to the dryer 70, the dryer 70 to the granulator 80, and the granulator 80 to the furnace 2a are connected by conveyance paths 90, 91, and 92, respectively.

  The filter 60 filters the slurry biomass produced in the slurry tank 50 by a filtration method such as vacuum filtration or compression filtration (for example, belt press dewatering method) to remove moisture, thereby producing solid biomass. The filtered water contains ash contained in the slurry biomass and microorganisms destroyed by high-temperature steam by steam explosion in the blasting machine 31, and a solid from which most of the ash and microorganisms are separated and removed along with the removal of moisture. Biomass is produced.

The dryer 70 dries the solid biomass produced by the filter 60 with hot air or the like.
The granulator 80 is a so-called pellet mill, and pelletizes the solid biomass dried by the dryer 70 by extrusion or the like.

  The fuel biomass production apparatus 30 includes a control unit 48 that controls the entire fuel biomass production apparatus 30. In the control unit 48, as indicated by broken lines in FIG. 2, the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 of the blasting machine 31, the outlet valve 55 of the slurry tank 50, the water supply unit 51, the stirrer 52, the filter 60, and the drying The operation parts (not shown) of the machine 70 and the granulator 80 are electrically connected.

  Hereinafter, with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. 4, the manufacturing process of the fuel biomass performed by the instruction | command of the control unit 48 is demonstrated. In FIG. 4, the inlet valve 40 of the blasting machine 31 is described as V1in, the outlet valve 42 is described as V1out, and the outlet valve 55 of the slurry tank 50 is described as V2out.

When the production of fuel biomass is started, in step S1, the control unit 48 opens the inlet valve 40 and closes the outlet valve 42. As a result, the raw material biomass B in the state of FIG. 2 that has been blocked by the inlet valve 40 is collectively supplied into each of the 24 tubes 34, and the raw material until the filling rate set in advance in each tube 34 is reached. Biomass B is filled.
Next, in step S2, the inlet valve 40 (V1in) is closed, and the raw material biomass B is sealed in each tube 34.

  Then, the raw material biomass B in each tube 34 is indirectly heated in a sealed state by the steam circulating in the shell 32. Here, it is desirable to heat the raw material biomass B in the range of 180 ° C. to 230 ° C. by adjusting the flow rate of the steam supplied into the shell 32 through the branch pipe 28. Then, the raw material biomass B held in a sealed state in each tube 34 gradually evaporates its own moisture, and each tube 34 is filled with steam and pressurized, and the raw material biomass B is contained in the tube 34. And steamed only with the water contained in the raw material biomass B.

  Next, in step S3, it is determined whether or not a necessary holding time t1 has elapsed since the inlet valve 40 was closed. This holding time t1 is desirably in the range of 1 to 30 minutes as a suitable cooking time in which unintended decomposition of the raw material biomass B does not occur. If the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that steaming that allows suitable steaming and explosion is performed sufficiently in each tube 34, and the process proceeds to the next step S4. On the other hand, in a case where the determination result is No (false), it is determined that steaming that allows suitable steaming and explosion in each tube 34 is not sufficiently performed, and the steaming is continued in step S3.

  In step S4, the outlet valve 42 (V1out) is opened. Thereby, the pressure in each tube 34 is instantaneously released, the inside of each tube 34 is rapidly depressurized, and pulverized biomass pulverized by steaming explosion is ejected from the outlet valve 42 and generated. The generated pulverized biomass passes through the conveyance path 47 and is sent to the slurry tank 50.

  By the above steps S1 to S4, the raw material biomass B is indirectly heated at 180 ° C. to 230 ° C. and held for 1 to 30 minutes, and then the sealing pressure of each tube 34 is released to generate pulverized biomass. (Steam explosion process). The pulverized biomass is generated by steam explosion of the raw material biomass B using only the water contained in the raw material biomass B without introducing water vapor or water into the raw material biomass B.

  Moreover, when the raw material biomass B is steam-exploded, the cells of the raw material biomass B are destroyed from the inside of the cells by the high-temperature steam generated by the water contained in the raw material biomass B, and alkali metals and alkaline earths present in the cells are destroyed. Ash containing metal as a main component is exposed outside the cell. Moreover, many microorganisms contained in the raw material biomass B are destroyed by high-temperature steam. Thus, the pretreatment process related to the production of fuel biomass is completed, and the process proceeds from the raw material biomass B to the next step S5.

