Classifications

• • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
  • A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
  • A61F—FILTERS IMPLANTABLE INTO BLOOD VESSELS; PROSTHESES; DEVICES PROVIDING PATENCY TO, OR PREVENTING COLLAPSING OF, TUBULAR STRUCTURES OF THE BODY, e.g. STENTS; ORTHOPAEDIC, NURSING OR CONTRACEPTIVE DEVICES; FOMENTATION; TREATMENT OR PROTECTION OF EYES OR EARS; BANDAGES, DRESSINGS OR ABSORBENT PADS; FIRST-AID KITS
  • A61F13/00—Bandages or dressings; Absorbent pads
  • A61F13/15—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators
  • A61F13/51—Absorbent pads, e.g. sanitary towels, swabs or tampons for external or internal application to the body; Supporting or fastening means therefor; Tampon applicators characterised by the outer layers of the pads
  • A61F13/511—Topsheet, i.e. the permeable cover or layer facing the skin
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/165—Ethers
  • D06M13/17—Polyoxyalkyleneglycol ethers
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/10—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing oxygen
  • D06M13/224—Esters of carboxylic acids; Esters of carbonic acid
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/248—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing sulfur
  • D06M13/256—Sulfonated compounds esters thereof, e.g. sultones
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M13/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M13/244—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus
  • D06M13/282—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics or fibrous goods made from such materials, with non-macromolecular organic compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with compounds containing sulfur or phosphorus with compounds containing phosphorus
  • D06M13/292—Mono-, di- or triesters of phosphoric or phosphorous acids; Salts thereof
• • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
  • D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
  • D06M—TREATMENT, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE IN CLASS D06, OF FIBRES, THREADS, YARNS, FABRICS, FEATHERS OR FIBROUS GOODS MADE FROM SUCH MATERIALS
  • D06M15/00—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment
  • D06M15/19—Treating fibres, threads, yarns, fabrics, or fibrous goods made from such materials, with macromolecular compounds; Such treatment combined with mechanical treatment with synthetic macromolecular compounds
  • D06M15/37—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
  • D06M15/53—Polyethers

Definitions

• the present invention relates to a water permeability agent and its use.
• absorbent articles such as disposable diapers and sanitary napkins are constructed by disposing an absorbent body made of cotton-like pulp, highly absorbent polymeric materials, etc., between a liquid-permeable top sheet and a liquid-impermeable back sheet.
• Urine and body fluids pass through the top sheet and are absorbed into the absorbent body.
• the treatment agent on the top sheet flows out after absorbing one or two doses of urine or body fluids, causing a sudden drop in water permeability, this will increase the number of times the absorbent article needs to be replaced.
• Patent Document 1 proposes a treatment agent containing a polyvalent active hydrogen compound that is an alkylene oxide adduct of a polyvalent active hydrogen compound.
• the present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a water-permeability imparting agent that imparts excellent stability of water permeability to fibers over time and has excellent handleability, and also to provide fibers and nonwoven fabrics to which the water-permeability imparting agent is attached.
• a water permeability agent containing a nonionic surfactant and at least one selected from an anionic surfactant having an S element and an anionic surfactant having a P element, wherein the iodine value and the acid value are specific values.
• the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention comprises a nonionic surfactant (N) and at least one selected from an anionic surfactant (S) having an S element and an anionic surfactant (P) having a P element, and the iodine value of the nonvolatile matter of the water permeability imparting agent is 0.5 to 100 gI 2 /100 g and the acid value is 0.5 to 100 mgKOH/g.
• the water permeability imparting agent contains the activator (P), and that the activator (P) essentially contains a compound (A) represented by the following general formula (1) and a compound (B) represented by the following general formula (2), and optionally contains a compound (C) represented by the following general formula (3).
• R1 is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
• R1 may be linear or branched.
• AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is an integer of 0 to 15.
• M1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an organic amine salt.
• M2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an organic amine salt.
• R2 and R3 are hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 22 carbon atoms.
• R2 and R3 may be linear or branched.
• AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is an integer of 0 to 15.
• M1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an organic amine salt. When there are two (AO) m 's in a molecule, they may be the same or different.
• R4 is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. R4 may be straight-chain or branched.
• AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is an integer from 0 to 15.
• M1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an organic amine salt.
• M2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an organic amine salt.
• Q is M2 or (OA) mR5 .
• R5 is a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms. R5 may be straight-chain or branched.
• Y is 1 or 2. When there are two or more M2s or (AO) ms in a molecule, they may be the same or different.)
• the surfactant (S) is preferably contained, and the surfactant (S) contains at least one selected from dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid, dialkyl sulfosuccinate salts, polyhydric alcohol fatty acid sulfate esters, and polyhydric alcohol fatty acid sulfate ester salts.
• the total phosphorus content in the nonvolatile matter is preferably 0 to 15% by weight and/or the total sulfur content is preferably 0 to 10% by weight.
• the water-permeability imparting agent is preferably for use in menstrual nonwoven fabrics.
• the water permeability imparting agent contains the surfactant (P), and that the surfactant (P) essentially contains a surfactant (P-1) having an alkyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms and/or an alkenyl group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms, and a surfactant (P-2) having an alkyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms and/or an alkenyl group having 10 or less carbon atoms.
• the fiber of the present invention is a fiber obtained by adding the above-mentioned water-permeability-imparting agent to raw fiber.
• the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is provided with the water-permeability-imparting agent.
• the water-absorbent article of the present invention comprises the nonwoven fabric.
• the water-permeability imparting agent of the present invention has excellent handling properties and can impart excellent stability of water permeability over time to fibers.
• the fibers of the present invention and the nonwoven fabric of the present invention have excellent stability of water permeability over time.
• the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention essentially contains a nonionic surfactant (N).
• the iodine value of the nonionic surfactant (N) is preferably 0 to 120 gI 2 /100 g, more preferably 5 to 85 gI 2 /100 g, and even more preferably 30 to 70 gI 2 /100 g, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handling properties and long-term stability of water permeability of the imparting agent.
• the acid value of the nonionic surfactant (N) is preferably 0 to 120 mgKOH/g, more preferably 0.5 to 80 mgKOH/g, even more preferably 1 to 60 mgKOH/g, and particularly preferably 3 to 30 mgKOH/g.
• nonionic surfactant N
• N1 polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol ethers
• N2 polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters
• N3 polyoxyalkylene aliphatic alcohol ethers
• fatty acid esters of polyalkylene glycols N4
• N5 polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters
• N6 polyoxyalkylene group-containing hydroxy fatty acid polyhydric alcohol esters
• esters of polyhydroxy esters in which at least one hydroxyl group has been blocked with a fatty acid (N7) nonionic surfactants in which at least one hydroxyl group of a condensate of a polyhydroxy ester and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid has been blocked with a fatty acid (N8)
• polyester polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol ethers
• N2 polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters
• N3 polyoxyalkylene aliphatic alcohol ethers
• the polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol ether is a compound having a structure in which an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide is added to a polyhydric alcohol.
• alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide
• polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, diglycerin, sorbitan, sorbitol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, sucrose, etc. Among these, glycerin, trimethylolpropane, and sucrose are preferred.
• the number of moles of alkylene oxide added is preferably 3 to 100, more preferably 4 to 70, and even more preferably 5 to 50.
• the proportion of ethylene oxide in the alkylene oxide is preferably 50 mol % or more, and even more preferably 80 mol % or more.
• the weight average molecular weight of the polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol ether is preferably 300 to 10,000, more preferably 400 to 8,000, and even more preferably 500 to 5,000.
• polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol ethers include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycol, glycerin ethylene oxide adduct, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide adduct, pentaerythritol ethylene oxide adduct, diglycerin ethylene oxide adduct, sorbitan ethylene oxide adduct, sorbitan ethylene oxide propylene oxide adduct, sorbitol ethylene oxide adduct, sorbitol ethylene oxide propylene oxide adduct, ditrimethylolpropane ethylene oxide adduct, dipentaerythritol ethylene oxide adduct, and sucrose ethylene oxide adduct.
• Polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters are compounds having a structure in which a compound in which an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide is added to a polyhydric alcohol is ester-bonded to a fatty acid.
• alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide
• polyhydric alcohols include glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, erythritol, diglycerin, sorbitan, sorbitol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, sucrose, etc. Among these, glycerin, diglycerin, sorbitan, and sorbitol are preferred.
• Fatty acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, isocetylic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, arachidic acid, eicosenoic acid, behenic acid, isodocosanoic acid, erucic acid, lignoceric acid, and isotetracosanoic acid.
• the number of moles of alkylene oxide added is preferably 3 to 100, more preferably 5 to 70, and even more preferably 10 to 50.
• the proportion of ethylene oxide in the alkylene oxide is preferably 50 mol % or more, and even more preferably 80 mol % or more.
• the weight average molecular weight of the polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester is preferably 300 to 7,000, more preferably 500 to 5,000, and even more preferably 700 to 3,000.
• polyoxyalkylene polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters include, but are not limited to, glycerin ethylene oxide adduct monolaurate, glycerin ethylene oxide adduct dilaurate, glycerin ethylene oxide adduct trilaurate, trimethylolpropane ethylene oxide adduct trilaurate, sorbitan ethylene oxide adduct monooleate, sorbitan ethylene oxide adduct dioleate, sorbitan ethylene oxide adduct trioleate, sorbitan ethylene oxide propylene oxide adduct monooleate, sorbitan ethylene oxide propylene oxide adduct dioleate, sorbitan ethylene oxide propylene oxide adduct trioleate, sorbitan ethylene oxide propylene oxide adduct trilaurate, and sucrose ethylene oxide adduct trilaurate.
• polyoxyalkylene aliphatic alcohol ether is a compound having a structure in which an alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide is added to an aliphatic monohydric alcohol.
• alkylene oxide such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, or butylene oxide
• Examples of polyoxyalkylene aliphatic alcohol ethers include alkylene oxide adducts of aliphatic alcohols such as octyl alcohol, 2-ethylhexyl alcohol, decyl alcohol, lauryl alcohol, tridecyl alcohol, myristyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, isostearyl alcohol, and oleyl alcohol.
• the number of moles of alkylene oxide added is preferably 1 to 100 moles, more preferably 2 to 70 moles, and even more preferably 3 to 50 moles.
• the ratio of ethylene oxide to the total alkylene oxide is preferably 20 mole % or more, more preferably 30 mole % or more, and even more preferably 40 mole % or more.
• the fatty acid ester of polyalkylene glycol is a compound having a structure in which polyoxyethylene glycol, polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol, and a fatty acid are ester-bonded.
• the weight-average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is preferably 100 to 1,000, more preferably 150 to 800, and even more preferably 200 to 700.
• polyalkylene glycol fatty acid esters include, but are not limited to, polyethylene glycol monolaurate, polyethylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene glycol monooleate, polyethylene glycol dioleate, polyethylene glycol monostearate, polyethylene glycol distearate, polyethylene polypropylene glycol monolaurate, polyethylene polypropylene glycol dilaurate, polyethylene polypropylene glycol monooleate, and polyethylene polypropylene glycol dioleate.
• Polyhydric alcohol fatty acid esters are compounds having a structure in which a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid are ester-bonded.
• polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, erythritol, diethylene glycol, diglycerin, triglycerin, tetraglycerin, pentaglycerin, hexaglycerin, heptaglycerin, octaglycerin, sorbitan, sorbitol, ditrimethylolpropane, sucrose, etc.
• ethylene glycol, glycerin, diglycerin, sorbitan, and sorbitol are preferred.
• Fatty acids include lauric acid, myristic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitic acid, palmitoleic acid, isocetylic acid, stearic acid, isostearic acid, oleic acid, elaidic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, isoeicosanoic acid, gadoleic acid, eicosenoic acid, behenic acid, isodocosanoic acid, erucic acid, and lignoceric acid.
• the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester has at least one or two or more hydroxyl groups.
• the weight average molecular weight of the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester is preferably 100 to 1,000, more preferably 200 to 800, and even more preferably 300 to 600.
• Fatty acid esters include, but are not limited to, glycerin monolaurate, glycerin dilaurate, triglycerin monolaurate, hexaglycerin monolaurate, glycerin monopalmitate, glycerin dipalmitate, triglycerin monopalmitate, hexaglycerin monopalmitate, glycerin monopalmitate, glycerin distearate, triglycerin monostearate, hexaglycerin monostearate, glycerin monooleate, glycerin dioleate, sorbitan monooleate, sorbitan dioleate, sorbitan trioleate, sucrose monolaurate, sucrose dilaurate, and the like.
• polyhydroxy esters are esters of polyoxyalkylene group-containing hydroxy fatty acids and polyhydric alcohols, and it is preferred that two or more hydroxy groups of the polyhydric alcohol are esterified. Therefore, polyoxyalkylene group-containing hydroxy fatty acid polyhydric alcohol esters are esters having multiple hydroxy groups.
• a polyoxyalkylene group-containing hydroxy fatty acid has a structure in which a polyoxyalkylene group is bonded to the hydrocarbon group of a fatty acid via an oxygen atom, and the end of the polyoxyalkylene group that is not bonded to the hydrocarbon group of the fatty acid is a hydroxyl group.
• polyhydroxy esters include alkylene oxide adducts of esters of hydroxy fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms (preferably 12 to 22 carbon atoms) with polyhydric alcohols.
