ZA200307743B - Hydrogen peroxide pickling scheme for stainless steel grades. - Google Patents
Hydrogen peroxide pickling scheme for stainless steel grades. Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- ZA200307743B ZA200307743B ZA200307743A ZA200307743A ZA200307743B ZA 200307743 B ZA200307743 B ZA 200307743B ZA 200307743 A ZA200307743 A ZA 200307743A ZA 200307743 A ZA200307743 A ZA 200307743A ZA 200307743 B ZA200307743 B ZA 200307743B
- Authority
- ZA
- South Africa
- Prior art keywords
- tank
- solution
- pickling
- pickling tank
- hydrogen peroxide
- Prior art date
Links
- 238000005554 pickling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen peroxide Chemical compound OO MHAJPDPJQMAIIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims description 50
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 42
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfuric acid Chemical compound OS(O)(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 38
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 claims 2
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 13
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000021110 pickles Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitric acid Chemical compound O[N+]([O-])=O GRYLNZFGIOXLOG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 101100314150 Caenorhabditis elegans tank-1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclopentene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CCCC1 PYRZPBDTPRQYKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 239000002436 steel type Substances 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010306 acid treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010953 base metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001143 conditioned effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000013000 roll bending Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/02—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts with acid solutions
- C23G1/08—Iron or steel
- C23G1/086—Iron or steel solutions containing HF
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G1/00—Cleaning or pickling metallic material with solutions or molten salts
- C23G1/36—Regeneration of waste pickling liquors
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
- C23G3/02—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously
- C23G3/021—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously by dipping
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23G—CLEANING OR DE-GREASING OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY CHEMICAL METHODS OTHER THAN ELECTROLYSIS
- C23G3/00—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material
- C23G3/02—Apparatus for cleaning or pickling metallic material for cleaning wires, strips, filaments continuously
- C23G3/027—Associated apparatus, e.g. for pretreating or after-treating
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Cleaning And De-Greasing Of Metallic Materials By Chemical Methods (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Sheet Steel (AREA)
- Chemical Treatment Of Metals (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US28256501P | 2001-04-09 | 2001-04-09 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| ZA200307743B true ZA200307743B (en) | 2004-10-04 |
Family
ID=23082082
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| ZA200307743A ZA200307743B (en) | 2001-04-09 | 2003-10-03 | Hydrogen peroxide pickling scheme for stainless steel grades. |