In step S5, the water supply unit 51 is operated to start watering into the slurry tank 50 (water supply process), and the process proceeds to the next step S6.
In step S <b> 6, it is determined whether or not the amount of water necessary for suitably pulverizing the pulverized biomass is secured in the slurry tank 50.

  The amount of water supplied to the slurry tank 50 is preferably in the range of 2 to 10 times the weight of the pulverized biomass sent to the slurry tank 50. If the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that the amount of water in the slurry tank 50 has been secured, the operation of the water supply unit 51 is stopped, and the process proceeds to the next step S7. On the other hand, when the determination result is No (false), it is determined that the amount of water in the slurry tank 50 is still insufficient, and the water supply from the water supply unit 51 is continued in step S6.

In step S7, the stirrer 52 is operated to start stirring of the pulverized biomass immersed in water in the slurry tank 50 (stirring process), and the process proceeds to the next step S8.
In step S8, it is determined whether or not the necessary stirring time t2 has elapsed since the start of the operation of the stirrer 52. This agitation time t2 is a washing time in which the ash exposed to the outside of the pulverized biomass by the steam explosion mentioned above and the microorganisms that have been destroyed are suitably separated from the pulverized biomass and can be transferred to the moisture in the slurry biomass. The range of 15 minutes to 1 hour is desirable.

  When the determination result is Yes (true), it is determined that the pulverized biomass has been sufficiently washed, and the process proceeds to the next step S9. On the other hand, when the determination result is No (false), it is determined that the washing of the pulverized biomass is still insufficient, and the operation of the stirrer 52 is continued in step S7.

In step S9, the outlet valve 55 (V2out) of the slurry tank 50 is opened. Thereby, the slurry biomass produced | generated by the slurry tank 50 passes along the conveyance path 54, and is sent to the filter 60. FIG.
Through steps S <b> 5 to S <b> 9, slurry biomass in which ash and microorganisms are separated into water by washing fine powdered biomass is sent to the filter 60. From this, the slurrying process which concerns on the production | generation of fuel biomass is complete | finished, and it transfers to the following step S10.

  In step S10, the filter 60 is operated to filter and separate the ash contained in the slurry biomass and the microorganisms after the destruction, thereby generating solid biomass that is removed together with moisture. The produced solid biomass passes through the conveyance path 90 and is sent to the dryer 70. From this, the filtration process which concerns on the production | generation of fuel biomass is complete | finished, and it transfers to the following step S11.

  In step S11, the dryer 70 is operated to dry the solid biomass. The dried solid biomass passes through the conveyance path 91 and is sent to the granulator 80. From this, the drying process which concerns on the production | generation of fuel biomass is complete | finished, and it transfers to the following step S12.

  In step S12, the granulator 80 is operated to granulate and pelletize the solid biomass. From this, the granulation process which concerns on the production | generation of fuel biomass is complete | finished, and the manufacturing process of fuel biomass is complete | finished.

  The pelletized solid biomass passes through the conveyance path 92 and is injected as fuel biomass into the furnace 2a of the coal-fired boiler 2 through the burner section 2e together with the combustion air introduced by the pushing fan 11, and is pulverized by the mill 20 It is burned with the pulverized coal fuel.

<Example>
Hereinafter, the fuel biomass manufacturing method of this embodiment was applied, and fuel biomass was manufactured by the following raw material biomass and the manufacturing process.
・ Raw biomass: Palm palm (EFB)
Production process: 200 g of EFB fiber (water content: 75 wt%, ash content: 4.2 wt% (anhydrous base)) cut to 1 to 2 cm as raw material biomass is housed in a 900 ml sealed container, and the sealed container is 210 ° C. And heated indirectly for 10 minutes.

  Thereafter, the pressure in the sealed container was released to produce pulverized EFB. Then, the produced pulverized EFB is sent to the slurry rank, and water at 25 ° C. to 30 ° C. that is 10 times the weight of the pulverized EFB is supplied into the slurry tank, and stirred for 30 minutes to produce an EBF slurry. did. And this EBF slurry was filtered, solid EFB was produced | generated, and this solid EFB was dried. In this example, the dried solid EFB is not pelletized.