• hydroxy fatty acids having 6 to 22 carbon atoms include hydroxycaprylic acid, hydroxycapric acid, hydroxyundecanoic acid, hydroxylauric acid, hydroxystearic acid, and ricinoleic acid, with hydroxystearic acid and ricinoleic acid being preferred.
• polyhydric alcohols include ethylene glycol, glycerin, sorbitol, sorbitan, trimethylolpropane, and pentaerythritol, with glycerin being preferred.
• alkylene oxides include alkylene oxides having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, such as ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide.
• the number of added moles of alkylene oxide is preferably 80 or less, more preferably 5 to 30, per mole equivalent of hydroxyl groups in the hydroxy fatty acid polyhydric alcohol ester. Addition moles exceeding 80 are undesirable because they may increase the amount of liquid wetting back into the absorbent article.
• the proportion of ethylene oxide in the alkylene oxide is preferably 50 mol% or more, more preferably 80 mol% or more. An ethylene oxide proportion of less than 50 mol% is undesirable because it may not provide sufficient durable water permeability to the fibers or nonwoven fabrics.
• Polyhydroxy esters can be produced, for example, by esterifying a polyhydric alcohol with a hydroxy fatty acid (hydroxy monocarboxylic acid) under normal conditions to obtain an esterified product, and then subjecting this esterified product to an addition reaction with an alkylene oxide.
• Polyhydroxy esters can also be suitably produced by using naturally occurring fats and oils such as castor oil, or hydrogenated castor oil, to which an alkylene oxide has been added, and then subjecting this to an addition reaction.
• the molar equivalents of carboxyl groups in the hydroxy fatty acid per molar equivalent of hydroxyl groups in the polyhydric alcohol are preferably in the range of 0.5 to 1.
• the fatty acid blocking at least one hydroxyl group of the polyhydroxy ester preferably has 10 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 36 carbon atoms.
• the hydrocarbon group in the fatty acid may have a distribution of carbon atoms, and the hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, or may have a polycyclic structure.
• fatty acids examples include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, icosanoic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, nervonic acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid, melissic acid, and lanolin fatty acid, with stearic acid and behenic acid being preferred.
• the molar equivalent of carboxyl groups of the fatty acid per molar equivalent of hydroxyl groups of the condensate is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 1, more preferably 0.4 to 1.
• the esterification reaction conditions are not particularly limited.
• Nonionic surfactant in which at least one hydroxyl group of a condensation product of a polyhydroxy ester and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid is blocked with a fatty acid (Nonionic surfactant in which at least one hydroxyl group of a condensation product of a polyhydroxy ester and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid is blocked with a fatty acid)
• the nonionic surfactant in which at least one hydroxyl group of a condensate of a polyhydroxy ester and an unsaturated dicarboxylic acid is blocked with a fatty acid is a condensate of a polyoxyalkylene group-containing hydroxy fatty acid polyhydric alcohol ester and a dicarboxylic acid in which at least one hydroxyl group is blocked with a fatty acid.
• the carbon number of the dicarboxylic acid is preferably 2 to 10, and more preferably 2 to 8.
• dicarboxylic acids include oxalic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, adipic acid, pimelic acid, suberic acid, azelaic acid, sebacic acid, maleic acid, and phthalic acid.
• the dicarboxylic acid may contain up to 20% (preferably up to 10%) of a carboxylic acid other than the dicarboxylic acid, such as lauric acid, oleic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, or benzoic acid.
• the molar equivalent of carboxyl groups in the dicarboxylic acid per molar equivalent of hydroxyl groups in the polyhydroxy ester is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 1, and more preferably 0.4 to 0.8.
• esterification method or reaction conditions There are no particular limitations on the esterification method or reaction conditions, and known methods and conventional conditions can be used.
• the condensation product of a polyhydroxy ester and a dicarboxylic acid is an ester in which at least one hydroxyl group of the above-mentioned condensation product of a polyoxyalkylene group-containing hydroxy fatty acid polyhydric alcohol ester and a dicarboxylic acid (hereinafter sometimes referred to as the condensation product) is blocked with a fatty acid.
• the fatty acid blocking at least one hydroxyl group of the condensation product preferably has 10 to 50 carbon atoms, more preferably 12 to 36 carbon atoms.
• the carbon number of the hydrocarbon group in the fatty acid may vary, and the hydrocarbon group may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, or may have a polycyclic structure.
• fatty acids examples include lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, oleic acid, icosanoic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, nervonic acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid, melissic acid, and lanolin fatty acid, with stearic acid and behenic acid being preferred.
• the molar equivalent of carboxyl groups of the fatty acid per molar equivalent of hydroxyl groups of the condensate is preferably in the range of 0.2 to 1, more preferably 0.4 to 1.
• the reaction conditions for esterification are not particularly limited.
• polyester-based nonionic surfactant (N9) is a compound having a structure in which the following polycarboxylic acid and the following polyol are ester-bonded.
• Polycarboxylic acids are divalent or higher carboxylic acids (excluding aromatic carboxylic acids) having 10 to 66 carbon atoms, such as sebacic acid, oleic acid dimer, erucic acid dimer, oleic acid trimer, and erucic acid trimer.
• dimer acids of unsaturated fatty acids having 18 to 22 carbon atoms are preferred, and dimer acids of unsaturated fatty acids having 18 carbon atoms are even more preferred.
• the polyol is a dihydric or higher alcohol having a (poly)oxyalkylene group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms in the molecule.
• the polyol is not particularly limited as long as it is a dihydric or higher alcohol and has a (poly)oxyalkylene group in the molecule, but examples include polyalkylene glycols composed of oxyethylene units and/or oxypropylene units, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan, polyoxyalkylene sorbitan fatty acid esters, polyoxyalkylene glycerin, polyoxyalkylene polyglycerin, polyoxyalkylene polyglycerin esters, polyoxyalkylene-modified silicones, etc.
• polyalkylene glycols composed of oxyethylene units and/or oxypropylene units are preferred.
• polyalkylene glycols composed of oxyethylene units and/or oxypropylene units include polyoxyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol.
• the polyoxyethylene polyoxypropylene glycol may be a block or random type, and among these, polyoxyethylene glycol is preferred.
• the number average molecular weight of the polyalkylene glycol is preferably 100 to 10,000, more preferably 200 to 2,000, and even more preferably 400 to 1,000.
• the number average molecular weight referred to in the present invention is a value measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC) under the following measurement conditions and converted into polystyrene.
• the weight-average molecular weight of the polyester-based nonionic surfactant is preferably 1,000 to 100,000, more preferably 2,000 to 50,000, even more preferably 3,000 to 30,000, and particularly preferably 5,000 to 10,000.
• the method and reaction conditions for producing the polyester-based nonionic surfactant are not particularly limited, and known methods and ordinary conditions can be used.