Country Status (14)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US6645306B2 (de) |
| EP (1) | EP1381714B8 (de) |
| JP (1) | JP4175463B2 (de) |
| KR (1) | KR100681099B1 (de) |
| CN (1) | CN1244717C (de) |
| AT (1) | ATE343663T1 (de) |
| AU (1) | AU2002252617B2 (de) |
| BR (1) | BR0208749B1 (de) |
| CA (1) | CA2443695C (de) |
| DE (1) | DE60215629T2 (de) |
| ES (1) | ES2272699T3 (de) |
| MX (1) | MXPA03009219A (de) |
| WO (1) | WO2002081777A1 (de) |
| ZA (1) | ZA200307743B (de) |
Families Citing this family (21)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US6645306B2 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2003-11-11 | Ak Steel Corporation | Hydrogen peroxide pickling scheme for stainless steel grades |
| AU2002307176B2 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2007-02-15 | Ak Steel Properties, Inc. | Hydrogen peroxide pickling of silicon-containing electrical steel grades |
| DE10160318A1 (de) * | 2001-12-07 | 2003-06-18 | Henkel Kgaa | Verfahren zum Beizen von martensitischem oder ferritischem Edelstahl |
| US7396559B2 (en) * | 2003-08-11 | 2008-07-08 | General Motors Corporation | Method of making an electrically conductive element for use in a fuel cell |
| US20050037935A1 (en) | 2003-08-11 | 2005-02-17 | Abd Elhamid Mahmoud H. | Composition and method for surface treatment of oxidized metal |
| DE102006042416B4 (de) * | 2006-09-06 | 2009-04-23 | Sms Demag Ag | Verfahren zum Beizen von Metallbändern und Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens |
| ES2331663T3 (es) * | 2007-04-19 | 2010-01-12 | Straumann Holding Ag | Proceso para proporcionar una topografia a la superficie de un implante dental. |
| PL2352861T3 (pl) * | 2008-11-14 | 2018-10-31 | Ak Steel Properties, Inc. | Sposób trawienia zawierającej krzem stali elektrotechnicznej kwasowym roztworem trawiącym zawierającym jony żelazowe |
| DE102009038795A1 (de) * | 2009-08-25 | 2011-05-05 | Poligrat Gmbh | Beizverfahren für Edelstahl |
| CN102337547B (zh) * | 2010-07-15 | 2013-09-04 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | 一种热轧双相不锈钢板的酸洗方法 |
| JP5729211B2 (ja) * | 2010-08-31 | 2015-06-03 | Ｊｆｅスチール株式会社 | 冷延鋼板の製造方法、冷延鋼板および自動車部材 |
| KR101242990B1 (ko) | 2010-12-28 | 2013-03-12 | 주식회사 포스코 | 표면 품질 개선을 위한 페라이트계 스테인리스 냉연강판의 산세공정 |
| KR101289147B1 (ko) * | 2010-12-28 | 2013-07-23 | 주식회사 포스코 | 표면품질이 우수한 저크롬 페라이트계 스테인리스 냉연강판을 제조하기 위한 친환경 고속 산세 프로세스 |
| KR101243021B1 (ko) | 2010-12-28 | 2013-03-12 | 주식회사 포스코 | 저크롬계 페라이트계 스테인레스 강판의 산세 결함 저감 방법 및 제거 방법 및 산세용액 |
| KR20160022931A (ko) | 2011-09-26 | 2016-03-02 | 에이케이 스틸 프로퍼티즈 인코포레이티드 | 산화성 전해질 산 욕에서의 스테인레스 강 피클링 |
| US10125425B2 (en) | 2013-07-01 | 2018-11-13 | General Electric Company | Method for smut removal during stripping of coating |
| KR101461815B1 (ko) * | 2013-07-31 | 2014-11-13 | 주식회사 포스코 | 고크롬 페라이트계 스테인리스강의 산세 방법 |
| CN103882455A (zh) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-25 | 浙江大学 | 一种不含硝酸的不锈钢酸洗液及其制备方法 |
| CN106435607B (zh) * | 2016-06-30 | 2021-05-18 | 宝钢德盛不锈钢有限公司 | 一种环保的不锈钢热轧卷连续退火酸洗生产方法及酸洗液 |
| CN112275714A (zh) * | 2020-09-21 | 2021-01-29 | 山东宏旺实业有限公司 | 镀钛不锈钢的清洗方法及装置 |
| CN115386880B (zh) * | 2022-09-02 | 2024-03-15 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | 一种用于钢制品表面剥层的处理液及其制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (41)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2347742A (en) * | 1939-09-18 | 1944-05-02 | Rustless Iron & Steel Corp | Pickling process |
| FR1237923A (fr) * | 1959-06-26 | 1960-08-05 | Fakler & Cie O | Procédé de contrôle de bains de décapage sulfurique |