The EFB obtained in the above manufacturing process had the following characteristics.
-Water content: <5 wt% (sample base)
・ Ash content: 1.6wt% (anhydrous sample base)
-Cl content: <0.005 wt% (anhydrous sample base)
-K and Na content (oxide): <0.1 wt% (anhydrous sample base)
Ca content (oxide): <0.2 wt% (anhydrous sample base)
As described above, it was found that the EFB produced in this example had an ash content of 60% or more removed by washing with an amount of water that was 10 times that of micronized EFB.

FIG. 3 shows storage when the above-mentioned EFB manufactured in this example (Example 1) and other EFBs (Comparative Examples 1 to 3 below) are put in the same amount in glass tubes and stored at 30 ° C. It is the graph which compared the generation amount of hydrogen gas with progress of days.
-Raw material EFB not subjected to any treatment (Comparative Example 1)
・ Flushing EFB (Comparative Example 2) in which raw material EFB is washed only with water
-Warm-washed EFB (comparative example 3) in which raw material EFB was washed only with warm water

As apparent from FIG. 3, the following results were found.
Example 1: EFB does not generate any hydrogen even after 13 days from the start of storage, and EFB has not decayed.
Comparative Example 1: EFB begins to generate hydrogen immediately after the start of storage, and the amount of hydrogen generated increases to about 5 vol% on the third day of storage, and then continues to generate 5 vol% or more of hydrogen every day. Is progressing significantly.

Comparative Example 2: EFB begins to generate hydrogen immediately after the start of storage, and the hydrogen generation amount increases to about 3 vol% on the third storage day, and the hydrogen generation amount decreases on the seventh day after storage. The generation of hydrogen continues, and EFB decays.
Comparative Example 3: EFB did not generate any hydrogen even after 7 days from the start of storage, but thereafter the hydrogen generation amount gradually increased, and on the 13th day of storage, about 1 vol% of hydrogen was generated. The corruption of EFB is gradually progressing.

Thus, it was found that the EFB produced in Example 1 did not generate hydrogen even after at least 13 days, and many microorganisms contained in the EFB were destroyed.
In addition, in the case of Example 1, compared with the case where solid EFB was formed by carrying out the slurrying process, the filtration process, and the drying process after steam was directly introduced and steam exploded, the heating time (retained) Time) tends to be longer. Therefore, in the case of Example 1, the contact time between EFB and water vapor can be made longer than in the case where conventional steam is directly introduced and steam explosion is performed, and EFB is sterilized more effectively. be able to.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, in the pretreatment step, the raw material biomass B as the raw material is sealed and heated indirectly in the tube 34, and the raw material biomass B is steam-exploded with the moisture contained in the raw material biomass B. To produce micronized biomass. Thereby, the cell of the raw material biomass B can be destroyed from the inside with the high temperature steam generated by the expansion of the water contained in the raw material biomass B. Therefore, as compared with the case where the raw material biomass B is explosively heated by heating with water vapor directly introduced into the raw material biomass B, the microorganisms of the raw material biomass B can be more efficiently destroyed and sterilized. The ash mainly composed of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals present in the cells can be exposed outside the cells and efficiently removed by washing with water in the slurrying step.

  Moreover, since the pulverized biomass produced | generated at the pre-processing process is produced | generated by steam explosion with an own water content, it will be in a high-density state with little moisture, even if it does not dry. Thereby, the amount of water required for the slurrying step can be greatly reduced, and the waste water after washing the pulverized biomass can also be greatly reduced. Therefore, it is possible to remove ash and microorganisms in fuel biomass efficiently with less energy and with less washing water while reducing the environmental load. It is possible to produce high-heat-volume fuel biomass with low moisture content.

Specifically, in order to obtain the fuel biomass of the present embodiment, it is preferable that the raw material biomass is moisture biomass having a water content of 40 wt% to 80 wt%.
Moreover, in the steam explosion process of a pre-processing process, it is preferable to open | release sealing pressure, after hold | maintaining raw material biomass at 180 to 230 degreeC indirectly for 1 to 30 minutes.