• a polyester-based nonionic surfactant can be obtained by mixing a polycarboxylic acid and a polyol and reacting them under heating.
• the polycarboxylic acid and polyol may be used alone or in combination of two or more of the above-mentioned components.
• a polyester-based nonionic surfactant may be produced by reacting components other than the polycarboxylic acid and polyol.
• the anionic surfactant (S) is an anionic surfactant having an S element.
• the iodine value of the anionic surfactant (S) is preferably 0 to 120 gI 2 /100 g, more preferably 5 to 80 gI 2 /100 g, and even more preferably 30 to 70 gI 2 /100 g, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handling properties and long-term stability of water permeability of the imparting agent.
• the acid value of the anionic surfactant (S) is preferably from 0 to 120 mgKOH/g, more preferably from 3 to 80 mgKOH/g, and even more preferably from 10 to 65 mgKOH/g, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handleability of the imparting agent and excellent temporal stability of water permeability.
• the anionic surfactant (S) may be of the sulfonic acid type or the sulfate type.
• sulfonic acid type include dialkyl sulfosuccinic acid and/or a salt thereof (S-1), monoalkyl sulfosuccinic acid and/or a salt thereof, alkyl benzene sulfonic acid and/or a salt thereof, alkyl sulfonic acid and/or a salt thereof, alkanoyl methyl tauride, etc.
• the sulfate type include polyhydric alcohol fatty acid sulfate (S-2), alkyl sulfate, and polyoxyethylene alkyl sulfate.
• Sulfonic acid types include sodium hexyl sulfonate, sodium 2-ethylhexyl sulfonate, sodium octyl sulfonate, tetrabutylphosphine hexanesulfonate, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium dihexyl sulfosuccinate, sodium di-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, sodium didecyl sulfosuccinate, sodium ditridecyl sulfosuccinate, disodium monooctyl sulfosuccinate, disodium monohexyl sulfosuccinate, disodium mono-2-ethylhexyl sulfosuccinate, disodium monodecyl sulfosuccinate, disodium monotridecyl sulfosuccinate, and sodium petroleum sul
• the sulfated polyhydric alcohol fatty acid sulfate salt (S-2) may have a structure obtained by sulfating and neutralizing the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a).
• the sulfation method is not particularly limited, and known methods using fuming sulfuric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid, chlorosulfonic acid, sulfur trioxide gas, etc. can be used.
• the neutralization method is also not particularly limited, and known methods can be used.
• Examples of basic substances used for neutralization include alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, alkali metal bicarbonates such as sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate, alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide, alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides such as calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, and magnesium hydroxide, ammonia, mono-, di-, and trialkanolamines having 2 to 4 carbon atoms in the hydroxyalkyl chain, and primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylamines having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in the alkyl chain. Two or more basic substances may be used in combination.
• the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) is an ester compound having a structure in which a polyhydric alcohol and a fatty acid are ester-bonded, and may be a synthetic product or a natural product.
• the polyhydric alcohol used in the synthesis of the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) is a polyhydric alcohol having two or more hydroxyl groups, and examples thereof include diols such as ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, 1,4-butanediol, 1,6-hexanediol, and diethylene glycol; polyalkylene glycols such as polyethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, and polyethylene polypropylene glycol; glycerin, trimethylolpropane, pentaerythritol, erythritol, diglycerin, polyglycerin, sorbitan, sorbitol, ditrimethylolpropane, dipentaerythritol, and sucrose. From the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handling properties and long-term stability of water permeability in the imparting agent, glycerin and sorbitan are more preferred, with glycerin being even more preferred.
• Fatty acids used in the synthesis of the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) include, for example, oleic acid, ricinoleic acid, and linolenic acid as unsaturated fatty acids, and for example, acetic acid, propionic acid, butanoic acid, pentanoic acid, hexanoic acid, heptanoic acid, octanoic acid, nonanoic acid, decanoic acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, nervonic acid, cerotic acid, montanic acid, melissic acid, lanolin fatty acid, hydroxycaprylic acid, hydroxycapric acid, hydroxyundecanoic acid, hydroxylauric acid, and hydroxystearic acid. Of these, ricinoleic acid, linolenic acid, and hydroxystearic acid are preferred.
• the total number of carbon atoms in the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) is preferably 23 or more, more preferably 27 or more, even more preferably 31 or more, and particularly preferably 39 or more.
• the upper limit of the total number of carbon atoms in the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) is preferably 100, more preferably 90, and even more preferably 80. If the total number of carbon atoms in the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) exceeds 100, the instantaneous water permeability may decrease.
• Examples of natural products of the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) include beef tallow, lard, horse tallow, mutton tallow, chicken tallow, whale oil, dolphin oil, sardine oil, cod oil, shark oil, castor oil, rapeseed oil, cottonseed oil, sesame oil, olive oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, palm oil, palm kernel oil, peanut oil, corn oil, and sunflower oil.
• beef tallow, castor oil, and rapeseed oil are preferred from the standpoint of durable water permeability.
• the polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester (a) may include not only the natural products mentioned above, but also hydrogenated oils and semi-hydrogenated oils having a structure obtained by hydrogenating the natural products mentioned above, such as hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated palm oil, semi-hydrogenated palm oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated beef tallow, semi-hydrogenated beef tallow, hydrogenated lard, semi-hydrogenated sardine oil, hydrogenated cod oil, semi-hydrogenated cod oil, hydrogenated shark oil, and semi-hydrogenated shark oil.
• hydrogenated oils and semi-hydrogenated oils having a structure obtained by hydrogenating the natural products mentioned above such as hydrogenated coconut oil, hydrogenated palm oil, semi-hydrogenated palm oil, hydrogenated palm kernel oil, hydrogenated soybean oil, hydrogenated rapeseed oil, hydrogenated castor oil, hydrogenated beef tallow, semi-hydrogenated beef tallow, hydrogenated lard, semi-hydrogen
• the sulfate-type alkyl sulfate salt preferably has an alkyl group of 1 to 30, more preferably 4 to 22, and even more preferably 6 to 18.
• the alkyl group may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic, and may have a distribution.
• the alkyl sulfate of the alkyl sulfate salt is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include methyl sulfate, ethyl sulfate, butyl sulfate, hexyl sulfate, octyl sulfate, decyl sulfate, lauryl sulfate, cetyl sulfate, stearyl sulfate, oleyl sulfate, etc., and from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handling properties of the imparting agent and excellent stability of water permeability over time, lauryl sulfate, cetyl sulfate, stearyl sulfate, and oleyl sulfate are preferred, with lauryl sulfate, cetyl sulfate, stearyl sulfate, and oleyl sulfate being more preferred.
• the polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfate salt preferably has an alkyl group of 1 to 30, more preferably 4 to 22, and even more preferably 6 to 18.
