WO2024114741A1 - Electric vehicle and battery swapping method for electric vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Provided are an electric vehicle and a battery swapping method. The electric vehicle comprises a vehicle body (1) and battery swapping packs (2). At least one battery swapping pack (2) is respectively mounted on each of two sides of the vehicle body (1) along a width direction of the vehicle body (1); the battery swapping packs (2) move horizontally between a locking position and an unlocking position; moreover, when the battery swapping packs (2) are located at the locking position, a first locking mechanism (3) cooperates with a second locking mechanism (4) to lock the battery swapping packs (2) on the vehicle body (1). By means of arranging the battery swapping packs (2) on the two sides of the vehicle body (1) respectively, the difficulty in terms of battery swapping caused by an extremely great volume weight of a single battery pack is avoided, thereby balancing loads on the two sides of the vehicle body, and lowering load-bearing requirements of the locking mechanisms. By means of the locking mechanism for locking in the horizontal direction, when the battery packs are located at the locking position, moving components of the locking mechanisms are prevented from bearing the loads, thereby increasing connection firmness and stability of the battery packs and the electric vehicle. In addition, when one battery pack is damaged, normal operation of the vehicle is ensured due to the presence of the other battery packs.

Description

Electric vehicle and battery replacement method for electric vehicle

This application claims the priority of the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 1, 2022, with application number 202211531864.7, and invention name “Related devices and working methods applied to battery swapping equipment and battery swapping vehicles”, as well as the priority of the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on December 30, 2022, with application number 202211733339.3, and invention name “An electric vehicle and a battery swapping method for an electric vehicle”, all of which are incorporated by reference in this application.

Technical Field

The present application relates to the field of new energy vehicle technology, and in particular to an electric vehicle and a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle.

Background technique

At present, electric commercial vehicles, such as electric trucks, are gradually appearing in many application scenarios. For these vehicles, since electric trucks and other commercial vehicles have a large demand for battery pack capacity and the battery pack charging time is too long, no matter what kind of battery pack is currently used, fast charging will greatly reduce the capacity and service life of the battery pack, and even the so-called fast charging takes nearly half an hour, and the charging cost will also increase greatly during peak hours, and affect the efficiency of electric heavy trucks.

Based on the above reasons, the battery swap model came into being. Compared with charging, firstly, battery swap can save a lot of time, and secondly, battery swap can avoid peak electricity consumption for charging.

At present, in the relevant technical solutions, the whole battery pack is generally installed on the vehicle body. However, the common problem is that the battery pack is heavy and the installation position is too concentrated, which easily affects the battery replacement and also requires a high load-bearing capacity of the locking mechanism on the electric vehicle.

Summary of the invention

The technical problem to be solved by the present application is to improve the utilization of the installation space of an electric vehicle battery replacement pack, and to provide an electric vehicle and a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle.

The present application solves the above-mentioned technical problems through the following technical solutions: an electric vehicle is provided, comprising a body and a battery pack, wherein at least one battery pack is installed on each side of the body along the width direction of the body, and at least one battery pack is a battery replacement battery pack detachably connected to the body; wherein a first locking mechanism is provided on the body, and the battery replacement battery pack is provided with a second locking mechanism cooperating with the first locking mechanism, and the battery replacement battery pack moves between a locking position and an unlocking position along the width direction of the body, and when the battery replacement battery pack is in the locking position, the first locking mechanism cooperates with the second locking mechanism to lock the battery replacement battery pack to the body.

The present application moves the battery pack along the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack can be closer to the vehicle body after installation to optimize the space between the battery pack and the vehicle body in the width direction, and also make the battery pack meet the design specifications in its length direction (with the front-to-back structure of the vehicle body 1). The safety distance of the battery pack, such as wheels, increases the flexibility of the battery swap location setting and the maximum length.

Furthermore, the vehicle body includes a vehicle beam; the first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle beam, and the battery replacement battery pack is detachably installed on the vehicle beam.

Furthermore, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the side and/or bottom of the vehicle beam.

Furthermore, the vehicle body includes a vehicle beam and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected to the vehicle beam, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack bracket, and the battery-changing battery pack is detachably mounted on the battery pack bracket.

Furthermore, the first locking mechanism is disposed at at least one of the top, side and bottom of the battery pack bracket.

Furthermore, the vehicle body includes a vehicle beam and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected to the vehicle beam, and the battery pack can be detachably mounted on the battery pack bracket; the battery pack bracket includes:

A beam connecting portion connected to the beam;

A locking mounting portion connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion, the locking mounting portion extending outwardly along the width direction of the vehicle body;

Wherein, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the locking installation portion.

Furthermore, there are a plurality of first locking structures, and the plurality of first locking structures are arranged at intervals on the locking mounting portion along the width direction of the vehicle body.

Furthermore, a first connector is provided on the side of the battery pack facing the vehicle beam, and the vehicle body is provided with a second connector that cooperates with the first connector; the first connector is connected to the second connector to achieve electrical connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.

Furthermore, the vehicle body also includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector, and the connector mounting portion is arranged on the side or below the vehicle beam.

Furthermore, the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of beam connection parts arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body; the upper part of the beam connection part is connected to the beam, and the lower part of the beam connection part extends to the bottom of the beam; the two ends of the connector mounting part are respectively connected to the lower parts of adjacent beam connection parts.

Furthermore, a middle portion of the connector mounting portion is folded toward the inner side of the vehicle beam to form a connector mounting area, and the second connector is arranged in the connector mounting area.

Furthermore, the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of locking mounting portions arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body; the battery pack bracket also includes a fourth reinforcement portion, and both ends of the fourth reinforcement portion are respectively connected to adjacent locking mounting portions.

Further, in the height direction of the vehicle body, the top end of the fourth reinforcement portion is higher than the top end of the locking mounting portion.

Furthermore, the battery pack bracket also includes a protective plate, which is located at least on one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the vehicle body, and is connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion and/or the locking mounting portion.

Furthermore, battery replacement packs are installed on both sides of the vehicle body.

Furthermore, the battery pack bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket, the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle beam, and the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively installed with at least one Replacement battery pack.

Furthermore, the first locking structure includes a lock base and a locking portion, the lock base is provided with a lock slot extending along the moving direction of the battery replacement battery pack, and the locking portion can be moved into the lock slot; the second locking mechanism is a lock shaft provided on the battery replacement battery pack; when the battery replacement battery pack is in the locking position, the locking portion locks the lock shaft in the lock slot.

Further, the lock slot includes a connected horizontal section and a vertical section; wherein, when the lock shaft is located at one end where the horizontal section and the vertical section are connected, the battery replacement battery pack is located at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft is located at the other end of the horizontal section, the battery replacement battery pack is located at the locking position.