  Further, in the water supply process of the slurrying step, specifically, it is only necessary to supply water that is twice to 10 times the weight of the pulverized biomass. For this reason, the amount of water required for the slurrying step can be greatly reduced, and the waste water after washing the pulverized biomass can also be greatly reduced. Moreover, since it is not necessary to heat water and wash with warm water, it is possible to reduce the equipment and energy consumption required for heating water.

Moreover, in the stirring process of a slurrying process, it is preferable to produce | generate slurry biomass by stirring the pulverized biomass immersed in water for 15 minutes-1 hour after a water supply process.
Further, in the fuel biomass production apparatus 30, the pulverized biomass generated in the pretreatment step is in a high density state with little moisture even if it is not dried, and as a result, ash and microorganisms in the fuel biomass can be removed with little washing water. it can. Thereby, the drying process of the pulverized biomass in the pretreatment process becomes unnecessary, and pretreatment equipment such as a dryer is not necessary, and energy consumption required for the pretreatment can be reduced.

  Further, since the steam introduced into the shell 32 does not come into contact with the raw material biomass B, this steam can be returned to the pipe 23 and reused as it is as the reheated steam of the coal-fired boiler 2. This eliminates the need for post-treatment such as neutralization, separation, and wastewater treatment of condensed water generated by steam explosion, thus eliminating the need for post-treatment equipment for condensed water and reducing energy consumption required for the post-treatment. be able to.

  Thus, in the boiler apparatus 1 provided with the fuel biomass production apparatus 30 of the present embodiment, the energy consumption of the high-calorie boiler is reduced while reducing the operating cost and the equipment cost of the coal-fired boiler 2 with much less energy than conventional. Fuel biomass can be generated, and the combustion efficiency of the coal-fired boiler 2 can be improved by charging the fuel biomass into the furnace 2a and burning it.

Although the description of the embodiments of the present invention has been completed above, the present invention is not limited to these, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
For example, in the said embodiment, the manufacturing process of the fuel biomass by the fuel biomass manufacturing apparatus 30 is a pre-processing process (step S1-S4), a slurrying process (step S5-S9), a filtration process (step S10), and a drying process ( Step S11) and a granulation step (Step S12). However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the granulation step (step S12) may not be performed and the drying step (step S11) may not be performed as in the case of the embodiment. Moreover, you may perform a granulation process (step S12) without passing through a drying process (step S11) after a filtration process (step S10).

  Moreover, the heat exchange part 36 of the blasting machine 31 is not limited to the shell and tube structure described above. Specifically, the inlet and outlet valves 40 and 42 are provided for each tube 34, each tube 34 is divided and controlled into a plurality of tube groups, and steam explosion is performed step by step for each of these tube groups. good.

  Moreover, you may form the heat exchange part 36 from the container with a jacket which is not shown in figure for sealing and accommodating the raw material biomass B instead of a shell & tube structure. In this case, the container corresponds to the tube 34 of the above-described embodiment, and the jacket corresponds to the shell 32 of the above-described embodiment as a water vapor channel. This jacket is an external heating means that is provided on the outer periphery of the container and is similar to the shell 32 that heats the container from the outside by introducing water vapor. For example, a branch pipe 28 branched from the pipe 23 is connected to the jacket, a part of the reheated steam of the coal-fired boiler 2 is introduced, and a merging pipe 29 is connected to flow through the jacket and the raw material in the container The steam used for heating the biomass B is returned to the pipe 23 via the junction pipe 29 and reused.

  Further, the fuel biomass production apparatus 30 may include a receiving unit that receives the pulverized biomass generated in the tube 34. In this case, since the pulverized biomass produced by the fuel biomass production apparatus 30 is not directly put into the furnace 2a and combusted, but can be temporarily stored in the receiving unit, the operation of the fuel biomass production apparatus 30 is free. The degree can be increased.

  Moreover, in each said embodiment, the case where micronized biomass was produced | generated only with the moisture content of the raw material biomass B by performing the steam explosion by the fuel biomass manufacturing apparatus 30 with which the boiler apparatus 1 is provided was demonstrated. In this case, a part of reheat steam (steam returning to the reheater 2c after rotating the high-pressure turbine 22) out of the high temperature steam generated in the coal fired boiler 2 is used as a heating source for the tube 34. doing.

