WO2025145504A1 - 一种耐光型荧烷类变色染料的制备及其应用 - Google Patents
一种耐光型荧烷类变色染料的制备及其应用 Download PDFInfo
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D06—TREATMENT OF TEXTILES OR THE LIKE; LAUNDERING; FLEXIBLE MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- D06P—DYEING OR PRINTING TEXTILES; DYEING LEATHER, FURS OR SOLID MACROMOLECULAR SUBSTANCES IN ANY FORM
- D06P1/00—General processes of dyeing or printing textiles, or general processes of dyeing leather, furs, or solid macromolecular substances in any form, classified according to the dyes, pigments, or auxiliary substances employed
- D06P1/004—Dyeing with phototropic dyes; Obtaining camouflage effects
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J13/00—Colloid chemistry, e.g. the production of colloidal materials or their solutions, not otherwise provided for; Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/02—Making microcapsules or microballoons
- B01J13/20—After-treatment of capsule walls, e.g. hardening
- B01J13/206—Hardening; drying
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07D—HETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07D311/00—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings
- C07D311/02—Heterocyclic compounds containing six-membered rings having one oxygen atom as the only hetero atom, condensed with other rings ortho- or peri-condensed with carbocyclic rings or ring systems
- C07D311/78—Ring systems having three or more relevant rings
- C07D311/80—Dibenzopyrans; Hydrogenated dibenzopyrans
- C07D311/82—Xanthenes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B11/00—Diaryl- or thriarylmethane dyes
- C09B11/04—Diaryl- or thriarylmethane dyes derived from triarylmethanes, i.e. central C-atom is substituted by amino, cyano, alkyl
- C09B11/10—Amino derivatives of triarylmethanes
- C09B11/24—Phthaleins containing amino groups ; Phthalanes; Fluoranes; Phthalides; Rhodamine dyes; Phthaleins having heterocyclic aryl rings; Lactone or lactame forms of triarylmethane dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09B—ORGANIC DYES OR CLOSELY-RELATED COMPOUNDS FOR PRODUCING DYES, e.g. PIGMENTS; MORDANTS; LAKES
- C09B67/00—Influencing the physical, e.g. the dyeing or printing properties of dyestuffs without chemical reactions, e.g. by treating with solvents grinding or grinding assistants, coating of pigments or dyes; Process features in the making of dyestuff preparations; Dyestuff preparations of a special physical nature, e.g. tablets, films
- C09B67/0097—Dye preparations of special physical nature; Tablets, films, extrusion, microcapsules, sheets, pads, bags with dyes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K9/00—Tenebrescent materials, i.e. materials for which the range of wavelengths for energy absorption is changed as a result of excitation by some form of energy
- C09K9/02—Organic tenebrescent materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K2211/00—Chemical nature of organic luminescent or tenebrescent compounds
- C09K2211/10—Non-macromolecular compounds
- C09K2211/1018—Heterocyclic compounds
- C09K2211/1025—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands
- C09K2211/1088—Heterocyclic compounds characterised by ligands containing oxygen as the only heteroatom
Definitions
- the invention relates to the preparation and application of a light-resistant fluorane color-changing dye, and belongs to the technical field of fine chemical industry.
- Fluoran dyes are widely used in smart textiles, decorations, sensors, displays and other fields due to their multi-responsive properties (such as temperature response, light response, humidity response, electroresponsiveness, pH response and multi-stimulus response).
- multi-responsive properties such as temperature response, light response, humidity response, electroresponsiveness, pH response and multi-stimulus response.
- the poor light resistance of fluoran dyes limits their development and application in long-term outdoor products. Therefore, the development of light-resistant fluoran dye color-changing systems has always been the focus of research.
- the first object of the present invention is to provide a fluorane color-changing dye with good light resistance, the structure of which is shown in the following formula I:
- R 5 , R 6 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, substituted carbonyl, acylamino, substituted aminocyclohexane and halogen;
- R 7 is independently selected from N,N-diethyl, methoxy, N,N-di(p-tolyl)yl, chloro;
- R 10 is independently selected from N,N-diethyl, methoxy, N,N-di(p-tolyl)yl, and N-cyclohexyl;
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkylamino groups having different numbers of carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl group in the alkylamino group is a C 2 -C 12 straight-chain alkane, cycloalkane or an alkane containing a polar group (polar groups include O (ether bond), CO (carbonyl), NH (imino) or CO-NH 2 (amide) etc.); the remaining groups are selected from one or more of hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, heterocycloalkyl and substituted heterocycloalkyl.
- polar groups include O (ether bond), CO (carbonyl), NH (imino) or CO-NH 2 (amide) etc.
- R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, R11 and R12 are each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, substituted carbonyl, acylamino and halogen;
- R1 and R4 are H.
- R2 and R3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkylamino groups with different numbers of carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl group in the alkylamino group is a straight-chain alkane, cycloalkane or alkane (C2-C12) containing a polar group with a carbon number of C2-C12; and R2 and R3 are not hydrogen at the same time.
- R2 and R3 are independently selected from hydrogen or alkylamino, wherein the alkyl in the alkylamino includes ethyl, propyl and isopropyl, butyl and its isomers, pentyl and its isomers, hexyl and its isomers, heptyl and its isomers, octyl and its isomers, nonyl and its isomers, decyl and its isomers, and alkyl groups containing polar groups. and R2 and R3 are not hydrogen at the same time.
- R 2 or R 3 is independently selected from hydrogen or alkylamino, wherein the alkyl group in the alkylamino includes ethyl, propyl and isopropyl, butyl and its isomers, pentyl and its isomers, hexyl and its isomers, heptyl and its isomers, octyl and its isomers, nonyl and its isomers, decyl and its isomers, and alkyl groups (C 2 -C 10 ) containing any one of hydroxyl and carboxyl groups; and R 2 and R 3 are not hydrogen at the same time.
- the alkyl group in the alkylamino includes ethyl, propyl and isopropyl, butyl and its isomers, pentyl and its isomers, hexyl and its isomers, heptyl and its isomers, octyl and its isomers, nonyl and its isomers
- the second object of the present invention is to provide a method for improving the light resistance of a color-changing material, wherein the method comprises coloring the material with a fluorane color-changing dye, wherein the general structural formula of the fluorane color-changing dye is shown in the following formula III:
- R 10 is independently selected from N,N-diethyl, methoxy, N,N-di(p-tolyl)yl, and N-cyclohexyl;
- R 1 , R 2 , R 3 and R 4 are alkylamino groups having different numbers of carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl group in the alkylamino group is a C 2 -C 12 straight-chain alkane, cycloalkane or an alkane containing a polar group (polar groups include O (ether bond), CO (carbonyl), NH (imino) or CO-NH 2 (amide) etc.); the remaining groups are selected from one or more of hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, heterocycloalkyl and substituted heterocycloalkyl.
- polar groups include O (ether bond), CO (carbonyl), NH (imino) or CO-NH 2 (amide) etc.