| US3489652A (en) | 1966-04-18 | 1970-01-13 | American Mach & Foundry | Desalination process by multi-effect,multi-stage flash distillation combined with power generation |
| BE758162A (fr) | 1969-10-28 | 1971-04-01 | Fmc Corp | Stabilisation de solutions acidifiees d'eau |
| US3864271A (en) | 1972-12-04 | 1975-02-04 | Du Pont | Stabilized acidic hydrogen peroxide solutions |
| JPS526853B2 (de) | 1972-12-22 | 1977-02-25 | ||
| US3903244A (en) | 1973-02-02 | 1975-09-02 | Fmc Corp | Stabilized hydrogen peroxide |
| SE381289B (sv) * | 1973-06-21 | 1975-12-01 | Nyby Bruk Ab | Tvastegsbetningsforfarande |
| SE400575B (sv) | 1974-12-13 | 1978-04-03 | Nordnero Ab | Bad for betning av koppar och dess legeringar |
| FR2297906A1 (fr) | 1975-01-14 | 1976-08-13 | Ugine Kuhlmann | Stabilisation du peroxyde d'hydrogene dans les bains acides pour le decapage des metaux |
| JPS5518552A (en) * | 1978-07-26 | 1980-02-08 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Pickling method for cr type stainless steel |
| JPS5550468A (en) * | 1978-10-11 | 1980-04-12 | Kawasaki Steel Corp | Pickling method for cr base stainless steel |
| JPS58197277A (ja) | 1982-05-08 | 1983-11-16 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | 金属の化学的溶解処理液 |
| JPS6149706A (ja) * | 1984-08-15 | 1986-03-11 | Nippon Steel Corp | オ−ステナイト系ステンレス鋼薄板の製造方法 |
| US5154774A (en) | 1985-09-19 | 1992-10-13 | Ugine Aciers De Chatillon Et Gueugnon | Process for acid pickling of stainless steel products |
| US4946520A (en) | 1987-02-02 | 1990-08-07 | Phelps Dodge Industries, Inc. | Copper rod manufactured by casting, hot rolling and chemically shaving and pickling |
| US4754803A (en) | 1987-02-02 | 1988-07-05 | Phelps Dodge Industries, Inc. | Manufacturing copper rod by casting, hot rolling and chemically shaving and pickling |
| JPH02122087A (ja) | 1988-11-01 | 1990-05-09 | Nkk Corp | 電磁鋼板の酸洗方法 |
| US5292374A (en) | 1988-11-15 | 1994-03-08 | Maschinenfabrik Andritz Actiengesellschft | Process and plant for pickling stainless steel strip |
| FR2657888B1 (fr) | 1990-02-08 | 1994-04-15 | Ugine Aciers | Procedes de decapage de materiaux en acier inoxydable. |
| US5248386A (en) | 1991-02-08 | 1993-09-28 | Aluminum Company Of America | Milling solution and method |
| US5100500A (en) | 1991-02-08 | 1992-03-31 | Aluminum Company Of America | Milling solution and method |
| US5354383A (en) | 1991-03-29 | 1994-10-11 | Itb, S.R.L. | Process for pickling and passivating stainless steel without using nitric acid |
| IT1251431B (it) | 1991-10-25 | 1995-05-09 | Costante Fontana | Composto ad elevate caratteristiche stabilizzanti particolarmente per perossidi inorganici utilizzati in applicazioni industriali |
| IT1255655B (it) | 1992-08-06 | 1995-11-09 | Processo di decapaggio e passivazione di acciaio inossidabile senza impiego di acido nitrico | |
| IT1255855B (it) | 1992-10-12 | 1995-11-17 | Cesare Pedrazzini | Processo di decapaggio e di passivazione per lamiere di titanio in nastro, senza impiego di acido nitrico. |
| IT1276955B1 (it) | 1995-10-18 | 1997-11-03 | Novamax Itb S R L | Processo di decapaggio e passivazione di acciaio inossidabile senza impiego di acido nitrico |
| IT1276954B1 (it) | 1995-10-18 | 1997-11-03 | Novamax Itb S R L | Processo di decapaggio e di passivazione di acciaio inossidabile senza impiego di acido nitrico |
| SE510298C2 (sv) * | 1995-11-28 | 1999-05-10 | Eka Chemicals Ab | Sätt vid betning av stål |