• the alkyl group may be linear or branched, saturated or unsaturated, aliphatic or aromatic, and may have a distribution of alkyl groups.
• the polyoxyalkylene in the polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfate salt of the present invention is polyoxyethylene and/or polyoxypropylene. In the case of polyoxyethylene and polyoxypropylene, they may be compounds obtained by random addition polymerization or block addition polymerization. From the viewpoint of productivity, random addition polymerization compounds are preferred.
• the number of moles of addition of the polyoxyalkylene is 1 to 40, preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 3 to 25, and even more preferably 4 to 20.
• the salt of the polyoxyalkylene alkyl sulfate salt is not particularly limited, but examples include sodium salt, potassium salt, and ammonium salt.
• the anionic surfactant (P) is an anionic surfactant containing a P element.
• the anionic surfactant (P) and the nonionic surfactant (N) used in combination provide the imparting agent with excellent handling properties and excellent stability over time in water permeability.
• the anionic surfactant (P) essentially contains a compound (A) represented by the above general formula (1) and a compound (B) represented by the above general formula (2).
• the compound (A) is a compound represented by the above general formula (1).
• the compound (A) has the function of simultaneously improving the handleability and temporal stability of the water permeability of the imparting agent.
• R 1 is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
• R1 may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention.
• R1 may be saturated or unsaturated.
• AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention, AO preferably has 2 carbon atoms.
• m is an integer of 0 to 15, and from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention, it is preferably an integer of 0 to 10, and more preferably an integer of 0 to 8.
• M1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an organic amine salt.
• M2 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, or an organic amine salt.
• the compound (B) is a compound represented by the above general formula (2).
• the compound (B) When used in combination with the nonionic surfactant (N), the compound (B) has the function of simultaneously improving the handleability of the imparting agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• R 2 and R 3 are preferably hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably hydrocarbon groups having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and even more preferably hydrocarbon groups having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
• R2 and R3 may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear in order to achieve the effects of the present invention.
• R2 and R3 may be saturated or unsaturated.
• AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention, AO preferably has 2 carbon atoms.
• m is an integer of 0 to 15, and from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention, it is preferably an integer of 0 to 10, and more preferably an integer of 0 to 8.
• M1 is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, ammonium, phosphonium, an organic amine salt or a quaternary ammonium salt.
• AO AO
• the compound (C) is a compound represented by the general formula (3) and is an optional component included in the present invention.
• the present invention is preferred in that the compound (C) is included from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handling properties of the imparting agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• R 4 is preferably a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and even more preferably a hydrocarbon group having 12 to 18 carbon atoms.
• R4 may be a straight chain or a branched chain, but is preferably a straight chain from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention.
• R4 may be saturated or unsaturated.
• m is an integer of 0 to 15, and from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention, it is preferably an integer of 0 to 10, and more preferably an integer of 0 to 8.
• AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and m is an integer from 0 to 15.
• M1 and M2 are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal, ammonium, phosphonium, an organic amine salt, or a quaternary ammonium salt.
• Q is M2 or (OA) mR5 .
• R5 is a hydrocarbon group having 3 to 5 carbon atoms.
• R5 may be linear or branched.
• R5 may be saturated or unsaturated.
• Y is 1 or 2.
• M2s or (AO) m 's in a molecule they may be the same or different.
• the compound (D) is a compound represented by the following general formula (4).
• the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention preferably contains the compound (D) from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handleability of the agent and excellent temporal stability of water permeability.
• R 6 , R 7 and R 8 are each independently preferably a hydrocarbon group having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms is preferably 18, more preferably 16, and even more preferably 14, and the lower limit of the number of carbon atoms is preferably 6, more preferably 8, and even more preferably 12. Furthermore, for example, 6 to 16 is preferred, and 10 to 20 is preferred.
• R 6 , R 7 and R 8 may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear in order to achieve the effects of the present invention.
• R 6 , R 7 and R 8 may be saturated or unsaturated.
• R 6 , R 7 and R 8 may be the same or different.
• AO is an oxyalkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention, AO preferably has 2 carbon atoms.
• m is an integer of 0 to 15, and from the viewpoint of exerting the effects of the present invention, it is preferably an integer of 0 to 10, and more preferably an integer of 0 to 8.
• (AO) m 's in a molecule they may be the same or different.
• compound (D) include, but are not limited to, tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, tri(2-ethylhexyl with 8 moles of polyoxyethylene added), triisolauryl phosphate, tri(isolauryl with 9 moles of polyoxyethylene added), triisostearyl phosphate, tri(isostearyl with 15 moles of polyoxyethylene added), di-2-ethylhexyl monooctyl phosphate, di(2-ethylhexyl with 8 moles of polyoxyethylene added) monooctyl phosphate, etc.
• tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, triisolauryl phosphate, and triisostearyl phosphate are preferred in terms of achieving the effects of the present application.
• tri-2-ethylhexyl phosphate, tri-isolauryl phosphate, and triisostearyl phosphate are preferred in terms of achieving the effects of the present application.
• the water-permeability imparting agent of the present invention preferably contains inorganic phosphoric acid (salt) (IN) from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handleability of the imparting agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the inorganic phosphoric acid (salt) (IN) is at least one selected from phosphoric acid, metal dihydrogen phosphate, dimetal hydrogen phosphate, and trimetal phosphate.
• the monometal dihydrogen phosphate includes monopotassium dihydrogen phosphate, monosodium dihydrogen phosphate, etc.
• the dimetal hydrogen phosphate includes dipotassium hydrogen phosphate, disodium hydrogen phosphate, etc.
• the trimetal phosphate includes tripotassium phosphate, trisodium phosphate, etc.
• the iodine value of the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is 0.5 to 100 gI /100 g. If it is less than 0.5 gI /100 g, the handling properties of the imparting agent and the stability of water permeability over time are insufficient, while if it exceeds 100 gI /100 g, the water permeability and the stability of water permeability over time are insufficient.
• the lower limit of the iodine value of the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 2 gI 2 /100 g, more preferably 5 gI 2 /100 g, and even more preferably 10 gI 2 /100 g, from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handling property of the imparting agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the upper limit of the iodine value of the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 85 gI 2 /100 g, more preferably 50 gI 2 /100 g, and even more preferably 30 gI 2 /100 g, from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handleability of the agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the acid value of the nonvolatile content of the water-permeability imparting agent of the present invention is 0.5 to 100 mgKOH/g. If it is less than 0.5 mgKOH/g, the handleability of the imparting agent and the temporal stability of water permeability are insufficient, while if it exceeds 100 mgKOH/g, the handleability, water permeability, and temporal stability of water permeability of the imparting agent are insufficient.