- R 5 , R 6 , R 7 , R 8 , R 9 , R 11 and R 12 are each independently selected from hydrogen, alkyl, substituted alkyl, alkenyl, substituted alkenyl, heterocycloalkyl, substituted heterocycloalkyl, alkoxy, substituted alkoxy, substituted carbonyl, acylamino and halogen;
- R2 and R3 are independently selected from hydrogen, alkylamino groups with different numbers of carbon atoms, wherein the alkyl group in the alkylamino group is a linear alkane, cycloalkane or alkane ( C2 - C12 ) containing a polar group with a carbon number of C2 - C12 ; and R2 and R3 are not hydrogen at the same time.
- halogen is Cl, Br, or F.
- the alkyl group in the alkylamine includes a C 2 -C 12 straight-chain alkane, a cycloalkane, or an alkyl hydrocarbon group containing a polar group.
- the polar group includes O (ether bond), CO (carbonyl group), NH (imino group) or CO-NH 2 (amide group).
- the organic solvent is toluene.
- the catalyst is niobium pentoxide.
- the molar ratio of the fluorane-based color-changing dye structural intermediate to the alkylamine is 1:1-2.
- the ratio of the molar amount of the fluorane-based color-changing dye structural intermediate to the volume of the organic solvent is 1 mol: 0.05-0.1 mL.
- the molar ratio of the fluorane color-changing dye structural intermediate to the catalyst is 1:0.5-0.7.
- the temperature-raising reaction is carried out at 75 to 85° C. for 6 to 9 hours.
- the purification can be performed using column chromatography or gas chromatography.
- the present invention fourthly provides a sun-fast color-changing microcapsule, wherein the sun-fast color-changing microcapsule uses the above-mentioned fluorane color-changing dye as a core material and uses a high molecular polymer, inorganic particles or inorganic particles doped with a polymer as a wall material.
- prepolymer urea and formaldehyde solution are mixed, triethanolamine is added to adjust the pH value to 8-9, and the temperature is raised to react to obtain a viscous and transparent urea-formaldehyde prepolymer;
- Microencapsulation and post-treatment Mix a viscous and transparent urea-formaldehyde prepolymer with an O/W emulsion to obtain a mixed solution, then add sodium chloride and silicon dioxide, stir thoroughly, then add acetic acid to adjust the pH to 3-4, heat to react, cool after the reaction is completed, wash, filter and dry to obtain color-changing microcapsules.
- step (1) is to raise the temperature to 70-80° C. and react for 1-2 hours.
- the solvent is a mixture of tetradecanol and hexadecanol, and the mass ratio of the mixture is 4-5:5-6.
- step (2) of the above preparation method the mass ratio of the fluoran color-changing dye to bisphenol A is 1:2-8.
- step (2) of the above preparation method the mass ratio of the fluoran color-changing dye to the solvent is 1:50-70.
- step (2) of the above preparation method the shearing speed is 1000-3000 r/min and the time is 1-2 h.
- step (2) of the above preparation method the time for continued dispersion is 1 to 2 hours.
- step (3) of the above preparation method the volume ratio of the viscous transparent urea-formaldehyde prepolymer to the O/W emulsion is 5 to 10:1.
- step (3) of the above preparation method the added sodium chloride accounts for 0.2 to 0.25 wt % of the total mass of the mixed solution.
- step (3) of the above preparation method the added silicon dioxide accounts for 0.2 to 0.25 wt % of the total mass of the mixed solution.
- step (3) of the above preparation method the heating reaction is carried out at 60-65° C. for 30-50 min.
- the color-changing microcapsules provided by the invention are used in the fields of textile and dyeing.
- the fifth aspect of the present invention provides a method for preparing a sun-fast color-changing fabric, the method comprising first preparing a thermochromic color paste using microcapsules prepared with the above-mentioned fluorane color-changing dye, and then using the thermochromic color paste to color the fabric, and finally obtaining a color-changing fabric with sun-fast performance.
- the fabric comprises fibers, cotton fabric, silk fabric or polyester textile.
- thermochromic color paste comprises a thickener, a binder, color-changing body microcapsules and water.
- the mass ratio of the thickener to the binder is 1:5-15.
- the mass ratio of the thickener to the color-changing body microcapsules is 1:60-100.
- the mass ratio of thickener to water is 1:5-15.
- the fabric is fixed, and then printed using a screen printing technique, and then the printed fabric is dried at 70-90° C., and cured at 90-100° C. for 2-5 minutes to obtain a sun-resistant color-changing fabric.
- Example 1 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- red 1' (wherein R is -Cl) and octylamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 were added to a 100 mL three-necked flask, and then toluene was added to make the concentrations of red 1' and octylamine 0.02 mol/L and 0.03 mol/L, respectively, and nitric acid pentoxide catalyst was added in an amount of 50% molar equivalent to red 1', and then triethylamine was used to adjust the pH to 8, and mechanical stirring was continued, and the temperature was raised to 80°C, and the reaction was carried out for 8 hours.
- Example 2 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- red 1' (wherein R is -Cl) and acrylamide in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 were added to a 100 mL three-necked flask, and toluene was added to make the concentrations of red 1' and acrylamide 0.02 mol/L and 0.03 mol/L, respectively.
- Example 4 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- Example 5 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- Example 6 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- Example 7 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- blue 1' (wherein R is -Cl) and octylamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 were added to a 100 mL three-necked flask, and then toluene was added to make the concentrations of blue 1' and octylamine 0.02 mol/L and 0.03 mol/L, respectively, and nitric acid pentoxide catalyst was added in an amount of 50% molar equivalent to blue 1', and then triethylamine was used to adjust the pH to 8, and mechanical stirring was continued, and the temperature was raised to 80°C, and the reaction was carried out for 8 hours.
- Example 13 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- Example 15 A fluorane color-changing dye structure with good light resistance and its synthesis method
- black 2' (wherein R is -Cl) and octylamine in a molar ratio of 1:1.5 were added to a 100 mL three-necked flask, and then toluene was added to make the concentrations of black 2' and octylamine 0.02 mol/L and 0.03 mol/L, respectively, and nitric acid pentoxide catalyst was added in a molar equivalent of 50% to black 2', and then triethylamine was used to adjust the pH to 8, and mechanical stirring was continued, and the temperature was raised to 80°C, and the reaction was carried out for 8 hours.
- the fabric was dyed with the color-changing microcapsules prepared from the fluorane color-changing dyes synthesized in Examples 1 to 24 according to Example 25, and the dyeing conditions were as follows: the thickener, the binder, 80% of the color-changing microcapsules and deionized water were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:10:80:9, and stirred for 30 minutes to prepare a thermochromic color paste.
- the fabric was fixed, and then printed using a screen printing technique, and then the printed fabric was dried in an oven at 80°C and cured at 100°C for 5 minutes to obtain a light-fast color-changing fabric.
- Step (1) In a nitrogen atmosphere, take 0.662g of m-hydroxy-N,N-diethylaniline and 0.908g of 4-bromophthalic anhydride (molar ratio of 1:1), add 50mL of toluene solvent and 0.5g of niobium pentoxide catalyst, heat to reflux and react for 4 hours. After the reaction, cool the mixture to 50°C, and add 5mL of 35% NaOH aqueous solution to the mixture. Then heat the mixture to 90°C and keep it warm for 6 hours. Finally, pour the mixture into ice, acidify the resulting mixture with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and then leave it at room temperature for 2 hours. Filter the suspension, recrystallize the solid from ethanol, and dry the solid to obtain intermediate 1.