| FR2745301B1 (fr) | 1996-02-27 | 1998-04-03 | Usinor Sacilor | Procede de decapage d'une piece en acier et notamment d'une bande de tole en acier inoxydable |
| DE69612957T2 (de) | 1996-03-14 | 2001-09-06 | Condoroil Impianti S R L | Beizen von rostfreien Stahlen mit kontinuierliche katalytische Oxidation der Beizlösung |
| US5904157A (en) | 1996-04-05 | 1999-05-18 | Phelps Dodge Industries, Inc. | Copper surface pickling system |
| US5702534A (en) | 1996-05-24 | 1997-12-30 | Armco Inc. | Hydrogen peroxide pickling of stainless steel |
| US5743968A (en) | 1997-03-20 | 1998-04-28 | Armco Inc. | Hydrogen peroxide pickling of stainless steel |
| US5821212A (en) | 1997-02-13 | 1998-10-13 | Crown Technology, Inc. | Rinse aid and process for stainless steel |
| US5958147A (en) | 1997-05-05 | 1999-09-28 | Akzo Nobel N.V. | Method of treating a metal |
| JPH11269677A (ja) * | 1998-03-25 | 1999-10-05 | Mitsubishi Gas Chem Co Inc | ステンレスの酸洗処理方法 |
| GB9807286D0 (en) | 1998-04-06 | 1998-06-03 | Solvay Interox Ltd | Pickling process |
| US6450183B1 (en) * | 1999-12-22 | 2002-09-17 | Kolene Corporation | Composition, apparatus, and method of conditioning scale on a metal surface |
| CA2300492A1 (en) * | 2000-03-13 | 2001-09-13 | Henkel Corporation | Removal of "copper kiss" from pickling high copper alloys |
| US6645306B2 (en) * | 2001-04-09 | 2003-11-11 | Ak Steel Corporation | Hydrogen peroxide pickling scheme for stainless steel grades |
-
2002
- 2002-04-09 US US10/118,765 patent/US6645306B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-09 EP EP02721700A patent/EP1381714B8/de not_active Revoked
- 2002-04-09 AT AT02721700T patent/ATE343663T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-09 ES ES02721700T patent/ES2272699T3/es not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-09 CN CNB02808828XA patent/CN1244717C/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-09 WO PCT/US2002/011135 patent/WO2002081777A1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-09 AU AU2002252617A patent/AU2002252617B2/en not_active Ceased
- 2002-04-09 BR BRPI0208749-9A patent/BR0208749B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2002-04-09 JP JP2002579536A patent/JP4175463B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-09 DE DE60215629T patent/DE60215629T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 2002-04-09 CA CA002443695A patent/CA2443695C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2002-04-09 KR KR1020037013175A patent/KR100681099B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2002-04-09 MX MXPA03009219A patent/MXPA03009219A/es active IP Right Grant
-
2003
- 2003-10-03 ZA ZA200307743A patent/ZA200307743B/en unknown
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| US6645306B2 (en) | 2003-11-11 |
| CN1244717C (zh) | 2006-03-08 |
| ES2272699T3 (es) | 2007-05-01 |
| EP1381714B1 (de) | 2006-10-25 |
| DE60215629D1 (de) | 2006-12-07 |
| ATE343663T1 (de) | 2006-11-15 |
| AU2002252617B2 (en) | 2007-05-31 |
| DE60215629T2 (de) | 2007-09-06 |
| MXPA03009219A (es) | 2005-03-07 |
| EP1381714B8 (de) | 2007-01-03 |
| WO2002081777A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
| JP2004524448A (ja) | 2004-08-12 |
| KR20030088127A (ko) | 2003-11-17 |
| CA2443695C (en) | 2009-02-24 |
| BR0208749B1 (pt) | 2012-08-07 |
| CN1505696A (zh) | 2004-06-16 |
| KR100681099B1 (ko) | 2007-02-08 |
| US20020174880A1 (en) | 2002-11-28 |
| CA2443695A1 (en) | 2002-10-17 |
| EP1381714A1 (de) | 2004-01-21 |
| JP4175463B2 (ja) | 2008-11-05 |
| BR0208749A (pt) | 2004-06-22 |
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