• the lower limit of the acid value of the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 1.0 mgKOH/g, more preferably 3.0 mgKOH/g, and even more preferably 5.0 mgKOH/g, from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handling ability and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the upper limit of the acid value of the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 85 mgKOH/g, more preferably 55 mgKOH/g, and even more preferably 25 mgKOH/g, from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handleability of the agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the acid value of the non-volatile content of the water permeability agent of the present invention may be adjusted as necessary after mixing the various components.
• the adjustment method is not particularly limited, and known methods can be used.
• Examples of basic substances used for adjustment include alkali metal carbonates such as sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate, alkali metal bicarbonates such as sodium bicarbonate and potassium bicarbonate, alkali metal hydroxides such as sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide, alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides such as calcium oxide, calcium hydroxide, magnesium oxide, and magnesium hydroxide, ammonia, mono-, di-, and trialkanolamines with hydroxyalkyl chains containing 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and primary, secondary, and tertiary alkylamines with alkyl chains containing 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Two or more basic substances may be used in combination.
• Examples of acidic substances used for adjustment include sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, acetic acid, lactic acid
• the total phosphorus content in the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 0 to 15% by weight from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handling properties of the agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the upper limit of the total phosphorus element content in the nonvolatile components of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 10% by weight, more preferably 9% by weight, and even more preferably 8% by weight, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handleability of the agent and excellent stability of water permeability over time.
• the lower limit of the total phosphorus element content in the non-volatile components of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 0% by weight, more preferably 0.5% by weight, even more preferably 1.0% by weight, and particularly preferably 1.5% by weight, from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handling ability and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the total amount of sulfur elements in the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is 0 to 10% by weight from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handling properties of the agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the upper limit of the total sulfur element content in the nonvolatile components of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 8% by weight, more preferably 6% by weight, and even more preferably 4% by weight, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handleability of the agent and excellent stability of water permeability over time.
• the lower limit of the total sulfur element content in the nonvolatile components of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 0% by weight, more preferably 0.3% by weight, even more preferably 0.6% by weight, and particularly preferably 1.0% by weight, from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving the handleability of the agent and the stability of water permeability over time.
• the sum of the total phosphorus element content and the total sulfur element content in the non-volatile content of the water permeability agent of the present invention is greater than 0% by weight and 25% by weight or less. From the perspective of achieving the effects of the present application, 1.0 to 19.0% by weight is preferred, 1.5 to 13.0% by weight is more preferred, and 2.0 to 7.0% by weight is even more preferred.
• Measurement of iodine value Measurement is performed in accordance with the measurement method (iodine value (Wiess-carbon tetrachloride method)) published in the "Standard Test Methods for the Analysis of Fats, Oils and Related Materials (2013 edition)" established by the Japan Oil Chemists' Society.
• a potentiometric titrator may also be used during titration.
• Pretreatment An appropriate amount of the imparting agent or the non-volatile content of the imparting agent was weighed into a platinum crucible (the amount was adjusted so that it fell within the range of the calibration curve), and a 5 wt % potassium hydroxide ethanol solution was added and dissolved. The mixture was gradually heated on an electric heater to carbonize, and then incinerated at 750°C. After cooling to room temperature, 0.5 g of alkaline flux (a 1:1 mixture of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate by weight) was added, and the temperature was gradually increased, followed by alkaline fusion at 850°C for 10 minutes.
• alkaline flux a 1:1 mixture of sodium carbonate and potassium carbonate by weight
• the non-volatile content of the water permeability agent refers to the bone-dry content when the agent is heat-treated to remove solvents and the agent reaches a constant weight.
• the fibers to which the imparting agent is attached are washed with a washing liquid such as hexane, methanol, or ethanol, and the solvent used for washing (washing solvent containing the imparting agent nonvolatile matter) is dried and recovered. If the extracted substance contains components derived from fibers or nonwoven fabric, the nonvolatile content of the imparting agent is determined by excluding these contents.
• a washing liquid such as hexane, methanol, or ethanol
• the proportion of nonionic surfactant (N) in the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 1.0 to 95% by weight, from the viewpoint of simultaneously improving handleability and the long-term stability of water permeability.
• the upper limit of this proportion is more preferably 90% by weight, even more preferably 60% by weight, and particularly preferably 40% by weight.
• the lower limit of this proportion is more preferably 3.0% by weight, even more preferably 5.0% by weight, and particularly preferably 10% by weight.
• 3.0 to 90% by weight is more preferable, and 5.0 to 60% by weight is even more preferable.
• the proportion of the anionic surfactant (S) in the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 5 to 80% by weight, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handling properties and long-term stability of water permeability of the imparting agent.
• the upper limit of this proportion is more preferably 75% by weight, even more preferably 70% by weight, and particularly preferably 60% by weight.
• the lower limit of this proportion is more preferably 8% by weight, even more preferably 13% by weight, and particularly preferably 15% by weight.
• 8 to 75% by weight is more preferable, and 13 to 70% by weight is even more preferable.
• the proportion of the anionic surfactant (P) in the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 5 to 80% by weight, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handling properties and long-term stability of water permeability of the imparting agent.
• the upper limit of this proportion is more preferably 70% by weight, even more preferably 60% by weight, and particularly preferably 50% by weight.
• the lower limit of this proportion is more preferably 10% by weight, even more preferably 15% by weight, and particularly preferably 20% by weight.
• 10 to 70% by weight is more preferable, and 15 to 60% by weight is even more preferable.
• the ratio of P1 to the sum (P1+P2+P3) of the peak areas P1 to P3 below in the spectrum of the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is preferably 40 to 100% from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handleability of the agent and excellent stability of water permeability over time.
• P1 Peak area in the range of 0 to 10 ppm
• P2 Peak area in the range of ⁇ 25 to ⁇ 3 ppm
• P3 Peak area in the range of ⁇ 3 to 0 ppm
• Compounds showing peaks in the spectrum from ⁇ 25 to 10 ppm tend to be mainly assigned to inorganic phosphoric acid or compound (A), compound (B), compound (D), and compound (C) in this order from the low magnetic field side.
• [P1/(P1+P2+P3)] is preferably 40 to 100% because it provides excellent handling properties and temporal stability of water permeability of the imparting agent.
• the upper limit of the ratio [P1/(P1+P2+P3)] is preferably 90%, more preferably 80%, and even more preferably 75%, from the viewpoint of providing excellent handling properties and temporal stability of water permeability of the imparting agent.
• the lower limit of [P1/(P1+P2+P3)] is preferably 40%, more preferably 45%, and even more preferably 50%, from the viewpoint of providing excellent handling properties and temporal stability of water permeability of the imparting agent.
• 40 to 90% is preferable, 45 to 85% is more preferable, and 50 to 75% is even more preferable.
• the method for measuring the peak areas of P1 to P3 is the method described in the following paragraph.