- Step (2) weigh 0.392 g of intermediate 1 and 0.263 g of ODB-1 in a molar ratio of 1:1.5, stir evenly in 50 mL of toluene solvent, add 0.5 g of niobium pentoxide catalyst, and then heat the mixture to reflux and react for 5 hours. During the process, the generated water is separated. After the reaction is completed, the organic phase obtained is concentrated with 20 mL of 25% NaOH aqueous solution to recover the solvent, and the residue is recrystallized from ethanol to obtain 5-bromofluoran dye.
- Step (1) In a nitrogen atmosphere, take 0.662g of m-hydroxy-N,N-diethylaniline and 0.908g of 4-bromophthalic anhydride (molar ratio of 1:1), then add 50mL of toluene solvent and 0.5g of niobium pentoxide catalyst, heat to reflux and react for 4 hours. After the reaction, cool the mixture to 50°C, and add 5mL of 35% NaOH aqueous solution to the mixture. Then heat the mixture to 90°C and keep it warm for 6 hours. Finally, pour the mixture into ice, acidify the resulting mixture with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and let the resulting mixture stand at room temperature for 2 hours. Filter the suspension, recrystallize the solid from ethanol, and dry the solid to obtain intermediate 2.
- Step (1) In a nitrogen atmosphere, take 0.384g PSD-1 and 0.454g 4-bromophthalic anhydride (molar ratio 1:1), add 50mL toluene solvent and 0.5g niobium pentoxide catalyst, heat to reflux and react for 4 hours. After the reaction, cool the mixture to 50°C, and add an appropriate amount of 35% NaOH aqueous solution to the mixture. Then heat the mixture to 90°C and keep it warm for 6 hours. Finally, pour the mixture into ice, acidify the resulting mixture with concentrated hydrochloric acid, and let the resulting mixture stand at room temperature for 2 hours. Filter the suspension, recrystallize the solid from ethanol, and dry the solid to obtain intermediate 3.
- Step (2) 0.419 g of intermediate 3 and 0.167 g of ODB-3 were weighed in a molar ratio of 1:1.5, stirred evenly in 50 mL of toluene solvent, 0.5 g of niobium pentoxide catalyst was added, and then the mixture was heated to reflux and reacted for 5 h. During the reaction, the generated water was separated. After the reaction, the organic phase obtained was mixed with an appropriate amount of 25% concentrated recovery solvent, and the residue was recrystallized from ethanol to obtain 5-bromo orange fluorane dye.
- Step (1) Take 50 mmol 3-(diethylamino)phenol and 25 mmol 3-nitrophthalic anhydride and add them to 50 mL chlorobenzene. After they are completely dissolved, add 25 mmol trifluoromethanesulfonic acid. Then preheat in an oil bath at 135°C and reflux for 2 days in a nitrogen atmosphere. After the reaction is completed, cool to room temperature and remove the solvent by rotary evaporation. Perform column chromatography with dichloromethane/methanol as eluent to obtain a purple-red powder, i.e., the product ph-NO 2 .
- Step (2) Take 1mmol ph-NO 2 , 20mg Pd/C, and 4mL ethyl acetate and put them into a three-necked flask. 1.5mmol H 3 PO 2 and 4.5mmol NaH 2 PO 2 ⁇ H 2 O are uniformly dissolved in 4mL H 2 O and poured into the above three-necked flask. Then put the three-necked flask into an 85°C oil bath to react for 5h, cool to room temperature, and extract with dichloromethane.
- the extracted product is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then column chromatography is performed using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a pink powder, i.e., the product ph-NH 2 .
- Step (3) 2mmol ph-NH 2 and 3mmol triethylamine were dissolved in 10mL DCM; 12mmol propionyl chloride was slowly added dropwise in an ice-water bath, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and column chromatography was performed using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a light pink powder, which was the final product, the red target fluorane dye.
- Step (1) 50 mmol 3-(diethylamino)phenol and 25 mmol 3-nitrophthalic anhydride were added to a three-necked flask containing 50 mL chlorobenzene. After complete dissolution, 25 mmol trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added. The three-necked flask was then placed in a 135°C oil bath for preheating. The flask was refluxed in a nitrogen atmosphere for 2 days. After the reaction was completed, the flask was cooled to room temperature and the flask was removed by rotary evaporation. The solvent was removed and column chromatography was performed using dichloromethane/methanol as the eluent to obtain a purple-red powder, namely the product ph-NO 2 .
- Step (2) 1 mmol ph-NO 2 , 20 mg Pd/C, and 4 mL ethyl acetate (EtOAc) are placed in a three-necked flask. 1.5 mmol H 3 PO 2 and 4.5 mmol NaH 2 PO 2 ⁇ H 2 O are uniformly dissolved in 4 mL H 2 O and poured into the above three-necked flask. The three-necked flask is then placed in an 85°C oil bath for reaction for 5 hours. After cooling to room temperature, it is extracted with dichloromethane.
- EtOAc ethyl acetate
- the extracted product is dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate and then subjected to column chromatography using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a pink powder, i.e., the product ph-NH 2 .
- Step (3) 2mmol ph-NH 2 and 3mmol triethylamine were dissolved in 10mL DCM; 12mmol phenylacetyl chloride was slowly added dropwise in an ice-water bath, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and column chromatography was performed using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a light pink powder, which was the final product, the red target fluorane dye.
- Step (1) 50 mmol 3-(diethylamino)phenol and 25 mmol 3-nitrophthalic anhydride were added to 50 mL chlorobenzene. After complete dissolution, 25 mmol trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added. Then, the mixture was preheated in an oil bath at 135°C and refluxed for 2 days in a nitrogen atmosphere. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation. Column chromatography was performed using dichloromethane/methanol as the eluent to obtain a purple-red powder, i.e., the product ph-NO 2 .
- Step (2) 1mmol ph-NO 2 , 20mg Pd/C, and 4mL ethyl acetate were placed in a three-necked flask. 1.5mmol H 3 PO 2 and 4.5mmol NaH 2 PO 2 ⁇ H 2 O were uniformly dissolved in 4mL H 2 O and poured into the above three-necked flask. The three-necked flask was then placed in an 85°C oil bath for reaction for 5h, cooled to room temperature, and extracted with dichloromethane.
- the extracted product was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then column chromatography was performed using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a pink powder, i.e., the product ph-NH 2 .
- Step (3) 2mmol ph-NH 2 and 3mmol triethylamine were dissolved in 10mL DCM; 12mmol benzoyl chloride was slowly added dropwise in an ice-water bath, and the reaction was carried out at room temperature for 2h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and column chromatography was performed using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a light pink powder, which was the final product, the red target fluorane dye.
- Comparative Example 12 A bistable electrochromic fluorane dye
- Step (1) 50 mmol 3-(diethylamino)phenol and 25 mmol 3-nitrophthalic anhydride were added to 50 mL chlorobenzene. After complete dissolution, 25 mmol trifluoromethanesulfonic acid was added. Then, the mixture was preheated in an oil bath at 135°C and refluxed for 2 days in a nitrogen atmosphere. After the reaction was completed, the mixture was cooled to room temperature and the solvent was removed by rotary evaporation. Column chromatography was performed using dichloromethane/methanol as the eluent to obtain a purple-red powder, i.e., the product ph-NO 2 .