  Thereby, the raw material biomass B can be pulverized with little energy without requiring new power consumption. However, the present invention is not limited thereto, and the steam after being used for the work of the medium / low pressure turbine 25 may be used as the heating source, or the steam generated in the coal fired boiler 2 may be directly used. The exhaust gas generated in the coal fired boiler 2 may be used after being reheated with steam.

Moreover, the fuel biomass manufacturing apparatus 30 may be provided in other apparatuses and facilities other than the boiler apparatus 1, and each tube 34 and a container may be indirectly heated with steam, and micronized biomass may be produced | generated.
Moreover, you may use external heating means other than a vapor | steam as the heating source which heats each tube 34 and a container indirectly. Specifically, the external heating means may be an electric heater or a high-frequency heating device.

  In addition, the raw material biomass of the fuel biomass produced in the present invention may be any wet biomass containing a large amount of moisture, ash, and microorganisms, and is limited to organic waste biomass such as agricultural waste or food waste. Not.

1 Boiler device 2 Coal-fired boiler (boiler)
21, 23, 24, 26 Piping (flow path)
22 High-pressure turbine (steam turbine)
25 Medium / low pressure turbine (steam turbine)
28 Branch piping (supply channel)
29 Junction piping (return path)
30 Fuel Biomass Production Equipment 31 Blaster 32 Shell (External Heating Means, Steam Flow Path)
34 Tube (container)
50 Slurry tank 60 Filter 70 Dryer 80 Granulator B Raw material biomass

Claims (10)

A pre-treatment step of sealing and indirectly heating the raw material biomass, steam-exploding the raw material biomass with moisture contained in the raw material biomass, and generating pulverized biomass;
A slurrying step for producing slurry biomass by washing the micronized biomass;
A method for producing fuel biomass, comprising: filtering the slurry biomass to produce solid biomass.   The method for producing fuel biomass according to claim 1, wherein the moisture content of the raw material biomass is 40 wt% to 80 wt%.   The pretreatment step includes a steam explosion process for releasing the sealing pressure after holding the raw material biomass indirectly at 180 ° C to 230 ° C for 1 minute to 30 minutes. A method for producing fuel biomass.   The said slurrying process is a manufacturing method of the fuel biomass as described in any one of Claim 1 to 3 including the water supply process which supplies 2 times-10 times the water of the said micronized biomass by weight ratio.   The fuel biomass according to claim 4, wherein the slurrying step includes an agitation process in which, after the water supply process, the micronized biomass immersed in water is agitated for 15 minutes to 1 hour to generate the slurry biomass. Manufacturing method.   The method for producing fuel biomass according to any one of claims 1 to 5, further comprising a drying step of drying the solid biomass after the filtering step.   The manufacturing method of the fuel biomass as described in any one of Claim 1 to 6 further including the granulation process which granulates the said solid biomass and pelletizes after the said filtration process.   The method for producing fuel biomass according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the raw material biomass is organic waste biomass. A blasting machine that seals the raw material biomass and indirectly heats it, and steam blasts the raw material biomass with moisture contained in the raw material biomass to produce pulverized biomass,
A slurry tank for washing the micronized biomass to produce slurry biomass;
A filter that filters the slurry biomass to produce solid biomass;
The crusher is
A container for containing the biomass in a sealed manner;
An apparatus for producing fuel biomass, comprising: an external heating means for heating the container from the outside. A boiler apparatus comprising the fuel biomass production apparatus according to claim 9,
A boiler that generates steam by burning the solid biomass;
A steam turbine rotated by steam generated in the boiler,
The external heating means includes
A water vapor channel provided on the outer periphery of the container;
A flow path through which water vapor generated in the boiler or water vapor after rotating the steam turbine flows,
A supply path that branches from the flow path and is connected to the water vapor flow path, and that supplies the water vapor of the flow path to the water vapor flow path;
A boiler device, comprising: a return path connected to the water vapor flow path, joined to the flow path, and returning the water vapor flowing through the water vapor flow path to the flow path.

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