• [A/(A+B+C+D+IN)] [A/(A+B+C+D+IN)] represents the ratio of the P NMR integral value (A) assigned to the compound (A) represented by the following general formula (1) to the sum (A+B+C+D+IN) of the P NMR integral value assigned to the compound (A) represented by the general formula (1), the P NMR integral value assigned to the compound (B) represented by the general formula (2), the P NMR integral value assigned to the compound (C) represented by the general formula (3), the P NMR integral value assigned to the compound (D) and the inorganic phosphate (IN) (hereinafter referred to as the sum (A+B+C+D+IN) of the P NMR integral values): Compound (A) can be detected by 31 P-NMR.
• the nonvolatile content of the measurement sample was weighed into a 5 mm diameter NMR sample tube, and approximately 0.5 ml of deuterated water (D 2 O) or deuterated chloroform (CDCl 3 ) was added as a deuterated solvent to dissolve it, and the sample was measured using a 31 P-NMR measurement device (BRUKER AVANCE 400, 162 MHz and JEOL JNM-ECZ400R, 162 MHz).
• the lower limit of [A/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 20%, 22%, 25%, and 30%, in that order (the latter is more preferable, the same applies hereinafter).
• the upper limit value of [A/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 98%, 95%, 92%, 90%, and 80%, in that order.
• the lower limit of [B/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 1%, 3%, 5%, and 7%, in that order.
• the upper limit value of [B/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 65%, 50%, 40%, and 30%, in that order.
• [C/(A+B+C+D+IN)] represents the ratio of the P NMR integral value (C) attributed to the compound (C) to the total P NMR integral values (A+B+C+D+IN).
• the lower limit of [C/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 0%, 4%, 8%, and 10%, in that order.
• the upper limit value of [C/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 40%, 30%, and 20%, in that order.
• [D/(A+B+C+D+IN)] represents the ratio of the P NMR integral value (D) attributed to the compound (D) to the total P NMR integral value (A+B+C+D+IN).
• the lower limit of [D/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 0%, 4%, 8%, and 10%, in that order.
• the upper limit value of [D/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 10%, 5%, 4%, 2%, and 0%, in that order.
• [IN/(A+B+C+D+IN)] represents the ratio of the P NMR integral value (IN) attributed to the inorganic phosphate (IN) to the total P NMR integral value (A+B+C+D+IN).
• the lower limit of [IN/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 0%, 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1%, in that order.
• the upper limit value of [IN/(A+B+C+D+IN)] is preferably 10%, 5%, 4%, 2%, and 0%, in that order.
• the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant to the total of the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant in the water permeability imparting agent [anionic/(anionic+nonionic)] is preferably 5 to 99 wt %.
• the lower limit of the weight ratio of the anionic surfactant to the total of the anionic surfactant and the nonionic surfactant in the water permeability imparting agent [anionic/(anionic+nonionic)] is more preferably 10 wt %, even more preferably 40 wt %, and particularly preferably 60 wt %.
• the upper limit is more preferably 97 wt %, even more preferably 95 wt %, and particularly preferably 90 wt %.
• the pH of an aqueous solution of the water-permeability imparting agent having a non-volatile content of 1% is preferably 4.0 to 11.0, more preferably 5.0 to 10.0, and even more preferably 6.0 to 9.0, from the viewpoint of simultaneously achieving excellent handling properties of the agent and excellent stability of water permeability over time.
• the concentration of the non-volatile content of the water permeability agent is preferably 40 to 100% by weight, more preferably 45 to 95% by weight, and even more preferably 50 to 90% by weight.
• the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention preferably has a silicone compound ratio relative to the non-volatile content of the water permeability imparting agent in the following order: less than 25% by weight, 15% by weight or less, 5% by weight or less, 3% by weight or less, less than 1% by weight, and 0% by weight.
• the fiber of the present invention is obtained by applying the water permeability imparting agent to the fiber body.
• the fiber of the present invention may be a short fiber or a long fiber, and is preferably a short fiber in terms of water permeability.
• the adhesion rate of the nonvolatile content of the water permeability imparting agent to the fiber body is preferably 0.03 to 2% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight, based on the fiber body in terms of antistatic property and water permeability.
• the fiber body examples include polyolefin fibers, polyester fibers, nylon fibers, vinyl chloride fibers, and composite fibers made of two or more thermoplastic resins.
• composite fiber combinations include polyolefin resin/polyolefin resin combinations, such as high-density polyethylene/polypropylene, linear high-density polyethylene/polypropylene, low-density polyethylene/polypropylene, a binary or terpolymer of propylene and another ⁇ -olefin/polypropylene, linear high-density polyethylene/high-density polyethylene, and low-density polyethylene/high-density polyethylene.
• polyolefin resin/polyester resin combinations include polypropylene/polyethylene terephthalate, high-density polyethylene/polyethylene terephthalate, linear high-density polyethylene/polyethylene terephthalate, and low-density polyethylene/polyethylene terephthalate.
• polyester resin/polyester resin combinations include copolymer polyester/polyethylene terephthalate.
• Other examples include fibers made of polyamide resin/polyester resin, polyolefin resin/polyamide resin, and the like.
• the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is suitable for hydrophobic synthetic fibers such as polyolefin fibers (polyolefin fibers and composite fibers containing polyolefin fibers) and polyester fibers (polyester fibers and composite fibers containing polyester fibers) because of their preferred soft feel, and the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention is further suitable for polyolefin fibers.
• the fiber body is a fiber for manufacturing nonwoven fabric in terms of water permeability.
• the cross-sectional structure of the fiber can be exemplified by sheath-core, parallel, eccentric sheath-core, multilayer, radial, or sea-island structures, but from the perspective of productivity in the fiber manufacturing process and ease of nonwoven fabric processing, sheath-core structures including eccentricity or parallel structures are preferred.
• the cross-sectional shape can also be circular or irregular. In the case of irregular shapes, any shape can be used, such as flat, polygonal (triangular to octagonal), T-shaped, hollow, or multi-lobed.
• the water-permeability-imparting agent of the present invention may be applied to the fiber body as is without dilution, or may be applied to the fiber body after diluting with water or the like to a concentration such that the weight ratio of non-volatile matter is 0.5 to 5% by weight.
• the process for applying the water-permeability-imparting agent to the fiber body may be any of the processes of spinning, stretching, and crimping the fiber body.
• There are no particular limitations on the means for applying the water-permeability-imparting agent of the present invention to the fiber body and methods such as roller oiling, nozzle spray oiling, and dip oiling may be used. A method that achieves the desired amount of adhesion more uniformly and efficiently may be adopted, depending on the fiber manufacturing process and its characteristics.
• drying methods such as drying with hot air and infrared rays, and drying by contact with a heat source may be used.
• the nonwoven fabric of the present invention may be a raw nonwoven fabric to which a water-permeability-imparting agent has been added, or a nonwoven fabric made from fibers to which a water-permeability-imparting agent has been added.