Optionally, one end of the lock shaft is connected to the battery pack, so that the lock shaft is arranged in a cantilever manner as a whole, and the outer end of the lock shaft is convenient for entering the lock slot;

Optionally, the lock shaft is installed on the battery pack through a mounting bracket, and the two ends of the lock shaft are respectively connected to the mounting bracket. The present application supports the lock shaft at both ends of the mounting bracket, which can make the lock shaft more evenly stressed and more stable to use.

Furthermore, a first connector is provided on the top and/or side of the battery replacement battery pack, and the vehicle body is provided with a second connector that cooperates with the first connector; the first connector is connected to the second connector to achieve electrical connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery replacement battery pack and the vehicle body.

Further, when the battery-swap battery pack is in the locking position, the first locking mechanism is located at the side and/or top of the battery-swap battery pack; the second locking mechanism is arranged at the side and/or top of the battery-swap battery pack.

Furthermore, the vehicle beam includes two supporting beam bodies spaced apart along the width direction of the vehicle body; the vehicle body also includes a first reinforcement portion, and two ends of the first reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the two supporting beam bodies.

Further, the battery pack bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle beam, and the battery pack bracket also includes a second reinforcement part;

Optionally, the second reinforcement portion passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam, and the two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the space under the beam can be used to reinforce the connection between the first bracket and the second bracket, especially the first bracket and the second bracket have a portion extending from the lower side of the vehicle beam for reinforcement connection, so that the structure of the first bracket and the second bracket is more stable;

Optionally, the second reinforcement portion passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam, and the two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the space on the beam can be used to reinforce the connection between the first bracket and the second bracket. In some embodiments, when there is an installation space on the beam, the installation space can be used, and the second reinforcement portion can also be provided with an installation structure of other structural components, such as fixing of a battery pack to a vehicle body connecting pipeline, etc.;

Optionally, the second reinforcement portion passes through the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, so that the connection position of the second reinforcement portion between the first bracket and the second bracket can be optimized;

Optionally, the vehicle beam includes two support beams spaced apart in the width direction of the vehicle body, the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively connected to the two support beams, and the two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the first bracket and the second bracket on the two support beams, so that the second reinforcement portion directly acts on the battery pack installation position, and the first bracket and the second bracket are reinforced while the vehicle beam is reinforced. Fixed.

Furthermore, the second reinforcement portion includes horizontal reinforcement bars arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vehicle body and vertical reinforcement bars connecting adjacent horizontal reinforcement bars; wherein the middle portion of the horizontal reinforcement bars located on the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in a direction away from the vehicle beam.

Furthermore, the vehicle body also includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector; the battery pack bracket also includes a third reinforcement portion; and both ends of the third reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the connector mounting portions on both sides of the vehicle body.

Furthermore, a guide portion is provided on the top of the battery replacement battery pack or on the side facing the vehicle body, and the vehicle body cooperates with the guide portion along the moving direction of the battery replacement battery pack.

Furthermore, in the vertical direction, a plurality of first locking mechanisms are provided at intervals on the vehicle body, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms are provided at intervals on the battery replacement battery pack.

Furthermore, the vehicle body also includes a protective plate, and in the length direction of the vehicle body, the protective plate is located at least on one side of the battery pack.

Furthermore, at least one outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or arc chamfer.

Furthermore, in the length direction of the vehicle body, the linear or arc-shaped chamfer is arranged toward the front direction of the electric vehicle.

The present application also provides a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, which is applied to any of the above electric vehicles, comprising:

Control the battery swapping equipment to move to the preset position corresponding to the battery swapping battery pack on the electric vehicle;

Controlling the battery replacement equipment to remove the battery replacement battery pack on the vehicle body;

And/or, control the battery replacement equipment to install the battery replacement battery pack onto the vehicle body.

Furthermore, a battery replacement battery pack is installed on both sides of the vehicle body, the number of the battery replacement device is one, and the step of controlling the battery replacement device to move to a preset position corresponding to the battery replacement battery pack on the electric vehicle includes:

After the battery replacement on one side of the vehicle body is completed, the battery replacement equipment is controlled to move to a preset position corresponding to the battery replacement battery pack on the other side of the vehicle body.

Furthermore, battery replacement packs are installed on both sides of the vehicle body, and there are multiple battery replacement devices. The step of controlling the battery replacement device to move to a preset position corresponding to the battery replacement pack on the electric vehicle includes:

Control the multiple battery replacement devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the multiple battery replacement battery packs respectively.

Furthermore, the step of controlling the battery replacement equipment to remove the battery replacement battery pack on the vehicle body includes:

Controlling the battery-changing device to unlock the battery-changing battery pack so that the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are released from the mating state;

Controlling the battery replacement device to drive the battery pack to move in a horizontal direction so that the battery pack moves to an unlocked position;

Control the battery exchange equipment to drive the battery exchange battery pack to separate from the vehicle body.

Furthermore, the step of controlling the battery replacement equipment to install the battery replacement battery pack onto the vehicle body includes:

Controlling the battery replacement device to drive the battery pack to move to an unlocked position;

Control the battery exchange equipment to drive the battery exchange battery pack to move horizontally to a locking position so that the first locking mechanism cooperates with the second locking mechanism.

The positive progressive effect of the present application is that it provides an electric vehicle and a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, and by arranging battery packs on both sides of the vehicle body respectively, it avoids the difficulty of battery replacement caused by the excessive volume and weight of a single battery pack, balances the load on both sides of the vehicle body, reduces the load-bearing requirements of the locking mechanism, and uses the locking mechanism that locks in the horizontal direction to prevent the movable parts of the locking mechanism from bearing when the battery pack is in the locked position, thereby improving the firmness and stability of the connection between the battery pack and the electric vehicle; on the other hand, when one of the battery packs is damaged, the existence of other battery packs ensures the normal operation of the electric vehicle.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an electric vehicle provided in an embodiment of the present application;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the embodiment shown in FIG1 after removing the battery pack for replacement;

FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a structure of a battery pack in the embodiment shown in FIG1 ;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a battery pack bracket in another embodiment of the present application.

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery replacement pack corresponding to the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the top view of the structure of the example in FIG. 4 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a first locking mechanism provided in the present application in a locked state.

FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of a first locking mechanism provided in the present application in an unlocked state.

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack bracket, battery replacement battery pack, and vehicle beam after coordination in another embodiment of the present application.

FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the partially enlarged structure of the battery replacement battery pack in FIG9 .

FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack bracket and the battery replacement battery pack after they are matched in the embodiment shown in FIG9 .

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery pack bracket in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 .

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery replacement battery pack in the embodiment shown in FIG. 9 .

FIG. 14 is a schematic side sectional view of the first locking mechanism in FIG. 9 .

Description of Reference Numerals

Vehicle body 1; vehicle beam 101; support beam body 1011; first reinforcement part 1012; first bracket 1021; second bracket 1022; second reinforcement part 1023; horizontal reinforcement rod 10231; vertical reinforcement rod 10232; third reinforcement part 103; connector mounting part 1024; vehicle beam connecting part 104; locking mounting part 105;

Battery replacement pack 2; first locking mechanism 3; lock base 301; locking portion 302; second locking mechanism 4; lock shaft 401; mounting bracket 402;

Locking groove 5; horizontal section 501; vertical section 502; first connector 6; second connector 7;

Guide rib 801 ; guide surface 802 ; guide fold 803 ; protection plate 9 ; connector mounting area 10 ; fourth reinforcement portion 12 .