- Step (2) 1mmol ph-NO 2 , 20mg Pd/C, and 4mL ethyl acetate were placed in a three-necked flask. 1.5mmol H 3 PO 2 and 4.5mmol NaH 2 PO 2 ⁇ H 2 O were uniformly dissolved in 4mL H 2 O and poured into the above three-necked flask. The three-necked flask was then placed in an 85°C oil bath for reaction for 5h, cooled to room temperature, and extracted with dichloromethane.
- the extracted product was dried over anhydrous sodium sulfate, and then column chromatography was performed using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a pink powder, i.e., the product ph-NH 2 .
- Step (3) 2mmol ph-NH 2 and 3mmol triethylamine were dissolved in 10mL DCM; 12mmol p-nitrobenzoyl chloride was slowly added dropwise in an ice-water bath, and the mixture was reacted at room temperature for 2h. The solvent was removed by rotary evaporation, and column chromatography was performed using petroleum ether/ethyl acetate/triethylamine as eluent to obtain a light pink powder, which was the final product, the red target fluorane dye.
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Abstract
本发明公开一种耐光型荧烷类变色染料的制备及其应用,属于精细化工技术领域。本发明通过优化商品化荧烷染料的结构,提供一种全色谱、耐光性能好荧烷染料的制备方法,在保持该类染料的显色、变色灵敏度和变色抗疲劳性等性能的基础上,提升了其耐光性能,耐光时间提高了8-28个小时,提升了50%-80%,解决了该类温敏材料在功能纺织品领域应用的主要问题,拓展了应用领域,有利于经济效益。
Description
本发明涉及一种耐光型荧烷类变色染料的制备及其应用,属于精细化工技术领域。
变色染料在材料表面或内部着色后,能赋予材料随光、热或其他物理因素等外界因素发生变色的特性。根据结构特征,变色染料主要有七类,分别为酚酞染料、荧烷染料、三芳甲烷类染料、吩嗪、噻嗪、醌类、四氮唑盐类和螺环吡喃类。
荧烷染料因其多响应特性(如温度响应、光响应、湿度响应、电致响应、pH响应和多刺激响应),被广泛应用于智能纺织品、装饰品、传感器、显示器等领域。然而,荧烷染料耐光性能较差,限制了其在长期户外产品中的开发和应用。因此,开发耐光型荧烷染料变色体系一直是研究的重点。
目前,紫外线吸收剂因对紫外光的吸收能力被引入热致变色微胶囊外壳或智能纺织品表面,达到保护染料结构免受光损伤的作用。例如Applied Surface Science 442(2018):71-77文章报道了以2-[3-(2H-苯并三唑-2-基)-4-羟基苯基]甲基丙烯酸乙酯(BHEM)、乙烯基三甲氧基硅烷(VTMS)和甲基丙烯酸六氟丁酯(HFMA)为改性单体,采用溶液聚合法成功制备了具有紫外线吸收性能的氟硅丙烯酸树脂聚合物,提升其耐光性能;中国专利CN114808472A采用乳液聚合法制备了核壳结构的温致变色微胶囊,其中微胶囊壳层聚合物具有抗紫外线特性,使得温致变色微胶囊褪色率比常规变色微胶囊低60.9%。然而,仅仅对荧烷染料进行简单的封装和涂层保护在改善其耐光性能方面不具有长效性。因此,除了借助外力提高耐光性,许多学者还尝试通过设计和优化分子结构来获得耐光性。例如,Dyes and Pigments 190(2021):109294文章中合成具有刚性分子结构的荧光阳离子香豆素染料以提高耐光性;Dyes and Pigments 197(2022):109924文章报道了一种含有长烷基链荧光团的荧烷染料,具有良好的耐光性能。所以,针对荧烷类变色染料的分子结构需要进行优化和设计使其获得优异的耐光性。
发明内容
【技术问题】
荧烷变色染料耐光性差,在太阳光下暴晒一周就失去了显色和变色能力,无法满足人们的使用要求。为此,需要设计并合成出具有耐光优良结构的荧烷变色染料。
【技术方案】
本发明主要设计了一种含有烷胺基的荧烷类变色染料,即在现有荧烷染料母体结构的基础上,引入烷胺基,利用其易发生团聚性能,改变染料分子结构的团聚状态,提升其耐光性
能。其中,烷基为不同碳原子个数的烷基链(C2-C12)、不同碳原子个数的环烷烃、含有一些极性基团的烷基烃类基团(极性基团如O、CO、NH、CO-NH等)。
本发明的第一个目的是提供一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料,其结构如下式Ⅰ所示:
其中:
R5、R6、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基、取代的氨基环己烷和卤素;
R7独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、氯基;
R10独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、N-环己烷基;
R1、R2、R3和R4中任选1-2个为不同碳原子个数的烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团(极性基团包括O(醚键)、CO(羰基)、NH(亚氨基)或者CO-NH2(酰胺基)等)的烷烃;剩余基团选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基和取代的杂环烷基中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述荧烷类变色染料结构通式如下式Ⅱ所示:
其中:
R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基和卤素;
R1和R4为H。
R2和R3独自选自氢、不同碳原子个数烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷烃(C2-C12);且R2和R3不同时为氢。
优选的,R2和R3独自选自氢或烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体、及其含有极性基团的烷
基(C2-C10);且R2和R3不同时为氢。
进一步优选的,R2或R3独自选自氢或烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体、及其含有羟基、羧基中任一种的烷基(C2-C10);且R2和R3不同时为氢。
本发明所提供的耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料在染料、纺织、服装、印刷、绘画领域的应用。
本发明第二个目的是提供一种提高变色材料耐晒性能的方法,所述方法是采用荧烷类变色染料对材料进行着色,所述荧烷类变色染料结构通式如下式Ⅲ所示:
其中:
R5、R6、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基、取代的氨基环己烷和卤素;
R7独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、氯基;
R10独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、N-环己烷基;
R1、R2、R3和R4中任选1-2个为不同碳原子个数的烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团(极性基团包括O(醚键)、CO(羰基)、NH(亚氨基)或者CO-NH2(酰胺基)等)的烷烃;剩余基团选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基和取代的杂环烷基中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述荧烷类变色染料结构通式如下式Ⅳ所示:
其中:
R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基和卤素;
R1和R4为H。
R2和R3独自选自氢、不同碳原子个数的烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷烃(C2-C12);且R2和R3不同时为氢。
优选的,R2和R3独自氢或烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体、及其含有极性基团的烷基(C2-C10);且R2和R3不同时为氢。
进一步优选的,R2或R3独自选自氢或烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体、及其含有羟基、羧基中任一种的烷基(C2-C10);且R2和R3不同时为氢。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述材料包括纺织材料、复合材料、显示材料、传感材料以及画材等。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述纺织材料是指纤维及纤维制品,包括纤维、纱线、织物、无纺布及其复合物。
本发明第三个目的是提供一种上述荧烷类变色染料的合成方法,包括以下步骤:
荧烷类变色染料结构中间体和烷基胺混合,再加入有机溶剂和催化剂,搅拌,调节pH为8~9,之后升温反应,待反应结束后,纯化,获得荧烷类变色染料。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述合成方法需要在保护气环境下进行。
在本发明的一种实施例中,保护气包括惰性气体、氮气中的一种或多种。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述荧烷类变色染料结构中间体的结构通式如下式Ⅴ所示:
其中:R3为卤素。
进一步的,卤素为Cl、Br、F。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述荧烷类变色染料结构中间体的结构通式还可以如下式Ⅵ所示:
其中:R2为卤素。
进一步的,卤素为Cl、Br、F。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述烷基胺中的烷基包括C2-C12直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷基烃类基团。