• the method for producing the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is not particularly limited, and known methods can be used. Short fibers or long fibers can be used as the raw fibers. Examples of web formation methods using short fibers include dry methods such as carding and air-laid methods, and wet methods such as papermaking. Examples of web formation methods using long fibers include spunbonding, meltblowing, and flash spinning. Examples of interfiber bonding methods include chemical bonding, thermal bonding, needle punching, spunlace, and stitch bonding.
• the method for producing a nonwoven fabric of the present invention preferably includes the steps of passing the fibers of the present invention through a carding machine or the like to produce a fiber web and heat-treating the obtained fiber web. That is, the water-permeability imparting agent of the present invention is particularly suitable for use in nonwoven fabric production that includes a step of heat-treating a fiber web.
• Methods for bonding a fiber web by heat treatment include heat fusion methods such as thermocompression bonding using a heated roll or ultrasonic waves, heat fusion bonding using heated air, and point bonding.
• Examples of methods for producing nonwoven fabrics include a method in which staple fibers to which a water-permeability-imparting agent has been added are passed through a carding machine or the like to form a web, which is then heat-treated to bond and integrate as described above, and a method in which, when laminating pulp or the like in an airlaid method, the water-permeable fibers (staple fibers) of the present invention are mixed with the pulp and the like, and the resulting mixture is heat-treated and bonded as described above.
• Other methods include a method in which the water-permeability-imparting agent of the present invention is attached to a fiber molded product obtained by a spunbonding method, a melt-blowing method, a flash spinning method, or the like, and the resultant product is heat-treated with a heated roll or heated air, or the water-permeability-imparting agent of the present invention is attached to the molded product, to produce a nonwoven fabric.
• a composite fiber resin is spun, and then the spun composite long fiber filaments are cooled with a cooling fluid and tensioned with drawing air to obtain the desired fineness.
• the spun filaments are then collected on a collection belt and bonded to obtain a spunbonded nonwoven fabric.
• Bonding methods include thermocompression bonding using a heated roll or ultrasonic waves, heat fusion bonding using heated air, and point bonding.
• the method for applying the water permeability imparting agent of the present invention to the obtained spunbonded nonwoven fabric can be a gravure method, a flexographic method, a roll coating method such as a gate roll method, a spray coating method, or the like, but is not particularly limited as long as the amount applied to the nonwoven fabric can be adjusted on each side.
• the drying method may be a method using hot air or infrared rays, or a method of drying by contact with a heat source, or the like.
• the absorbent article of the present invention includes the nonwoven fabric of the present invention.
• the absorbent article of the present invention include disposable diapers, sanitary napkins (hygienic napkins, etc.), etc.
• the nonwoven fabric of the present invention is preferably used as a top sheet of hygienic materials such as disposable diapers and sanitary napkins. It can also be used for second seats, absorbents, absorbent pads, etc.
• Examples 1 to 38 and Comparative Examples 1 to 7 The components shown in Tables 4 to 9 are those shown in Tables 1 and 2 and are as follows.
• the acid values of N-1 to N-5, N-7, N-8, N-15, and N-17 to N-20 in Table 2 are derived from fatty acids that remain unreacted during the esterification reaction.
• the ester compounds contain small amounts of different partially esterified compounds and completely esterified compounds as by-products. Substances with the same name in Table 2 but different iodine values are derived from the purity of the unsaturated fatty acids.
• p-1 to p-12 shown in Tables 4 to 9 are contained in the integral ratios shown in Table 3.
• the fiber body was a polypropylene (core)-polyethylene (sheath) composite fiber to which no fiber treatment agent such as a water-permeability-imparting agent had been attached, with a single fiber fineness of 2.2 Dtex and a fiber length of 38 mm.
• the fiber to which the diluted solution of each water-permeability-imparting agent had been applied was placed in a hot air dryer at 80°C for 2 hours, and then left to dry at room temperature for 8 hours or more to obtain a water-permeable fiber.
• the resulting water-permeable fibers were each subjected to a fiber-opening process and a carding process using a carding tester to produce a web with a basis weight of 25 g/ m2 .
• the resulting web was heat-treated at 135°C in an air-through hot air circulation dryer to fix the web, yielding a nonwoven fabric.
• the water permeability of the resulting nonwoven fabric was evaluated using the evaluation method described below. The results are shown in Tables 4 to 9.
• ⁇ is the best evaluation, and ⁇ or above is suitable for practical use. ⁇ Judgment criteria ⁇ ⁇ (Good): Less than 3 seconds continues until the fourth water permeation. ⁇ (Acceptable): Less than 3 seconds continues until the second or third water permeation. ⁇ (Unacceptable): Less than 3 seconds only on the first water permeation.
• a nonwoven fabric (10 cm x 10 cm) is stored in an environmental test chamber at 60°C and 80% RH for 14 days. After 14 days, the nonwoven fabric is removed from the environmental test chamber, and the instantaneous water permeability and durable water permeability of the nonwoven fabric are evaluated as described above. The smaller the difference between the instantaneous water permeability and durable water permeability before and after placing it in the environmental test chamber, the smaller the decrease in water permeability over time. The smaller this decrease over time, the better.
• the instantaneous water permeability and durable water permeability after the passage of time are evaluated according to the following criteria. ⁇ is the best rating, and ⁇ or higher is suitable for practical use.
• a sanitary napkin (Sofy Hadaomoi, manufactured by Unicharm Corporation) was used for evaluation, with the topsheet removed and a nonwoven fabric sample laminated in its place and fixed around its periphery.
• Acrylic plates with a 1 cm inner diameter hole were stacked on top of each other, and 5.0 g of defibered horse blood (adjusted to 10 mPa/s) equivalent to menstrual blood was poured through the hole. 60 seconds after a total of 5.0 g of defibered horse blood had been poured, the acrylic plates were removed.
• the L value was measured at the position where the defibered horse blood was poured. The higher the L value (brightness), the closer the color is to white, and the less redness is visible in the surface sheet (nonwoven fabric sample). In other words, it indicates the blood permeability between the fibers.
• ⁇ is the best evaluation, and ⁇ or higher is suitable for practical use.
• the water-permeability imparting agents of Examples 1 to 38 contain a nonionic surfactant (N) and at least one selected from an anionic surfactant (S) containing an S element and an anionic surfactant (P) containing a P element, and the iodine value and acid value of the nonvolatile content of the water-permeability imparting agent are within specific ranges, thereby solving the problem of the present application. Furthermore, it was confirmed that the effects of the present application were also exhibited in diapers and sanitary products in which the nonwoven fabrics produced in the examples were used as topsheets.
• Fibers and nonwoven fabrics treated with the water permeability agent of the present invention are used in absorbent articles such as sanitary products, including disposable diapers and napkins. They can also be used in food, medical, and industrial applications where absorbent sheets are required.

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