Detailed ways

The present application is further described below by way of examples, but the present application is not limited to the scope of the examples.

The embodiment of the present application provides an electric vehicle, and its implementation is described in accordance with the examples shown in Figures 1-14. It should be understood that the implementation methods provided by the present application include but are not limited to the forms shown in Figures 1-14, including A vehicle body 1 and a battery pack, with at least one battery pack installed on each side of the vehicle body 1 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, wherein at least one battery pack is a battery replacement pack 2 detachably connected to the vehicle body 1; wherein a first locking mechanism 3 is provided on the vehicle body 1, and the battery replacement battery pack 2 is provided with a second locking mechanism 4 cooperating with the first locking mechanism 3, and the battery replacement battery pack 2 moves between a locked position and an unlocked position in a horizontal direction, and when the battery replacement battery pack 2 is in the locked position, the first locking mechanism 3 cooperates with the second locking mechanism 4 to lock the battery replacement battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1.

The electric vehicle of the present application installs battery packs in the width direction of the vehicle body 1 respectively, so as to achieve the setting mode of installing the battery packs on the side of the vehicle body 1, so that multiple battery packs can provide electric energy to the electric vehicle at the same time, and the battery packs are distributed on the side of the vehicle body panel, and the space on the side of the vehicle body 1 can be utilized. Moreover, by providing a battery-swap battery pack 2 and moving the battery-swap battery pack 2 in the horizontal direction to achieve locking and unlocking, the battery pack can be operated by horizontal movement on the side of the vehicle body 1 to facilitate loading or removing the battery pack on the side of the vehicle body 1, and after the battery-swap battery pack 2 is moved in the horizontal direction to the locked position, it is difficult for the battery-swap battery pack 2 to move to the unlocked position without applying external force to move the battery-swap battery pack 2, so that the battery-swap battery pack 2 is stably connected in the use state and is not prone to connection failure.

By moving the battery pack 2 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the battery pack 2 can be moved closer to the vehicle body 1 after installation to optimize the space between the battery pack 2 and the vehicle body 1 in the width direction, and the battery pack 2 can also be made to meet the design specifications in the length direction (safe distance from the front and rear structures of the vehicle body 1, such as wheels) to increase the flexibility and maximum length of the battery pack 2. In some embodiments, as shown in the figure, a second connector 7 can be set on the inside of the vehicle body to complete the connection between the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 when the battery pack 2 moves along the width direction of the vehicle body 1.

As an implementation of the present application, as shown in the embodiments of FIG. 1 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 9 , for the setting of the first locking mechanism 3, in a preferred embodiment, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle beam 101; the first locking mechanism 3 is provided on the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack 2 is detachably mounted on the vehicle beam 101. By directly mounting the battery pack 2 on the vehicle beam 101 through the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4, the connection between the battery pack 2 and the vehicle body 1 can be made more stable.

In the implementation of the first locking mechanism 3 being arranged on the vehicle beam 101, the installation position of the first locking mechanism 3 includes but is not limited to the following embodiments: first, the first locking mechanism 3 is arranged on the side of the vehicle beam 101. By arranging the first locking mechanism 3 on the side of the vehicle beam 101, the second locking mechanism 4 can be arranged on the side of the battery pack. The side of the vehicle and the side of the battery pack have a large space, which is conducive to the installation of the locking mechanism. Second, the first locking mechanism 3 is arranged at the bottom of the vehicle beam 101. Correspondingly, the battery pack 2 is provided with the second locking mechanism 4 in the lower section. By such an arrangement, the battery pack can have a locking installation position in the lower section, providing the possibility of optimizing the installation space of the battery pack 2, and can also provide the battery pack 2 with the installation fixing force of the lower section, so as to improve the fixing effect of the vehicle beam 101 on the battery pack 2. Alternatively, the first locking mechanism 3 can also be arranged on the side and bottom of the vehicle beam 101 at the same time.

Regarding the installation method of the battery-swap battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1, as shown in the embodiments of Figures 1, 4, and 9, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle beam 101 and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected to the vehicle beam 101, the first locking mechanism 3 is arranged on the battery pack bracket, and the battery-swap battery pack 2 is detachably installed on the battery pack bracket. By installing the battery-swap battery pack 2 on the battery pack bracket, it is convenient to optimize the arrangement of the first locking mechanism 3 and the installation method. The structure is installed to break through the structural limitations of the beam 101 itself. In addition, the vehicle's connector and other auxiliary mechanisms can be set on the battery pack bracket to achieve the overall installation and disassembly of the battery pack 2 structure, simplify the installation steps and processes, improve the installation efficiency, and facilitate the modification of existing electric vehicles.

In the embodiment in which the battery pack 2 is installed on the vehicle body 1 through the battery pack bracket, the installation position of the first locking mechanism 3 is optional, and the first locking mechanism 3 is set at at least one of the top, side and bottom of the battery pack bracket. In the embodiment shown in FIG1, by setting the first locking mechanism 3 on the top of the battery pack bracket, the top of the battery pack 2 can be fixed after the battery pack 2 is installed, and the force of the battery pack 2 is increased and balanced and stable. The upper side of the battery pack 2 has a battery pack bracket structure and a first locking mechanism 3. The separation of the battery pack 2 from the vehicle body on the upper side is conducive to protecting the battery pack 2 from the top. As shown in FIG2 and FIG3, the structure of the battery pack bracket fixing the top of the battery pack 2 is located on the upper side of the battery pack 2. In the embodiment shown in FIG4 and FIG9, by setting the first locking mechanism 3 on the side of the battery pack bracket, the side of the battery pack 2 can be directly fixed to utilize the space between the side of the battery pack and the vehicle body 1, so as to utilize the space of the vehicle body 1 on the basis of improving the fixing effect.

In the embodiment provided by the present application in which the battery pack 2 moves in the width direction of the vehicle body 1, further, the vehicle body 1 includes a vehicle beam 101 and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected to the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack 2 is detachably mounted on the battery pack bracket; the battery pack bracket includes: a vehicle beam connecting portion 104, connected to the vehicle beam 101; a locking mounting portion 105, connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion 104, and the locking mounting portion 105 extends outward along the width direction of the vehicle body 1; wherein the first locking mechanism 3 is arranged on the locking mounting portion 105. As shown in FIG. 4, by providing an extended locking mounting portion 105, it is convenient to arrange the first locking mechanism 3 in the width direction of the vehicle body, so that the battery pack 2 has more ample installation and fixing space and setting space, which is conducive to optimizing the mobility and installation stability of the battery pack 2.