在本发明的一种实施例中,极性基团包括O(醚键)、CO(羰基)、NH(亚氨基)或者CO-NH2(酰胺基)。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述有机溶为甲苯。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述催化剂为五氧化二妮。
在本发明的一种实施例中,荧烷类变色染料结构中间体和烷基胺的摩尔比1:1~2。
在本发明的一种实施例中,荧烷类变色染料结构中间体的摩尔量和有机溶剂的体积之比为1mol:0.05~0.1mL。
在本发明的一种实施例中,荧烷类变色染料结构中间体和催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.5~0.7。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述升温反应为在75~85℃下,反应6~9h。
在本发明的一种实施例中,所述纯化可以使用柱层析法或气相色谱法进行纯化。
本发明第四个提供一种耐晒变色微胶囊,所述耐晒变色体微胶囊是以上述荧烷变色染料为芯材,以高分子聚合物、无机粒子或者无机粒子掺杂聚合物为壁材。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述变色体微胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
(1)预聚体的制备:取尿素和甲醛溶液混合,再加入三乙醇胺调节pH值为8~9,升温反应,得粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体;
(2)囊芯的分散:将上述荧烷变色染料、双酚A和溶剂混合,制得囊芯,然后取囊芯和水混合,剪切分散乳化,降温之后继续分散,形成O/W型乳化液;
(3)微胶囊化及其后处理:将粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体与O/W型乳化液混合,得到混合液,再加入氯化钠和二氧化硅,充分搅拌,然后在加入乙酸调pH为3~4,之后加热反应,待反应结束后冷却,洗涤、过滤、干燥后即得变色微胶囊。
进一步的,步骤(1)中所述加热反应为升温至70~80℃,反应1~2h。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,溶剂为十四醇和十六醇的混合液,混合的质量比为4~5:5~6。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,荧烷变色染料和双酚A的质量比为1:2~8。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,荧烷变色染料和溶剂的质量比为1:50~70。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,囊芯和水的体积比为1:4~7。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,剪切的速度为1000~3000r/min,时间为1~2h。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,所述剪切分散乳化是在60~70℃下进行的;所述的降温是降温到30~40℃。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(2)中,所述继续分散的时间为1~2h。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(3)中,粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体与O/W型乳化液的体积比为5~10:1。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(3)中,加入的氯化钠占混合液总质量的0.2~0.25wt%。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(3)中,加入的二氧化硅占混合液总质量的0.2~0.25wt%。
进一步的,上述制备方法的步骤(3)中,所述加热反应为在60~65℃下反应30~50min。
本发明提供的变色微胶囊在纺织、染色领域的应用。
本发明第五个提供一种耐晒变色织物的制备方法,所述方法是先利用以上述荧烷类变色染料制备的微胶囊制备温致变色色浆,然后再使用温致变色色浆对织物进行着色,最后获得具有耐晒性能的变色织物。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述织物包括纤维、棉织物、丝织物或聚酯纺织品。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述温致变色色浆的组成包括增稠剂、粘合剂、变色体微胶囊和水。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,增稠剂和粘合剂的质量比为1:5~15。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,增稠剂和变色体微胶囊的质量比为1:60~100。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,增稠剂和水的质量比为1:5~15。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,耐晒变色织物的制备过程为:
将织物固定,然后使用丝网印刷技术对其进行印花处理,再将印花织物在70~90℃下烘干,90~100℃条件下固化2~5min得到耐晒变色织物。
本发明提供根据上述方法制得一种具有耐晒性能的变色织物。
本发明提供的具有耐晒性能的变色织物在服装、纺织领域的应用。
本发明的有益效果:
本发明通过优化商品化荧烷染料的结构,提供一种全色谱、耐光性能好荧烷染料的制备方法,在保持该类染料的显色、变色灵敏度和变色抗疲劳性等性能的基础上,提升了其耐光性能,耐光时间提高了8-28个小时,提升了50%-80%,解决了该类温敏材料在功能纺织品领域应用的主要问题,拓展了应用领域,有利于经济效益。
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明,应当理解实施例是为了更好地解释本发明,不用于限制本发明。
1、实验材料
实施例中所采用的单体分别为4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐和间羟基-N,N-二乙基苯胺,CAS号分别为86-90-8和91-68-9,购于上海麦克林生化科技有限公司;其他化学品均为市售产品。
2、测试方法
(1)荧烷变色染料的耐晒性能测试:按美国AATCC TM16耐光牢度测试标准对自制染料相变材料的耐晒牢度进行测试,观测其颜色变化情况,并采用UltraScanXE电脑侧色仪测定其表观深度(K/S值),然后计算出平均值。测试时采用D65光源,观察角10°。
(2)褪色率:使用日晒气候试验机对变色织物进行人工模拟日晒老化,结合不同日晒时
间织物的K/S值,按照如下公式计算:
式中:K/S0是初始时织物的K/S值,K/St是t小时后织物的K/S值。
实施例1:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入摩尔比1:1.5的红1’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使红1’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对红1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料红1。
实施例2:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的红1’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使红1’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对红1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应
的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料红2。
实施例3:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的红2’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使红2’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对红2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂和50mL的甲苯有机溶剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料红3。
实施例4:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的红2’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使红2’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对红2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料红4。
实施例5:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黄1’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使黄1’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入加入对黄1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黄1。
实施例6:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黄1’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使黄1’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对黄1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黄2。
实施例7:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黄2’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使黄2’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对黄2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黄3。