In the embodiment in which the first locking mechanism 3 is installed on the locking mounting portion 105, further, as shown in FIG4 and FIG5, the number of the first locking structures is multiple, and the multiple first locking mechanisms 3 are arranged at intervals on the locking mounting portion 105 along the width direction of the vehicle body 1. By providing multiple first locking mechanisms 3, the battery swapping battery pack 2 can be installed and fixed at multiple points, so that the force on the battery swapping battery pack 2 is more balanced and the connection is more stable.

Regarding the implementation method of installing the first locking mechanism 3 on the locking mounting portion 105, further, as shown in FIG4 , a first connector 6 is provided on the side of the battery pack facing the vehicle beam 101, and a second connector 7 that cooperates with the first connector 6 is provided on the vehicle body 1; the first connector 6 is connected to the second connector 7 to achieve an electrical connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body 1. By providing the first connector 6 on the side of the battery pack facing the vehicle road, the second connector 7 and the first connector 6 can be connected or separated when the battery-changing battery pack 2 is moved along the width direction of the vehicle body 1. This arrangement allows the first connector 6 to not occupy the vertical height of the battery pack and the space on the front and rear sides, which is beneficial to the space optimization arrangement of the battery pack.

For the implementation in which the battery-swap pack 2 moves along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the first connector 6 can also be arranged at the top, bottom, front and rear sides of the battery pack, and the corresponding vehicle body 1 or battery pack bracket can be provided with a corresponding second connector 7. At this time, the first connector 6 and the second connector 7 can be plugged and connected along the width direction of the vehicle body 1. Alternatively, a movable second connector 7 can be provided so that after the battery-swap pack 2 is moved into place, the second connector 7 moves and connects with the first connector 6. For example, a retractable or flippable second connector 7 is provided in the front and rear directions of the battery-swap pack 2 on the vehicle body 1. After the battery-swap battery pack 2 is installed in place, the second connector can be movably connected to the first connector. Device 6 is installed.

For the implementation of installing the first locking mechanism 3 on the locking mounting portion 105, further, as shown in FIG4, the vehicle body 1 also includes a connector mounting portion 1024 for mounting the second connector 7, and the connector mounting portion 1024 is arranged on the side or below the vehicle beam 101. In the embodiment where the connector mounting portion 1024 is arranged below the vehicle beam 101, as shown in FIG4 and FIG6, the space below the vehicle beam 101 can be used to optimize the arrangement of the installation space of the connector mounting portion 1024 and the second connector 7. As shown in the figure, the connector mounting portion 1024 is recessed toward the inner side of the vehicle beam 101, and the connection structure of the second reinforcement portion 1023 can be arranged below the vehicle beam 101, and part of the structure of the second connector 7 can be extended to the lower side of the vehicle beam 101, so as to reduce the space requirement for the second connector 7 on the side of the vehicle beam 101, so that the battery replacement battery pack 2 can be as close to the vehicle beam 101 as possible in the width direction of the vehicle beam 101, which is conducive to increasing the volume capacity of the battery pack in the width direction, and can also make the entire electric vehicle structure compact.

In the embodiment where the connector mounting portion 1024 is disposed on the side of the vehicle beam 101, in one implementation, the vehicle beam 101 can be directly used as the connector mounting portion 1024, or a separate connector mounting portion 1024 can be disposed, thereby optimizing the installation space at the top and bottom of the vehicle beam 101, and also making the installation of the second connector 7 stable, not prone to collision during driving, and not prone to positional interference with other vehicle structures.

For the embodiment in which the locking installation part 105 is installed with the first locking mechanism 3, further, as shown in FIG4 , the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of beam connection parts 104 arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body 1; the upper part of the beam connection part 104 is connected to the beam 101, and the lower part of the beam connection part 104 extends to the lower part of the beam 101; and the two ends of the connector installation part 1024 are respectively connected to the lower part of the adjacent beam connection part 104. As shown in FIG4 , by arranging a plurality of beam connection parts 104 at intervals, the weight of the battery pack bracket can be reduced on the basis of having more connection positions with the beam 101 to increase the stability of the connection of the battery pack bracket. At the same time, by connecting the connector installation part 1024 to the beam connection part 104, the arrangement structure of the second connector 7 can be optimized by using the space between the beam connection parts 104. For example, a space for the second connector to pass can be formed between the two beam connection parts 104. By connecting the lower section of the beam connection part 104 with the connector connection part, the beam connection part 104 can also be strengthened and fixed.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 , two beam connection parts 104 are provided, but this is not a setting for the embodiment of the present application. In an alternative embodiment, multiple beam connection parts 104 may be provided. Alternatively, a single integral beam connection part 104 may be provided, and the locking mounting parts 105 are provided at both ends of the beam connection part 104.

In the embodiment shown in FIG4 , further, the middle of the connector mounting portion 1024 is concave toward the inside of the vehicle beam 101 to form a connector mounting area 10, and the second connector 7 is arranged in the connector mounting area 10. As shown in FIG6 , by concave the middle of the connector mounting portion 1024, a partial structure of the second connector 7 can be arranged below the vehicle beam 101 to reduce the space requirement for the second connector 7 on the side of the vehicle beam 101, so that the battery replacement battery pack 2 can be as close to the vehicle beam 101 as possible in the width direction of the vehicle beam 101, which is beneficial to increase the volume capacity of the battery pack in the width direction, and can also make the entire electric vehicle structure compact. The anti-deformation ability of the connector mounting portion 1024 can also be improved by concave the connector mounting portion 1024.

For the installation of the connector mounting portion 1024 on the lower side of the vehicle beam 101 , the vehicle beam connecting portion 104 may be partially extended to the lower side of the vehicle beam 101 as a whole and connected to the connector mounting portion 1024 .

Regarding the arrangement of the locking mounting portion 105, in one embodiment, the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of locking mounting portions 105 spaced apart along the length direction of the vehicle body 1; the battery pack bracket also includes a fourth reinforcing portion 12, and both ends of the fourth reinforcing portion 12 are respectively connected to adjacent locking mounting portions 105. As shown in FIG. 4, by arranging the fourth reinforcing portion 12, The overall structural strength of the battery pack bracket can be further improved, and the sides of the battery-swap battery pack 2 can also be protected.

For the arrangement of the third reinforcement part 103, further, in the height direction of the vehicle body 1, the top of the fourth reinforcement part 12 is higher than the top of the locking mounting part 105. By setting the height of the fourth reinforcement part 12 to be higher than the top of the locking mounting part 105, sufficient moving space can be provided to the battery pack 2 at the lower side of the fourth reinforcement part 12, so as to facilitate the movement of the battery pack from the side of the vehicle body 1. As an optional, when the battery pack 2 is installed in the battery pack bracket, the height of the fourth reinforcement part 12 is higher than the battery pack 2, so that the battery pack 2 has space to move directly horizontally to the battery pack bracket; as an optional, when the battery pack 2 is installed in the battery pack bracket, the height of the fourth reinforcement part 12 is slightly higher than the battery pack 2 so that when the battery pack 2 is moved to the locking position or moved out of the battery pack bracket, the battery pack 2 can be moved downward first. In the embodiment shown in the figure, when the lock slot 5 includes a horizontal section 501 and a vertical section 502, the travel of the lock shaft 401 in the vertical section 502 allows the battery pack 2 to pass through the third reinforcement part 103.

For the implementation mode in which the battery pack bracket is provided with the beam connection portion 104 and the locking installation portion 105, further, the battery pack bracket also includes a protective plate 9. In the length direction of the vehicle body 1, the protective plate 9 is located at least on one side of the battery pack, and the protective plate 9 is connected to the beam connection portion 104 and/or the locking installation portion 105. As shown in FIG1 , by providing the protective plate, the battery pack can be protected in the direction of travel of the beam 101, and the impact and damage of the battery pack on the outside during travel can be reduced. The protective plate can also be provided between the battery pack and the wheel to protect the battery pack when foreign objects are caught in the wheel. By installing the protective plate 9 on the beam connection portion 104 and/or the locking installation portion 105, the structure can be shared and the structural setting of the battery pack bracket can be optimized.

In an optional embodiment of the present application, a battery pack 2 is installed on both sides of the vehicle body 1. In this way, the battery replacement operation can be performed on both sides of the vehicle body 1, so that the electric vehicle provides more battery packs 2 for replacement, thereby improving the battery replacement efficiency of the electric vehicle. For some replaceable embodiments, a battery pack 2 can also be set on only one side of the electric vehicle.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, as an optional embodiment shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 9 , the battery pack bracket includes a first bracket 1021 and a second bracket 1022, and the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle beam 101, and the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are respectively installed with at least one battery replacement battery pack 2. In this way, the battery replacement action can be performed on both sides of the vehicle body 1, so that the electric vehicle provides more battery replacement battery packs 2, thereby improving the battery replacement efficiency of the electric vehicle. For some replaceable embodiments, the battery replacement battery pack 2 can also be set only on one side of the electric vehicle.

Regarding the setting manner of the first locking mechanism 3, in an optional embodiment, such as the embodiments shown in Figures 1, 4, and 9, further, the first locking structure includes a lock base 301 and a locking portion 302, and the lock base 301 is provided with a lock slot 5 extending along the moving direction of the battery replacement battery pack 2, and the locking portion 302 can be moved into the lock slot 5; the second locking mechanism 4 is a lock shaft 401 provided on the battery replacement battery pack 2; when the battery replacement battery pack 2 is in the locked position, the locking portion 302 locks the lock shaft 401 in the lock slot 5. As shown in Figures 2, 3, 4, 5, 7, 8, 12 and 13, by configuring the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 into a lock slot 5 and a lock shaft 401, when the battery replacement battery pack 2 is in the locked position, the lock shaft 401 is located in the lock slot 5, and the top and bottom walls of the lock slot 5 limit the vertical position of the lock shaft 401. The locking portion 302 is only used to stop the lock shaft 401 from moving horizontally, so that the locking portion 302 bears less load, which can help maintain the locking stability of the locking portion 302.

As an optional embodiment, further, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG. 8, the lock slot 5 includes interconnected horizontal sections. 501 and the vertical section 502; wherein, when the lock shaft 401 is located at one end where the horizontal section 501 and the vertical section 502 are connected, the battery pack 2 is in the unlocked position, and when the lock shaft 401 is located at the other end of the horizontal section 501, the battery pack 2 is in the locked position. By setting the lock slot 5 into the horizontal section 501 and the vertical section 502, when the battery pack 2 is installed and disassembled, the lock shaft 401 is guided to move up and down by the vertical section 502. As an optional setting, the vertical section 502 can optimize the guide structure of the vertical section 502 on the basis of less or no additional increase in the vertical height of the lock base 301, so as to facilitate guiding the lock shaft 401 to the horizontal section 501, so as to make it easier for the lock shaft 401 to enter the lock slot 5. Moreover, the side wall of the vertical section 502 can also play a certain degree of anti-slip limit role on the lock shaft 401 in the horizontal direction, and the bottom of the horizontal section 501 supports the lock shaft 401. Through such an arrangement, when installing the battery pack 2, it is possible to first move horizontally until the lock shaft 401 is located at the lower end of the vertical section 502, and then move upward and laterally. With this action, the connection structure of the battery pack 2 can be aligned or connected with the corresponding structure of the vehicle body 1 when moving up and down or laterally.

In another embodiment of the present application, the locking slot 5 may also be configured to have only a horizontal section 501 .

Regarding the connection structure of the lock shaft 401 in the battery replacement battery pack in the embodiment of the present application, preferably, one end of the lock shaft 401 is connected to the battery replacement battery pack 2, as shown in Figures 5 and 13, the lock shaft 401 is in a cantilevered arrangement as a whole, and the outer end of the lock shaft 401 is convenient for entering the lock slot 5. The connection structure between the lock shaft 401 and the battery replacement battery pack 2 can also be arranged in the manner shown in Figure 3, where the lock shaft 401 is installed on the battery replacement battery pack 2 through the mounting bracket 402, and the two ends of the lock shaft 401 are respectively connected to the mounting bracket 402. As shown in Figure 3, the mounting bracket 402 supports the lock shaft 401 at both ends, which can make the lock shaft 401 more evenly stressed and more stable to use.

In an embodiment of the present application, further, a first connector 6 is provided on the top and/or side of the battery replacement battery pack 2, and a second connector 7 that cooperates with the first connector 6 is provided on the vehicle body 1; the first connector 6 is connected to the second connector 7 to realize electrical connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery replacement battery pack 2 and the vehicle body 1.

As a preferred arrangement of the first locking structure, when the battery pack 2 is in the locked position, the first locking mechanism 3 is located on the side of the battery pack 2, and the second locking mechanism 4 is arranged on the side of the battery pack 2. By arranging the first locking mechanism 3 on the side of the battery pack 2, the side of the battery pack 2 can be directly fixed to utilize the space between the side of the battery pack and the vehicle body 1, so as to utilize the space of the vehicle body 1 while improving the fixing effect.

As an optional setting mode of the first locking structure, when the battery-swap battery pack 2 is in the locked position, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the first locking mechanism 3 can also be located at the top of the battery-swap battery pack 2; the second locking mechanism 4 is arranged at the top of the battery-swap battery pack 2. By arranging the first locking mechanism 3 at the top of the battery-swap battery pack 2, the top of the battery-swap battery pack 2 can be fixed after the battery-swap battery pack 2 is installed, and the force on the battery-swap battery pack 2 is increased and balanced and stable. The upper side of the battery-swap battery pack 2 has a battery pack bracket structure and a first locking mechanism 3, which form a separation between the battery-swap battery pack 2 and the vehicle body on the upper side, which is conducive to protecting the battery-swap battery pack 2 from the top. As shown in FIG. 2, the structure of the battery pack bracket fixing the top of the battery-swap battery pack 2 is located on the upper side of the battery-swap battery pack 2 as a whole.