实施例8:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黄2’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使黄2’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对黄2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黄4。
实施例9:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的蓝1’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使蓝1’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对蓝1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料蓝1。
实施例10:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的蓝1’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使蓝1’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对蓝1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获
得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料蓝2。
实施例11:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的蓝2’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使蓝2’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对蓝2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料蓝3。
实施例12:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的蓝2’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使蓝2’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对蓝2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获
得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料蓝4。
实施例13:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黑1’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使黑1’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对黑1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黑1。
实施例14:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黑1’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使黑1’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对黑1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黑2。
实施例15:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黑2’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使黑2’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对黑2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黑3。
实施例16:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的黑2’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使黑2’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对黑2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料黑4。
实施例17:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的绿1’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使绿1’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对绿1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料绿1。
实施例18:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的绿1’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使绿1’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对绿1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料绿2。
实施例19:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的绿2’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使绿2’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对绿2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料绿3。
实施例20:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的绿2’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使绿2’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对绿2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料绿4。
实施例21:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的橙1’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使橙1’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对橙1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料橙1。
实施例22:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的橙1’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使橙1’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对橙1’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料橙2。
实施例23:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的橙2’(其中R为-Cl)和辛氨,再加入甲苯使橙2’和辛氨的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对橙2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料橙3。
实施例24:一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料结构及其合成方法
在N2保护下向100mL三口烧瓶内加入加入摩尔比1:1.5的橙2’(其中R为-Cl)和丙烯酰胺,再加入甲苯使橙2’和丙烯酰胺的浓度分别为0.02mol/L和0.03mol/L,并加入对橙2’为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,然后使用三乙胺调节pH至8,持续机械搅拌,升温至80℃,反应8h,反应期间不断TLC检测(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10作为展开剂),当在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点(Rf:0.35)消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点(Rf:0.45)出现,即为反应的结束。之后采用MeOH和DCM(VMeOH:VDCM=1:10)作为洗脱溶剂,采用柱层析法纯化获得辛胺基取代的荧烷变色染料橙4。
实施例25:一种变色微胶囊
一种变色微胶囊的制备方法,所述方法包括以下步骤:
(1)预聚体的制备:取摩尔比为1:1的尿素和甲醛溶液放入三颈烧瓶内,搅拌使尿素溶解后滴加三乙醇胺调节pH值为8.5,缓慢升温至80℃,保持恒温反应1h,得粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体;
(2)囊芯的分散:所用囊芯即是热敏染料复配物,其组成为实施例1~24制得的荧烷变色染料:双酚A:溶剂(质量比)=1:4:60,其中溶剂是十四醇和十六醇的混合液,两者的体积比为4:6。取囊芯和水,体积比为1:5放入烧瓶内,在60℃水浴下用高速剪切分散机以2000r/min的速度乳化分散1h,再转入30℃水浴下继续分散1h,形成O/W型乳化液;
(3)微胶囊化及其后处理:将粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体与O/W型乳化液按7:1的体积比混合,得到混合液,再加入占混合液总质量0.5wt%的氯化钠和二氧化硅混合物,其中氯化钠和二氧化硅的质量比为1:1,充分搅拌,然后在40℃条件下缓慢加入乙酸调pH为3,反应1h,后加热至65℃继续反应30min,之后冷却至室温,洗涤、过滤、干燥后即得变色微胶囊。
实施例26:一种耐晒变色织物的制备方法
用根据实施例25由实施例1~24合成的荧烷变色染料制得的变色微胶囊对织物进行染色,染色条件为将增稠剂、粘结剂、80%变色微胶囊和去离子水,按质量比为1:10:80:9共混,搅拌30min制备温致变色色浆。将织物固定,然后使用丝网印刷技术对其进行印花处理,再将印花织物在80℃烘箱中烘干,100℃条件下固化5min得到耐晒变色织物。