In the embodiment of the vehicle beam 101 of the present application, the vehicle beam 101 further includes two support beams 1011 spaced apart along the width direction of the vehicle body 1; the vehicle body 1 also includes a first reinforcement portion 1012, and the two ends of the first reinforcement portion 1012 are respectively connected to the two support beams 1011. By such a configuration, the vehicle beam 101 forms a frame structure as a whole, and the structural strength of the vehicle beam 101 is strengthened on the basis of reducing the weight of the vehicle beam 101, so that the structure can be stable when the vehicle beam 101 bears the battery pack 2 for replacement, especially by providing the second reinforcement portion 1023, and providing a reinforcement portion 1024 at the battery pack installation position. A second reinforcing portion 1023 is provided to ensure the installation and fixing effect of the battery pack.

As a setting method for the vehicle beam 101 and the battery pack bracket, the present application provides but is not limited to the following embodiments, the battery pack bracket includes a first bracket 1021 and a second bracket 1022 respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle beam 101, and the battery pack bracket also includes a second reinforcement portion 1023;

First, as shown in FIG. 4 , the second reinforcement portion 1023 passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam 101, and the two ends of the second reinforcement portion 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, so that the space under the beam can be used to reinforce the connection between the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, especially the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 have a reinforced connection extending from the lower side of the vehicle beam 101, so that the structure of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 is more stable.

Secondly, the second reinforcement part 1023 passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam 101, and the two ends of the second reinforcement part 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, so that the space on the beam can be used to reinforce the connection between the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022. In some embodiments, when there is installation space on the beam, the installation space can be used, and the installation structure of other structural components can be set on the second reinforcement part 1023, such as the fixation of the connection pipeline of the battery replacement battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1.

Third, the second reinforcement portion 1023 passes through the vehicle beam 101, and the two ends of the second reinforcement portion 1023 are respectively connected to the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, that is, a space for the second reinforcement portion 1023 to pass through is set in the vehicle beam 101, so as to optimize the connection position of the second reinforcement portion 1023 between the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022.

Fourthly, the vehicle beam 101 includes two support beams 1011 spaced apart along the width direction of the vehicle body 1, the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are respectively connected to the two support beams 1011, and the two ends of the second reinforcement part 1023 are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 on the two support beams 1011. In this way, the second reinforcement part 1023 directly acts on the battery pack installation position, and the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 are fixed while reinforcing the vehicle beam 101.

As an embodiment of the second reinforcing part 1023 of the present application, as shown in FIG4, further, the second reinforcing part 1023 includes horizontal reinforcing bars 10231 arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vehicle body 1, and vertical reinforcing bars 10232 connecting adjacent horizontal reinforcing bars 10231; wherein, the middle part of the horizontal reinforcing bars 10231 located on the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in the direction away from the vehicle beam 101. As shown in FIG4, the middle part of the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 is recessed, which can avoid the vehicle beam 101, so that the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 has a longer installation space in the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 in the vertical direction, which is conducive to the installation of the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231, and can also make the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 more balanced in force. As shown in FIG4, by setting part of the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 to be recessed, the bearing capacity of the second reinforcing part 1023 in the opposite direction of the recess can be strengthened, so that the horizontal reinforcing bar 10231 is not easily deformed in the vertical direction.

As for the embodiment in which the second reinforcement portion 1023 passes through the vehicle beam 101 or is disposed between the support beam bodies 1011 , the second reinforcement portion 1023 may take the form of a straight beam and/or a recessed form as shown by the horizontal reinforcement rod 10231 .

In the embodiment provided by the present application, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 9 , for the arrangement of the second connector 7, further, the vehicle body 1 further includes a connector mounting portion 1024 for mounting the second connector 7; the battery pack bracket further includes a third reinforcing portion 103; and both ends of the third reinforcing portion 103 are respectively connected to the connector mounting portions 1024 on both sides of the vehicle body 1. By connecting the connector mounting portions 1024 on both sides of the vehicle body 1 into one piece through the third reinforcing portion 103, the stability of the mounting structure of the connector mounting portion 1024 on the vehicle body 1 can be improved.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. 9, the lower sections of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022 extend to the lower side of the beam 101 to form a connector mounting portion 1024, and the third reinforcement portion 103 is configured to include a horizontal reinforcement rod 10231. The horizontal reinforcing rod 10231 can stabilize the installation of the first bracket 1021 and the second bracket 1022, and can also strengthen the fixed connector mounting portion 1024. Of course, the arrangement of the third reinforcing portion 103 is not limited to the form shown in the figure. In an alternative embodiment, it can also be arranged in other forms, such as the horizontal reinforcing rod 10231 passing through the vehicle beam 101; or a separate connector mounting portion 1024 is directly arranged on the vehicle beam 101.

In the implementation mode provided by the present application, further, as shown in Figures 1 and 4, a guide portion is provided on the top of the battery-swap battery pack 2 or on the side facing the vehicle body 1, and the vehicle body 1 cooperates with the guide portion along the moving direction of the battery-swap battery pack 2. By providing the guide portion, the relative position between the battery-swap battery pack 2 and the vehicle body 1 can be limited when the battery-swap battery pack 2 is disassembled and assembled, and the movement of the battery-swap battery pack 2 can be guided. The vehicle body 1 can also cooperate with the guide portion to limit the direction perpendicular to the moving direction of the battery-swap battery pack 2, thereby further improving the fixing effect of the battery-swap battery pack 2. Furthermore, in the implementation mode shown in Figure 1, a guide rail or a slide groove matched with the guide portion can be provided at the bottom of the transverse portion of the second bracket, and the guide rail or the slide groove extends in the vehicle width direction. In the embodiment shown in Figure 4, a slide groove or a guide rail extending in the vehicle width direction can be provided on the lower side of the locking mounting portion 105. The guide portion may be a guide rib 801 in the form shown in FIG. 3 . The guide rib 801 includes a guide surface 802 and a guide fold 803 . It is only necessary to change the direction and position of the guide rib according to the setting of the slide groove or guide rail.

In the implementation manner provided by the present application, further, as shown in the embodiment of FIG. 9 , in the vertical direction, a plurality of first locking mechanisms 3 are provided at intervals on the vehicle body 1, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms 4 are provided at intervals on the battery replacement battery pack 2. By providing a plurality of first locking mechanisms 3 and second locking mechanisms 4, the battery replacement battery pack 2 can have more and larger fixed areas, thereby making the force on the battery replacement battery pack 2 more balanced and stable. As a preferred arrangement, the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 can be arranged at intervals in the horizontal direction or in the vertical direction.

In the embodiment provided by the present application, further, as shown in FIG1 , the vehicle body 1 further includes a protective plate 9, and the protective plate 9 is located at least on one side of the battery pack in the length direction of the vehicle body 1. As shown in FIG1 , by providing the protective plate, the battery pack can be protected in the direction of travel of the vehicle beam 101, and the impact and damage of the outside world on the battery pack during travel can be reduced. The protective plate can also be provided between the battery pack and the wheel to protect the battery pack when foreign objects are caught in the wheel.

In the embodiments provided in the present application, further, at least one outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or arc chamfer. By providing the chamfer, when the battery pack is moved, the chamfer position can be located at the side end of the battery pack to reduce the probability of the battery pack being damaged by collision with the outside world.

In the implementation manner provided in the present application, further, in the length direction of the vehicle body 1, a straight line or arc chamfer is arranged toward the front direction of the electric vehicle.

The present application also provides a battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, which is applied to any of the above electric vehicles, comprising:

Control the battery-swapping device to move to a preset position corresponding to the battery-swapping battery pack 2 on the electric vehicle;

Control the battery replacement equipment to remove the battery replacement battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1;

And/or, control the battery replacement equipment to install the battery replacement battery pack 2 onto the vehicle body 1.

As a further optimization of the battery replacement method, a battery replacement battery pack 2 is installed on both sides of the vehicle body 1, the number of battery replacement devices is one, and the steps of controlling the battery replacement device to move to the preset position corresponding to the battery replacement battery pack 2 on the electric vehicle include:

After the battery replacement on one side of the vehicle body 1 is completed, the battery replacement device is controlled to move to the other side of the vehicle body 1. The preset position corresponding to the battery replacement battery pack 2. In this way, the battery replacement of all the battery replacement battery packs 2 of the vehicle can be completed by a single battery replacement device.

In an alternative embodiment, it can also be arranged that battery swapping packs 2 are installed on both sides of the vehicle body 1, the number of battery swapping devices is multiple, and the step of controlling the battery swapping devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the battery swapping battery packs 2 on the electric vehicle includes: controlling multiple battery swapping devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the multiple battery swapping battery packs 2 respectively.

In an optional embodiment, for the battery replacement method, the step of controlling the battery replacement equipment to remove the battery replacement battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1 includes:

Control the battery-swapping device to unlock the battery-swapping battery pack 2, so that the first locking mechanism 3 and the second locking mechanism 4 are released from the mating state;

Control the battery replacement device to drive the battery pack to move horizontally so that the battery pack moves to the unlocked position;

Control the battery replacement equipment to drive the battery replacement battery pack 2 to separate from the vehicle body 1.

In one embodiment, for the battery replacement method, further, the step of controlling the battery replacement equipment to install the battery replacement battery pack 2 on the vehicle body 1 includes:

Control the battery replacement equipment to drive the battery pack to move to the unlocked position;

Control the battery-exchanging equipment to drive the battery-exchanging battery pack 2 to move horizontally to the locking position so that the first locking mechanism 3 cooperates with the second locking mechanism 4.

Regarding the setting of the locking part 302 in the present application, in one embodiment, as shown in the figure, the locking part 302 includes a lock tongue hinged on the lock base 301 and a connecting rod connected to the lock tongue. The lock tongue extends into the lock slot 5 and can switch between the state of locking the lock shaft 401 and allowing the lock shaft 401 to pass. By pushing the connecting rod up and down, the lock tongue can be driven to rotate. This does not limit the implementation of the locking part 302 in the present application. In alternative embodiments, other forms can also be used. For example, the locking part 302 uses a solenoid valve that can lock and open the lock slot 5, and the battery replacement equipment is provided with a trigger switch or push rod that can trigger the battery valve to unlock.

It should be noted that in the embodiments shown in Figures 9 to 14, the locking position of the battery pack 2 is located on the side facing the vehicle beam. At this time, the locking mechanism mentioned above can be used for locking. The plug-in shaft lock can also be set separately. Furthermore, a lock seat with a lock hole is set in the direction of the vehicle beam, and a lock shaft is set on the side of the battery pack. After the lock shaft is inserted into the lock hole, the lock seat locks the lock shaft.

Although the specific implementation methods of the present application are described above, those skilled in the art should understand that this is only an example, and the protection scope of the present application is defined by the appended claims. Those skilled in the art may make various changes or modifications to these implementation methods without departing from the principles and essence of the present application, but these changes and modifications all fall within the protection scope of the present application.

Claims (35)

1. An electric vehicle, characterized in that it comprises a vehicle body and a battery pack, wherein at least one battery pack is installed on each side of the vehicle body along the width direction of the vehicle body, wherein at least one battery pack is a battery replacement battery pack detachably connected to the vehicle body;

   Among them, a first locking mechanism is provided on the vehicle body, and the battery replacement battery pack is provided with a second locking mechanism cooperating with the first locking mechanism. The battery replacement battery pack moves between a locking position and an unlocking position along the width direction of the vehicle body, and when the battery replacement battery pack is in the locking position, the first locking mechanism cooperates with the second locking mechanism to lock the battery replacement battery pack on the vehicle body.
2. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vehicle body includes a vehicle beam; the first locking mechanism is arranged on the vehicle beam, and the battery replacement battery pack is detachably installed on the vehicle beam.
3. The electric vehicle according to claim 2 is characterized in that the first locking mechanism is arranged on the side and/or bottom of the vehicle beam.
4. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vehicle body includes a vehicle beam and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected to the vehicle beam, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the battery pack bracket, and the battery replacement battery pack is detachably mounted on the battery pack bracket.
5. The electric vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that the first locking mechanism is arranged at at least one of the top, side and bottom of the battery pack bracket.
6. The electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the vehicle body comprises a vehicle beam and a battery pack bracket, the battery pack bracket is fixedly connected to the vehicle beam, and the battery replacement battery pack is detachably mounted on the battery pack bracket;

   The battery pack bracket comprises:

   A beam connecting portion connected to the beam;

   A locking mounting portion connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion, the locking mounting portion extending outwardly along the width direction of the vehicle body;

   Wherein, the first locking mechanism is arranged on the locking installation portion.
7. The electric vehicle according to claim 6 is characterized in that the number of the first locking structures is multiple, and the multiple first locking mechanisms are arranged at intervals on the locking mounting portion along the width direction of the vehicle body.
8. The electric vehicle according to claim 6 is characterized in that a first connector is provided on the side of the battery pack facing the vehicle beam, and a second connector is provided on the vehicle body to cooperate with the first connector; the first connector is connected to the second connector to achieve electrical connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery pack and the vehicle body.
9. The electric vehicle according to claim 8 is characterized in that the vehicle body further comprises a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector, and the connector mounting portion is arranged on the side or below the vehicle beam.
10. The electric vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of beam connecting portions arranged at intervals along the length direction of the vehicle body;

    The upper portion of the vehicle beam connecting portion is connected to the vehicle beam, and the lower portion of the vehicle beam connecting portion extends to below the vehicle beam;