对比例1:罗丹明B的合成及提纯
在N2保护下加入2.96g邻苯二甲酸酐和6.61g间羟基-N,N-二乙基苯胺,并加入对邻苯二甲酸酐为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,之后持续搅拌并升温至160℃,反应3h,反应期间不断TLC检测,并在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点出现,即为反应的结束。之后破碎固体,用热饱和食盐水洗涤两次固体,用甲醇溶解过滤除去催化剂后旋蒸浓缩有机相。加入二氧化硅柱层析粉搅匀,旋蒸干燥,经柱层析分离提纯可得到罗丹明B。
对比例2:氨基荧烷染料的合成及提纯
在N2保护下加入3.26g 4-氨基邻苯二甲酸酐和6.61g间羟基-N,N-二乙基苯胺,并加入对4-氨基邻苯二甲酸酐为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,之后持续搅拌并升温至160℃,反应3h,反应期间不断TLC检测,并在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点消失且有新的橙黄色荧光点出现,即为反应的结束。之后破碎固体,用热饱和食盐水洗涤两次固体,用甲醇溶解过滤除去催化剂后旋蒸浓缩有机相。加入二氧化硅柱层析粉搅匀,旋蒸干燥,经柱层析分离提纯可得到5-氨代荧烷染料。
对比例3:5-溴代红系荧烷染料的合成及提纯
在N2保护下加入4.54g 4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐和6.61g间羟基-N,N-二乙基苯胺,并加入对4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐为50%摩尔当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,之后持续搅拌并升温至160℃,反应3h,反应期间不断TLC检测,并在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点消失且有新的荧光点出现,即为反应的结束。之后破碎固体,用热饱和食盐水洗涤两次固体,用甲醇溶解过滤除去催化剂后旋蒸浓缩有机相。加入二氧化硅柱层析粉搅匀,旋蒸干燥,经柱层析分离提纯可得到5-溴代红系荧烷染料。
对比例4:5-溴代黄系荧烷染料的合成及提纯
在N2保护下加入4.54g 4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐和2.48g间甲氧基苯酚,并加入对4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐为50%mol当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,之后持续搅拌并升温至160℃,反应3h,反应期间不断TLC检测,并在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点消失且有新的荧光点出现,即为反应的结束。之后破碎固体,用热饱和食盐水洗涤两次固体,用甲醇溶解过滤除去催化剂后旋蒸浓缩有机相。加入二氧化硅柱层析粉搅匀,旋蒸干燥,经柱层析分离提纯可得到5-溴代黄系荧烷染料。
对比例5:5-溴代蓝系荧烷染料的合成及提纯
在N2保护下加入4.54g 4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐和11.61g间羟基-N,N-二对甲苯基苯胺,并加入对4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐为50%mol当量的五氧化二妮催化剂,之后持续搅拌并升温至160℃,反应3h,反应期间不断TLC检测,并在365波段的紫外暗箱中发现原料点消失且有新的荧光点出现,即为反应的结束。之后破碎固体,用热饱和食盐水洗涤两次固体,用甲醇溶解过滤除去催化剂后旋蒸浓缩有机相。加入二氧化硅柱层析粉搅匀,旋蒸干燥,经柱层析分离提纯可得到5-溴代黄系荧烷染料。
对比例6:5-溴代黑系荧烷染料的合成及提纯
步骤(1):在氮气的环境气氛中,取0.662g间羟基-N,N-二乙基苯胺和0.908g 4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐(摩尔比为1:1),加入50mL甲苯溶剂和0.5g五氧化二妮催化剂,升温至回流然后反应4小时。反应结束后将混合物冷却至50℃,并向混合物中加入5mL的35% NaOH水溶液。然后将混合物加热至90℃,并保温6小时。最后将混合物倒入冰中,用浓盐酸酸化所得到的混合物,之后在室温下放置2小时。过滤悬浮液,使固体从乙醇中重结晶,把固体烘干后便可得到中间体1。
步骤(2):按摩尔比1:1.5称量0.392g中间体1和0.263g ODB-1,在50mL甲苯溶剂中搅拌均匀,加入0.5g五氧化二妮催化剂,然后将混合物升温至回流,反应5h,过程中分去生成的水分,反应结束后所得有机相与20mL25% NaOH水溶液浓缩回收溶剂,残余物用乙醇重结晶,得到5-溴代黑系荧烷染料。
对比例7:5-溴代绿系荧烷染料的合成及提纯
步骤(1):在氮气的环境气氛中,取0.662g间羟基-N,N-二乙基苯胺和0.908g 4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐(摩尔比为1:1),随后加入50mL甲苯溶剂和0.5g五氧化二妮催化剂,升温至回流然后反应4小时。反应结束后将混合物冷却至50℃,并向混合物中加入5mL 35% NaOH水溶液。然后将混合物加热至90℃,并保温6小时。最后将混合物倒入冰中,用浓盐酸酸化所得到的混合物,让得到的混合物在室温下放置2小时。过滤悬浮液,使固体从乙醇中重结晶,把固体烘干后便可得到中间体2。
步骤(2):按摩尔比1:1.5称量0.392g中间体2和0.254g ODB-2,在50mL甲苯溶剂中搅拌均匀,加入0.5g五氧化二妮催化剂,然后将混合物升温至回流,反应5h,过程中分去生成的水分,反应结束后所得有机相与20mL25% NaOH水溶液25%浓缩回收溶剂,残余物用乙醇重结晶,得到5-溴代绿系荧烷染料。
对比例8:5-溴代橙系荧烷染料的合成及提纯
步骤(1):在氮气的环境气氛中,取0.384gPSD-1和0.454g4-溴邻苯二甲酸酐(摩尔比1:1),加入50mL甲苯溶剂和0.5g五氧化二妮催化剂,升温至回流然后反应4小时。反应结束后将混合物冷却至50℃,并向混合物中加入适量的35% NaOH水溶液。然后将混合物加热至90℃,并保温6小时。最后将混合物倒入冰中,用浓盐酸酸化所得到的混合物,让得到的混合物在室温下放置2小时。过滤悬浮液,使固体从乙醇中重结晶,把固体烘干后便可得到中间体3。
步骤(2):按摩尔比1:1.5称量0.419g中间体3和0.167g ODB-3,在50mL甲苯溶剂中搅拌均匀,加入0.5g五氧化二妮催化剂,然后将混合物升温至回流,反应5h,过程中分去生成的水分,反应结束后所得有机相与适量的25%浓缩回收溶剂,残余物用乙醇重结晶得到5-溴代橙系荧烷染料。
对比例9:6-酰胺基取代橙系荧烷染料变色荧烷染料
步骤(1):取50mmol 3-(二乙氨基)苯酚、25mmol 3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐加入到50mL的氯苯,完全溶解后,加入25mmol三氟甲烷磺酸。然后在135℃油浴锅中预热,在氮气的环境气氛中,回流反应2天,待反应完成后,冷却至室温,旋蒸法去除溶剂。以二氯甲烷/甲醇洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到紫红色粉末,即产物ph-NO2。
步骤(2):取1mmol ph-NO2,20mg Pd/C,4mL乙酸乙酯,放入三口烧瓶中。1.5mmol H3PO2和4.5mmol NaH2PO2·H2O均匀溶解在4mL H2O中后,倒入上述三口烧瓶中。然后将三口烧瓶放入85℃油浴锅中反应5h,冷却至室温后,用二氯甲烷提取。提取后的产物在无水硫酸钠中干燥,然后用石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到粉红色粉末,即产物ph-NH2。
步骤(3):2mmol ph-NH2,3mmol三乙胺溶解在10mLDCM中;冰水浴缓慢滴加l2mmol丙酰氯,室温下反应2h,旋蒸去除溶剂,将石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺作为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到淡粉色粉末,即最终产物红色目标荧烷染料。
对比例10:6-酰胺基取代变色荧烷染料
步骤(1):50mmol 3-(二乙氨基)苯酚、25mmol 3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐加入到装有50mL氯苯的三口烧瓶中,完全溶解后,加入25mmo1三氟甲烷磺酸。然后将三口烧瓶放入135℃油浴锅中预热,在氮气的环境气氛中,回流反应2天,反应完成后,冷却至室温,旋蒸法去
除溶剂。以二氯甲烷/甲醇为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到紫红色粉末,即产物ph-NO2。
步骤(2):l mmol ph-NO2,20mg Pd/C,4mL乙酸乙酯(EtOAc),放入三口烧瓶中。1.5mmol H3PO2和4.5mmol NaH2PO2·H2O均匀溶解在4mLH2O中后,倒入上述三口烧瓶中。然后将三口烧瓶放入85℃油浴锅中反应5h,冷却至室温后,用二氯甲烷提取。提取后的产物在无水硫酸钠中干燥,然后用石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到粉红色粉末,即产物ph-NH2。
步骤(3):2mmol ph-NH2,3mmol三乙胺溶解在10mLDCM中;冰水浴缓慢滴加12mmol苯乙酰氯,室温下反应2h,旋蒸去除溶剂,将石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺作为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到淡粉色粉末,即最终产物红色目标荧烷染料。
对比例11:6-苯酰胺基取代变色荧烷染料
步骤(1):50mmol 3-(二乙氨基)苯酚、25mmol 3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐加入50mL氯苯中,完全溶解后,加入25mmo1三氟甲烷磺酸。然后放入135℃油浴锅中预热,在氮气的环境气氛中,回流反应2天,反应完成后,冷却至室温,旋蒸法去除溶剂。以二氯甲烷/甲醇为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到紫红色粉末,即产物ph-NO2。