    Both ends of the connector mounting portion are respectively connected to the lower portions of the adjacent beam connecting portions.
11. The electric vehicle according to claim 10 is characterized in that a middle portion of the connector mounting portion is folded toward the inner side of the vehicle beam to form a connector mounting area, and the second connector is arranged in the connector mounting area.
12. The electric vehicle according to claim 6, characterized in that the battery pack bracket includes a plurality of locking mounting portions spaced apart along the length direction of the vehicle body;

    The battery pack bracket also includes a fourth reinforcement portion, and two ends of the fourth reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the adjacent locking mounting portions.
13. The electric vehicle according to claim 12, characterized in that, in the height direction of the vehicle body, the top end of the fourth reinforcement portion is higher than the top end of the locking mounting portion.
14. The electric vehicle according to claim 13 is characterized in that the battery pack bracket also includes a protective plate, and in the length direction of the vehicle body, the protective plate is located on at least one side of the battery pack, and the protective plate is connected to the vehicle beam connecting portion and/or the locking mounting portion.
15. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that battery replacement packs are installed on both sides of the vehicle body.
16. The electric vehicle according to claim 4 is characterized in that the battery pack bracket includes a first bracket and a second bracket, the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle beam, and the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively installed with at least one battery replacement battery pack.
17. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that the first locking structure comprises a lock base and a locking portion, the lock base is provided with a lock groove extending along the moving direction of the battery pack, and the locking portion can move into the lock groove; the second locking mechanism is a lock shaft provided on the battery pack;

    When the battery-replacement battery pack is located at the locking position, the locking portion locks the lock shaft in the locking groove.
18. The electric vehicle according to claim 17 is characterized in that the lock slot comprises a connected horizontal section and a vertical section; wherein, when the lock shaft is located at one end where the horizontal section and the vertical section are connected, the battery replacement battery pack is located at the unlocking position, and when the lock shaft is located at the other end of the horizontal section, the battery replacement battery pack is located at the locking position.
19. The electric vehicle according to claim 17, characterized in that one end of the lock shaft is connected to the battery pack, and/or

    The lock shaft is installed on the battery replacement battery pack through a mounting bracket, and both ends of the lock shaft are respectively connected to the mounting bracket.
20. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that a first connector is provided on the top and/or side of the battery replacement battery pack, and the vehicle body is provided with a second connector that cooperates with the first connector; the first connector is connected to the second connector to achieve electrical connection and/or liquid cooling connection between the battery replacement battery pack and the vehicle body.
21. An electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that the battery pack is located at When in the locked position, the first locking mechanism is located on the side and/or top of the battery replacement battery pack;

    The second locking mechanism is arranged on the side and/or top of the battery replacement battery pack.
22. The electric vehicle according to claim 2 is characterized in that the vehicle beam includes two supporting beam bodies spaced apart along the width direction of the vehicle body; the vehicle body also includes a first reinforcement portion, and both ends of the first reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the two supporting beam bodies.
23. The electric vehicle according to claim 4, characterized in that the battery pack bracket comprises a first bracket and a second bracket respectively arranged on both sides of the vehicle beam, and the battery pack bracket further comprises a second reinforcement portion;

    The second reinforcement portion passes through the lower side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

    The second reinforcement portion passes through the upper side of the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

    The second reinforcement portion passes through the vehicle beam, and two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the first bracket and the second bracket, and/or

    The vehicle beam includes two support beams spaced apart in the width direction of the vehicle body, the first bracket and the second bracket are respectively connected to the two support beams, and the two ends of the second reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the corresponding positions of the first bracket and the second bracket on the two support beams.
24. The electric vehicle according to claim 23, characterized in that the second reinforcement portion comprises horizontal reinforcement bars arranged at intervals along the height direction of the vehicle body, and vertical reinforcement bars connecting adjacent horizontal reinforcement bars;

    Wherein, the middle portion of the horizontal reinforcing rod located on the upper side and/or the lower side is recessed in a direction away from the vehicle beam.
25. The electric vehicle according to claim 20 is characterized in that the vehicle body also includes a connector mounting portion for mounting the second connector; the battery pack bracket also includes a third reinforcement portion; and both ends of the third reinforcement portion are respectively connected to the connector mounting portions on both sides of the vehicle body.
26. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that a guide portion is provided on the top of the battery replacement battery pack or on the side facing the vehicle body, and the vehicle body cooperates with the guide portion along the moving direction of the battery replacement battery pack.
27. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the vertical direction, a plurality of first locking mechanisms are provided at intervals on the vehicle body, and/or a plurality of second locking mechanisms are provided at intervals on the battery replacement battery pack.
28. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that the vehicle body further comprises a protective plate, and in the length direction of the vehicle body, the protective plate is located at least on one side of the battery pack.
29. The electric vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that at least one outer edge of the battery pack is provided with a linear or arc-shaped chamfer.
30. The electric vehicle according to claim 29 is characterized in that, in the length direction of the vehicle body, the linear or arc-shaped chamfer is arranged toward the front direction of the electric vehicle.
31. A battery replacement method for an electric vehicle, applied to the electric vehicle according to any one of claims 1 to 29, characterized in that it comprises:

    Control the battery swapping equipment to move to the preset position corresponding to the battery swapping battery pack on the electric vehicle;

    Controlling the battery replacement equipment to remove the battery replacement battery pack on the vehicle body;

    And/or, control the battery replacement equipment to install the battery replacement battery pack onto the vehicle body.
32. The battery replacement method according to claim 31 is characterized in that a battery replacement battery pack is installed on both sides of the vehicle body, the number of the battery replacement device is one, and the step of controlling the battery replacement device to move to a preset position corresponding to the battery replacement battery pack on the electric vehicle comprises:

    After the battery replacement on one side of the vehicle body is completed, the battery replacement equipment is controlled to move to a preset position corresponding to the battery replacement battery pack on the other side of the vehicle body.
33. The battery replacement method according to claim 31 is characterized in that battery replacement battery packs are installed on both sides of the vehicle body, the number of the battery replacement devices is multiple, and the step of controlling the battery replacement device to move to a preset position corresponding to the battery replacement battery pack on the electric vehicle includes:

    Control the multiple battery replacement devices to move to the preset positions corresponding to the multiple battery replacement battery packs respectively.
34. The battery replacement method according to claim 31 is characterized in that the step of controlling the battery replacement equipment to remove the battery replacement battery pack on the vehicle body comprises:

    Controlling the battery-changing device to unlock the battery-changing battery pack so that the first locking mechanism and the second locking mechanism are released from the mating state;

    Controlling the battery replacement device to drive the battery pack to move in a horizontal direction so that the battery pack moves to an unlocked position;

    Control the battery exchange equipment to drive the battery exchange battery pack to separate from the vehicle body.
35. The battery replacement method according to claim 31 is characterized in that the step of controlling the battery replacement equipment to install the battery replacement battery pack on the vehicle body comprises:

    Controlling the battery replacement device to drive the battery pack to move to an unlocked position;

    Control the battery exchange equipment to drive the battery exchange battery pack to move horizontally to a locking position so that the first locking mechanism cooperates with the second locking mechanism.