步骤(2):1mmol ph-NO2,20mg Pd/C,4mL乙酸乙酯,放入三口烧瓶中。1.5mmol H3PO2,和4.5mmol NaH2PO2·H2O均匀溶解在4mL H2O中后,倒入上述三口烧瓶中。然后将三口烧瓶放入85℃油浴锅中反应5h,冷却至室温后,用二氯甲烷提取。提取后的产物在无水硫酸钠中干燥,然后用石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到粉红色粉末,即产物ph-NH2。
步骤(3):2mmol ph-NH2,3mmol三乙胺溶解在10mLDCM中;冰水浴缓慢滴加l2mmol苯甲酰氯,室温下反应2h,旋蒸去除溶剂,将石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺作为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到淡粉色粉末,即最终产物红色目标荧烷染料。
对比例12:一种双稳态电致变色荧烷染料
具体合成及提纯见专利《一种双稳态电致变色荧烷染料及其器件的制备方法》。
步骤(1):50mmol 3-(二乙氨基)苯酚、25mmol 3-硝基邻苯二甲酸酐加入50mL氯苯中,完全溶解后,加入25mmo1三氟甲烷磺酸。然后放入135℃油浴锅中预热,在氮气的环境气氛中,回流反应2天,反应完成后,冷却至室温,旋蒸法去除溶剂。以二氯甲烷/甲醇为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到紫红色粉末,即产物ph-NO2。
步骤(2):1mmol ph-NO2,20mg Pd/C,4mL乙酸乙酯,放入三口烧瓶中。1.5mmol H3PO2,和4.5mmol NaH2PO2·H2O均匀溶解在4mL H2O中后,倒入上述三口烧瓶中。然后将三口烧瓶放入85℃油浴锅中反应5h,冷却至室温后,用二氯甲烷提取。提取后的产物在无水硫酸钠中干燥,然后用石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到粉红色粉末,即产物ph-NH2。
步骤(3):2mmol ph-NH2,3mmol三乙胺溶解在10mL DCM中;冰水浴缓慢滴加l2mmol对硝基苯甲酰氯,室温下反应2h,旋蒸去除溶剂,将石油醚/乙酸乙酯/三乙胺作为洗脱剂进行柱层析,得到淡粉色粉末,即最终产物红色目标荧烷染料。
表1荧烷染料耐日晒性能测试
结果显示:在荧烷类变色染料的结构中R2和R3独自选自氢、乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体及其含有极性基团如OH(羟基),COOH(羧基),NH(氨基),CO-NH2(酰氨基)的烷基;且R2和R3不同时为氢,染料耐晒性能都会相应有所提升。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
Claims (25)
- 一种耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料,其特征在于,结构如下式Ⅰ所示:
其中:R5、R6、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基、取代的氨基环己烷和卤素;R7独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、氯基;R10独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、N-环己烷基;R1、R2、R3和R4中任选1-2个为不同碳原子个数的烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷烃;剩余基团选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基和取代的杂环烷基中的一种或多种。 - 根据权利要求1中所述的荧烷类变色染料,其特征在于,所述荧烷类变色染料结构通式如下式Ⅱ所示:
其中:R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基和卤素;R1和R4为H;R2和R3独自选自氢、不同碳原子个数的烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷烃;且R2和R3不同时为氢。 - 根据权利要求2中所述的荧烷类变色染料,其特征在于,R2和R3独自选自氢或者烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体或含有极性基团的烷烃;且R2和R3不同时为氢。
- 根据权利要求3中所述的荧烷类变色染料,其特征在于,R2或R3独自选自氢或者烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体或含有羟基、羧基中任一种的烷基;且R2和R3不同时为氢。
- 权利要求1~4任一项所述的耐光性能良好的荧烷类变色染料在染料、纺织、服装、印刷、绘画领域的应用。
- 一种提高变色材料耐晒性能的方法,其特征在于,所述方法是采用荧烷类变色染料对材料进行着色,所述荧烷类变色染料结构通式如下式Ⅲ所示:
其中:R5、R6、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基、取代的氨基环己烷和卤素;R7独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、氯基;R10独立选自N,N-二乙基、甲氧基、N,N-二(对甲苯)基、N-环己烷基;R1、R2、R3和R4中任选1-2个为不同碳原子个数的烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷烃;剩余基团选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基和取代的杂环烷基中的一种或多种。 - 根据权利要求6中所述的方法,其特征在于,所述荧烷类变色染料结构通式如下式Ⅳ所示:
其中:R5、R6、R7、R8、R9、R11和R12各自独立选自氢、烷基、取代的烷基、烯基、取代的烯基、杂环烷基、取代的杂环烷基、烷氧基、取代的烷氧基、取代的羰基、酰基氨基和卤素;R1和R4为H;R2和R3独自选自氢、不同碳原子个数的烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基为碳原子数为C2-C12的直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷烃;且R2和R3不同时为氢。 - 根据权利要求7中所述的方法,其特征在于,R2和R3独自选自氢或烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体、及其含有极性基团的烷基;且R2和R3不同时为氢。
- 根据权利要求8中所述的方法,其特征在于,R2或R3选自选自氢或烷胺基,其中烷胺基中烷基包括乙基、丙基及异丙基、丁基及其同分异构体、戊基及其同分异构体、己基及其同分异构体、庚基及其同分异构体、辛基及其同分异构体、壬基及其同分异构体、癸基及其同分异构体、及其含有羟基、羧基中任一种的烷基;且R2和R3不同时为氢。
- 根据权利要求6~9任一项所述的方法,其特征在于,所述材料包括纺织材料、复合材料、显示材料、传感材料以及画材等。
- 根据权利要求10中所述的方法,其特征在于,所述纺织材料是指纤维及纤维制品,包括纤维、纱线、织物、无纺布及其复合物。
- 一种权利要求1~4任一项所述的荧烷类变色染料的合成方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:荧烷类变色染料结构中间体和烷基胺混合,再加入有机溶剂和催化剂,搅拌,调节pH为8~9,之后升温反应,待反应结束后,纯化,获得荧烷类变色染料。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述合成方法需要在保护气环境下进行。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述荧烷类变色染料结构中间体的结构通式如下式Ⅴ所示:
其中:R3为卤素。 - 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述荧烷类变色染料结构中间体的结构通式还可以如下式Ⅵ所示:
其中:R2为卤素。 - 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述烷基胺中的烷基包括C2-C12直链烷烃、环烷烃或者含有极性基团的烷基烃类基团。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述有机溶为甲苯;所述催化剂为五氧化二妮。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,荧烷类变色染料结构中间体和烷基胺的摩尔比1:1~2;荧烷类变色染料结构中间体的摩尔量和有机溶剂的体积之比为1mol:0.05~0.1 mL;荧烷类变色染料结构中间体和催化剂的摩尔比为1:0.5~0.7。
- 根据权利要求12所述的方法,其特征在于,所述升温反应为在75~85℃下,反应6~9h。
- 一种耐晒变色微胶囊,其特征在于所述耐晒变色体微胶囊是以权利要求1~4任一项所述的荧烷变色染料为芯材,以高分子聚合物、无机粒子或者无机粒子掺杂聚合物为壁材。
- 根据权利要求20所述的耐晒变色微胶囊,其特征在于,所述变色体微胶囊的制备方法,包括以下步骤:(1)预聚体的制备:取尿素和甲醛溶液混合,再加入三乙醇胺调节pH值为8~9,升温反应,得粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体;(2)囊芯的分散:将上述荧烷变色染料、双酚A和溶剂混合,制得囊芯,然后取囊芯和水混合,剪切分散乳化,降温之后继续分散,形成O/W型乳化液;(3)微胶囊化及其后处理:将粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体与O/W型乳化液混合,得到混合液,再加入氯化钠和二氧化硅,充分搅拌,然后在加入乙酸调pH为3~4,之后加热反应,待反应结束后冷却,洗涤、过滤、干燥后即得变色微胶囊。
- 根据权利要求21所述的耐晒变色微胶囊,其特征在于,步骤(2)中,溶剂为十四醇和十六醇的混合液,混合的质量比为4~5:5~6;荧烷变色染料和双酚A的质量比为1:2~8;荧烷变色染料和溶剂的质量比为1:50~70;囊芯和水的体积比为1:4~7。
- 根据权利要求21所述的耐晒变色微胶囊,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,粘稠透明脲-甲醛预聚体与O/W型乳化液的体积比为5~10:1;氯化钠占混合液总质量的0.2~0.25wt%;二氧化硅占混合液总质量的0.2~0.25wt%。
- 权利要求20~23任一项所述的变色微胶囊在纺织、染色领域的应用。
- 一种耐晒变色织物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述方法是先利用权利要求20~23任一项所述的变色微胶囊制备温致变色色浆,然后再使用温致变色色浆对织物进行着色,最后获得具有耐晒性能的变色织物;所述温致变色色浆的组成包括增稠剂、粘合剂、变色体微胶囊和水;增稠剂和粘合剂的质量比为1:5~15;增稠剂和变色体微胶囊的质量比为1:60~100;增稠剂和水的质量比为1:5~15。
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